River and lake phycomycete aggregate automatic tracking and enrichment sampling integrated device

Abstract

The invention provides a river and lake phycomycete aggregate automatic tracking and enrichment sampling integrated device. The device structurally comprises a collection device, the collecting device comprises a collecting cabin (19), a first electric telescopic rod (16), a piston plate (17) and a brush (18); the first electric telescopic rod (16), the first piston plate (17) and the brush (18) are all located in the collecting cabin (19), one end of the collecting cabin (19) is provided with a water inlet collecting port, the first piston plate (17) divides the inner space of the collecting cabin (19) into a left part and a right part, the first electric telescopic rod (16) is located on one side of the piston plate (17), and the brush (18) is located between the other side of the first piston plate (17) and the water inlet collecting port; according to the invention, the collection area can be covered more effectively, omission is reduced, and the collection process is more comprehensive and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an integrated device for automatic tracking and enrichment sampling of river and lake algae and fungi aggregates, belonging to the field of aquatic biological sample collection technology and water ecological protection. Background Art

[0002] The problem of water eutrophication has become a global challenge. In many river and lake ecosystems, excessive enrichment of nitrogen and phosphorus in water causes the frequency and intensity of algal blooms to increase, and the excessive reproduction of algal blooms will seriously damage the ecological balance of rivers and lakes. At the same time, algal epiphytes and algae will jointly produce certain harmful toxins, thereby endangering the ecological safety of rivers and lakes.

[0003] In algae-fungal aggregates, algae not only directly affect the ecological environment of rivers and lakes through their own metabolites, but also indirectly affect the ecological environment of rivers and lakes by affecting the metabolic activities of epiphytic bacteria. Existing studies have mainly focused on the community characteristics of phytoplankton and bacterioplankton and the interaction between the two (specifically the composition and diversity of heterotrophic bacteria attached to the algae, and the three types of interactions between algae and bacteria: nutrient exchange, signal transduction, and gene transfer). However, there are fewer studies on algae-fungal aggregates (specifically the community characteristics, construction mechanisms, and ecological functions of algae-fungal aggregates). Therefore, conducting research on algae-fungal aggregates has important scientific value.

[0004] In the study of algae and fungi aggregates, how to collect algae and fungi aggregates accurately and efficiently becomes a difficult point; currently, most of the methods for collecting algae and fungi aggregates provided in the literature mostly use a plankton net made of sieve silk to slowly drag and scoop in an "∞" shape on the surface of the water body, which is difficult to operate and cannot accurately select sampling points with a large number of algae and fungi aggregates, resulting in poor quantity and quality of the collected algae and fungi aggregates; if the selected sampling point is far away from the shore, the sampling of algae and fungi aggregates needs to be carried out by boat, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive and has certain limitations.

[0005] In addition, algae-fungus aggregates are a form of symbiosis between algae and fungi. The efficient collection of natural algae-fungus aggregates is conducive to the current needs of circular bioeconomy and sustainable development. Compared with traditional manual collection processes, if a device with lower energy consumption and higher algae-fungus aggregate enrichment sampling efficiency can be provided, it will have better resource recovery application prospects. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention proposes an integrated device for automatic tracking and enrichment sampling of river and lake algae and fungi aggregates, which aims to solve the problems of difficulty in collecting existing algae and fungi aggregates and inconvenience in extraction in rivers and lakes.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is: an integrated device for automatic tracking and enrichment sampling of river and lake algae and fungi aggregates, whose structure includes a collection device; the collection device includes a collection cabin 19, a first electric telescopic rod 16, a piston plate 17, and a brush 18; the first electric telescopic rod 16, the first piston plate 17, and the brush 18 are all located inside the collection cabin 19, and a water inlet collection port is provided at one end of the collection cabin 19. The first piston plate 17 divides the internal space of the collection cabin 19 into left and right parts, the first electric telescopic rod 16 is located on one side of the piston plate 17, and the brush 18 is located between the other side of the first piston plate 17 and the water inlet collection port.

[0008] Furthermore, the structure of the integrated device for automatic tracking and enrichment sampling of river and lake algae and fungi aggregates also includes a snorkeling device and a power device; wherein the collection device is fixedly connected to the snorkeling device, and the power device is electrically connected to the collection device and the snorkeling device respectively; and a filter screen 28 is provided at the water inlet of the collection cabin 19.

[0009] Furthermore, the brush 18 includes a forward-rotating carbon mesh 25, a reverse-rotating carbon mesh 26, and a central rotating rod; the central rotating rod includes a first rotating rod 29, a second rotating rod 30, a coaxial reversing mechanism 27, and a central fixed rod 23. One end of the central fixed rod 23 passes through the first piston plate 17 and abuts against the outer shell of one side of the collection cabin 19 and is fixedly connected. The other end of the central fixed rod 23 abuts against the outer shell of the other side of the collection cabin 19 and is fixedly connected. The length direction of the central fixed rod 23 is parallel to the overall length direction of the collection cabin 19. The first piston plate 17 can move left and right along the length direction of the central fixed rod 23. The first rotating rod 29 and the second rotating rod 30 are both hollow tubes. The first rotating rod 29 and the second rotating rod 30 are both sleeved in Around the central fixed rod 23, the length direction of the first rotating rod 29 and the second rotating rod 30 is parallel to the length direction of the central fixed rod 23, and the central fixed rod 23 passes through the first rotating rod 29 and the second rotating rod 30, and the first rotating rod 29 and the second rotating rod 30 can rotate relative to the central fixed rod 23; one end of the first rotating rod 29 is connected to the motor 22, and the other end of the first rotating rod 29 is connected to one end of the second rotating rod 30 through a coaxial reversing mechanism 27; a plurality of forward rotating carbon nets 25 are installed on the surrounding side surfaces of the first rotating rod 29, and a plurality of reverse rotating carbon nets 26 are installed on the surrounding side surfaces of the second rotating rod 30; the forward rotating carbon nets 25 and the reverse rotating carbon nets 26 are located between the inner wall of the collection cabin 19 and the central rotating rod.

