Tool holder positioning structure used for machining spindles

Abstract

The present invention provides a tool holder positioning structure for processing a spindle, and relates to the field of CNC machine tool manufacturing. The tool holder positioning structure includes: a positioning key, the positioning key includes a main body and a matching portion, wherein the matching portion is used to match with the positioning key mounting groove on the spindle; a reinforcement component, the reinforcement component includes a reinforcement rib and a dovetail reinforcement block, the reinforcement rib and the dovetail reinforcement block are both extended along the circumferential direction of the spindle, along the axial direction of the spindle, the reinforcement rib and the dovetail reinforcement block are adjacently arranged, and the dovetail reinforcement block is arranged close to the end face of the spindle; wherein, a guide bevel is formed at the end of the dovetail reinforcement block away from the spindle, and the distance between the guide bevel and the end face of the spindle is gradually reduced in the direction away from the positioning key. The cutting force exerted on the positioning key is applied to the dovetail reinforcement block and the reinforcement rib, which can protect the positioning key from being damaged by the force, and at the same time prevent the mounting screws of the positioning key from loosening, breaking and deforming, thereby increasing the service life and reducing the probability of spindle damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of CNC machine tool manufacturing, and in particular to a tool holder positioning structure used for machining a spindle. Background Art

[0002] The tools used in CNC machining are positioned using the spindle's toolholder positioning mechanism. Prior art spindles can quickly change between tools of varying specifications without requiring pre-processing adjustments to the spindle's dynamic balance. During tool changes, particularly in horizontal machining centers, the positioning key not only adjusts the spindle's dynamic balance but also guides the toolholder.

[0003] At the same time, when the spindle is processing, the locating key will also play the role of supporting the rotation of the cutter body with multiple forces. Among them, the locating key is most subjected to the reverse force when the tool engages the cutting. Long-term and high-load work will cause wear of the locating key and damage to the locating key fixing bolt. Especially when the cutter body cannot be pulled and fixed by the spindle, the rotating cutter body will hit the locating key when it starts and stops quickly, accelerating the damage of the locating key and the fixing screw.

[0004] Moreover, if the spindle tool holder locating key is not replaced in time after wear, the damaged and loose locating key will be affected by the tool holder on the spindle, causing wear of the spindle tool holder locating key mounting hole. In severe cases, the mounting hole will be deformed, exacerbating the failure of the spindle.

[0005] Currently, no effective solutions have been proposed for the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a tool holder positioning structure for machining a spindle, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the spindle tool holder positioning key mounting hole is easily worn and deformed, thereby exacerbating spindle failure.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tool holder positioning structure for processing a spindle, comprising: a positioning key, the positioning key comprising a main body and a matching portion, wherein the matching portion is used to cooperate with the positioning key mounting groove on the spindle; a reinforcement assembly, the reinforcement assembly comprising a reinforcement rib and a dovetail reinforcement block, the reinforcement rib and the dovetail reinforcement block are both extended along the circumferential direction of the spindle, and the reinforcement rib and the dovetail reinforcement block are adjacent to each other along the axial direction of the spindle, and the dovetail reinforcement block is arranged close to the end face of the spindle; wherein a guide bevel is formed on the end of the dovetail reinforcement block away from the spindle, and the distance between the guide bevel and the end face of the spindle is gradually reduced in the direction away from the positioning key.

[0008] Furthermore, the reinforcement component is arranged at an end of the main body portion away from the radial geometric center of the main axis.

[0009] Furthermore, along the circumferential direction of the main shaft, reinforcement components are provided on both sides of the positioning key.

[0010] Furthermore, the reinforcement component and the positioning key are integrally formed.

[0011] Furthermore, the tool holder positioning structure also includes: an annular connecting plate, which is detachably connected to the end face of the main shaft and at least one of the reinforcing ribs, the annular connecting plate has a connecting opening, the connecting opening has a matching bevel, and the annular connecting plate is detachably connected to the reinforcing assembly; when the annular connecting plate is connected to the reinforcing assembly, at least part of the positioning key and at least part of the dovetail reinforcement block are located in the connecting opening, and the matching bevel is matched with the guide bevel.

