A grinding method and grinding tool for a multi-ring-groove stepped hole type bushing

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and relates to a grinding method and grinding tool for a multi-ring-groove stepped-hole type bushing. The present application comprises a grinding head, coaxiality grinding sleeve, large-hole grinding sleeve and root grinding sleeve. The grinding head is detachably connected with a grinding rod. The grinding rod serves as a mounting carrier for the grinding sleeves. The coaxiality grinding sleeve, large-hole grinding sleeve and root grinding sleeve share the same grinding rod, which is conducive to improving the grinding accuracy of the bushing. The large-hole grinding sleeve is used for fine grinding of L1 and L2 sections of the large hole of the bushing, and the root grinding sleeve is used for fine grinding of L3 section of the large hole of the bushing. The large-hole coaxial grinding section is used for coarse grinding of the large hole of the bushing, and the small-hole coaxial grinding section is used for coarse grinding and fine grinding of the small hole of the bushing. The large-hole coaxial grinding section and the small-hole coaxial grinding section work simultaneously and are coaxially arranged, which is used for ensuring the coaxiality of the inner surface of the bushing. The present application can ensure the grinding accuracy of the multi-ring-groove stepped-hole type bushing and can ensure the smooth and sharp edge requirements of the part.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing and relates to a grinding method and grinding tool for a multi-ring-groove stepped-hole type bushing. BACKGROUND

[0002] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The multi-ring-groove stepped-hole high-precision bushing shown in the drawings is made of 440C, and has a hardness of HRC 58-64 after quenching. The diameters of the φ11+0.01 0 hole and the φ31.75+0.012 0 hole are quite different. The coaxiality of the two holes needs to be ensured to be φ0.01 mm, the roughness of the two holes needs to be ensured to be Ra0.1, the cylindricity of the two holes needs to be ensured to be 0.002 mm, the sharp edges at the intersections with the φ31.75 hole need to be ensured to be R0.05max, and the sizes of the L1, L2 and L3 sections of the φ31.75 hole need to be ensured to be consistent, i.e., the size tolerance of the φ31.75+0.012 0 hole needs to be ensured to be 0.012 mm, the cylindricity needs to be ensured to be 0.002 mm, and the roughness needs to be ensured to be Ra0.1.

[0003] Since the large hole of the bushing is a blind hole structure and has three inner ring grooves, the use of a common C-shaped grinding sleeve and grinding method will cause uneven grinding of the inner hole during hole grinding, resulting in inconsistent sizes of the L1, L2 and L3 sections of the large hole of the bushing, and it is difficult to ensure the precision requirements of the size tolerance, cylindricity and roughness of the large hole of the bushing. In addition, the edges of the inner ring grooves and the edges at the intersections of the stepped hole are prone to collapse during grinding, making it difficult to ensure the sharp edge requirement, resulting in a high scrap rate of the part, difficulty in delivery, and a large waste of production resources.

[0004] In summary, for the machining of the multi-ring-groove stepped-hole bushing, the existing grinding method and device cannot meet the precision requirements of the part, it is difficult to ensure the sharp edge requirement of the part, and the scrap rate of the part is high. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a grinding method and grinding tool for a multi-ring-groove stepped-hole bushing to solve the technical problem that the existing grinding method and device for the multi-ring-groove stepped-hole bushing cannot meet the precision requirements of the part, it is difficult to ensure the sharp edge requirement, and the scrap rate is high. The present application can ensure the grinding precision of the multi-ring-groove stepped-hole bushing and ensure the sharp edge requirement of the part.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present application:

[0007] The application discloses a grinding device for multi-ring-groove stepped hole type bushings, which comprises a grinding head, coaxial degree grinding sleeves, large-hole grinding sleeves and root grinding sleeves.

[0008] The coaxial degree grinding sleeves are provided with large-hole coaxial grinding sections and small-hole coaxial grinding sections.

[0009] Further, the grinding rod is provided with a clamping connecting part, and the grinding head is clamped to the clamping connecting part through a three-jaw chuck.

[0010] Further, the large-hole coaxial grinding sections and the small-hole coaxial grinding sections are provided with an empty knife groove, and the width of the empty knife groove is 2 mm.

[0011] Further, the grinding diameter of the small-hole coaxial grinding section is 11 mm, the length of the small-hole coaxial grinding section is 16.5 mm, the grinding diameter of the large-hole coaxial grinding section is 31.75 mm, and the length of the large-hole coaxial grinding section is 43.5 mm.

[0012] Further, the large-hole coaxial grinding section is provided with L1L2 grinding sections and L3 grinding sections, the L1L2 grinding sections and the L3 grinding sections have the same diameter, the large-hole coaxial grinding section is provided with an annular groove, and the annular groove is located between the L1L2 grinding sections and the L3 grinding sections.

[0013] The total length of the L1 section, the L2 section and the part between the L1 section and the L2 section of the multi-ring-groove stepped hole type bushing is less than the total length of the L1L2 grinding sections.

[0014] Further, the large-hole grinding sleeve is provided with L1L2 fine grinding sections and a first positioning surface, the distance between the L1L2 fine grinding sections and the first positioning surface is 19 mm, the grinding radius of the L1L2 fine grinding sections is 31.75 mm, and the working surface length of the L1L2 fine grinding sections is 24.5 mm.

[0015] Further, the root grinding sleeve is provided with L3 fine grinding sections and a second positioning surface, the L3 fine grinding sections are adjacent to the second positioning surface, the grinding radius of the L3 fine grinding sections is 31.75 mm, and the working surface length of the L3 fine grinding sections is greater than the length of the L3 section.

