A rare earth metal electrolysis device and method capable of reducing non-metallic impurities

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of rare earth metal electrolysis, and discloses a rare earth metal electrolysis device and method capable of reducing non-metallic impurities, including a base assembly and a guide assembly. The present invention sets up the coordination of structures such as the electrolysis assembly and the base assembly, and after the cathode rod and the anode rod are energized, the rare earth metal is precipitated around the cathode rod, and the exhaust gas and impurities are precipitated from the anode rod. When the telescopic rod rises, it pushes the cover plate 2 to swing back and forth through the track of the inclined surface of the triangular block, so that the rare earth metal inside the electrolytic cell can be fully electrolyzed, and the rare earth metal is located inside the metal mesh, so that the precipitated metal liquid can flow out through the hollowed-out part of the metal mesh, and the metal that has not been electrolyzed is still in a solid state, and is always located inside the metal mesh and contacts the cathode rod to produce an electrolysis reaction, further improving the quality of the rare earth metal being electrolyzed and the working quality of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rare earth metal electrolysis, and in particular relates to a rare earth metal electrolysis device and method capable of reducing non-metallic impurities. Background Art

[0002] Rare earth metals are also called rare earth elements. They contain 17 kinds of elements. Rare earth metals have extremely important uses. They are widely used in contemporary communication technology, electronic computers, aerospace development, medicine and health, photosensitive materials, optoelectronic materials, energy materials and catalyst materials, etc. However, rare earth metals also contain some impurities, which requires electrolytic purification before processing to improve their quality.

[0003] In the existing technical solutions, molten salt electrolysis technology is generally used to remove impurities in rare earth metals. During the implementation of this technical solution, electrolytes are also added to the electrolytic cell to separate non-metallic impurities in rare earth elements. However, during the electrolysis process, since the electrolyte and rare earth metals are directly added to the electrolytic cell and undergo electrolytic reactions with the positive and negative electrodes, and the number of electrodes, the positions of rare earth metals and the electrolyte are fixed, this will reduce the electrolytic separation degree of the positive and negative electrodes for rare earth metals, which in turn causes the quality of the processed rare earth metals to fail to meet the process standards. For this reason, we provide a rare earth metal electrolysis device and method that can reduce non-metallic impurities. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a rare earth metal electrolysis device and method that can reduce non-metallic impurities, which solves the problem that the electrolyte and rare earth metal are directly added into the electrolytic cell, the number of electrodes, the positions of the rare earth metal and the electrolyte are fixed, which will reduce the electrolytic separation degree of the rare earth metal between the positive and negative electrodes and its quality does not meet the standards.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a rare earth metal electrolysis device capable of reducing non-metallic impurities, comprising a base assembly and a guide assembly;

[0006] The base assembly includes a support frame and a motor placed inside the support frame;

[0007] The guide assembly comprises a positioning plate, the top of which is movably connected to the guide plate, and the top bearing of the guide plate is provided with a driving shaft;

[0008] The rare earth metal electrolysis device capable of reducing non-metallic impurities also includes:

[0009] A preheating assembly installed on the top of the support frame, the preheating assembly is used to place and heat the electrolyte and the rare earth metal;

[0010] A plurality of electrolytic assemblies are equidistantly mounted on the driving shaft, and the guide assembly is used to drive the electrolytic assemblies to move;

[0011] The electrolytic assembly comprises an electrolytic cell mounted on a driving shaft, a second cover plate is movably mounted on the top of the electrolytic cell, a first chamber is arranged inside the electrolytic cell, the first chamber is communicated with the inside of the electrolytic cell, a first valve and a second valve are installed on the preheating assembly, the first chamber and the inside of the electrolytic cell are respectively movably sleeved with the output ends of the first valve and the second valve through two independent metal pipes, an anode rod is respectively installed in the dead corner inside the electrolytic cell, a metal mesh and a cathode rod are fixed inside the electrolytic cell, the cathode rod is located inside the metal mesh, a triangular block is installed on the side of the electrolytic cell close to the preheating assembly, a telescopic rod is movably clamped on the outside of the triangular block, and a casting assembly is communicated with the bottom of the electrolytic cell;

[0012] The motor drives the telescopic rod to move up and down through the preheating component, the first valve is connected to the chamber inside the preheating component where the rare earth metal is placed, and the second valve is connected to the chamber inside the preheating component where the electrolyte is placed.