[0012] Furthermore, the annular connecting plate and the reinforcing rib are detachably connected by an eccentric screw, and the eccentric screw includes: a screw rod, the screw rod includes a threaded section and a connecting section, the outer circumferential surface of the threaded section is provided with a threaded structure, and two locking grooves are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the connecting section, and the two locking grooves are arranged at a distance along the circumference of the connecting section, and the locking groove includes a first groove section and a second groove section arranged at an angle, the first groove section and the second groove section are arranged to be connected to each other, and the first groove section is arranged to be connected to the outside along the axial direction of the screw; a nut, the nut includes a large head section and a small head section, the small head section is a hollow structure, and the inner wall of the small head section is provided with a locking pin protruding toward the axial center line of the nut, and the locking pin is arranged near the end of the small head section away from the large head section. There are two locking pins, and the locking pins are arranged corresponding to the locking grooves.

[0013] Furthermore, an eccentric pin is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the small head section, which protrudes in a direction away from the axial center line of the nut. The reinforcing rib is provided with a second fixing hole, which has a long side and a short side, and the eccentric pin abuts against the short side of the second fixing hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the annular connecting plate is provided with a radially penetrating movement space, and the tool handle positioning structure also includes a tool body detection mechanism, which includes: a wedge block, at least part of the wedge block is located in the movement space, the first end of the wedge block is arranged toward the radial geometric center of the main shaft, and an assembly gap is formed between the wedge block and the inner wall of the movement space; a detection switch, the detection switch is arranged near the second end of the wedge block, and the detection switch is used to detect the distance between the second end of the wedge block and the detection switch; an elastic member, the elastic member is located in the assembly gap, and the elastic member is extended along the radial direction of the main shaft; the wedge block has an initial position protruding from the inner circumference of the annular connecting plate, and when the wedge block is in the initial position, the elastic member is in a natural state, and during the process of the wedge block moving outward along the radial direction of the main shaft, the elastic member undergoes compression changes.

[0015] Furthermore, the tool holder positioning structure also includes a speed detection mechanism, which includes: a reflector, which is extended along the radial direction of the main shaft, one end of the reflector is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the annular connecting plate, and the other end of the reflector is provided with a reflective belt, and the reflector can be rotated following the annular connecting plate; a detection probe, which is used to detect the speed of the reflector, thereby detecting the speed of the main shaft.

[0016] Furthermore, along the axial direction of the main shaft, a guide surface is provided on one end of the positioning key away from the main shaft.

[0017] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, when the tool is performing machining operations, the cutting force received by the tool when cutting can be transmitted to the positioning key. Since the tool holder positioning structure is also provided with a reinforcement component, the reinforcement component includes reinforcement ribs and dovetail reinforcement blocks. The reinforcement ribs and the dovetail reinforcement blocks are both extended along the circumferential direction of the main shaft. The reinforcement ribs and the dovetail reinforcement blocks are adjacently arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft, and are adjacent to and transmit force through the guide bevel. The reinforcement component and the positioning key can cooperate with each other, and the positioning key can offset most of the cutting force received by the tool through the reinforcement component. That is, the cutting force received by the positioning key is applied to the dovetail reinforcement block and the reinforcement ribs, and the cutting force is converted into a guide bevel with a larger force-bearing surface, thereby protecting the positioning key from damage to the main shaft due to force. At the same time, it can prevent the mounting screws of the positioning key from loosening, breaking and deforming, thereby improving the service life and reducing the probability of damage to the main shaft structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 It shows a structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a tool handle positioning structure according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It shows a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a positioning key according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It shows a structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a positioning key according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the connection between a positioning key and a reinforcement component according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of an eccentric screw according to the present invention is shown;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of an eccentric screw according to the present invention is shown;

[0025] Figure 7 shows a structural schematic diagram of a third embodiment of an eccentric screw according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an annular connecting plate according to the present invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 9 It shows a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the connection between the positioning key and the reinforcing rib according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a blade detection mechanism according to the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 11 It shows a structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a tool handle positioning structure according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 12 It shows a structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a rotation speed detection mechanism according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 13 FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a second embodiment of a rotation speed detection mechanism according to the present invention.

[0032] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Spindle;

[0034] 2. Positioning key; 21. Positioning mounting hole; 22. Matching portion; 23. Main body;

[0035] 3. Dovetail reinforcement block; 300. Guide slope;

[0036] 4. Eccentric screw; 41. Thread structure; 42. Locking groove; 43. Nut; 44. Locking pin; 45. Eccentric pin;

[0037] 5. Annular connecting plate; 51. First connecting hole; 53. First fixing hole; 54. Connecting opening; 500. Matching inclined surface; 501. Movement space;

[0038] 6. Guide surface;

[0039] 7. Reinforcement rib; 71. Second fixing hole;

[0040] 8. Blade detection mechanism; 81. Wedge; 82. Elastic member; 83. Detection switch;

[0041] 9. Speed ​​detection mechanism; 91. Reflection tape; 92. Detection probe; 93. Reflection element;

[0042] 10. Spindle housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0044] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0045] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can, for example, be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0046] Now, exemplary embodiments according to the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in a variety of different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments described herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of this application thorough and complete, and to fully convey the concepts of these exemplary embodiments to those of ordinary skill in the art. In the accompanying drawings, for the sake of clarity, the thickness of layers and regions may be exaggerated, and the same reference numerals are used to represent the same devices, and thus their descriptions will be omitted.