[0010] Furthermore, each carbon mesh in the forward carbon mesh 25 and the reverse carbon mesh 26 adopts a multi-layer carbon mesh structure, each layer of the multi-layer carbon mesh is placed in parallel, and the meshes of two adjacent layers of carbon mesh are cross-staggered; the mesh aperture of each layer of the multi-layer carbon mesh is between 60 mesh and 300 mesh.

[0011] Furthermore, the coaxial reversing mechanism 27 includes a forward bevel gear 31, a reverse bevel gear 32, and a forward and reverse transmission device. The forward bevel gear 31 is sleeved on the surrounding side walls of the first rotating rod 29 and is fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating rod 29. The reverse bevel gear 32 is sleeved on the surrounding side walls of the second rotating rod 30 and is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating rod 30. The gear surface of the forward bevel gear 31 is opposite to the gear surface of the reverse bevel gear 32. The forward and reverse transmission device includes a first single-sided sprocket 33-1, a second single-sided sprocket 33-2, a third single-sided sprocket 33-3, and a fourth single-sided sprocket 33-4, the first single-sided sprocket 33-1, the second single-sided sprocket 33-2, the third single-sided sprocket 33-3, and the fourth single-sided sprocket 33-4 each include a conical tooth and a pulley; the conical tooth of the first single-sided sprocket 33-1 is meshed with the forward-rotating conical gear 31, and the other side of the conical tooth of the first single-sided sprocket 33-1 is fixedly connected to the side wall of one side of the pulley of the first single-sided sprocket 33-1, the conical tooth of the second single-sided sprocket 33-2 is meshed with the reverse-rotating conical gear 32, and the other side of the conical tooth of the second single-sided sprocket 33-2 is fixedly connected to the side wall of one side of the pulley of the second single-sided sprocket 33-2, and the first single-sided The pulley of the sprocket 33-1 is connected to the pulley of the second single-sided sprocket 33-2 through the first transmission rope 24-1; the conical teeth of the third single-sided sprocket 33-3 are meshed with the forward bevel gear 31, and the other side of the conical teeth of the third single-sided sprocket 33-3 is fixedly connected to the side wall of one side of the pulley of the first single-sided sprocket 33-3; the conical teeth of the fourth single-sided sprocket 33-4 are meshed with the reverse bevel gear 32, and the other side of the conical teeth of the fourth single-sided sprocket 33-4 is fixedly connected to the side wall of one side of the pulley of the fourth single-sided sprocket 33-4; the pulley of the third single-sided sprocket 33-3 is meshed with the fourth single-sided sprocket 33- The pulleys 33-4 and 33-5 are connected through the second transmission rope 24-2; the first single-sided sprocket 33-1 and the second single-sided sprocket 33-2 are on one side of the central fixed rod 23, and the third single-sided sprocket 33-3 and the fourth single-sided sprocket 33-4 are on the other side of the central fixed rod 23; the first single-sided sprocket 33-1, the second single-sided sprocket 33-2 and the first transmission rope 24-1 constitute a first forward and reverse transmission device, and the third single-sided sprocket 33-3, the fourth single-sided sprocket 33-4 and the second transmission rope 24-2 constitute a second forward and reverse transmission device, and the first forward and reverse transmission device is parallel to the second forward and reverse transmission device.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of forward-rotating carbon nets 25 are installed on the sides of the first rotating rod 29 , and a plurality of reverse-rotating carbon nets 26 are installed on the sides of the second rotating rod 30 ; a plurality of forward-rotating carbon nets 25 are distributed around the first rotating rod 29 , and a plurality of reverse-rotating carbon nets 26 are distributed around the second rotating rod 30 .

[0013] Furthermore, the snorkeling device includes a ballast tank 1 and a depth control device; the depth control device is located inside the ballast tank 1; the depth control device includes a snorkeling tank 7, a suction and discharge water pipe 8, a second piston plate 20, and a second electric telescopic rod 21. The second electric telescopic rod 21 and the second piston plate 20 are located inside the snorkeling tank 7, and one end of the snorkeling tank 7 is connected to the outside through the suction and discharge water pipe 8.

[0014] Furthermore, the snorkeling device also includes a waterproof light and camera 2, a pressure sensor 3, a laser distance sensor 4, a chlorophyll sensor 5, a PID automatic diving controller 6, a forward and backward propeller 11, and a left and right turning propeller 12; the pressure sensor 3, the laser distance sensor 4, and the chlorophyll sensor 5 are installed on the outside of the snorkeling tank 7, the pressure sensor 3, the laser distance sensor 4, and the chlorophyll sensor 5 are installed on the outside of the top of the snorkeling tank 7, the PID automatic diving controller 6 is installed on the inner surface of the cavity of the ballast tank 1, and the pressure sensor 3, the laser distance sensor 4, and the chlorophyll sensor 5 are all connected to the PID automatic diving controller 6; the waterproof light and camera 2, the forward and backward propeller 11, and the left and right turning propeller 12 are all installed on the outside of the ballast tank 1; a large number of tungsten shots 14 are placed at the bottom of the ballast tank 1.