[0016] Based on the above structure, the application discloses a grinding method for multi-ring-groove stepped hole type bushings, which adopts the grinding device for multi-ring-groove stepped hole type bushings and comprises the following steps.

[0017] The bushing big hole and the bushing small hole are preliminarily ground by using a coordinate grinding machine, and the preliminary grinding of the bushing big hole and the bushing small hole is completed by one-time clamping processing;

[0018] Coarse grinding of the coaxial: the grinding sleeve is sleeved on the grinding rod, the grinding rod is fixed on the output end of the grinding head, the big hole coaxial grinding section and the small hole coaxial grinding section are used to coarsely grind the bushing big hole and the bushing small hole, and W10 white corundum grinding paste is used in the grinding process;

[0019] Fine grinding of the bushing small hole: W7 white corundum grinding paste and the small hole coaxial grinding section are used to finely grind the bushing small hole;

[0020] Fine grinding of the L1 section and the L2 section of the bushing big hole: the big hole grinding sleeve is sleeved on the grinding rod, the grinding rod is fixed on the output end of the grinding head, W7 white corundum grinding paste and the big hole grinding sleeve are used to finely grind the L1 section and the L2 section of the bushing big hole;

[0021] Fine grinding of the L3 section of the bushing big hole: the root grinding sleeve is sleeved on the grinding rod, the grinding rod is fixed on the output end of the grinding head, W7 white corundum grinding paste and the root grinding sleeve are used to finely grind the L3 section of the bushing big hole;

[0022] The bushing big hole is manually polished by using 1000# polishing paper.

[0023] Further, the preliminary grinding of the bushing big hole and the bushing small hole by using the coordinate grinding machine is as follows:

[0024] The bushing big hole and the bushing small hole are preliminarily ground by using a coordinate grinding machine, and the preliminary grinding of the bushing big hole and the bushing small hole is completed by one-time clamping processing;

[0025] Further, in the coarse grinding process, the spindle speed is 250-400 r / min.

[0026] After the coarse grinding is completed, the hole taper of the bushing big hole is less than or equal to 0.005 mm, and the hole taper of the bushing small hole is less than or equal to 0.002 mm, and the fine grinding leaves a margin of 0.02 mm and 0.01 mm respectively.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The present application comprises a grinding head, a coaxiality grinding sleeve, a large-hole grinding sleeve and a root grinding sleeve, the grinding head is detachably connected with a grinding rod, the grinding rod serves as a mounting carrier of the grinding sleeve, transmits the grinding force and drives the grinding sleeve to work. One of the coaxiality grinding sleeve, the large-hole grinding sleeve and the root grinding sleeve is sleeved on the grinding rod at a time, that is, the coaxiality grinding sleeve, the large-hole grinding sleeve and the root grinding sleeve share the same grinding rod, which is beneficial to ensure the unchanged positioning accuracy and improve the grinding accuracy of the bushing. The large-hole grinding sleeve is used for fine grinding of L1 and L2 sections of the bushing large hole, and the root grinding sleeve is used for fine grinding of L3 section of the bushing large hole. The large-hole coaxial grinding section is used for coarse grinding of the bushing large hole, and the small-hole coaxial grinding section is used for coarse grinding and fine grinding of the bushing small hole. The large-hole coaxial grinding section and the small-hole coaxial grinding section work simultaneously and are coaxially arranged to ensure the coaxiality of the inner surface of the bushing. Through the coaxial coarse grinding of the large-hole coaxial grinding section and the small-hole coaxial grinding section, the fine grinding of the small-hole coaxial grinding section, the large-hole grinding sleeve and the root grinding sleeve, the grinding accuracy of the multi-ring groove stepped hole type bushing can be ensured, and at the same time, the segmented grinding of the bushing large hole can ensure the smooth and sharp edge requirement of the part.

[0029] 2. The total length of L1 section, L2 section and part between L1 section and L2 section of the bushing is less than the total length of L1L2 grinding section, which is beneficial to ensure the smooth and sharp edge requirement of the inner ring groove edge and the step hole edge at the intersection.

[0030] 3. The working surface length of L3 fine grinding section is greater than the length of L3 section, which is beneficial to ensure the smooth and sharp edge requirement of the inner ring groove edge and the step hole edge at the intersection.

[0031] 4. The first positioning surface is in contact with the connecting surface of the bushing large hole and the bushing small hole, and the first positioning surface is used for positioning of L1L2 fine grinding section to ensure the accuracy of L1 section and L2 section grinding.

[0032] 5. The second positioning surface is in contact with the connecting surface of the bushing large hole and the bushing small hole, and the second positioning surface is used to ensure the accuracy of L3 section grinding.