[0047] Combine Figures 1 to 13 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present application, a tool holder positioning structure for a machining spindle is provided.

[0048] Specifically, if Figures 1 to 4As shown, the tool handle positioning structure includes a positioning key 2 and a reinforcement component, the positioning key 2 includes a main body 23 and a matching portion 22, wherein the matching portion 22 is used to cooperate with the positioning key mounting groove on the spindle 1; the reinforcement component includes a reinforcement rib 7 and a dovetail reinforcement block 3, the reinforcement rib 7 and the dovetail reinforcement block 3 are both extended along the circumferential direction of the spindle 1, along the axial direction of the spindle 1, the reinforcement rib 7 and the dovetail reinforcement block 3 are adjacent to each other, and the dovetail reinforcement block 3 is arranged close to the end face of the spindle 1; wherein, a guide bevel 300 is formed on the end of the dovetail reinforcement block 3 away from the spindle 1, and the distance between the guide bevel 300 and the end face of the spindle 1 is gradually reduced in the direction away from the positioning key 2.

[0049] By applying the technical solution of this embodiment, when the tool is performing machining operations, the cutting force received by the tool when cutting can be transmitted to the positioning key 2. Since the tool holder positioning structure is also provided with a reinforcement component, the reinforcement component includes reinforcement ribs 7 and dovetail reinforcement blocks 3. The reinforcement ribs 7 and the dovetail reinforcement blocks 3 are both extended in the circumferential direction of the main shaft 1. The reinforcement ribs 7 and the dovetail reinforcement blocks 3 are adjacently arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft 1, and are adjacent to and transmit force through the guide bevel 300. The reinforcement component and the positioning key 2 can cooperate with each other, and the positioning key 2 can offset most of the cutting force received by the tool through the reinforcement component. That is, the cutting force received by the positioning key 2 is applied to the dovetail reinforcement block 3 and the reinforcement rib 7, and the cutting force is converted into the guide bevel 300 with a larger force-bearing surface, so as to protect the positioning key 2 from being damaged by the force on the main shaft 1. At the same time, the mounting screws of the positioning key 2 can be prevented from loosening, breaking and deforming, thereby improving the service life and reducing the probability of structural damage to the main shaft 1.

[0050] Specifically, if Figure 1 As shown, the reinforcement component is disposed at the end of the main body 23 that is away from the radial geometric center of the spindle 1. This prevents the reinforcement component from contacting the spindle 1, which would create resistance and affect tool performance during tool operation, and also prevents friction between the reinforcement component and the tool that would accelerate tool wear.

[0051] It should be noted that setting the reinforcement component at the end of the main body 23 away from the radial geometric center of the main shaft 1 can also improve the stability and reliability of the connection between the reinforcement component and the positioning key 2 and the tool handle positioning structure, and avoid the occurrence of dangerous situations such as shaking or bouncing of the positioning key 2 and the reinforcement component during tool operation.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 As shown, the positioning key 2 is provided with a positioning mounting hole 21, and the positioning key 2 is detachably connected to the end face of the main shaft 1 through the positioning mounting hole 21. The positioning mounting hole 21 allows the positioning key 2 to be tightly connected to the end face of the main shaft 1, which can further improve the stability of the positioning key 2.

[0053] Further, if Figure 1 、 Figure 4As shown, reinforcement components are provided on both sides of the positioning key 2 along the circumferential direction of the main shaft 1. By providing reinforcement components on both sides of the positioning key 2, it is possible to ensure that the two sides of the positioning key 2 are subjected to uniform force, thereby preventing the main body of the positioning key 2 from deforming due to uneven stress on both sides.

[0054] Optionally, the reinforcement component is integrally formed with the positioning key 2. This can further improve the reliability of the reinforcement component and the positioning key 2 as a whole, and can facilitate the installation of the positioning key 2 and the reinforcement component on the tool handle positioning structure.