[0013] Preferably, the preheating assembly includes an arc frame fixedly mounted on the top of the support frame, a storage box is installed on the internal bearing of the arc frame, a heating plate is fixedly mounted inside the storage box, an infusion port is provided on the top of the storage box, the output shaft of the motor is connected to the internal transmission of the heating plate through a camshaft, the outer side of the camshaft is connected to a guide rod, and the guide rod moves vertically inside the support frame.

[0014] Preferably, the top of the storage box and the interior of the arc frame form an independent chamber, the first valve is connected to the independent chamber, the second valve is connected to the interior of the storage box, and the infusion port is blocked by a thread.

[0015] Preferably, the guide rod is hinged to the telescopic rod, the output shaft of the motor drives the guide rod to move up and down reciprocatingly through the cam shaft, and the guide rod drives the telescopic rod to rise and pushes the electrolytic cell to shake back and forth through the track on the side of the triangular block.

[0016] Preferably, the casting assembly includes a casting pool and a third valve connected to the bottom of the electrolytic cell, the top of the casting pool is fastened with a cover plate by a nut, the third valve is connected to the interior of the casting pool, and the top of the casting pool is connected to a metal bellows.

[0017] Preferably, the base assembly further comprises a transfer box fixedly mounted on the side of the positioning plate, the transfer box being connected to each of the metal bellows, and the top of the transfer box is provided with an input port connected to the air compressor.

[0018] Preferably, a notch adapted to the movable end of the spring expansion plate is provided at the bottom of the second cover plate, and the rotation of the second cover plate simultaneously drives the two metal tubes on its top to separate from the first valve and the second valve respectively.

[0019] Preferably, the guide assembly further comprises a threaded rod movably engaged with the interior of the positioning plate, the interior of the guide plate is provided with a threaded groove which meshes with the threaded rod, and the interior of the positioning plate is not provided with a threaded groove.

[0020] A method for using a rare earth metal electrolysis device capable of reducing non-metallic impurities, the specific steps are as follows;

[0021] S1. The first valve is used to control the flow of rare earth metals, and the second valve is used to control the flow of electrolytes. When the electrolyte and rare earth elements are heated and molten salt is completed inside the preheating component, the first valve and the second valve can be opened in sequence according to the process requirements, and the electrolytic component is controlled to stay away from the preheating component by the guiding component, so that the two metal tubes do not contact the first valve and the second valve;

[0022] S2. After the cathode rod and the anode rod are energized, rare earth metals are precipitated around the cathode rod, while waste gas and impurities are precipitated around the anode rod and can be discharged through the metal pipe. The precipitated impurities are lighter and can be discharged simultaneously with the waste gas.

[0023] S3. When the motor drives the camshaft to rotate, it also drives the guide rod to move up and down, and the guide rod drives the telescopic rod to move synchronously. When the telescopic rod rises, it pushes the cover plate 2 to swing back and forth through the track of the inclined surface of the triangular block, so that the rare earth metal inside the electrolytic cell can be fully electrolyzed, and the rare earth metal is located inside the metal mesh, so that the precipitated metal liquid can flow out through the hollow part of the metal mesh, and the metal that has not been electrolyzed is still solid and is always located inside the metal mesh and contacts with the cathode rod to produce an electrolytic reaction, and is finally collected by the casting assembly.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The present invention cooperates with structures such as an electrolytic component and a base component. After the first valve is opened, rare earth metals are deposited inside the metal mesh. After the second valve is opened, electrolyte enters the inside of the electrolytic cell through the metal tube and four flow grooves at the four corners of the bottom of the first chamber. After the cathode rod and the anode rod are energized, rare earth metals are precipitated around the cathode rod, while waste gas and impurities are precipitated from the periphery of the anode rod and can be discharged through the metal tube. When the telescopic rod rises, it pushes the second cover plate to swing back and forth through the track of the inclined surface of the triangular block, so that the rare earth metals inside the electrolytic cell can be fully electrolyzed, and the rare earth metals are located inside the metal mesh, so that the precipitated metal liquid can flow out through the hollow part of the metal mesh, and the metal that has not been electrolyzed is still in a solid state and is always located inside the metal mesh and contacts with the cathode rod to generate an electrolytic reaction, thereby further improving the quality of the electrolysis of the rare earth metal.

