Microbial conditioning agent for tobacco and rice crop rotation soil

Abstract

The invention relates to a microbial regulator, which is suitable for tobacco and rice crop rotation soil and comprises humic acid substances, natural diatomite, active lactic acid bacteria, phosphate dissolving bacteria, water and auxiliary materials. The humic acid substance is derived from cow dung compost and is naturally fermented; diatomite has high porosity and specific surface area. Microorganisms are cultured through liquid submerged fermentation, so that high viable count is ensured. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing, fermenting, adding water and auxiliary materials, and sterilizing. The auxiliary materials comprise trace element fertilizers and pH regulators, so that the soil environment is optimized, and the growth of crops is promoted. The conditioning agent can effectively improve the physicochemical properties of soil and enhance the fertility of the soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural biotechnology, in particular to a microbial regulator for tobacco and rice rotation soil. Background Art

[0002] In the vast field of agricultural production, the tobacco and rice rotation model is widely adopted due to its unique economic value and soil management advantages. This rotation model not only helps to balance soil nutrients and reduce the occurrence of diseases, but also improves soil structure and promotes soil health through the root activities of different crops. However, with the increasing degree of agricultural intensification and the extension of planting cycles, long-term tobacco and rice rotation has gradually exposed a series of problems, posing a severe challenge to the sustainability of agricultural production.

[0003] Including but not limited to: tobacco and rice have different requirements for soil nutrients. Long-term crop rotation may lead to excessive consumption or accumulation of certain nutrients in the soil, resulting in nutrient imbalance. For example, tobacco has a higher demand for macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, while rice has special requirements for trace elements such as silicon and zinc. If these nutrients are not replenished in time, the soil fertility will decline, affecting crop yield and quality;

[0004] Long-term farming and irrigation activities will change the physical properties of the soil, such as soil compaction, porosity, and aggregate stability. The root activities of tobacco and rice will also have a certain impact on the soil structure. Long-term crop rotation may aggravate the destruction of soil structure, leading to soil compaction, poor aeration, and reduced water and fertilizer retention capacity. These problems not only affect the root development and nutrient absorption of crops, but may also lead to soil erosion and degradation;

[0005] Also, although the rotation of tobacco and rice can reduce the occurrence of certain diseases to a certain extent, long-term planting may still lead to an increase in the number of pathogens and pests in the soil. These diseases not only harm the growth of crops, but may also be transmitted to the next round of crops through the soil, forming a vicious cycle. Traditional disease prevention methods mostly rely on the large-scale application of fertilizers and pesticides, which not only increases production costs, but also pollutes the environment and destroys the ecological balance.

[0006] Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a microbial regulator that can effectively improve the soil environment and promote the healthy growth of crops. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects and to provide a tobacco-rice rotation soil microbial regulator and a preparation method thereof.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A microbial regulator for tobacco and rice rotation soil, comprising the following components in percentage by weight:

[0010] Humic acid substances 10-20%;

[0011] Natural diatomaceous earth 5-15%;

[0012] Active lactic acid bacteria 1-3%;

[0013] Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria 1-3%;

[0014] The rest is water and auxiliary materials.

[0015] Furthermore, the humic acid substances are derived from cow dung compost and are naturally fermented for at least 6 months, with the temperature being maintained between 50-70°C during the fermentation process.

[0016] Furthermore, the natural diatomite has a particle size of less than 200 mesh, a porosity of more than 70%, an oil absorption rate of less than 70%, and a specific surface area of ​​more than 5m 2 / g.

[0017] Furthermore, the active lactic acid bacteria and phosphate-dissolving bacteria are cultured by liquid submerged fermentation, the fermentation period is not less than 7 days, and the number of viable bacteria is not less than 1×10^8 CFU / g;

[0018] The culture conditions of active lactic acid bacteria are 30-37°C, pH 5.5-6.5, logarithmic growth period culture time 18-24 hours, OD600 value 0.6-1.0;

[0019] The culture conditions of phosphate-dissolving bacteria are 25-30° C., pH 6.5-7.5, logarithmic growth phase culture time 20-28 hours, and OD600 value 0.8-1.2.