[0015] Furthermore, the power device includes a first power supply 15-1, a second power supply 15-2, a composite circuit board 13, and an engine 9; the second power supply 15-2 is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 3, the laser distance sensor 4, the chlorophyll sensor 5, the PID automatic diving controller 6, the engine 9, and the second electric telescopic rod 21 respectively; the first power supply 15-1 is electrically connected to the motor 22 and the first electric telescopic rod 16.

[0016] Furthermore, there are a plurality of forward and backward propellers 11 and left and right propellers 12, each of which is driven by a separate engine 9, and a rubidium magnet 10 is installed between each forward and backward propeller 11 and each left and right propeller 12 and the corresponding engine 9.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1) The coaxial reversal mechanism of the present invention realizes the coaxial reversal function through the ingenious combination of bevel gears, transmission ropes, and single-side sprockets; the coaxial reversal mechanism realizes two or more mechanical parts rotating in opposite directions on the same axis. This design can generate stronger water flow disturbance, which helps to separate algae and fungi aggregates from the bottom of the water or attachments and guide them into the collection device, thereby improving the collection efficiency; through the complex water flow pattern generated by the reverse rotation, the present invention can more effectively cover the collection area, reduce omissions, and make the collection process more comprehensive and efficient; by further optimizing the structural design, the loss and damage of algae and fungi aggregates during the collection process can be reduced, ensuring that the collected samples have higher quality and integrity; 2) Through one-step optimization design, the present invention provides an integrated system that is simple and applicable, low in cost, easy to operate and manage, and has high efficiency in collecting and treating algae and fungi aggregates; when the concentration of algae and fungi aggregates is higher than a certain value, the system can automatically open the water inlet valve to start pumping, filtering, and enriching algae and fungi aggregates, thereby realizing automated operation and improving operating efficiency; 3) Through one-step optimization design, the depth control device can effectively control the diving depth and location of the entire device, making it easier to move to places with higher concentrations of algae and fungi aggregates, and complete efficient enrichment sampling work; automatic diving is achieved through pressure sensors and depth control devices, overcoming the inconvenience of traditional manual collection processes. Compared with traditional manual collection, it has lower energy consumption and better resource recovery prospects; 4) Through one-step optimization design, the double-layer carbon mesh structure in the brush adopts a double cross-hole filter structure, with a forward-rotating carbon mesh and a reverse-rotating carbon mesh as the brush body. The brush body is reversed while the first piston plate moves left and right, thereby making full use of the adsorption effect of the carbon mesh on algae and fungi aggregates to achieve efficient collection of algae and fungi aggregates; the enrichment sampling efficiency is high, the sampling volume is large, and the collection efficiency can be improved; 5) Through a one-step optimization design, the device can accurately track the location of algae aggregates and achieve precise sampling through sensing technology, which ensures the accuracy and reliability of the sampling results; the entire device can track the movement of algae aggregates in real time, so it can monitor the distribution of algae and bacteria in the water in real time; this is of great significance for timely detection of water quality problems and taking measures to deal with them. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Attached Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated device for automatic tracking and enrichment sampling of river and lake algae and fungi aggregates.

[0019] Attached Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collection device in the present invention.

[0020] Attached Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the coaxial reversal mechanism in the present invention.

[0021] In the attached figure, 1 is a ballast tank, 2 is a waterproof light and camera, 3 is a pressure sensor, 4 is a laser distance sensor, 5 is a chlorophyll sensor, 6 is a PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) automatic diving controller, 7 is a snorkeling tank, 8 is a suction and exhaust dual-purpose water pipe, 9 is an engine, 10 is a rubidium magnet, 11 is a forward and backward propeller, 12 is a left and right propeller, 13 is a composite circuit board, 14 is a tungsten shot, 15-1 is a first power supply, 15-2 is a second power supply, 16 is a first electric telescopic rod, 17 is a first piston plate, 18 is a brush, 19 is a collection cabin, 20 is a second piston plate, 21 is a second electric telescopic rod, The retracted rod, 22 is the motor, 23 is the central fixed rod, 24-1 is the first transmission rope, 24-2 is the second transmission rope, 25 is the forward carbon net, 26 is the reverse carbon net, 27 is the coaxial reversing mechanism, 28 is the filter screen, 29 is the first rotating rod, 30 is the second rotating rod, 31 is the forward bevel gear, 32 is the reverse bevel gear, 33-1 is the first single-sided sprocket, 33-2 is the second single-sided sprocket, 33-3 is the third single-sided sprocket, 33-4 is the fourth single-sided sprocket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] A device for automatically tracking and enriching river and lake algae and fungi aggregates and sampling integration, the structure of which includes a collection device; the collection device includes a collection cabin 19, a first electric telescopic rod 16, a piston plate 17, and a brush 18; the first electric telescopic rod 16, the first piston plate 17, and the brush 18 are all located inside the collection cabin 19, one end of the collection cabin 19 is provided with a water inlet collection port, the first piston plate 17 divides the internal space of the collection cabin 19 into left and right parts, the first electric telescopic rod 16 is located on one side of the piston plate 17, and the brush 18 is located between the other side of the first piston plate 17 and the water inlet collection port.

[0023] A device for automatically tracking and enriching river and lake algae and fungi aggregates and sampling is provided, and its structure also includes a snorkeling device and a power device; wherein the collection device is fixedly connected to the snorkeling device, and the power device is electrically connected to the collection device and the snorkeling device respectively; the collection device is preferably located above the snorkeling device; a filter screen 28 is provided at the water inlet of the collection cabin 19.