[0033] 6、The method utilizes the coordinate grinding machine to preliminarily grind the bushing large hole and the bushing small hole, and the preliminary grinding of the bushing large hole and the bushing small hole is completed by one-time clamping processing; the size precision and the shape precision of the bushing large hole and the bushing small hole are ensured, and the coaxiality of the bushing large hole and the bushing small hole is improved. Coarse grinding of the coaxiality: the coaxiality grinding sleeve is sleeved on the grinding rod, the grinding rod is fixed on the output end of the grinding car head, the bushing large hole and the bushing small hole are coarsely ground by the large hole coaxial grinding section and the small hole coaxial grinding section, W10 white corundum grinding paste is adopted in the grinding process, the larger uneven parts on the surface of the bushing large hole and the bushing small hole are quickly removed, and the grinding efficiency is improved; fine grinding of the bushing small hole: W7 white corundum grinding paste and the small hole coaxial grinding section are adopted to fine grind the bushing small hole, and the surface roughness and the size precision of the bushing small hole are further improved; fine grinding of the L1 section and the L2 section of the bushing large hole: the large hole grinding sleeve is sleeved on the grinding rod, the grinding rod is fixed on the output end of the grinding car head, W7 white corundum grinding paste and the large hole grinding sleeve are adopted to fine grind the L1 section and the L2 section of the bushing large hole, and the surface roughness and the size precision of the L1 section and the L2 section are further improved; fine grinding of the L3 section of the bushing large hole: the root grinding sleeve is sleeved on the grinding rod, the grinding rod is fixed on the output end of the grinding car head, W7 white corundum grinding paste and the root grinding sleeve are adopted to fine grind the L3 section of the bushing large hole, and the surface roughness and the size precision of the L3 section are further improved; the bushing large hole is manually polished by using 1000# polishing paper, and the micro scratches and burrs on the surface are further removed, and the surface gloss and the smoothness of the bushing large hole are improved. The method combines the grinding device of the multi-ring groove stepped hole type bushing, and guarantees the grinding precision of the multi-ring groove stepped hole type bushing by the segmented grinding method, and guarantees the bright and sharp edge requirement of the part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 The structure parameter diagram of the bushing part to be machined is shown in the figure;

[0035] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the bushing part to be machined is shown in the figure;

[0036] Figure 3 The structure diagram of the coaxiality grinding sleeve of one embodiment of the application is shown in the figure; wherein, Figure 3 a is the structure diagram of the coaxiality grinding sleeve, Figure 3 b is the left view of the coaxiality grinding sleeve; Figure 3 c is Figure 3 the enlarged view of I of a; Figure 3 d is Figure 3 the enlarged view of II of a; Figure 3 e is Figure 3 the enlarged view of III of a;

[0037] Figure 4 The structure diagram of the coaxiality grinding sleeve of the application is shown in the figure;

[0038] Figure 5 is a φ11 grinding ring part drawing; wherein, Figure 5 a is a φ11 grinding ring part front view, Figure 5 b is a φ11 grinding ring part left view;

[0039] Figure 6 is a φ31.75 grinding ring part drawing; wherein, Figure 6 a is a φ31.75 grinding ring part front view, Figure 6 b is a φ31.75 grinding ring part left view;

[0040] Figure 7 is a structure schematic diagram of the grinding rod of the present application;

[0041] Figure 8 is a structure schematic diagram of the large hole grinding sleeve of the present application; Figure 8 a is a front view of the large hole grinding sleeve; Figure 8 b is a left view of the large hole grinding sleeve; Figure 8 c is Figure 8 a is an enlarged view of IV of a;

[0042] Figure 9 is a structure schematic diagram of the root grinding sleeve of the present application; Figure 9 a is a front view of the root grinding sleeve; Figure 9 b is a left view of the root grinding sleeve;

[0043] Figure 10 is an assembly schematic diagram of the coaxial degree grinding sleeve and the grinding rod of the present application;

[0044] Figure 11 is an assembly schematic diagram of the large hole grinding sleeve and the grinding rod of the present application;

[0045] Figure 12 is an assembly schematic diagram of the root grinding sleeve and the grinding rod of the present application;

[0046] Figure 13 is a flow chart of the method of the present application.

[0047] Wherein: wherein: 1, bushing large hole; 1-1, L1 section; 1-2, L2 section; 1-3, L3 section; 2, bushing small hole; 3, coaxial degree grinding sleeve; 3-1, air knife groove; 3-2, annular groove; 3-3, L3 grinding section; 3-4, small hole coaxial grinding section; 3-5, L1L2 grinding section; 3-6, large hole coaxial grinding section; 4, large hole grinding sleeve; 4-1, L1L2 fine grinding section; 4-2, first positioning surface; 5, root grinding sleeve; 5-1, L3 fine grinding section; 5-2, second positioning surface; 6, grinding rod; 6-1, clamping connection part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to better understand the technical scheme of the present application, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0049] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-described drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units does not have to be limited to only those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to the process, method, product or device.

[0050] The present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0051] The present application discloses a kind of multi-ring groove step hole type bushing's grinding device, including grinding car head, coaxial degree grinding sleeve 3, big hole grinding sleeve 4 and root grinding sleeve 5, see Figure 4 It is coaxial degree grinding sleeve structural diagram of the present application, see Figure 8 It is big hole grinding sleeve structural diagram of the present application, see Figure 9 It is root grinding sleeve structural diagram of the present application, grinding car head is used to provide the power required for grinding, the grinding car head can be detachably fixedly connected grinding rod 6, grinding rod 6 is installed carrier of grinding sleeve, transfer grinding force and drive grinding sleeve to carry out grinding work.The coaxial degree grinding sleeve 3, big hole grinding sleeve 4 and root grinding sleeve 5 can be set on the grinding rod 6, grinding rod 6 is only set one of coaxial degree grinding sleeve 3, big hole grinding sleeve 4 and root grinding sleeve 5 on single time, i.e., coaxial degree grinding sleeve 3, big hole grinding sleeve 4 and root grinding sleeve 5 share same grinding rod 6, it is favorable to ensure that positioning accuracy does not change, improve the grinding accuracy of bushing, see Figure 10 It is coaxial degree grinding sleeve and grinding rod assembly diagram of the present application; Figure 11 It is big hole grinding sleeve and grinding rod assembly diagram of the present application; Figure 12The assembly diagram of the root grinding sleeve and the grinding rod of the present application; The large hole grinding sleeve 4 is used for fine grinding the L1 section 1-1 and the L2 section 1-2 of the large hole 1 of the bushing, and the root grinding sleeve 5 is used for fine grinding the L3 section 1-3 of the large hole 1 of the bushing.