[0020] A method for preparing a microbial regulator, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0021] a) Mix humic acid substances and natural diatomaceous earth in proportion;

[0022] b) culturing active lactic acid bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria to logarithmic growth phases, respectively, and adding the resulting mixture to the mixture of step a);

[0023] c) Add appropriate amount of water and other auxiliary materials and stir thoroughly;

[0024] d) The final mixture is sterilized and cooled to obtain the finished product.

[0025] Furthermore, the sterilization treatment is carried out at 121° C. for 20 minutes.

[0026] Furthermore, the auxiliary materials include but are not limited to trace element fertilizers and pH regulators, which are used to improve the physical and chemical properties of the regulator.

[0027] Furthermore, the trace element fertilizer is selected from a combination of one or more of iron, manganese, zinc, and copper, and the pH regulator is selected from a combination of one or more of limestone powder, sulfuric acid, and sodium hydroxide.

[0028] Compared with traditional technologies, the advantages of the present invention are: 1. The present invention introduces humic acid substances rich in organic matter and multiple trace elements, as well as optional trace element fertilizers, to comprehensively and accurately supplement soil nutrients, effectively avoiding the nutrient imbalance and waste problems caused by the application of traditional chemical fertilizers, ensuring that tobacco and rice can obtain balanced nutritional support at different growth stages, and promoting the healthy growth and high yield of crops.

[0029] 2. In view of the damage to soil structure caused by long-term cultivation and irrigation, the present invention innovatively adds natural diatomaceous earth, whose high porosity, large specific surface area and suitable oil absorption rate significantly improve the soil structure, enhance the soil's air permeability and water and fertilizer retention capacity. At the same time, the addition of humic acid substances also promotes the agglomeration of soil particles, further consolidates the soil structure, effectively reduces soil compaction, and provides a more loose and breathable growth environment for crop roots.

[0030] 3. In order to cope with the threat of diseases to tobacco and rice rotation production, the present invention specially introduces beneficial microorganisms such as active lactic acid bacteria and phosphate-dissolving bacteria, and ensures high activity through liquid deep fermentation culture. These strains form a strong biological barrier in the soil, compete with pathogens for nutrients and living space, and effectively inhibit the reproduction and spread of pathogens. In addition, the secondary metabolites that may be produced during the natural fermentation process also enhance the biological control effect, reduce dependence on chemical pesticides, protect the ecological environment, and ensure the safety and health of agricultural products. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Here, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and unless otherwise indicated, the embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. Instead, they are only examples consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0032] The specific implementation methods of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] 1. Composition of microbial regulators

[0034] The present invention provides a microbial regulator for tobacco and rice rotation soil, the main components and their weight percentages of which are as follows:

[0035] Humic acid substances: 10-20%

[0036] Natural diatomaceous earth: 5-15%

[0037] Active lactic acid bacteria: 1-3%

[0038] Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria: 1-3%

[0039] The rest: water and auxiliary materials

[0040] 2. Source and treatment of humic acid substances

[0041] Humic acid substances are derived from cow dung compost and must undergo natural fermentation for at least 6 months. During the fermentation process, the temperature should be maintained between 50-70°C to ensure the quality of humic acid substances.

[0042] 3. Characteristics of natural diatomaceous earth

[0043] Natural diatomaceous earth must meet the following conditions: particle size less than 200 mesh, porosity greater than 70%, oil absorption less than 70%, specific surface area greater than 5m 2 / g to ensure its effectiveness in soil improvement.

[0044] 4. Cultivation of active lactic acid bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria

[0045] Active lactic acid bacteria and phosphate-dissolving bacteria are cultured through liquid deep fermentation, with a fermentation period of no less than 7 days and a live bacterial count of no less than 1×10^8 CFU / g. The specific culture conditions are as follows:

[0046] Active lactic acid bacteria: The culture conditions are 30-37°C, pH 5.5-6.5, logarithmic growth phase culture time is 18-24 hours, and OD600 value is 0.6-1.0.

[0047] Phosphate-dissolving bacteria: The culture conditions are 25-30°C, pH 6.5-7.5, logarithmic growth phase culture time is 20-28 hours, and OD600 value is 0.8-1.2.