[0055] Further, if Figure 1 、 Figure 8 As shown, the tool handle positioning structure also includes an annular connecting plate 5, which is detachably connected to the end face of the main shaft 1 and at least one of the reinforcing ribs 7. The annular connecting plate 5 has a connecting opening 54, and the connecting opening 54 has a matching bevel 500. The annular connecting plate 5 is detachably connected to the reinforcing assembly; when the annular connecting plate 5 is connected to the reinforcing assembly, at least part of the positioning key 2 and at least part of the dovetail reinforcement block 3 are located in the connecting opening 54, and the matching bevel 500 is matched with the guide bevel 300. This arrangement facilitates the installation of the positioning key 2, the reinforcement assembly and the annular connecting plate 5 on the main shaft 1, and also facilitates the maintenance and replacement of the positioning key 2. When the annular connecting plate 5 is connected to the reinforcement assembly, the positioning key 2 and the dovetail reinforcement block 3 fit into the connecting opening 54, and the bottom ends of the annular connecting plate 5, the positioning key 2 and the dovetail reinforcement block 3 are arranged flush with each other, that is, the matching bevel 500 and the guide bevel 300 are arranged flush with each other, so that the annular connecting plate 5 and the positioning key 2 can be relatively stably arranged on the end face of the main shaft 1, thereby improving the stability of the tool fixation.

[0056] It should be noted that the outer diameter of the annular connecting plate 5 is smaller than the outer diameter of the main shaft 1, so that the size of the mating bevel 500 can be matched with the size of the guide bevel 300, and at the same time, the annular connecting plate 5 can be prevented from being affected by external forces and driving the reinforcing component and the positioning key 2 to separate from the main shaft 1.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present application, the annular connecting plate 5 and the end face of the main shaft 1, and the annular connecting plate 5 and the reinforcing rib 7 are all detachably connected, the reinforcing rib 7 and the positioning key 2 are integrally formed, the dovetail reinforcement block 3 is embedded in the annular connecting plate 5, the matching bevel 500 abuts against the guide bevel 300, and the dovetail reinforcement block 3 is pressed and fixed by the matching bevel 500.

[0058] Optionally, the tool holder positioning structure is made of HRC (30-50) material, which can withstand high-intensity cutting by the tool while preventing damage to the spindle 1 due to accidental collision between the structures or between the tool and the structure.

[0059] Specifically, if Figure 1 、 Figures 5 to 7As shown, the annular connecting plate 5 and the reinforcing rib 7 are detachably connected by an eccentric screw 4. The eccentric screw 4 includes a screw and a nut 43. The screw includes a threaded section and a connecting section. The outer circumference of the threaded section is provided with a threaded structure 41. Two locking grooves 42 are provided on the outer circumference of the connecting section. The two locking grooves 42 are arranged at a distance along the circumference of the connecting section. The locking groove 42 includes a first groove section and a second groove section arranged at an angle. The first groove section and the second groove section are arranged to be connected to each other, and the first groove section is arranged to be connected to the outside along the axial direction of the screw; the nut 43 includes a large head section and a small head section. The small head section is a hollow structure. The inner wall of the small head section is provided with a locking pin 44 protruding toward the axial center line of the nut 43. The locking pin 44 is arranged near the end of the small head section away from the large head section. There are two locking pins 44, and the locking pins 44 are arranged corresponding to the locking grooves 42. The screw rod of the eccentric screw 4 is set to a threaded section and a connecting section, and two locking grooves 42 are set on the connecting section, that is, it is first connected to the annular connecting plate 5 and the reinforcing rib 7 by a threaded connection, and then connected to the nut 43 by a slot key method through the two locking grooves 42. The nut 43 can strengthen the connection strength between the annular connecting plate 5 and the reinforcing rib 7 to prevent the reinforcing rib 7 and the annular connecting plate 5 from sliding along the axial direction of the main shaft 1. The locking groove 42 is provided with a first groove section and a second groove section at an angle. When fixing the eccentric screw 4, the eccentric screw 4 can be locked by matching the two locking pins 44 in the hollow structure of the small head section of the nut 43 through the angle between the first groove section and the second groove section.

[0060] Preferably, the first slot section extends axially along the screw, and the second slot section extends circumferentially, i.e., the angle between the first and second slot sections is a right angle. Two locking pins 44 are provided to match the structural orientations of the two locking slots 42. Thus, when installing the eccentric screw 4, the first locking pin 44 first extends along the first slot section to the intersection of the first and second slot sections, and then the eccentric screw 4 is rotated to lock it.