[0052] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the coaxiality grinding sleeve 3 is provided with a large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and a small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4, and the large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 are coaxially arranged. The large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 is used for rough grinding of the large hole 1 of the bushing, and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 is used for rough grinding and fine grinding of the small hole 2 of the bushing. The large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 work simultaneously to ensure the coaxiality of the inner surface of the bushing.

[0053] The present application can ensure the grinding precision of the multi-ring groove stepped hole type bushing through the coaxial rough grinding of the large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4, and the fine grinding of the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4, the large hole grinding sleeve 4 and the root grinding sleeve 5. At the same time, the segmented grinding of the large hole 1 of the bushing can ensure the smooth and sharp edge requirements of the part.

[0054] Example one:

[0055] Referring to Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the present embodiment discloses a grinding device for a multi-ring groove stepped hole type bushing, which comprises a grinding head, a coaxiality grinding sleeve 3, a large hole grinding sleeve 4 and a root grinding sleeve 5. The grinding head is detachably and fixedly connected with a grinding rod 6. The coaxiality grinding sleeve 3, the large hole grinding sleeve 4 and the root grinding sleeve 5 can all be sleeved on the grinding rod 6, and only one of the coaxiality grinding sleeve 3, the large hole grinding sleeve 4 and the root grinding sleeve 5 is sleeved on the grinding rod 6 at a time.

[0056] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the coaxiality grinding sleeve 3 is provided with a large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and a small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4, and the large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 are coaxially arranged.

[0057] Preferably, referring to Figure 7 , the grinding rod 6 is provided with a clamping connection part 6-1, and the grinding head clamps and connects the clamping connection part 6-1 through a three-jaw chuck.

[0058] Preferably, referring to Figure 4 , an empty knife groove 3-1 is arranged between the large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4, the width of the empty knife groove 3-1 is 2mm, an annular groove is arranged between the L3 section 1-3 of the multi-ring groove stepped hole type bushing and the small hole 2 of the bushing, and the empty knife groove 3-1 corresponds to the annular groove.

[0059] Preferably, referring to Figure 3 , the grinding diameter of the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 is 11 mm, the length of the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 is 16.5 mm, the grinding diameter of the large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 is 31.75 mm, and the length of the large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 is 43.5 mm.

[0060] Preferably, the large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 is provided with an L1L2 grinding section 3-5 and an L3 grinding section 3-3, the L1L2 grinding section 3-5 and the L3 grinding section 3-3 have the same diameter, and the large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 is provided with an annular groove 3-2, and the annular groove 3-2 is located between the L1L2 grinding section 3-5 and the L3 grinding section 3-3.

[0061] Preferably, the total length of the L1 section 1-1, the L2 section 1-2 and the part between the L1 section 1-1 and the L2 section 1-2 of the bushing is less than the total length of the L1L2 grinding section 3-5, which is beneficial to ensure the smooth and sharp edge requirements of the L1 section 1-1 and the L2 section 1-2, that is, to ensure the smooth and sharp edge requirements of the inner annular groove edge of the L1 section 1-1 and the L2 section 1-2 and the step hole edge.

[0062] Preferably, referring to Figure 3 , the width of the annular groove 3-2 is 10 mm, the working surface length of the L1L2 grinding section 3-5 is 23.3 mm, and the working surface length of the L3 grinding section 3-3 is 10.2 mm.

[0063] Preferably, referring to Figure 8 , the large hole grinding sleeve 4 is provided with an L1L2 fine grinding section 4-1 and a first positioning surface 4-2, and when the large hole grinding sleeve 4 is grinding, the first positioning surface 4-2 is in close contact with the connecting surface of the large hole 1 of the bushing and the small hole 2 of the bushing, the first positioning surface 4-2 is used for positioning the L1L2 fine grinding section 4-1, and the accuracy of the L1 section 1-1 and the L2 section 1-2 grinding is ensured.

[0064] Preferably, referring to Figure 8 , the distance between the L1L2 fine grinding section 4-1 and the first positioning surface 4-2 is 19 mm, the grinding radius of the L1L2 fine grinding section 4-1 is 31.75 mm, and the working surface length of the L1L2 fine grinding section 4-1 is 24.5 mm.

[0065] Preferably, referring to Figure 9The root grinding sleeve 5 is provided with an L3 fine grinding section 5-1 and a second positioning surface 5-2, the L3 fine grinding section 5-1 is adjacent to the second positioning surface 5-2, the second positioning surface 5-2 is attached to the connecting surface of the bushing large hole 1 and the bushing small hole 2, the second positioning surface 5-2 is used to ensure the accuracy of L3 section 1-3 grinding, the working surface length of the L3 fine grinding section 5-1 is greater than the length of the L3 section 1-3, which is beneficial to ensure the smooth and sharp edge requirement of the inner ring groove edge and the step hole joint edge.

