A coupler with a wear plate and a method of using the same

Abstract

The present invention discloses a vehicle coupler with a wear plate and a method for using the same, comprising two main tongue hooks that cooperate with each other, a buffer tongue hook movably installed on the surface of each main tongue hook, and two buffer tongue hooks that are connected to each other are arranged on the surface of the main tongue hook. When the main tongue hook is connected to other main tongue hooks, the main tongue hook will shake continuously during the driving of the vehicle, and the two buffer tongue hooks will move with the main tongue hooks. Under the action of multiple buffer components, the force generated by the collision of the buffer tongue hooks is reduced, and then the force generated by the collision of the main tongue hooks is reduced, and the friction between the main tongue hooks is weakened. Before the two main tongue hooks collide with each other, the buffer tongue hooks on the surface of the main tongue hooks will collide first, and the force generated by the collision of the main tongue hooks is transferred to the collision of the buffer tongue hooks. In addition, a wear area is arranged on the surface of the buffer tongue hook, so that maintenance personnel can observe the wear of the buffer tongue hook and replace the buffer tongue hook in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of anti-wear of vehicle couplers, in particular to a vehicle coupler with a wear plate and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The coupler is a hook at both ends of a train car or locomotive, which has the functions of connection, traction and buffering. The coupler is a vehicle component used to connect locomotives and vehicles or vehicles and vehicles, transmit traction and impact force, and keep a certain distance between vehicles. The coupler buffer device is a vehicle component used to connect vehicles, locomotives or EMUs, transmit traction, braking force and mitigate longitudinal impact force. It is composed of a coupler, buffer, hook tail frame, follower plate, etc., and is installed in the traction beam at the end of the vehicle chassis.

[0003] During use, the hooks on the two carriages are hooked together to achieve the purpose of connecting the carriages. During the movement of the carriages, the connection positions of the hooks of the two carriages often collide and rub frequently due to various reasons such as shaking, and the inner side and root of the hook tongue are prone to wear.

[0004] In the prior art, buffers are usually provided to mitigate the longitudinal impact and vibration caused by changes in locomotive traction during train operation or collisions between vehicles during starting, braking and shunting operations. The buffers have the function of dissipating impact and vibration between vehicles, thereby reducing the destructive effects on the vehicle structure and loaded cargo.

[0005] During the driving process of the vehicle, setting a buffer in the vehicle can only alleviate the vibration of the vehicle during driving. At the connection position of the hooks of the two carriages, the hook tongues of the two hooks are prone to friction due to the impact of the vehicle during driving, and the vibration pressure is too large, which makes the hook tongues of the hooks easy to rub. If the friction of the hook tongue on the hook is serious, the hook tongue needs to be replaced in time. However, the wear on the surface of the hook tongue is not easy to observe, and the two connected hooks are not easy to replace, so the staff cannot replace the hook tongue in time.

[0006] In the face of the above situation, how to prevent the coupler tongue from being subjected to excessive direct impact, friction and other forces during the collision, resulting in serious wear and tear and the inability to easily and promptly detect excessive wear of the coupler after wear, has become a problem that needs to be solved during the use of the coupler. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a coupler with a wear plate, which realizes that when the couplers are connected, the collision force between the two main tongue hooks is transferred to the buffer tongue hook on the surface of the main tongue hook, so that when the vehicle is driving, the two main tongue hooks can reduce the force generated by friction and reduce losses.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a coupler with a wear plate, comprising two main tongue hooks that cooperate with each other, a fixed plate is fixedly arranged on the surface of the main tongue hook, a buffer tongue hook is movably installed on the surface of the main tongue hook, and the buffer tongue hook is provided with a wear area protruding inwardly from the inner boundary of the main tongue hook.

[0009] A limit rod is fixedly arranged on the surface of the fixed plate, and a first buffer assembly connected to the buffer tongue hook is slidably arranged on the surface of the limit rod. The first buffer assembly is configured with a first damping member and a sliding block, the first damping member is fixedly connected to the buffer tongue hook, the first damping member is fixedly mounted on the sliding block, and the sliding block is slidably mounted on the limit rod.