[0061] Further, if Figure 7 、 Figure 6 As shown, an eccentric pin 45 is further provided on the outer circumference of the small head section, projecting in a direction away from the axial centerline of the nut 43. The reinforcing rib 7 defines a second fixing hole 71 having a long side and a short side, with the eccentric pin 45 abutting against the short side of the second fixing hole 71. The abutment of the eccentric pin 45 with the short side of the second fixing hole 71 prevents the eccentric screw 4 and the nut 43 from rotating within the second fixing hole 71, which would cause the reinforcing rib 7 and the annular connecting plate 5 to loosen after the locking groove 42 and the locking pin 44 are unlocked, thereby causing the reinforcing rib 7 and the annular connecting plate to slide along the axial direction of the main shaft 1.

[0062] Further, if Figure 1 、 Figure 11As shown, the annular connecting plate 5 is provided with a radially through movement space 501, and the tool handle positioning structure also includes a tool body detection mechanism 8, which includes a wedge block 81, a detection switch 83 and an elastic member 82. At least part of the wedge block 81 is located in the movement space 501, and the first end of the wedge block 81 is set toward the radial geometric center of the main shaft 1, and an assembly gap is formed between the wedge block 81 and the inner wall of the movement space 501; the detection switch 83 is set near the second end of the wedge block 81, and the detection switch 83 is used to detect the distance between the second end of the wedge block 81 and the detection switch 83; the elastic member 82 is located in the assembly gap, and the elastic member 82 is extended along the radial direction of the main shaft 1; the wedge block 81 has an initial position protruding from the inner circumference of the annular connecting plate 5, and when the wedge block 81 is in the initial position, the elastic member 82 is in a natural state. During the process of the wedge block 81 moving outward in the radial direction of the main shaft 1, the elastic member 82 is compressed and changed. The first end of wedge block 81 is positioned with an inclined surface facing the radial geometric center of spindle 1. When a tool is inserted into spindle 1, pressure is applied to wedge block 81 along its inclined surface, thereby compressing wedge block 81 toward its second end and compressing elastic member 82. Pressure from elastic member 82 then acts on detection switch 83, which detects the status of the tool body within spindle 1 and determines whether it is secured. This feedback is then provided to the operator. When the tool body is removed, elastic member 82 returns to its natural state, resetting wedge block 81. Preferably, elastic member 82 is a spring.

[0063] It should be noted that the processing machine tool also has a spindle housing 10, the spindle 1 is located in the spindle housing 10 and can rotate relative to the spindle housing 10, and the detection switch 83 is set on the spindle housing 10. When the tool is working, the spindle housing 10 does not rotate, that is, the detection switch 83 is in a stable state during operation and will not rotate with the spindle housing 10.

[0064] In this embodiment, if the spindle 1 and the tool fixation failure causes the spindle 1 positioning angle to be inaccurate, and when the machine tool automatically changes the tool, the positioning key 2 and the positioning key mounting slot cannot be smoothly fitted and embedded. At this time, the tool is in an abnormal state. The detection switch 83 of the tool body detection mechanism 8 can determine that the tool is not fixed, and issue an alarm to stop the machine to avoid dangerous accidents.

[0065] Further, if Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, the tool holder positioning structure also includes a speed detection mechanism 9, which includes a reflector 93 and a detection probe 92. The reflector 93 extends in the radial direction of the spindle 1. One end of the reflector 93 is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the annular connecting plate 5, and the other end of the reflector 93 is provided with a reflective belt 91. The reflector 93 can rotate with the annular connecting plate 5. The detection probe 92 is used to detect the speed of the reflector 93, thereby detecting the speed of the spindle 1. The detection probe 92 is set on the spindle housing 10. Since the detection probe 92 does not rotate with the spindle 1 and the tool, and the reflector 93 rotates with the spindle 1, the spindle 1 speed can be detected by feedback of the signal from the detection probe 92 through the reflector 93.

[0066] Furthermore, a guide surface 6 is provided at the end of the positioning key 2, away from the spindle 1, along the axial direction of the spindle 1. The provision of the guide surface 6 allows the tool to be aligned during tool switching in conjunction with the spindle 1, should the semicircular groove of the tool holder wear and the tool become loose within the tool holder, causing the tool to change its axial direction along the spindle 1. This prevents the tool from rigidly colliding with the positioning key 2, potentially damaging the tool or the positioning key 2.

[0067] It should be noted that if Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the distance between the guide surface 6 and the end face of the spindle 1 is gradually reduced in the direction away from the center line of the radial direction of the positioning key 2. This arrangement prevents the tool from rigidly colliding with the positioning key 2 and damaging the tool and the positioning key 2 when the spindle 1 is used for tool change.