[0066] Preferably, the grinding radius of the L3 fine grinding section 5-1 is 31.75 mm, and the working surface length of the L3 fine grinding section 5-1 is 11 mm.

[0067] Embodiment two:

[0068] In order to solve the processing problem of the multi-ring groove step hole type bushing, the embodiment discloses a special grinding tool, and adopts a segmented hole grinding method during grinding, which not only eliminates the uneven grinding problem of the inner hole multi-ring groove structure, ensures the size tolerance, cylindricity, coaxiality and roughness requirements of the φ11+0.01 0 hole and the φ31.75+0.012 0 hole, but also effectively ensures the technical requirement of smooth and sharp edge R0.05max at all joint positions with the inner hole, and the processing process is stable and reliable, which completely ensures the product quality.

[0069] Referring to Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the application comprises a coaxiality grinding sleeve 3, a φ31.75 hole grinding sleeve, a φ31.75 hole root grinding sleeve, a φ31.75 hole grinding ring for surface grinding of the φ31.75 hole grinding sleeve, a φ11 grinding ring for surface grinding of the φ31.75 hole root grinding sleeve, and the coaxiality grinding sleeve 3 is composed of a large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and a small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4.

[0070] It should be noted that the above-mentioned φ31.75 hole grinding sleeve is a large hole grinding sleeve 4.

[0071] The coaxiality grinding sleeve, the φ31.75 hole grinding sleeve and the φ31.75 hole root grinding sleeve are fixed on the grinding car head through a grinding rod 6, wherein the materials of the grinding sleeves are all gray cast iron HT20-40, and the material of the grinding rod is T4A steel with a hardness of HRC40-45.

[0072] The coaxiality grinding sleeve and the φ31.75 hole grinding sleeve are manually ground into an outer ring groove structure, which can effectively avoid the inner ring groove and the inner hole joint position of the bushing, and avoid the collapse phenomenon during hole grinding, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 is a φ11 grinding ring part drawing; Figure 6 is a φ31.75 grinding ring part drawing;

[0073] The φ31.75 hole root grinding sleeve is designed in a stepped manner, which is used for grinding the L3 section root φ31.75 hole, guarantees the requirement of the cylindricity of 0.002mm, solves the uneven removal phenomenon generated when the whole hole is ground at the same time, and guarantees the cylindricity requirement of the φ31.75+0.0120 hole of 0.002mm.

[0074] The segmented grinding is needed when the hole is ground, the position of the ground hole is controlled through the effective grinding work surface, the size tolerance of the φ31.75+0.0120 hole generated by the multi-ring groove structure of the large hole is solved, the problem that the smooth sharp edge R0.05max at the joint of the cylindricity of 0.002mm and the type hole cannot be guaranteed is solved, and finally the method of polishing the inner hole by using the 1000# polishing paper is used to guarantee the roughness requirement of the hole of Ra0.1.

[0075] The grinding tool and method have the following advantages:

[0076] a. The tool structure is simple and easy to operate;

[0077] b. The processing method is novel, and the part processing quality is stable, and the size meets the design drawing requirement;

[0078] c. The part qualification rate is improved to 100%, and the production cost is saved;

[0079] Based on the above structure, the application further discloses a grinding method of the multi-ring groove stepped hole type bushing, which is shown in Figure 13 , and comprises the following steps:

[0080] S1. The large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing are preliminarily ground by using the coordinate grinding machine, and the preliminary grinding of the large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing is completed by one-time clamping processing; through the high-precision processing of the coordinate grinding machine, the size precision and shape precision of the large hole and the small hole of the bushing can be ensured, which provides favorable conditions for subsequent coaxial rough grinding and fine grinding, and the one-time clamping processing is favorable for improving the coaxiality of the large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing.

[0081] S2. Coaxial rough grinding: the coaxial grinding sleeve 3 is sleeved on the grinding rod 6, the grinding rod 6 is fixed on the output end of the grinding car head, the large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 are used to rough grind the large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing, W10 white corundum grinding paste is used in the grinding process, the larger uneven parts on the surface of the large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing are quickly removed, and the grinding efficiency is improved;

[0082] S3. Fine grinding of the small hole 2 of the bushing: W7 white corundum grinding paste and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 are used to fine grind the small hole 2 of the bushing, the small unevenness on the surface of the small hole 2 of the bushing is further removed, and the surface roughness and size precision of the small hole are improved;

[0083] S4. Fine grinding of the L1 and L2 sections of the large hole of the bushing: the large hole grinding sleeve 4 is sleeved on the grinding rod 6, the grinding rod 6 is fixed on the output end of the grinding head, and the L1 section 1-1 and the L2 section 1-2 of the large hole 1 of the bushing are fine ground by using W7 white corundum grinding paste and the large hole grinding sleeve 4, so as to further remove the slight unevenness on the surface of the L1 section 1-1 and the L2 section 1-2 of the large hole 1 of the bushing, and improve the surface roughness and size accuracy of the L1 section 1-1 and the L2 section 1-2 of the hole.

[0084] S5. Fine grinding of the L3 section of the large hole of the bushing: the root grinding sleeve 5 is sleeved on the grinding rod 6, the grinding rod 6 is fixed on the output end of the grinding head, and the L3 section 1-3 of the large hole 1 of the bushing is fine ground by using W7 white corundum grinding paste and the root grinding sleeve 5, so as to further remove the slight unevenness on the surface of the L3 section 1-3 of the hole of the bushing, and improve the surface roughness and size accuracy of the small hole.