[0010] A second buffer component is also arranged on the outer side of the limit rod and is connected to the first buffer component. The second buffer component includes a limit block fixedly arranged on the surface of the limit rod, extension plates installed on both sides of the limit block, and a second damping member arranged between the limit block and the sliding block.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the coupler structure of the present invention: the plate thickness of the buffer tongue hook is smaller than the plate thickness of the main tongue hook.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the coupler structure of the present invention: a connecting plate is fixedly provided at the bottom of the first damping member, and a mounting block is installed on the side of the buffer tongue hook.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the coupler structure of the present invention: fixing bolts connected to the mounting blocks are arranged on both sides of the connecting plate.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the coupler structure of the present invention: a fixed frame is fixedly provided on one side of the extension plate, and a blocking block is slidably installed inside the fixed frame, and the fixed frame and the blocking block are connected by a third damping member. Bumps are arranged on both sides of the sliding block, and the blocking block and the bumps are abutted, and both the blocking block and the bumps are triangular plate structures.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the coupler structure of the present invention: an opening for the movement of the blocking block is provided on the surface of the extension plate.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the coupler structure of the present invention: sliding plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the blocking block, and a sliding groove for the sliding plate to move is provided inside the fixed frame.

[0017] The present invention provides a method for using a coupler with a wear plate, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1. During the train running, the adjacent carriages shake, and a gap appears and expands between the two main tongue hooks;

[0019] S2. The interaction force in the wear area of ​​the buffer tongue hooks on the surface of the two main tongue hooks decreases and gradually moves away from each other;

[0020] S3. During the shaking of adjacent carriages, two buffer tongue hooks connected together collide with each other. Before the two buffer tongue hooks collide with each other, the wear areas of the two buffer tongue hooks collide with each other first.

[0021] S4. A portion of the potential energy generated by the collision of the wear areas of the two buffer tongue hooks is transferred to the first damping member and the second damping member.

[0022] S5. The first damping member and the second damping member are deformed, and the buffer tongue hook is elastically displaced under the guidance of the limit rod, the first buffer assembly, and the second buffer assembly structural member.

[0023] S6. After the two main tongue hooks are fully connected and contacted again, the wear areas of the two buffer tongue hooks approach each other under the guidance of the limit rod, the first buffer assembly, and the second buffer assembly structural parts until they are fully connected and contacted again.

[0024] S7. Repeat the contents of S1 to S6.

[0025] The present invention provides a coupler with a wear plate, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention arranges two mutually connected buffer tongue hooks on the surface of the main tongue hook. When the main tongue hook is connected to other main tongue hooks, the main tongue hook will shake continuously during the driving of the vehicle. During the shaking of the main tongue hook, the two buffer tongue hooks move along with the main tongue hook. Under the action of multiple buffer components, the interaction force generated by the collision between the two buffer tongue hooks is mitigated. In the case of elastic "over-boundary" intervention in the wear area, the force generated by the two main tongue hooks in the collision process is greatly mitigated, and the friction and impact between the two main tongue hooks are reduced. The surface of the buffer tongue hook is provided with a wear area, which is convenient for maintenance personnel to directly observe the wear condition of the buffer tongue hook and conveniently replace the buffer tongue hook.

[0027] The buffer tongue hook designed in the present invention has a much smaller thickness than the main tongue hook, and the buffer tongue hooks pre-act on each other, replacing the friction and impact of the main tongue hook which is expensive and difficult to replace in a low-cost and convenient manner, and has strong economic applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the main tongue hook and the buffer tongue hook of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the first buffer component of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the second buffer component of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. main tongue hook; 2. fixing plate; 3. buffer tongue hook, 301. wear area, 302. mounting block; 4. limiting rod; 5. first buffer assembly, 501. connecting plate, 502. fixing bolt, 503. first damping member, 504. sliding block, 505. protrusion; 6. second buffer assembly, 601. limiting block, 602. extension plate, 603. tension spring, 604. fixing frame, 605. second damping member, 606. blocking block, 607. sliding plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1: The present invention designs a coupler with a wear plate, which mainly includes the following contents:

[0036] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 A buffer tongue hook 3 is movably installed on the surface of the main tongue hook 1. The buffer tongue hook 3 is provided with a wear area 301 protruding inwardly from the inner side boundary of the main tongue hook 1. The plate thickness of the buffer tongue hook 3 is less than the plate thickness of the main tongue hook 1.

[0037] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 5 The main tongue hook 1 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 2, a limit rod 4 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the fixed plate 2, a first buffer assembly 5 is slidably arranged on the surface of the limit rod 4, and the first buffer assembly 5 is fixedly connected to the buffer tongue hook 3, wherein the first buffer assembly 5 includes a sliding block 504 slidably connected to the limit rod 4, protrusions 505 are arranged on both sides of the sliding block 504, and a first damping member 503 is fixedly arranged between the sliding block 504 and the buffer tongue hook 3, a connecting plate 501 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the first damping member 503, a mounting block 302 is installed on the side of the buffer tongue hook 3, and fixing bolts 502 connected with the mounting block 302 are arranged on both sides of the connecting plate 501. By setting the fixing bolts 502, it is convenient to disassemble and replace the buffer tongue hook 3.