[0026] The present invention arranges the cooperation of structures such as the base assembly and the preheating assembly, and the motor output shaft drives the guide rod to rotate, and the guide rod drives the heating plate to swing, so that the heating plate can better insulate the electrolyte and prevent the electrolyte from failing to reach the temperature standard when being injected into the electrolytic cell. The heat of the electrolyte is also transferred to the rare earth metal on the top of the storage box, thereby insulating it and enabling the subsequent electrolysis reaction to be better performed.

[0027] The present invention arranges the coordination of structures such as the electrolysis component and the base component. After the electrolysis is completed, the rare earth metal is located at the cathode rod, and the electrolyte and the rare earth metal are layered. This allows the rare earth metal to directly flow into the casting pool after the third valve is opened. Before the electrolysis work starts, the air compressor can extract the air inside the casting pool through the transfer box and the metal bellows, so that the inside of the casting pool is in a negative pressure state. After the metal is sucked into the inside by the negative pressure, it only needs to wait for natural cooling. The rare earth metal will not touch oxygen during the whole process, thereby avoiding the occurrence of oxidation reaction and the formation of oxide scale. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structural coordination between the base assembly and the electrolytic assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structural coordination between the base assembly and the preheating assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the electrolytic cell of the present invention and its coordination with the preheating assembly;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the casting assembly of the present invention and its cooperation with the transfer box;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the electrolytic component structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination of the spring telescopic plate and the cover plate of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the guiding assembly structure of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. base assembly; 11. support frame; 12. motor; 13. transfer box; 2. guide assembly; 21. positioning plate; 22. guide plate; 23. threaded rod; 24. driving shaft; 3. electrolytic assembly; 31. electrolytic cell; 32. spring telescopic plate; 33. first valve; 34. second valve; 35. casting assembly; 351. third valve; 352. cover plate one; 353. casting cell; 354. metal bellows; 36. cover plate two; 37. first chamber; 38. metal mesh; 39. anode rod; 30. cathode rod; 301. triangle block; 302. telescopic rod; 4. preheating assembly; 41. arc frame; 42. storage box; 43. infusion port; 44. heating plate; 45. camshaft; 46. guide rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides a rare earth metal electrolysis device capable of reducing non-metallic impurities, comprising a base assembly 1 and a guide assembly 2;

[0039] The base assembly 1 includes a support frame 11 and a motor 12 placed inside the support frame 11;

[0040] The guide assembly 2 includes a positioning plate 21, the top of the positioning plate 21 is movably connected with a guide plate 22, and the top bearing of the guide plate 22 is equipped with a driving shaft 24;

[0041] The rare earth metal electrolysis device capable of reducing non-metallic impurities also includes:

[0042] A preheating assembly 4 installed on the top of the support frame 11, the preheating assembly 4 is used to place and heat the electrolyte and the rare earth metal;

[0043] A plurality of electrolytic components 3 are equidistantly mounted on the driving shaft 24, and the guide component 2 is used to drive the electrolytic components 3 to move;