[0024] During operation, the first electric telescopic rod 16 drives the first piston plate 17 to move left and right inside the collection chamber 19. When the first electric telescopic rod 16 drives the first piston plate 17 to move away from the water inlet collection port, water is sucked into the collection chamber 19. When water flows through the brush 18 between the first piston plate 17 and the water inlet collection port, algae and fungi aggregates in the water body are collected on the brush 18. The filter screen 28 arranged at the water inlet collection port can filter out large impurities such as gravel, so as to prevent large impurities from entering the collection chamber 19 and affecting the collection of algae and fungi aggregates in the water body by the brush 18. The filter screen 28 is preferably a stainless steel filter screen, and the filter screen 28 is further preferably a 60-mesh stainless steel mesh. The 60-mesh stainless steel mesh has a large mesh size and can initially block large impurities to ensure that impurity clogging is not easily caused.

[0025] The brush 18 includes a forward-rotating carbon mesh 25, a reverse-rotating carbon mesh 26, and a central rotating rod; the central rotating rod includes a first rotating rod 29, a second rotating rod 30, a coaxial reverse mechanism 27, and a central fixed rod 23. One end of the central fixed rod 23 passes through the first piston plate 17 and abuts against the outer shell of one side of the collection cabin 19 and is fixedly connected. The other end of the central fixed rod 23 abuts against the outer shell of the other side of the collection cabin 19 and is fixedly connected. The length direction of the central fixed rod 23 is parallel to the overall length direction of the collection cabin 19. The first piston plate 17 can move left and right along the length direction of the central fixed rod 23; preferably, the first piston plate 17 can move left and right along the length direction of the central fixed rod 23 between the first rotating rod 29 and the first electric telescopic rod 16, and the first electric telescopic rod 16 is preferably fixed on the central fixed rod 23; the first rotating rod 29 and the second rotating rod 30 are both hollow tubes, and the first rotating rod 29 and the second rotating rod 30 are both sleeved on the outer periphery of the central fixed rod 23. The length direction of the first rotating rod 29 and the second rotating rod 30 is parallel to the length direction of the central fixed rod 23. The length direction is parallel to the center fixed rod 23, the center fixed rod 23 passes through the first rotating rod 29 and the second rotating rod 30, and the first rotating rod 29 and the second rotating rod 30 can rotate relative to the center fixed rod 23; one end of the first rotating rod 29 is connected to the motor 22, and the other end of the first rotating rod 29 is connected to one end of the second rotating rod 30 through the coaxial reversing mechanism 27; a plurality of positive rotating carbon nets 25 are installed on the surrounding side surfaces of the first rotating rod 29, and a plurality of reverse carbon nets 26 are installed on the surrounding side surfaces of the second rotating rod 30; the positive rotating carbon nets 25 and the reverse carbon nets 26 are located between the inner wall of the collection cabin 19 and the center rotating rod; the motor 22 is preferably fixed on the center fixed rod 23 and located between the first piston plate 17 and the first rotating rod 29; when working, the first rotating rod 29 rotates forwardly driven by the motor 22, wherein the positive rotating carbon net 25 rotates forwardly driven by the first rotating rod 29, the first rotating rod 29 drives the second rotating rod 30 to rotate reversely through the coaxial reversing mechanism 27, and the reverse carbon net 26 rotates reversely driven by the second rotating rod 30;Driven by the forward-rotating carbon net 25 and the reverse-rotating carbon net 26, the water flowing left and right along the length direction of the collection chamber 19 driven by the first piston plate 17 forms a rotating flow. For example, when the water first passes through the reverse-rotating carbon net 26, the water forms a certain reverse-rotating flow under the stirring of the reverse-rotating carbon net 26. When the reverse-rotating water flows to the forward-rotating carbon net 25, since the forward-rotating carbon net 25 is rotating in the forward direction, the reverse-rotating water impacts the forward-rotating forward carbon net 25. The forward carbon net 25 is in full contact with the water flow, and the collection effect of algae and fungi aggregates in the water is better. Similarly, when the water flow first passes through the forward carbon net 25, the water flow forms a certain forward rotation flow under the stirring of the forward carbon net 25. When the forward rotating water flows to the reverse carbon net 26, since the reverse carbon net 26 rotates in the reverse direction, the forward rotating water and the reverse rotating reverse carbon net 26 form an impact, so that the reverse carbon net 26 is in full contact with the water flow, which also promotes the collection effect of algae and fungi aggregates in the water. ;

[0026] The different direction rotation of the forward rotating carbon net 25 and the reverse rotating carbon net 26 combined with the left and right inflow and outflow of water along the length direction of the central rotating rod ensures that the collected algae and fungi aggregates are locked between the forward rotating carbon net 25 and the reverse rotating carbon net 26, avoiding the algae and fungi aggregates collected on the carbon net from being carried away by the discharge water flowing in the opposite direction during drainage.