[0038] Combination Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5A second buffer assembly 6 is also provided on the outer side of the limit rod 4, and the second buffer assembly 6 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 504. The second buffer assembly 6 includes a limit block 601 fixedly connected to the limit rod 4, and extension plates 602 are installed on both sides of the limit block 601, and a second damping member 603 is fixedly provided between the limit block 601 and the sliding block 504.

[0039] Combination Figure 4 , Figure 5 A fixed frame 604 is fixedly provided on one side of the extension plate 602, and a blocking block 606 is slidably installed inside the fixed frame 604. An opening is provided on the surface of the extension plate 602 for the blocking block 606 to move. The opening is provided on the surface of the extension plate 602 to facilitate the movement of the blocking block 606. The fixed frame 604 and the blocking block 606 are connected by a third damping member 605. Sliding plates 607 are fixedly connected on both sides of the blocking block 606, and a sliding groove is provided inside the fixed frame 604 for the sliding plate 607 to move. A sliding groove is provided inside the fixed frame 604 to facilitate the sliding of the sliding plate 607 and limit the position of the sliding plate 607. A sliding groove is provided inside the fixed frame 604 for the sliding plate 607 to slide and limit the position of the sliding plate 607. The fixing frame 604 has a sliding groove for the sliding plate 607 to move. The blocking block 606 abuts against the protrusion 505, and the blocking block 606 and the protrusion 505 are both arranged in a triangle. The blocking block 606 and the protrusion 505 are both arranged in a triangle to facilitate the protrusion 505 to squeeze the blocking block 606.

[0040] Embodiment 2, in the coupler structure of the present invention: a wear area 301 is set on the surface of the buffer tongue hook 3, so that the wear condition of the surface of the buffer tongue hook 3 can be intuitively seen, which is convenient for timely replacement of the buffer tongue hook 3, and the wear area 301 on the surface of the buffer tongue hook 3 is closer to the inside than the inner side of the main tongue hook 1, so that when the coupler collides, the buffer tongue hook 3 will collide first, wearing the wear area 301 on the surface of the buffer tongue hook 3, and after the buffer tongue hook 3 completes the collision, the main tongue hook 1 will continue to collide and connect, and at this time, the impact force of the main tongue hook 1 will be weakened, reducing the wear of the inner side of the main tongue hook 1 caused by the collision.

[0041] The structural thickness of the buffer tongue hook 3 is also very small. When the wear area 301 is severely worn, a new buffer tongue hook 3 can be directly replaced. The replacement is simple and the material cost is also very low.

[0042] Embodiment 3: The present invention provides a method for using a coupler with a wear plate, the specific contents of which are as follows:

[0043] Link 1: During the running of the train, due to the inevitable shaking of adjacent carriages, a gap is generated between the two main tongue hooks 1, and the gap will gradually expand with the shaking.

[0044] Link 2: Under this influence, the interaction force between the wear areas 301 on the buffer tongue hooks 3 on the surfaces of the two main tongue hooks 1 gradually decreases, and the two begin to gradually move away from each other.

[0045] Link 3: As the adjacent carriages continue to shake, the two connected buffer tongue hooks 3 will collide. Before the two buffer tongue hooks 3 collide as a whole, their respective wear areas 301 will first collide with each other.

[0046] Link 4: When the wear areas 301 of the two buffer tongue hooks 3 collide with each other, part of the potential energy generated will be transmitted to the first damping member 503 and the second damping member 603. It should be noted that part of the potential energy generated by the collision will be absorbed by the wear area 301 itself, and such collision for a long time will cause the wear area 301 to wear and deform.

[0047] Link 5: After receiving the potential energy, the first damping member 503 and the second damping member 603 will change their shapes, and at the same time, under the guidance of the structural components such as the limit rod 4, the first buffer assembly 5 and the second buffer assembly 6, the buffer tongue hook 3 will produce elastic displacement. Specifically, the sliding block 504 will drive the protrusion 505 to move, and the protrusion 505 will push the blocking block 606 during the movement, so that the blocking block 606 moves toward the inside of the fixed frame 604 under the squeezing force of the protrusion 505.

[0048] Step 6: When the two main tongue hooks 1 are fully connected together again, under the guidance of the limit rod 4, the first buffer assembly 5 and the second buffer assembly 6, the wear areas 301 of the two buffer tongue hooks 3 will gradually approach each other until they are fully connected and contacted again.

[0049] Step 7: Continue in this cycle, repeating the contents of Step 1 to Step 6.