[0044] The electrolytic assembly 3 includes an electrolytic cell 31 mounted on the driving shaft 24, a cover plate 2 36 is movably mounted on the top of the electrolytic cell 31, a first chamber 37 is arranged inside the electrolytic cell 31, the first chamber 37 is communicated with the inside of the electrolytic cell 31, a first valve 33 and a second valve 34 are installed on the preheating assembly 4, the first chamber 37 and the inside of the electrolytic cell 31 are respectively movably sleeved with the output ends of the first valve 33 and the second valve 34 through two independent metal pipes, an anode rod 39 is installed in the dead corner of the electrolytic cell 31, a metal mesh 38 and a cathode rod 30 are fixed inside the electrolytic cell 31, the cathode rod 30 is located inside the metal mesh 38, a triangular block 301 is installed on the side of the electrolytic cell 31 close to the preheating assembly 4, a telescopic rod 302 is movably clamped on the outside of the triangular block 301, and a casting assembly 35 is communicated with the bottom of the electrolytic cell 31;

[0045] The motor 12 drives the telescopic rod 302 to move up and down through the preheating component 4, the first valve 33 is connected to the chamber inside the preheating component 4 where the rare earth metal is placed, and the second valve 34 is connected to the chamber inside the preheating component 4 where the electrolyte is placed.

[0046] The bottom of the second cover plate 36 is provided with a notch adapted to the movable end of the spring expansion plate 32 , and the rotation of the second cover plate 36 simultaneously drives the two metal tubes on its top to separate from the first valve 33 and the second valve 34 respectively.

[0047] The guide rod 46 is hinged to the telescopic rod 302 , and the output shaft of the motor 12 drives the guide rod 46 to move up and down through the cam shaft 45 . The guide rod 46 drives the telescopic rod 302 to rise and pushes the electrolytic cell 31 to swing back and forth through the track on the side of the triangular block 301 .

[0048] The above solution is adopted: the first valve 33 is used to control the flow of rare earth metals, and the second valve 34 is used to control the flow of electrolytes. After the electrolyte and the rare earth elements are heated and molten salts are formed inside the preheating component 4, the first valve 33 and the second valve 34 can be opened in sequence according to the process requirements;

[0049] When the first valve 33 is opened, the rare earth metal flows out from the preheating component 4 and enters the electrolytic cell 31 through the metal tube, and finally accumulates inside the metal mesh 38. When the second valve 34 is opened, the electrolyte inside the preheating component 4 enters the first chamber 37 through another metal tube, and enters the electrolytic cell 31 through the four flow grooves at the four corners of the electrolytic cell 31 at the bottom of the first chamber 37, and then directly closes the first valve 33 and the second valve 34.

[0050] The electrolytic component 3 is controlled to be away from the preheating component 4 by the guiding component 2, so that the two metal tubes are not in contact with the first valve 33 and the second valve 34, and finally the spring telescopic plate 32 is pressed so that the movable end is not in the position of the limiting cover plate 36, and the cover plate 36 is rotated 45 degrees so that the movable end of the spring telescopic plate 32 enters the notch at the bottom of the cover plate 36. At this time, one of the metal tubes is staggered with the notch at the top of the first chamber 37 and is no longer connected thereto, so that the interior of the electrolytic cell 31 can only be connected to the outside through one metal tube;

[0051] After the cathode rod 30 and the anode rod 39 are energized, the rare earth metal is precipitated around the cathode rod 30, and the exhaust gas and impurities are precipitated from the anode rod 39 and can be discharged through the metal pipe. The precipitated impurities are relatively light and can be discharged simultaneously with the exhaust gas.

[0052] It should also be noted that the motor 12 also drives the telescopic rod 302 to reciprocate in the vertical direction through the preheating component 4. When the telescopic rod 302 rises, it pushes the cover plate 2 36 to swing back and forth through the track of the inclined surface of the triangular block 301, so that the rare earth metal inside the electrolytic cell 31 can be stirred, and can also contact the cathode rod 30 and the anode rod 39 more comprehensively to produce an electrolytic reaction. The rare earth metal is located inside the metal mesh 38, so that the precipitated metal liquid can flow out through the hollow part of the metal mesh 38, and the metal that has not been electrolyzed is still solid and is always located inside the metal mesh 38 and contacts the cathode rod 30 to produce an electrolytic reaction, which further improves the working quality of the device.

[0053] When the electrolysis process is completed, it can be collected by the casting assembly 35.