[0068] In one embodiment of the present application, there are two guide surfaces 6, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the radial center line of the positioning key 2. In this way, when the tool axial direction changes at various angles, the tool can avoid hard collision with the positioning key 2.

[0069] Further, if Figure 1 、 Figure 8 As shown, the annular connecting plate 5 is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes 51, through which the annular connecting plate 5 is detachably connected to the end face of the spindle 1. Providing the plurality of first connecting holes 51 on the annular connecting plate 5 allows connection to the end face of the spindle 1 via screws or pins, thereby improving the stability of the annular connecting plate 5 and the positioning key 2 abutting against the annular connecting plate 5.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 8 、 Figure 10As shown, the annular connecting plate 5 is further provided with a first fixing hole 53, and the reinforcing rib 7 is provided with a second fixing hole 71. The annular connecting plate 5 and the reinforcing rib 7 are detachably connected via the first fixing hole 53 and the second fixing hole 71. The eccentric screw 4 passes through the second fixing hole 71 on the reinforcing rib 7 and the first fixing hole 53 on the annular connecting plate 5 to connect and secure the annular connecting plate 5 to the reinforcing rib 7.

[0071] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the tool handle positioning structure includes a positioning key 2 and a reinforcement component. The boss structure of the positioning key 2 can be designed according to the actual size of the tool handle structure, the curvature of the reinforcement rib 7 can be adjusted according to the size of the main shaft 1, the mounting hole on the annular connecting plate 5 can be adjusted accordingly according to the size of the threaded opening on the main shaft 1, and the positioning mounting hole 21 of the positioning key 2 can be adjusted in size according to the actual mounting hole of the positioning key 2 on the main shaft 1.

[0072] The present application also provides a preferred embodiment of a tool holder positioning structure applied to a machining spindle, which can guide the tool body and protect the positioning key 2 and the positioning mounting hole 21.

[0073] Specifically, the tool holder positioning structure used for machining the spindle includes a spindle 1, a positioning key 2, a dovetail reinforcement block 3, an eccentric screw 4, an annular connecting plate 5, a guide surface 6, a reinforcement rib 7, a tool body detection mechanism 8, and a speed detection mechanism 9. The positioning key 2 is a trapezoidal structure, and the positioning key 2 is provided with a positioning mounting hole 21 that cooperates with the main shaft 1 for connecting the positioning key 2 to the main shaft 1; the dovetail reinforcement block 3 is distributed on both sides below the positioning key 2, and is an embedded structure that cooperates with the annular connecting plate 5; the eccentric screw 4 includes a screw and a nut 43 for fixing the reinforcing rib 7, adjusting and reducing the force on the positioning key 2 and the end face fixing screw of the main shaft 1; the annular connecting plate 5 is provided with a bolt hole and a connecting opening 54 that cooperate with the end face of the main shaft 1; the guide surface 6 cooperates with the tool calibration on the upper side of the positioning key 2 to avoid hard contact between the tool and the positioning key 2; the reinforcing rib 7 is an arc structure, arranged on the upper side of the positioning key 2, and a second fixing hole 71 that cooperates with the annular connecting plate 5 is provided on the reinforcing rib 7; the tool body detection mechanism 8 is arranged below the annular connecting plate 5, and includes a wedge block 81, an elastic member 82 and a detection switch 83; the speed detection mechanism 9 includes a reflective belt 91, a detection probe 92 and a reflective member 93.

[0074] The positioning key 2 and the dovetail reinforcement block 3 are integrally formed, and the cutting force received by the positioning key 2 and the connecting screw is applied to the dovetail reinforcement block 3 and the annular connecting plate 5 through the eccentric screw 4. The deformation of the eccentric screw 4 under force will not cause the positioning key 2 mounting screw to be stressed, causing the screw to loosen or break, or the spindle threaded hole to be squeezed and deformed, thereby improving the service life and reducing the probability of damage to the spindle 1.

[0075] The positioning key 2 is provided with a boss structure combined with the positioning mounting hole 21 . The boss structure tightly connects the positioning key 2 with the positioning mounting hole 21 and can improve the cutting force strength to which the positioning key 2 is subjected.

[0076] The positioning key 2 is installed on the end face of the main shaft 1. The positioning mounting hole 21 is a countersunk rough hole. The diameter of the positioning mounting hole 21 is larger than the mounting screw. The force applied to the positioning key 2 acts first on the eccentric screw 4 to protect the mounting screw of the positioning key 2 from damaging the main shaft 1.