[0085] S6. The large hole 1 of the bushing is polished by hand using 1000# polishing paper, so as to further remove the slight scratches and burrs on the surface, and improve the surface gloss and smoothness of the large hole of the bushing.

[0086] The method of the present application combines the grinding device of the multi-ring groove stepped hole type bushing, and through the segmented grinding method, the grinding accuracy of the multi-ring groove stepped hole type bushing is ensured, and the requirements of the smooth and sharp edge of the part are ensured.

[0087] Example three:

[0088] Referring to Figure 13 The present embodiment discloses a grinding method of a multi-ring groove stepped hole type bushing, which comprises the following steps:

[0089] S1. The large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing are preliminarily ground by using a coordinate grinding machine, and the preliminary grinding of the large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing is completed by one-time clamping processing; through the high-precision processing of the coordinate grinding machine, the size accuracy and shape accuracy of the large hole and the small hole of the bushing can be ensured, which provides favorable conditions for subsequent coaxial rough grinding and fine grinding, and one-time clamping processing is beneficial to improve the coaxiality of the large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing, and the specific process is as follows:

[0090] The large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing are preliminarily ground by using a coordinate grinding machine, and the preliminary grinding of the large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing is completed by one-time clamping processing; through the high-precision processing of the coordinate grinding machine, the size accuracy and shape accuracy of the large hole and the small hole of the bushing can be ensured, which provides favorable conditions for subsequent coaxial rough grinding and fine grinding, and one-time clamping processing is beneficial to improve the coaxiality of the large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing, and the specific process is as follows:

[0091] S2. Coarse grinding of coaxiality: three coaxiality grinding sleeves 3 are sleeved on the grinding rod 6, the grinding rod 6 is fixed on the output end of the grinding head, the grinding rod 6 is driven to rotate by the grinding head, and then the coaxiality grinding sleeve 3 is driven to rotate, the large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 on the coaxiality grinding sleeve 3 are used to coarsely grind the sleeve large hole 1 and the sleeve small hole 2, W10 white corundum abrasive paste is used in the grinding process, large uneven parts on the surface of the sleeve large hole 1 and the sleeve small hole 2 are quickly removed, and the grinding efficiency is improved;

[0092] Preferably, during the coarse grinding process, the speed of the main shaft is 250-400 r / min,

[0093] After the coarse grinding is completed, the hole taper of the sleeve large hole 1 is less than or equal to 0.005 mm, and the remaining amount for fine grinding is 0.02 mm; the hole taper of the sleeve small hole 2 is less than or equal to 0.002 mm, and the remaining amount for fine grinding is 0.01 mm.

[0094] S3. Fine grinding of the sleeve small hole 2: W7 white corundum abrasive paste and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 are used to fine grind the sleeve small hole 2, further remove the small unevenness on the surface of the sleeve small hole 2, and improve the surface roughness and size accuracy of the small hole;

[0095] S4. Fine grinding of the L1 section and the L2 section of the sleeve large hole: the large hole grinding sleeve 4 is sleeved on the grinding rod 6, the grinding rod 6 is fixed on the output end of the grinding head, the grinding rod 6 is driven to rotate by the grinding head, and then the large hole grinding sleeve 4 is driven to rotate, W7 white corundum abrasive paste and the large hole grinding sleeve 4 are used to fine grind the L1 section 1-1 and the L2 section 1-2 of the sleeve large hole 1, further remove the small unevenness on the surface of the L1 section 1-1 and the L2 section 1-2 of the sleeve large hole 1, and improve the surface roughness and size accuracy of the L1 section 1-1 and the L2 section 1-2 hole;

[0096] S5. Fine grinding of the L3 section of the sleeve large hole: the root grinding sleeve 5 is sleeved on the grinding rod 6, the grinding rod 6 is fixed on the output end of the grinding head, the grinding rod 6 is driven to rotate by the grinding head, and then the root grinding sleeve 5 is driven to rotate, W7 white corundum abrasive paste and the root grinding sleeve 5 are used to fine grind the L3 section 1-3 of the sleeve large hole 1, further remove the small unevenness on the surface of the L3 section 1-3 of the sleeve large hole 1, and improve the surface roughness and size accuracy of the L3 section 1-3 hole;

[0097] S6. The sleeve large hole 1 is polished by hand using 1000# polishing paper, further removing the small scratches and burrs on the surface, and improving the surface gloss and smoothness of the sleeve large hole.

[0098] Example Four:

[0099] Referring to Figure 13The embodiment discloses a grinding method of a multi-ring groove stepped hole type bushing.

[0100] S1, before hole grinding, a coordinate grinding machine is used to grind the φ31.75+0.012 0mm hole and the φ11+0.01 0mm hole, so that the φ31.75+0.012 0mm hole is machined to φ31.72+0.01 0mm, the φ11+0.010mm hole is machined to φ10.98+0.01 0mm, the cylindricity of the two holes is machined to 0.008mm, the coaxiality is machined to φ0.006mm, and the roughness is machined to Ra0.8.

[0101] S2, since the hole grinding allowance is small, the grinding sleeve must be trimmed before grinding, so as to improve the accuracy of the grinding sleeve, and the method for trimming the grinding sleeve is as follows:

[0102] S21, the coaxiality grinding sleeve is trimmed, that is, the large-hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and the small-hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 on the coaxiality grinding sleeve 3 are trimmed.