[0054] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the preheating assembly 4 includes an arc frame 41 fixedly mounted on the top of the support frame 11, a storage box 42 is installed on the internal bearing of the arc frame 41, a heating plate 44 is fixedly mounted inside the storage box 42, an infusion port 43 is provided on the top of the storage box 42, the output shaft of the motor 12 is connected to the internal transmission of the heating plate 44 through a camshaft 45, the outer side of the camshaft 45 is connected to a guide rod 46, and the guide rod 46 moves vertically inside the support frame 11.

[0055] The top of the storage box 42 and the interior of the arc frame 41 form an independent chamber, the first valve 33 is connected to the independent chamber, the second valve 34 is connected to the interior of the storage box 42, and the infusion port 43 is blocked by a thread.

[0056] The above solution is adopted: the top of the arc frame 41 is open, so that an independent chamber is formed inside the arc frame 41 and located at the top of the storage box 42, and rare earth metals can be placed therein. After the electrolyte is heated to a molten salt state, it can be infused into the storage box 42 through the infusion port 43;

[0057] Then, the motor 12 is started, so that its output shaft drives the camshaft 45 to rotate, and the guide rod 46 drives the heating plate 44 to swing, so that the heating plate 44 can better keep the electrolyte warm and prevent the electrolyte from failing to reach the temperature standard when being injected into the electrolytic cell 31;

[0058] Furthermore, the heat of the electrolyte is also transferred to the rare earth metal on the top of the storage box 42, thereby keeping it warm and enabling the subsequent electrolysis reaction to proceed better;

[0059] The telescopic rod 302 is inclined, and when the electrolytic assembly 3 is away from the guide rod 46 through the guide assembly 2, the telescopic rod 302 is at the maximum telescopic length;

[0060] The motor 12 is started to drive the camshaft 45 to rotate, and a guide rod 46 is installed on the outer side of the camshaft 45, so that the guide rod 46 drives the telescopic rod 302 to move up and down. At the same time, since the guide rod 46 is always on the same axis and the middle part of the electrolytic cell 31 is installed on the driving shaft 24, when the telescopic rod 302 rises, it will push the electrolytic cell 31 to tilt according to the track of the inclined surface of the triangular block 301. When the guide rod 46 drives the telescopic rod 302 to descend, the electrolytic cell 31 returns to its original position.

[0061] In this way, the electrolyte and rare earth metal inside the electrolytic cell 31 can be continuously shaken so that the two can fully contact the cathode and the anode.

[0062] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown, the casting assembly 35 includes a casting pool 353 and a third valve 351 connected to the bottom of the electrolytic cell 31. The top of the casting pool 353 is fastened with a cover plate 352 by a nut. The third valve 351 is connected to the interior of the casting pool 353. The top of the casting pool 353 is connected to a metal bellows 354.

[0063] The base assembly 1 further comprises a transfer box 13 fixedly mounted on the side of the positioning plate 21 . The transfer box 13 is connected to each metal bellows 354 . An input port connected to the air compressor is arranged at the top of the transfer box 13 .

[0064] The above scheme is adopted: after the electrolysis is completed, the rare earth metal is located at the cathode rod 30, and the electrolyte and the rare earth metal are layered, so that after the third valve 351 is opened, the rare earth metal directly flows into the casting pool 353, and before the electrolysis work starts, the air compressor can extract the air inside the casting pool 353 through the transfer box 13 and the metal bellows 354, so that the inside is in a negative pressure state. After the metal is sucked into the inside by the negative pressure, it only needs to wait for natural cooling. The rare earth metal will not touch oxygen during the whole process, thereby avoiding the oxidation reaction and the formation of oxide scale.

[0065] As shown in the picture - Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, the guide assembly 2 further includes a threaded rod 23 movably engaged with the interior of the positioning plate 21 , a threaded groove is provided inside the guide plate 22 and meshes with the threaded rod 23 , and no threaded groove is provided inside the positioning plate 21 .

[0066] By adopting the above solution: by rotating the threaded rod 23, the guide plate 22 can drive the electrolytic component 3 away from the preheating component 4, so that the electrolytic component 3 will not touch the preheating component 4 during the shaking process and will not be damaged. Furthermore, the metal tube will directly detach from the first valve 33 and the second valve 34, thereby avoiding damage to both.