[0048] 5. Preparation method

[0049] The method for preparing the microbial regulator comprises the following steps:

[0050] a) Mixed matrix: Mix humic acid substances and natural diatomaceous earth in proportion and evenly.

[0051] b) Adding live bacteria: Active lactic acid bacteria and phosphate-dissolving bacteria are cultured to the logarithmic growth phase, and then added to the mixture of step a).

[0052] c) Adding water and other auxiliary materials: Add appropriate amount of water and other auxiliary materials (trace element fertilizer and pH regulator) to the mixture obtained in step b), and stir well.

[0053] d) Sterilization: The final mixture of step c) is sterilized by wet heat sterilization at 121° C. for 20 minutes. After sterilization, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain a finished microbial regulator.

[0054] 6. Selection of auxiliary materials

[0055] Auxiliary materials include, but are not limited to, trace element fertilizers (a combination of iron, manganese, zinc, copper, etc.) and pH regulators (a combination of limestone powder, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, etc.) for improving the physical and chemical properties of the regulator.

[0056] Implementation steps

[0057] Prepare all the required ingredients and make sure they meet the above requirements.

[0058] Humic acid substances and natural diatomaceous earth are weighed according to weight percentage and mixed evenly.

[0059] Active lactic acid bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were cultured to the logarithmic growth phase according to the culture conditions.

[0060] Add the cultured live bacteria solution to the mixture in step 2.

[0061] Add appropriate amount of water and other auxiliary materials, trace element fertilizers and pH adjusters, and stir well.

[0062] The mixture was sterilized in an autoclave at 121°C for 20 minutes.

[0063] After sterilization is completed, the mixture is cooled to room temperature to obtain the finished microbial regulator.

[0064] Through the above specific implementation methods, the present invention aims to provide an effective microbial regulator to improve the problems of nutrient imbalance, structural damage and increased diseases in tobacco and rice rotation soil.

[0065] In order to verify the efficacy of the microbial regulator prepared according to the above embodiment, the present invention provides the following experiment:

[0066] Experiment 1: Verifying the effect of microbial regulators on improving soil nutrient status

[0067] Purpose

[0068] Evaluating the role of microbial regulators in improving soil nutrient availability.

[0069] Experimental Materials

[0070] Experimental fields

[0071] Microbial regulators

[0072] Conventional fertilizer (control group)

[0073] Soil samples

[0074] Soil testing equipment (soil nutrient analyzer)

[0075] Experimental procedures

[0076] (1) Preparation of experimental fields: Two similar experimental fields were selected, one of which was fertilized with microbial regulators (experimental group) and the other was fertilized with conventional fertilizers (control group).

[0077] (2) Application treatment: Before the experiment began, the same amount of microbial regulators and conventional fertilizers were applied to the experimental and control groups, respectively.

[0078] (3) Soil sampling: Soil samples were collected before and after the treatment and the nutrient content was tested.

[0079] (4) Data analysis: Compare the changes in the content of major nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil before and after the treatment, and record the data.

[0080] Experimental data

[0081]

[0082] Experimental analysis

[0083] By comparing the soil nutrient content before and after the treatment, it can be seen that the soil nutrient content of the experimental group is significantly higher than that of the control group, indicating that microbial regulators help improve the effectiveness of soil nutrients.

[0084] Experimental Results

[0085] Microbial regulators can effectively increase the content of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil and improve the soil nutrient conditions.

[0086] Experiment 2: Verifying the effect of microbial regulators on improving soil structure

[0087] Purpose

[0088] Evaluating the role of microbial regulators in improving soil physical properties.

[0089] Experimental Materials

[0090] Experimental fields

[0091] Microbial regulators

[0092] Conventional soil conditioner (control group)

[0093] Soil samples

[0094] Soil physical property testing equipment (soil density meter, porosity meter)

[0095] Experimental procedures

[0096] (1) Preparation of experimental fields: Two similar experimental fields were selected, one of which was treated with microbial regulators (experimental group) and the other with conventional soil conditioners (control group).

[0097] (2) Application treatment: Before the experiment began, the same amount of microbial regulators and conventional soil conditioners were applied to the experimental and control groups, respectively.

[0098] (3) Soil sampling: Soil samples were collected before and after the treatment and physical properties were tested.