[0077] The dovetail reinforcement block 3 is an embedded structure and is installed in conjunction with the annular connecting plate 5 . The dovetail reinforcement block 3 is pressed through the connecting opening 54 of the annular connecting plate 5 for a primary tightening.

[0078] The tool holder positioning structure is made of HRC (30-50) material, which can improve the cutting strength without making the strength too high, causing the mechanical structure to malfunction or over-position and cause damage to the structural hardware.

[0079] The eccentric screw 4 is divided into a screw rod and a nut 43. The locking pin on the nut 43 will rotate with the screw rod when entering the locking hole, thereby pre-tightening the eccentric screw 4, and the eccentric pin 45 is pre-tightened for the second time in the second fixing hole 71 of the reinforcing rib 7 to prevent the screw from loosening.

[0080] The eccentric screw 4 is provided with a screw rod and a nut 43 which are not coaxial. The matching amount between the nut 43 and the second fixing hole 71 of the reinforcing rib 7 can improve and reduce the stress on the main shaft 1 positioning threaded hole and the mounting screw, and increase the loosening cycle of the main shaft positioning screw.

[0081] The annular connecting plate 5 is provided with a first connecting hole 51 connected to the end face of the main shaft 1, and is also provided with a first fixing hole 53 for positioning with the reinforcing rib 7. When multiple forces act on the positioning key 2, the force acts on the eccentric bolt hole of the annular connecting plate 5, avoiding direct action on the main shaft 1, which would cause damage to the positioning mounting hole 21.

[0082] The annular connecting plate 5 has a connecting opening 54, which cooperates with the dovetail reinforcement block 3. When the positioning key 2 is processed, it is subjected to cutting force. The annular connecting plate 5 provides support for the positioning key 2, thereby reducing the positioning key 2 and offsetting part of the cutting force.

[0083] The guide surface 6 is arranged above the positioning key 2. When the semicircle of the tool arm is worn, the tool body becomes loose inside the tool arm and the axial direction of the tool body changes. When changing the tool in conjunction with the spindle 1, the direction of the tool body can be found to avoid a hard collision between the tool body and the positioning key 2.

[0084] The reinforcing ribs 7 are arc-shaped structures on both sides above the positioning key 2. The arc-shaped structure is as wide as the annular connecting plate 5 to avoid interference with the tool arm when changing the tool. The reinforcing ribs 7 are provided with a second fixing hole 71 that is installed in conjunction with the annular connecting plate 5. While the positioning key 2 and the annular connecting plate 5 are fastened for the second time by the eccentric screw 4, the cutting force on the positioning key 2 is also strengthened.

[0085] After the tool body is firmly pulled by the spindle 1, the tool body detection mechanism 8 pushes out the wedge 81, and the second end of the wedge 81 cooperates with the detection switch 83. The detection switch 83 collects a rising edge pulse through the logic programming of the system ladder diagram, records the tool body state and determines whether the tool body is pulled. After the tool body leaves, the elastic member 82 resets the wedge 81. The spindle 1 positioning angle is inaccurate due to the positioning failure of the spindle 1. When the machine tool automatically changes the tool, the positioning key 2 and the positioning key mounting slot cannot be smoothly docked and embedded. The tool is in a dangerous abnormal state. The tool body detection mechanism 8 can detect the abnormality in time and alarm to shut down.

[0086] The speed detection mechanism 9 records the current speed of the spindle 1 through the reflective belt 91 of the reflective member 93 on the annular connecting plate 5 and the detection probe 92. In the belt-type spindle connection mode, the belt wears out after a long period of work, and the spindle 1 cuts a large amount, which can easily cause the spindle 1 to lose rotation. The spindle 1 is directly detected in a full closed loop by the tool body speed detection mechanism 9 at the front end of the spindle 1. After determining that the spindle 1 has lost rotation, an alarm is generated to avoid the spindle belt breaking during processing, which causes damage to the workpiece and the tool.

[0087] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0088] In addition to the above, it should be noted that references to "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "an embodiment," and the like in this specification refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment as included in at least one embodiment generally described in this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in conjunction with any embodiment, it is intended that such feature, structure, or characteristic, when implemented in conjunction with other embodiments, also falls within the scope of the present invention.