[0050] Embodiment 4: During the use of the coupler of the present invention: the sliding block 504 drives the protrusion 505 to push the blocking block 606, and the blocking block 606 moves into the fixed frame 604 under the pressure of the protrusion 505. The two buffer tongue hooks 3 are close to each other and connected under the action of the second buffer component 6. Then the two main tongue hooks 1 are reconnected. The two buffer tongue hooks 3 are connected first. The force generated by the collision of the main tongue hooks 1 will be converted to the two buffer tongue hooks 3. The two buffer tongue hooks 3 will rub against each other. After the two buffer tongue hooks 3 collide, the two main tongue hooks 1 are connected to avoid excessive collision force generated by the direct connection of the two main tongue hooks 1, which causes excessive wear of the coupler. When the staff observes that the wear area 301 is damaged, remove the fixing bolt 502, separate the connecting plate 501 from the buffer tongue hook 3, and replace the buffer tongue hook 3.

[0051] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vehicle coupler with a wear plate, comprising two main tongue hooks (1) that cooperate with each other, a fixing plate (2) being fixedly arranged on the surface of the main tongue hooks (1), characterized in that: A buffer tongue hook (3) is movably mounted on the surface of the main tongue hook (1), and the buffer tongue hook (3) is provided with a wear area (301) protruding inwardly from the inner side boundary of the main tongue hook (1); A limiting rod (4) is fixedly arranged on the surface of the fixing plate (2), and a first buffer component (5) connected to the buffer tongue hook (3) is slidably arranged on the surface of the limiting rod (4); The first buffer assembly (5) is provided with a first damping member (503) and a sliding block (504); the first damping member (503) is fixedly connected to the buffer tongue hook (3); the first damping member (503) is fixedly mounted on the sliding block (504); and the sliding block (504) is slidably mounted on the limit rod (4); A second buffer component (6) is also provided on the outer side of the limit rod (4) and is connected to the first buffer component (5). The second buffer component (6) comprises a limit block (601) fixedly arranged on the surface of the limit rod (4), extension plates (602) installed on both sides of the limit block (601), and a second damping member (603) arranged between the limit block (601) and the sliding block (504).

2. A coupler with a wear plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plate thickness of the buffer tongue hook (3) is smaller than the plate thickness of the main tongue hook (1).

3. A coupler with a wear plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting plate (501) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the first damping member (503), and a mounting block (302) is installed on the side of the buffer tongue hook (3).

4. A coupler with a wear plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: Fixing bolts (502) connected to the mounting blocks (302) are provided on both sides of the connecting plate (501).

5. A coupler with a wear plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing frame (604) is fixedly provided on one side of the extension plate (602), and a blocking block (606) is slidably mounted inside the fixing frame (604), and the fixing frame (604) and the blocking block (606) are connected via a third damping member (605); The sliding block (504) is provided with protrusions (505) on both sides, the blocking block (606) abuts against the protrusions (505), and the blocking block (606) and the protrusions (505) are both triangular plate structures.

6. A coupler with a wear plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: An opening for the blocking block (606) to move is provided on the surface of the extension plate (602).

7. A coupler with a wear plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: Sliding plates (607) are fixedly connected to both sides of the blocking block (606), and a sliding groove for the sliding plate (607) to move is provided inside the fixed frame (604).

8. A method for using a coupler with a wear plate, characterized in that: A coupler with a wear plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following contents: S1. During the running of the train, the adjacent carriages shake, and a gap appears and expands between the two main tongue hooks (1); S2. The wear area (301) of the buffer tongue hook (3) on the surface of the two main tongue hooks (1) decreases in interaction force and gradually moves away from each other; S3. During the shaking of adjacent carriages, two buffer tongue hooks (3) connected together collide, and before the two buffer tongue hooks (3) collide and contact together, the wear areas (301) of the two buffer tongue hooks (3) collide and contact first; S4. A portion of the potential energy generated by the collision of the wear areas (301) of the two buffer tongue hooks (3) is transferred to the first damping member (503) and the second damping member (603); S5. The first damping member (503) and the second damping member (603) are deformed, and the buffer tongue hook (3) is elastically displaced under the guidance of the limit rod (4), the first buffer assembly (5), and the second buffer assembly (6); S6. After the two main tongue hooks (1) are fully connected and in contact again, the wear areas (301) of the two buffer tongue hooks (3) are moved closer to each other under the guidance of the limit rod (4), the first buffer assembly (5), and the second buffer assembly (6) until they are fully connected and in contact again; S7. Repeat the contents of S1 to S6.

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