[0027] The coaxial reversing mechanism 27 includes a forward bevel gear 31, a reverse bevel gear 32, and a forward and reverse transmission device. The forward bevel gear 31 is sleeved on the surrounding side walls of the first rotating rod 29 and is fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating rod 29. The reverse bevel gear 32 is sleeved on the surrounding side walls of the second rotating rod 30 and is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating rod 30. The gear surface of the forward bevel gear 31 is opposite to the gear surface of the reverse bevel gear 32; the forward and reverse transmission device includes a first single-sided sprocket 33-1, a second single-sided sprocket 33-2, a third single-sided sprocket 33-3, a fourth single-sided sprocket 33-4, and the first single-sided sprocket 33-1, the second single-sided sprocket 33-2, the third single-sided sprocket 33-3, and the fourth single-sided sprocket 33-4 each include a conical tooth and a pulley; the conical tooth of the first single-sided sprocket 33-1 meshes with the forward-rotating conical gear 31, the other side of the conical tooth of the first single-sided sprocket 33-1 is fixedly connected to the side wall of one side of the pulley of the first single-sided sprocket 33-1, the conical tooth of the second single-sided sprocket 33-2 meshes with the reverse-rotating conical gear 32, the other side of the conical tooth of the second single-sided sprocket 33-2 is fixedly connected to the side wall of one side of the pulley of the second single-sided sprocket 33-2, the pulley of the first single-sided sprocket 33-1 is connected to the second single-sided sprocket 3 The pulleys of 3-2 are connected through the first transmission rope 24-1; the conical teeth of the third single-sided sprocket 33-3 are meshed with the forward rotating bevel gear 31, the other side of the conical teeth of the third single-sided sprocket 33-3 is fixedly connected to the side wall of one side of the pulley of the first single-sided sprocket 33-3, the conical teeth of the fourth single-sided sprocket 33-4 are meshed with the reverse rotating bevel gear 32, the other side of the conical teeth of the fourth single-sided sprocket 33-4 is fixedly connected to the side wall of one side of the pulley of the fourth single-sided sprocket 33-4, the pulley of the third single-sided sprocket 33-3 is connected to the pulley of the fourth single-sided sprocket 33-4 through the second transmission rope 24-2; The first transmission rope 24-1 and the second transmission rope 24-2 are preferably V-belts; the first single-sided sprocket 33-1 and the second single-sided sprocket 33-2 are on one side of the central fixed rod 23, and the third single-sided sprocket 33-3 and the fourth single-sided sprocket 33-4 are on the other side of the central fixed rod 23; the first single-sided sprocket 33-1, the second single-sided sprocket 33-2, and the first transmission rope 24-1 constitute a first forward and reverse transmission device, and the third single-sided sprocket 33-3, the fourth single-sided sprocket 33-4, and the second transmission rope 24-2 constitute a second forward and reverse transmission device, and the first forward and reverse transmission device is parallel to the second forward and reverse transmission device;During operation, the motor 22 drives the first rotating rod 29 to rotate in a certain direction, and the first rotating rod 29 drives the forward rotating bevel gear 31 to rotate in the same direction. The forward rotating bevel gear 31 drives the bevel teeth of the first single-sided sprocket 33-1 and the bevel teeth of the third single-sided sprocket 33-3 to rotate, so as to realize the 90° transmission from the forward rotating bevel gear 31 to the first single-sided sprocket 33-1 and the third single-sided sprocket 33-3. The first single-sided sprocket 33-1 drives the second single-sided sprocket 33-2 to rotate through the first transmission rope 24-1, and the third single-sided sprocket 33-3 drives the second single-sided sprocket 33-3 to rotate through the second transmission rope 24-1. The rope 24-2 drives the fourth single-sided sprocket 33-4 to rotate, and finally drives the second rotating rod 30 to rotate through the interaction between the bevel teeth of the third single-sided sprocket 33-3 and the bevel teeth of the fourth single-sided sprocket 33-4 and the reverse bevel gear 32, and realizes that the rotation direction of the second rotating rod 30 is opposite to the rotation direction of the first rotating rod 29, and the first rotating rod 29 and the second rotating rod 30 respectively drive the forward carbon net 25 and the reverse carbon net 26 to rotate, and the rotation direction of the forward carbon net 25 and the rotation direction of the reverse carbon net 26 are also opposite to each other, thereby realizing the coaxial reversal function. ;

[0028] The present invention has greater flexibility, and is convenient for flexibly changing the spacing between the first rotating rod 29 and the second rotating rod 30 by changing the length of the first transmission rope 24-1, the second transmission rope 24-2 and the positions of the first rotating rod 29, the second rotating rod 30 on the central fixed rod 23. This advantage enables the use of small gears to achieve long-spacing coaxial reversal, so that the long-spacing coaxial reversal mechanism can also be very light; in addition, the present invention is not easily affected by the outside world: the power between the first rotating rod 29 and the second rotating rod 30 is transmitted by connecting the first transmission rope 24-1 and the second transmission rope 24-2, which is less likely to be interfered by impurities and cause jamming compared to the prior art. There are more impurities such as sand and gravel when working underwater, so the advantages of the present invention are more obvious when working underwater.

[0029] A number of forward-rotating carbon nets 25 are installed on the sides of the first rotating rod 29, and a number of reverse-rotating carbon nets 26 are installed on the sides of the second rotating rod 30; the number of forward-rotating carbon nets 25 are distributed around the first rotating rod 29, and the number of reverse-rotating carbon nets 26 are distributed around the second rotating rod 30; the number of forward-rotating carbon nets 25 are preferably four-sided forward-rotating carbon nets 25, and the angles between the number of forward-rotating carbon nets 25 are preferably 90°, the number of reverse-rotating carbon nets 26 are preferably four-sided reverse-rotating carbon nets 26, and the angles between the number of reverse-rotating carbon nets 26 are also preferably 90°, and the spacing between the forward-rotating carbon nets 25 and the reverse-rotating carbon nets 26 is preferably 10 cm.