[0103] A φ31.2x10mm annular groove 3-2 is manually trimmed on the φ31.75mm outer circle of the coaxiality grinding sleeve; a φ10.8x2mm wide knife groove 3-1 is manually trimmed at the root of the φ11 outer circle, and a 0.3° taper is manually trimmed outside the working surface of the small-hole coaxial grinding section 3-4, and the intersection of the two end faces and the outer circle is R0.5max, as shown in the drawing, and the length of the working surface of the small-hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 is 16.5mm. Figure 2

[0104] After the coaxiality grinding sleeve is trimmed, W10 white corundum grinding paste and a φ31.75 grinding ring are used to repeatedly trim the φ31.75 outer circle of the coaxiality grinding sleeve, so that the taper of the grinding sleeve is ≤0.005mm, the taper can be measured by the φ31.75+0.012 0mm hole of the ground part to ensure the actual taper; W10 and W7 white corundum grinding paste and a φ11 grinding ring are used to repeatedly trim the φ11 outer circle of the coaxiality grinding sleeve, so that the taper is ≤0.002mm, and the taper can be measured by the φ11+0.01 0mm hole of the ground part to ensure the actual taper.

[0105] S22, the φ31.75+0.012 0mm hole grinding sleeve is trimmed, that is, the large-hole grinding sleeve 4 is trimmed.

[0106] ​φ31.75+0.012 0 hole grinding sleeve on the need to manually trimming width φ31.2 x 10 mm outer circle groove, ensure that the 4 hole grinding sleeve on the L3 section 1-3 corresponding to the working surface length of 8.8mm~9.2mm between, the working surface is too long, will lead to the part of the hole grinding hole and the intersection of the inner hole; the intersection of the outer circle and the two end face is guaranteed to be R0.5max, the burr of the evenly distributed groove and the outer circle is removed by removing the high point burr to prevent scratching the inner hole wall of the part during grinding.

[0107] After trimming φ31.75+0.012 0 hole grinding sleeve, φ31.75+0.012 0 hole grinding sleeve φ31.75 outer circle is repeatedly polished with W10 white corundum grinding paste and φ31.75 grinding ring, so that the taper of the grinding sleeve is ≤0.005mm. The taper can be measured by grinding the φ31.75+0.012 0mm hole of the part to ensure the actual taper.

[0108] S23, trimming φ31.75+0.012 0 hole root grinding sleeve;

[0109] φ31.75+0.012 0 hole root grinding sleeve needs to be manually trimmed out φ31.7 x 31.5mm step circle to ensure the effective working surface length of φ31.75 outer circle is 11mm;

[0110] After trimming φ31.75+0.012 0 hole root grinding sleeve, φ31.75+0.012 0 hole root grinding sleeve outer circle is repeatedly polished, and the polishing method is the same as that of φ31.75+0.012 0 hole grinding sleeve, to ensure that the outer circle taper of φ31.75+0.012 0 hole root grinding sleeve is ≤0.002mm.

[0111] S3, the specific steps of hole grinding are as follows:

[0112] S31, φ31.75+0.012 0 hole is coarsely ground with W10 white corundum grinding paste and coaxial grinding sleeve, to ensure that the hole taper reaches 0.005mm, leaving a margin of 0.02mm for fine grinding, and the spindle speed is 250~400r / min;

[0113] S32, φ11+0.01 0 hole is coarsely ground with W10 white corundum grinding paste and coaxial grinding sleeve, to ensure that the hole taper reaches 0.002mm, leaving a margin of 0.01mm for fine grinding, and the spindle speed is 250~400r / min;

[0114] S33, φ11+0.01 0 hole is finely ground with W7 white corundum grinding paste and coaxial grinding sleeve to reach the drawing, to ensure that the hole taper is 0.002mm and the roughness Ra is 0.1, and the spindle speed is 250~400r / min;

[0115] S34, adopt W7 white corundum abrasive paste and φ31.75 hole grinding sleeve φ31.75+0.012 0 hole, ensure that L1 section and L2 section cylindricity 0.002mm, roughness Ra0.1 and keep the intersection with the hole clean sharp edge, spindle speed 250-400r / min;

[0116] S35, adopt W7 white corundum abrasive paste and φ31.75 hole root grinding sleeve φ31.75+0.012 0 hole, ensure that L3 section cylindricity 0.002mm, roughness Ra0.1 and keep the intersection with the hole clean sharp edge, spindle speed 250-400r / min;

[0117] S36, utilize 1000# polishing paper manual polishing φ31.75+0.012 0 hole, ensure that hole roughness Ra0.1.

[0118] S37, φ11+0.01 0 hole coaxiality φ0.01 measurement method: install special mandrel on V-block, φ31.75+0.012 0 hole is installed on the outer circle of mandrel, then utilize lever micrometer to realize 100% measurement of φ11+0.01 0 hole coaxiality, can completely ensure that coaxiality φ0.01 requirement.

[0119] The grinding tool of the application has simple structure, is reliable and stable, the grinding method is easy to operate, the multi-ring groove stepped hole type bushing part has high qualified rate, solves the machining problem of the multi-ring groove stepped hole type bushing, ensures product quality, and the part qualified rate is improved to 100%.

[0120] The above content only illustrates the technical idea of the application, and cannot limit the protection scope of the application, and any modification made according to the technical idea of the application on the basis of the technical scheme falls within the protection scope of the claims of the application.