[0089] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0090] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool holder positioning structure for a machining spindle, characterized in that: include: A positioning key (2), the positioning key (2) comprising a main body (23) and a matching portion (22), wherein the matching portion (22) is used to match with a positioning key mounting groove on the main shaft (1); A reinforcement assembly, the reinforcement assembly comprising a reinforcement rib (7) and a dovetail reinforcement block (3), the reinforcement rib (7) and the dovetail reinforcement block (3) both extending along the circumferential direction of the main shaft (1), the reinforcement rib (7) and the dovetail reinforcement block (3) being arranged adjacent to each other along the axial direction of the main shaft (1), and the dovetail reinforcement block (3) being arranged close to the end face of the main shaft (1); A guide slope is formed on one end of the dovetail reinforcement block (3) away from the main shaft (1), and the distance between the guide slope and the end face of the main shaft (1) is gradually reduced in a direction away from the positioning key (2).

2. The tool handle positioning structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing component is arranged at an end of the main body (23) away from the radial geometric center of the main shaft (1).

3. The tool handle positioning structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the circumferential direction of the main shaft (1), the reinforcement components are provided on both sides of the positioning key (2).

4. The tool handle positioning structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcement component and the positioning key (2) are integrally formed.

5. The knife handle positioning structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The tool handle positioning structure also includes: an annular connecting plate (5), the annular connecting plate (5) being detachably connected to at least one of the end surface of the main shaft (1) and the reinforcing rib (7), the annular connecting plate (5) having a connecting opening (54), the connecting opening (54) having a matching inclined surface (500), and the annular connecting plate (5) being detachably connected to the reinforcing assembly; When the annular connecting plate (5) is connected to the reinforcing assembly, at least part of the positioning key (2) and at least part of the dovetail reinforcing block (3) are located in the connecting opening (54), and the matching bevel (500) is matched with the guide bevel (300).

6. The tool handle positioning structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The annular connecting plate (5) and the reinforcing rib (7) are detachably connected via an eccentric screw (4), wherein the eccentric screw (4) comprises: A screw, the screw comprising a threaded section and a connecting section, the outer circumference of the threaded section being provided with a thread structure (41), the outer circumference of the connecting section being provided with two locking grooves (42), the two locking grooves (42) being provided at a distance along the circumference of the connecting section, the locking grooves (42) comprising a first groove section and a second groove section being provided at an angle, the first groove section and the second groove section being provided in communication with each other, and the first groove section being provided in communication with the outside along the axial direction of the screw; A nut (43), the nut (43) includes a large head section and a small head section, the small head section is a hollow structure, the inner wall of the small head section is provided with a locking pin (44) protruding toward the axial center line of the nut (43), the locking pin (44) is arranged close to the end of the small head section away from the large head section, there are two locking pins (44), and the locking pins (44) are arranged corresponding to the locking groove (42).

7. The tool handle positioning structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: An eccentric pin (45) is also provided on the outer peripheral surface of the small head section and is protruded in a direction away from the axial center line of the nut (43). The reinforcing rib (7) is provided with a second fixing hole (71). The second fixing hole (71) has a long side and a short side. The eccentric pin (45) abuts against the short side of the second fixing hole (71).

8. The tool handle positioning structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The annular connecting plate (5) is provided with a radially penetrating movement space (501), and the tool handle positioning structure further includes a tool body detection mechanism (8), and the tool body detection mechanism (8) includes: a wedge block (81), at least a portion of the wedge block (81) being located in the motion space (501), a first end of the wedge block (81) being disposed toward the radial geometric center of the main shaft (1), and an assembly gap being formed between the wedge block (81) and the inner wall of the motion space (501); a detection switch (83), the detection switch (83) being arranged near the second end of the wedge block (81), the detection switch (83) being used to detect the distance between the second end of the wedge block (81) and the detection switch (83); an elastic member (82), the elastic member (82) being located in the assembly gap, and the elastic member (82) extending along the radial direction of the main shaft (1); The wedge block (81) has an initial position protruding from the inner circumferential surface of the annular connecting plate (5). When the wedge block (81) is in the initial position, the elastic member (82) is in a natural state. When the wedge block (81) moves outward in the radial direction of the main shaft (1), the elastic member (82) undergoes compression changes.

9. The tool handle positioning structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tool handle positioning structure further comprises a rotation speed detection mechanism (9), wherein the rotation speed detection mechanism (9) comprises: A reflective member (93), the reflective member (93) extending in the radial direction of the main shaft (1), one end of the reflective member (93) being connected to the outer peripheral surface of the annular connecting plate (5), the other end of the reflective member (93) being provided with a reflective belt (91), and the reflective member (93) being rotatable following the annular connecting plate (5); A detection probe (92) is used to detect the rotation speed of the reflector (93), thereby detecting the rotation speed of the main shaft (1).

10. The tool handle positioning structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the axial direction of the main shaft (1), a guide surface (6) is provided at one end of the positioning key (2) away from the main shaft (1).

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