[0030] The snorkeling device comprises a ballast tank 1 and a depth control device; the depth control device is located inside the ballast tank 1; the depth control device comprises a snorkeling tank 7, a suction and discharge water pipe 8, a second piston plate 20, and a second electric telescopic rod 21, wherein the second electric telescopic rod 21 and the second piston plate 20 are located inside the snorkeling tank 7, and one end of the snorkeling tank 7 is connected to the outside through the suction and discharge water pipe 8; when working, the second electric telescopic rod 21 is placed inside the snorkeling tank 7 to control and push the second piston plate 20 to move left and right, and when the second piston plate 20 moves in the snorkeling tank 7 away from the suction and discharge water pipe 8, the external water is sucked into the snorkeling tank 7, and when the second piston plate 20 moves in the snorkeling tank 7 toward the suction and discharge water pipe 8, the water sucked into the snorkeling tank 7 is drained again, and the snorkeling tank 7 is connected to the external environment through the suction and discharge water pipe 8 to complete the suction or discharge of external water into the snorkeling tank 7 as needed, so as to realize the up and down floating of the snorkeling device in the water and drive the collection device to adjust the up and down position in the water.

[0031] A large number of tungsten balls 14 are placed at the bottom of the ballast tank 1, and the tungsten balls 14 can ensure the stability of the snorkeling device in the water.

[0032] The snorkeling device also includes a waterproof light and camera 2, a pressure sensor 3, a laser distance sensor 4, a chlorophyll sensor 5, a PID automatic diving controller 6, a forward and backward propeller 11, and a left and right propeller 12; the pressure sensor 3, the laser distance sensor 4, and the chlorophyll sensor 5 are installed on the outside of the snorkeling tank 7, and the pressure sensor 3, the laser distance sensor 4, and the chlorophyll sensor 5 are preferably installed on the top outside of the snorkeling tank 7, and the PID automatic diving controller 6 is preferably installed on the inner surface of the cavity of the ballast tank 1, and the pressure sensor 3, the laser distance sensor 4, and the chlorophyll sensor 5 are all connected to the PID automatic diving controller 6; the waterproof light and camera 2, The forward and backward propellers 11 and the left and right propellers 12 are all installed on the outside of the ballast tank 1; when the snorkeling device is working: when it moves to the snorkeling tank 7 to absorb water through the second piston plate 20, the water absorption and weight increase cause the snorkeling device to start diving, and then the pressure sensor 3 and the laser distance sensor 4 return data to the PID automatic diving controller 6 to automatically control the diving depth to a certain underwater depth, preferably to 0.5m underwater. Next, the underwater situation is observed through the waterproof light and camera 2 to find the collection area through the forward and backward propellers 11 and the left and right propellers 12, and then the chlorophyll concentration is identified through the chlorophyll sensor 5. When the chlorophyll concentration is higher than 20 μg / L, the collection device will be started through the PID automatic diving controller 6 to start pumping water, filtering, and collecting algae and fungi aggregates. A large number of tungsten balls 14 installed below the snorkeling device are used to maintain the overall balance of the device.

[0033] The power device includes a first power supply 15-1, a second power supply 15-2, a composite circuit board 13, and an engine 9; the second power supply 15-2 is electrically connected to a pressure sensor 3, a laser distance sensor 4, a chlorophyll sensor 5, a PID automatic diving controller 6, an engine 9, and a second electric telescopic rod 21, respectively, and the second power supply 15-2 is preferably connected to the engine 9 and the second electric telescopic rod 21 through a composite circuit board 13; there are several engines 9, and the several engines 9 respectively provide power for the forward and backward propellers 11 and the left and right turning propellers 12 outside the ballast tank 1; the first power supply 15-1 is electrically connected to a motor 22 and a first electric telescopic rod 16. When working, the first power supply 15-1 supplies power to the motor 22 and the first electric telescopic rod 16, and preferably controls the first power supply 15-1 through the PID automatic diving controller 6 to start or stop supplying power to the motor 22 and the first electric telescopic rod 16.

[0034] The forward and backward propellers 11 and the left and right turning propellers 12 are preferably multiple, each of the forward and backward propellers 11 and each of the left and right turning propellers 12 are driven by a separate engine 9, and a rubidium magnet 10 is installed between each of the forward and backward propellers 11 and each of the left and right turning propellers 12 and the corresponding engine 9, and the magnetic coupling principle is used to prevent water from entering and the engine 9 from getting stuck and burning; in the present invention, the left and right turning propellers 12 and the forward and backward propellers 11 can control the forward and backward movement and the steering, and the power device provides the forward and backward movement and steering power for the entire device.