[0067] A method for using a rare earth metal electrolysis device capable of reducing non-metallic impurities, the specific steps are as follows;

[0068] S1, the first valve 33 is used to control the flow of rare earth metals, and the second valve 34 is used to control the flow of electrolytes. After the electrolyte and rare earth elements are heated and molten salts are formed inside the preheating component 4, the first valve 33 and the second valve 34 can be opened in sequence according to the process requirements, and the electrolytic component 3 is controlled to be away from the preheating component 4 by the guiding component 2, so that the two metal tubes are not in contact with the first valve 33 and the second valve 34;

[0069] S2. After the cathode rod 30 and the anode rod 39 are energized, the rare earth metal is precipitated around the cathode rod 30, and the waste gas and impurities are precipitated from the anode rod 39 and can be discharged through the metal pipe. The precipitated impurities are relatively light and can be discharged simultaneously with the waste gas.

[0070] S3. When the motor 12 drives the camshaft 45 to rotate, it also drives the guide rod 46 to move up and down, and the guide rod 46 drives the telescopic rod 302 to move synchronously. When the telescopic rod 302 rises, it pushes the cover plate 2 36 to swing back and forth through the track of the inclined surface of the triangular block 301, so that the rare earth metal inside the electrolytic cell 31 can be fully electrolyzed, and the rare earth metal is located inside the metal mesh 38, so that the precipitated metal liquid can flow out through the hollow part of the metal mesh 38, and the metal that has not been electrolyzed is still solid and is always located inside the metal mesh 38 and contacts with the cathode rod 30 to produce an electrolytic reaction, and is finally collected by the casting assembly 35.

[0071] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0072] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rare earth metal electrolysis device capable of reducing non-metallic impurities, characterized in that: It comprises a base component (1) and a guide component (2); The base assembly (1) comprises a support frame (11) and a motor (12) placed inside the support frame (11); The guide assembly (2) comprises a positioning plate (21), the top of the positioning plate (21) is movably connected to a guide plate (22), and the top bearing of the guide plate (22) is mounted with a driving shaft (24); The rare earth metal electrolysis device capable of reducing non-metallic impurities also includes: A preheating assembly (4) installed on the top of the support frame (11), wherein the preheating assembly (4) is used to place and heat the electrolyte and the rare earth metal; A plurality of electrolytic components (3) are equidistantly mounted on a driving shaft (24), wherein the guide component (2) is used to drive the electrolytic components (3) to move; The electrolysis assembly (3) comprises an electrolysis cell (31) mounted on a driving shaft (24); a second cover plate (36) is movably mounted on the top of the electrolysis cell (31); a first chamber (37) is arranged inside the electrolysis cell (31); the first chamber (37) is communicated with the interior of the electrolysis cell (31); the preheating assembly (4) is installed with a first valve (33) and a second valve (34); the first chamber (37) and the interior of the electrolysis cell (31) are respectively connected to the first valve (33) and the second valve (34) through two independent metal pipes. The output end of the valve (34) is movably sleeved, an anode rod (39) is installed at each dead corner inside the electrolytic cell (31), a metal mesh (38) and a cathode rod (30) are fixed inside the electrolytic cell (31), and the cathode rod (30) is located inside the metal mesh (38), a triangular block (301) is installed on the side of the electrolytic cell (31) close to the preheating component (4), a telescopic rod (302) is movably clamped on the outside of the triangular block (301), and the bottom of the electrolytic cell (31) is connected to a casting component (35); The motor (12) drives the telescopic rod (302) to move up and down through the preheating component (4); the first valve (33) is connected to a chamber inside the preheating component (4) in which rare earth metal is placed; and the second valve (34) is connected to a chamber inside the preheating component (4) in which electrolyte is placed; The bottom of the second cover plate (36) is provided with a notch adapted to the movable end of the spring expansion plate (32). The second cover plate (36) rotates and simultaneously drives the two metal tubes on its top to separate from the first valve (33) and the second valve (34).