[0099] (4) Data analysis: Compare the changes in soil physical properties such as density and porosity before and after treatment, and record the data.

[0100] Experimental data

[0101]

[0102] Experimental analysis

[0103] By comparing the physical properties of the soil before and after the treatment, it can be seen that the soil density of the experimental group decreased and the porosity increased, indicating that the microbial regulator helps to improve the soil structure.

[0104] Experimental Results

[0105] Microbial regulators can effectively reduce soil density, increase porosity and improve soil structure.

[0106] Experiment 3: Verifying the effect of microbial regulators in inhibiting diseases

[0107] Purpose

[0108] Evaluate the effectiveness of microbial regulators in suppressing soil diseases.

[0109] Experimental Materials

[0110] Experimental fields

[0111] Microbial regulators

[0112] Conventional prevention and treatment measures (control group)

[0113] Plant samples

[0114] Disease detection tools (microscope, disease identification software)

[0115] Experimental procedures

[0116] (1) Prepare the experimental field: Select two similar experimental fields, one of which is treated with microbial regulators (experimental group) and the other with conventional control measures (control group).

[0117] (2) Application treatment: Before the experiment began, microbial regulators and conventional control measures were applied to the experimental and control test fields, respectively.

[0118] (3) Plant monitoring: Regularly observe plant growth and record disease occurrence.

[0119] (4) Data analysis: Statistically compare the frequency and severity of diseases in the experimental group and the control group.

[0120] Experimental data

[0121]

[0122] Experimental analysis

[0123] By comparing the frequency and severity of diseases between the experimental and control groups, it can be seen that the number of disease occurrences in the experimental group was significantly less and the severity was also lower, indicating that microbial regulators can effectively inhibit diseases.

[0124] Experimental Results

[0125] Microbial regulators can effectively reduce the frequency and severity of diseases, showing good biological control effects.

[0126] in conclusion

[0127] Through the design and implementation of the above three experiments, we verified that the microbial regulators prepared according to the above steps and formulas have significant effects in improving soil nutrient status, soil structure and inhibiting diseases. These experimental results support the potential value of microbial regulators in practical applications.

[0128] The above is only one of the specific implementations of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the technical concept of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microbial regulator for tobacco and rice rotation soil, characterized in that: The conditioning agent contains the following ingredients in weight percentage: Humic acid substances 10-20%; Natural diatomaceous earth 5-15%; Active lactic acid bacteria 1-3%; Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria 1-3%; The rest is water and auxiliary materials.

2. The microbial regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that The humic acid substances are derived from cow dung compost and are naturally fermented for at least 6 months, with the temperature being maintained between 50-70° C. during the fermentation process.

3. The microbial regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that The natural diatomite has a particle size of less than 200 meshes, a porosity of more than 70%, an oil absorption rate of less than 70%, and a specific surface area of ​​more than 5m 2 / g.

4. The microbial regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that The active lactic acid bacteria and phosphate-dissolving bacteria are cultured by liquid submerged fermentation, the fermentation period is not less than 7 days, and the number of viable bacteria is not less than 1×10^8 CFU / g; The culture conditions of active lactic acid bacteria are 30-37°C, pH 5.5-6.5, logarithmic growth period culture time 18-24 hours, OD600 value 0.6-1.0; The culture conditions of phosphate-dissolving bacteria are 25-30° C., pH 6.5-7.5, logarithmic growth phase culture time 20-28 hours, and OD600 value 0.8-1.

2.

5. A method for preparing the microbial regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a) Mix humic acid substances and natural diatomaceous earth in proportion; b) culturing active lactic acid bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria to logarithmic growth phases, respectively, and adding the resulting mixture to the mixture of step a); c) Add appropriate amount of water and other auxiliary materials and stir thoroughly; d) The final mixture is sterilized and cooled to obtain the finished product.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sterilization treatment was carried out at 121°C for 20 minutes.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The auxiliary materials include but are not limited to trace element fertilizers and pH regulators, which are used to improve the physical and chemical properties of the regulator.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The trace element fertilizer is selected from a combination of one or more of iron, manganese, zinc and copper, and the pH regulator is selected from a combination of one or more of limestone powder, sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide.

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