[0035] Each carbon mesh in the forward carbon mesh 25 and the reverse carbon mesh 26 adopts a structure of several layers of carbon mesh, each layer of the carbon mesh in the several layers of carbon mesh is placed in parallel, and the meshes of two adjacent layers of carbon mesh are cross-staggered; the mesh aperture of each layer of the carbon mesh in the several layers of carbon mesh is between 60 mesh and 300 mesh, and is further preferably a carbon mesh with an aperture of 150 mesh or a carbon mesh with an aperture of 200 mesh; the cross-hole design enhances the mechanical strength of the carbon mesh, reduces the risk of deformation and damage caused by water flow impact, and based on the principle of multi-stage filtration, the cross-hole carbon mesh structure has better mechanical properties than the single-layer carbon mesh structure. Good collection effect; the two layers of carbon mesh are placed in parallel with an appropriate spacing, preferably 1mm. The appropriate spacing helps to maintain the stability of the carbon mesh, prevent blockage and wear, and improve the collection efficiency to a certain extent; a smaller spacing means that impurities and particles are more likely to accumulate between the two layers of carbon mesh, thereby increasing the risk of blockage; blockage will not only affect the filtering effect, but also may cause poor water flow, and even require frequent cleaning or replacement of the carbon mesh; a larger spacing will affect the stability of the double-layer carbon mesh structure; especially under high water flow impact, a larger spacing may cause the relative position between the carbon meshes to change, affecting the filtering effect and service life; the principle of parallel placement is also to make the water flow smoothly to reduce resistance, reduce the risk of blockage, and increase collection efficiency; the filter screen 28 of the present invention has a large mesh size, which can initially block large impurities while not easily causing impurity blockage. The 150-mesh and 200-mesh forward carbon mesh 25 and reverse carbon mesh 26 are combined with a cross-hole filter structure to collect algae and fungi aggregates. Since the diameter of algae and fungi aggregates in the water is mostly between 60 mesh and 300 mesh, and the cross 150 ~200 mesh carbon net algae and fungus aggregates are basically unable to pass through, so it shows excellent capture performance and flow performance, not only can it effectively intercept target algae, capture tiny algae cells, and preliminarily separate algae of different diameters, but also can reduce filter resistance and improve water flow efficiency; the forward carbon net 25 and the reverse carbon net 26 are further preferably adopted a double-layer carbon net structure, so that the carbon net has a stronger adsorption effect on algae and is easier to enrich more algae. If the number of carbon net layers is too much, it will block the flow of water, increase the filter resistance, and slow down the collection speed.

Claims

1. An integrated device for automatic tracking and enrichment sampling of river and lake algae and fungi aggregates, characterized by: The invention comprises a collection device; the collection device comprises a collection chamber (19), a first electric telescopic rod (16), a piston plate (17), and a brush (18); the first electric telescopic rod (16), the first piston plate (17), and the brush (18) are all located inside the collection chamber (19); one end of the collection chamber (19) is provided with a water inlet collection port; the first piston plate (17) divides the internal space of the collection chamber (19) into left and right parts; the first electric telescopic rod (16) is located on one side of the piston plate (17); and the brush (18) is located between the other side of the first piston plate (17) and the water inlet collection port.

2. The device for automatically tracking and enriching river and lake algae and fungi aggregates according to claim 1 is characterized in that It also includes a snorkeling device and a power device; wherein the collection device is fixedly connected to the snorkeling device, and the power device is electrically connected to the collection device and the snorkeling device respectively; and a filter screen (28) is provided at the water inlet of the collection cabin (19).

3. The integrated device for automatic tracking and enrichment sampling of river and lake algae and fungi aggregates according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The brush (18) comprises a forward-rotating carbon net (25), a reverse-rotating carbon net (26), and a central rotating rod; the central rotating rod comprises a first rotating rod (29), a second rotating rod (30), a coaxial reverse mechanism (27), and a central fixed rod (23); one end of the central fixed rod (23) passes through the first piston plate (17) and abuts against the outer shell of one side of the collection chamber (19) and is fixedly connected; the other end of the central fixed rod (23) abuts against the outer shell of the other side of the collection chamber (19) and is fixedly connected; the length direction of the central fixed rod (23) is parallel to the overall length direction of the collection chamber (19); the first piston plate (17) can move left and right along the length direction of the central fixed rod (23); the first rotating rod (29) and the second rotating rod (30) are both hollow tubes; the first rotating rod (29) and the second rotating rod (30) are both sleeved on the central fixed rod (23) periphery, the length direction of the first rotating rod (29) and the second rotating rod (30) is parallel to the length direction of the central fixed rod (23), the central fixed rod (23) passes through the first rotating rod (29) and the second rotating rod (30), and the first rotating rod (29) and the second rotating rod (30) can rotate relative to the central fixed rod (23); one end of the first rotating rod (29) is connected to the motor (22), and the other end of the first rotating rod (29) is connected to one end of the second rotating rod (30) through a coaxial reversing mechanism (27); a plurality of forward-rotating carbon nets (25) are installed on the surrounding side surfaces of the first rotating rod (29), and a plurality of reverse-rotating carbon nets (26) are installed on the surrounding side surfaces of the second rotating rod (30); the forward-rotating carbon nets (25) and the reverse-rotating carbon nets (26) are located between the inner wall of the collection chamber (19) and the central rotating rod.

4. The integrated device for automatic tracking and enrichment sampling of river and lake algae and fungi aggregates according to claim 3 is characterized by: Each carbon mesh in the forward carbon mesh (25) and the reverse carbon mesh (26) adopts a structure of several layers of carbon mesh, each layer of the several layers of carbon mesh is placed in parallel, and the mesh holes of two adjacent layers of carbon mesh are cross-staggered; the mesh hole diameter of each layer of the several layers of carbon mesh is between 60 mesh and 300 mesh.