2. The rare earth metal electrolysis device capable of reducing non-metallic impurities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preheating assembly (4) comprises an arc frame (41) fixedly mounted on the top of the support frame (11); a storage box (42) is mounted on an internal bearing of the arc frame (41); a heating plate (44) is fixedly mounted inside the storage box (42); an infusion port (43) is arranged on the top of the storage box (42); an output shaft of the motor (12) is transmission-connected to the inside of the heating plate (44) via a cam shaft (45); a guide rod (46) is transmission-connected to the outside of the cam shaft (45); and the guide rod (46) moves vertically inside the support frame (11).

3. The rare earth metal electrolysis device capable of reducing non-metallic impurities according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the storage box (42) and the interior of the arc-shaped frame (41) form an independent chamber, the first valve (33) is connected to the independent chamber, the second valve (34) is connected to the interior of the storage box (42), and the infusion port (43) is blocked by a thread.

4. The rare earth metal electrolysis device capable of reducing non-metallic impurities according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide rod (46) is hinged to the telescopic rod (302), and the output shaft of the motor (12) drives the guide rod (46) to move up and down reciprocatingly via the cam shaft (45). The guide rod (46) drives the telescopic rod (302) to rise and push the electrolytic cell (31) to shake back and forth via the track on the side of the triangular block (301).

5. The rare earth metal electrolysis device capable of reducing non-metallic impurities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The casting assembly (35) comprises a casting pool (353) and a third valve (351) connected to the bottom of the electrolytic cell (31); a cover plate (352) is fastened to the top of the casting pool (353) via a nut; the third valve (351) is connected to the interior of the casting pool (353); and a metal bellows (354) is connected to the top of the casting pool (353).

6. The rare earth metal electrolysis device capable of reducing non-metallic impurities according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base assembly (1) further comprises a transfer box (13) fixedly mounted on the side of the positioning plate (21), the transfer box (13) being connected to each of the metal bellows (354), and an input port connected to the air compressor being arranged at the top of the transfer box (13).

7. The rare earth metal electrolysis device capable of reducing non-metallic impurities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide assembly (2) further comprises a threaded rod (23) movably engaged with the interior of the positioning plate (21); a threaded groove is provided inside the guide plate (22) and meshes with the threaded rod (23); and no threaded groove is provided inside the positioning plate (21).

8. A method for using a rare earth metal electrolysis device capable of reducing non-metallic impurities, which is applied to the rare earth metal electrolysis device capable of reducing non-metallic impurities as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows; S1, the first valve (33) is used to control the flow of rare earth metals, and the second valve (34) is used to control the flow of electrolytes. When the electrolytes and rare earth elements are heated and molten salts are formed inside the preheating component (4), the first valve (33) and the second valve (34) can be opened in sequence according to the process requirements, and the electrolytic component (3) is controlled to be away from the preheating component (4) by the guiding component (2), so that the two metal tubes are not in contact with the first valve (33) and the second valve (34); S2. After the cathode rod (30) and the anode rod (39) are energized, rare earth metals are precipitated around the cathode rod (30), while waste gas and impurities are precipitated from around the anode rod (39) and can be discharged through the metal pipe. The precipitated impurities are relatively light and can be discharged simultaneously with the waste gas. S3. When the motor (12) drives the camshaft (45) to rotate, it also drives the guide rod (46) to move up and down, and the guide rod (46) drives the telescopic rod (302) to move synchronously. When the telescopic rod (302) rises, it drives the electrolytic cell (31) to swing back and forth through the track of the inclined surface of the triangular block (301), so that the rare earth metal inside the electrolytic cell (31) can be fully electrolyzed. The rare earth metal is located inside the metal mesh (38), and the precipitated metal liquid can flow out through the hollow part of the metal mesh (38). The metal that has not been electrolyzed is still in a solid state and is always located inside the metal mesh (38) and contacts with the cathode rod (30) to produce an electrolytic reaction, and is finally collected by the casting assembly (35).

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