Claims

1. A grinding device for a multi-ring groove stepped hole bushing, characterized in that, It includes a grinding head, a coaxiality grinding sleeve (3), a large hole grinding sleeve (4), and a root grinding sleeve (5). A grinding rod (6) is detachably and fixedly connected to the grinding head. The coaxiality grinding sleeve (3), the large hole grinding sleeve (4), and the root grinding sleeve (5) can all be fitted onto the grinding rod (6). Only one of the coaxiality grinding sleeve (3), the large hole grinding sleeve (4), and the root grinding sleeve (5) can be fitted onto the grinding rod (6) at a time. The coaxiality grinding sleeve (3) is provided with a large-hole coaxial grinding section (3-6) and a small-hole coaxial grinding section (3-4), and the large-hole coaxial grinding section (3-6) and the small-hole coaxial grinding section (3-4) are arranged coaxially. The large-hole coaxial grinding section (3-6) is provided with grinding sections L1 and L2 (3-5) and grinding section L3 (3-3), the grinding sections L1 and L2 (3-5) and grinding section L3 (3-3) have the same diameter, and an annular groove (3-2) is opened on the large-hole coaxial grinding section (3-6), the annular groove (3-2) is located between grinding sections L1 and L2 (3-5) and grinding section L3 (3-3); The total length of the section between L1 segment (1-1), L2 segment (1-2) and L1 segment (1-1) and L2 segment (1-2) of the multi-ring groove stepped hole bushing is less than the total length of the L1L2 grinding section (3-5); The large-hole grinding sleeve (4) is provided with an L1L2 fine grinding section (4-1) and a first positioning surface (4-2). The distance between the L1L2 fine grinding section (4-1) and the first positioning surface (4-2) is 19mm. The grinding radius of the L1L2 fine grinding section (4-1) is 31.75mm. The working surface length of the L1L2 fine grinding section (4-1) is 24.5mm. The root grinding sleeve (5) is provided with an L3 fine grinding section (5-1) and a second positioning surface (5-2). The L3 fine grinding section (5-1) is adjacent to the second positioning surface (5-2). The grinding radius of the L3 fine grinding section (5-1) is 31.75 mm. The working surface length of the L3 fine grinding section (5-1) is greater than the length of the L3 section (1-3).

2. The grinding apparatus for the multi-ring groove stepped hole bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding rod (6) is provided with a clamping connection part (6-1), and the grinding head is clamped and connected to the clamping connection part (6-1) by a three-jaw chuck.

3. The grinding apparatus for the multi-ring groove stepped hole bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A hollow groove (3-1) is provided between the large-hole coaxial grinding section (3-6) and the small-hole coaxial grinding section (3-4), and the width of the hollow groove (3-1) is 2mm.

4. The grinding apparatus for the multi-ring groove stepped hole bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding diameter of the small hole coaxial grinding section (3-4) is 11 mm, and the length of the small hole coaxial grinding section (3-4) is 16.5 mm. The grinding diameter of the large hole coaxial grinding section (3-6) is 31.75 mm, and the length of the large hole coaxial grinding section (3-6) is 43.5 mm.

5. A grinding method for a multi-ring groove stepped hole bushing, using the grinding apparatus for the multi-ring groove stepped hole bushing as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The bushing large hole (1) and bushing small hole (2) are initially ground using a coordinate grinding machine. The initial grinding of the bushing large hole (1) and bushing small hole (2) is completed in one clamping operation. Coaxial rough grinding: The coaxiality grinding sleeve (3) is fitted onto the grinding rod (6), and the grinding rod (6) is fixed on the output end of the grinding head. The large hole coaxial grinding section (3-6) and the small hole coaxial grinding section (3-4) are used to rough grind the bushing large hole (1) and bushing small hole (2). W10 white corundum grinding paste is used during the grinding process. Fine grinding of bushing small hole (2): Use W7 white corundum grinding paste and small hole coaxial grinding section (3-4) to fine grind bushing small hole (2); Fine grinding of the L1 and L2 sections of the bushing large hole: The large hole grinding sleeve (4) is fitted onto the grinding rod (6), and the grinding rod (6) is fixed on the output end of the grinding head. W7 white corundum grinding paste and the large hole grinding sleeve (4) are used to finely grind the L1 section (1-1) and L2 section (1-2) of the bushing large hole (1). Fine grinding of the L3 section of the bushing large hole: The root grinding sleeve (5) is fitted onto the grinding rod (6), and the grinding rod (6) is fixed on the output end of the grinding head. W7 white corundum grinding paste and the root grinding sleeve (5) are used to finely grind the L3 section (1-3) of the bushing large hole (1). The bushing large hole was manually polished using 1000# polishing paper (1).

6. The grinding method for the multi-ring groove stepped hole bushing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The preliminary grinding of the bushing large hole (1) and bushing small hole (2) using a coordinate grinding machine is as follows: The bushing large hole (1) and bushing small hole (2) are pre-ground using a coordinate grinding machine and a set machining allowance is reserved. The cylindricity of the two holes is machined to within 0.008mm, the coaxiality is machined to within φ0.006mm, and the roughness is machined to within Ra0.

8.

7. The grinding method for the multi-ring groove stepped hole bushing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The coaxial rough grinding process involves a spindle speed of 250–400 r / min. After rough grinding, the taper of the bushing large hole (1) is less than or equal to 0.005 mm, leaving a fine grinding allowance of 0.02 mm; the taper of the bushing small hole (2) is less than or equal to 0.002 mm, leaving a fine grinding allowance of 0.01 mm.

Images