5. The integrated device for automatic tracking and enrichment sampling of river and lake algae and fungi aggregates according to claim 3 is characterized by: The coaxial reversing mechanism (27) comprises a forward bevel gear (31), a reverse bevel gear (32), and a forward and reverse transmission device. The forward bevel gear (31) is sleeved on the surrounding side walls of the first rotating rod (29) and is fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating rod (29). The reverse bevel gear (32) is sleeved on the surrounding side walls of the second rotating rod (30) and is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating rod (30). The gear surface of the forward bevel gear (31) is opposite to the gear surface of the reverse bevel gear (32). The forward and reverse transmission device comprises a first single-sided sprocket (33-1), a second single-sided sprocket (33-2), a third single-sided sprocket (33-3), and a fourth single-sided sprocket (33-4). 3-4), the first single-sided sprocket (33-1), the second single-sided sprocket (33-2), the third single-sided sprocket (33-3), and the fourth single-sided sprocket (33-4) all include a conical tooth and a pulley; the conical tooth of the first single-sided sprocket (33-1) meshes with the forward-rotating conical gear (31), the other side of the conical tooth of the first single-sided sprocket (33-1) is fixedly connected to the side wall of one side of the pulley of the first single-sided sprocket (33-1), the conical tooth of the second single-sided sprocket (33-2) meshes with the reverse-rotating conical gear (32), the other side of the conical tooth of the second single-sided sprocket (33-2) is fixedly connected to the side wall of one side of the pulley of the second single-sided sprocket (33-2), the first single-sided sprocket The belt pulley (33-1) is connected to the belt pulley of the second single-sided sprocket (33-2) through a first transmission rope (24-1); the conical teeth of the third single-sided sprocket (33-3) are meshed with the forward-rotating conical gear (31); the other side of the conical teeth of the third single-sided sprocket (33-3) is fixedly connected to the side wall of one side of the belt pulley of the first single-sided sprocket (33-3); the conical teeth of the fourth single-sided sprocket (33-4) are meshed with the reverse-rotating conical gear (32); the other side of the conical teeth of the fourth single-sided sprocket (33-4) is fixedly connected to the side wall of one side of the belt pulley of the fourth single-sided sprocket (33-4); the belt pulley of the third single-sided sprocket (33-3) is meshed with the fourth single-sided sprocket (33-4); The pulleys are connected by a second transmission rope (24-2); the first single-sided sprocket (33-1) and the second single-sided sprocket (33-2) are on one side of the central fixed rod (23), and the third single-sided sprocket (33-3) and the fourth single-sided sprocket (33-4) are on the other side of the central fixed rod (23); the first single-sided sprocket (33-1), the second single-sided sprocket (33-2) and the first transmission rope (24-1) form a first forward and reverse transmission device, and the third single-sided sprocket (33-3), the fourth single-sided sprocket (33-4) and the second transmission rope (24-2) form a second forward and reverse transmission device, and the first forward and reverse transmission device is parallel to the second forward and reverse transmission device.

6. The integrated device for automatic tracking and enrichment sampling of river and lake algae and fungi aggregates according to claim 3 is characterized by: A plurality of forward-rotating carbon nets (25) are installed on the sides of the first rotating rod (29), and a plurality of reverse-rotating carbon nets (26) are installed on the sides of the second rotating rod (30); the plurality of forward-rotating carbon nets (25) are distributed around the first rotating rod (29), and the plurality of reverse-rotating carbon nets (26) are distributed around the second rotating rod (30).

7. The integrated device for automatic tracking and enrichment sampling of river and lake algae and fungi aggregates according to claim 2 is characterized by: The snorkeling device comprises a ballast tank (1) and a depth control device; the depth control device is located inside the ballast tank (1); the depth control device comprises a snorkeling tank (7), a dual-purpose suction and discharge water pipe (8), a second piston plate (20), and a second electric telescopic rod (21); the second electric telescopic rod (21) and the second piston plate (20) are located inside the snorkeling tank (7); one end of the snorkeling tank (7) is connected to the outside through the dual-purpose suction and discharge water pipe (8).

8. The integrated device for automatic tracking and enrichment sampling of river and lake algae and fungi aggregates according to claim 2 is characterized by: The snorkeling device further comprises a waterproof light and camera (2), a pressure sensor (3), a laser distance sensor (4), a chlorophyll sensor (5), a PID automatic diving controller (6), a forward and backward propeller (11), and a left and right rotating propeller (12); the pressure sensor (3), the laser distance sensor (4), and the chlorophyll sensor (5) are mounted on the outside of the snorkeling tank (7); the pressure sensor (3), the laser distance sensor (4), and the chlorophyll sensor (5) are mounted on the outside of the top of the snorkeling tank (7); the PID automatic diving controller (6) is mounted on the inner surface of the cavity of the ballast tank (1); the pressure sensor (3), the laser distance sensor (4), and the chlorophyll sensor (5) are all connected to the PID automatic diving controller (6); the waterproof light and camera (2), the forward and backward propeller (11), and the left and right rotating propeller (12) are all mounted on the outside of the ballast tank (1); and a large amount of tungsten balls (14) are placed at the bottom of the ballast tank (1).

9. The integrated device for automatic tracking and enrichment sampling of river and lake algae and fungi aggregates according to claim 2 is characterized by: The power device comprises a first power source (15-1), a second power source (15-2), a composite circuit board (13), and an engine (9); the second power source (15-2) is electrically connected to a pressure sensor (3), a laser distance sensor (4), a chlorophyll sensor (5), a PID automatic diving controller (6), the engine (9), and a second electric telescopic rod (21); and the first power source (15-1) is electrically connected to a motor (22) and a first electric telescopic rod (16).

10. The integrated device for automatic tracking and enrichment sampling of river and lake algae and fungi aggregates according to claim 8 is characterized by: There are a plurality of forward and backward propellers (11) and left and right propellers (12), each of which is driven by a separate engine (9), and a rubidium magnet (10) is installed between each forward and backward propeller (11) and each left and right propeller (12) and the corresponding engine (9).

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