Nuclear island plant protection structure and nuclear island plant system

Abstract

The invention discloses a nuclear island plant protection structure and a nuclear island plant system, which can block external foreign matters, improve the overall protection level of a nuclear island plant and increase the economy of the nuclear island plant. The nuclear island plant protection structure comprises a plurality of supporting columns (1) and a protection net (2). A plurality of supporting columns (1) are arranged on a nuclear island plant (5) in a surrounding mode, a cavity (3) is formed in the top of each supporting column (1), explosives and a detonation controller are arranged in the cavities (3), and the detonation controllers are used for detonating the explosives when the supporting columns (1) are impacted with the strength exceeding the preset strength. The protective net (2) is arranged among the multiple supporting columns (1) and used for blocking foreign matter falling to the nuclear island plant (5).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear island plant structures, and in particular relates to a nuclear island plant protection structure and a nuclear island plant system. Background Art

[0002] Nuclear power plants use the energy generated by nuclear fission reactions to generate electricity. The energy density of nuclear power plant reactors is extremely high, so nuclear power generation is an important means to protect the national economy and people's livelihood, and is also a strategic means to save energy and reduce emissions and achieve the "dual carbon" goals.

[0003] However, the nuclear island building in a nuclear power plant has extremely high demands for safety assurance. The current nuclear island building's protection against external disasters (such as external impacts) mainly relies on its own structural strength to absorb external impacts. In order to withstand larger impacts, the thickness and size of the nuclear island building need to be increased, which reduces the economic efficiency of the nuclear island building. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a nuclear island plant protection structure and a nuclear island plant system in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, which can block external foreign objects, improve the overall protection level of the nuclear island plant, and increase the economy of the nuclear island plant.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nuclear island plant protection structure, which includes a plurality of support columns and a protection net. The plurality of support columns are arranged around the nuclear island plant, and a cavity is provided on the top of the support column. Explosives and a detonation controller are arranged in the cavity, and the detonation controller is used to detonate the explosives when the support column is hit by an impact exceeding a preset strength. The protection net is arranged between the plurality of support columns to block foreign objects from falling toward the nuclear island plant.

[0006] In some embodiments, the support column is made of a heat-conductive material; the support column is fixed to the outer surface of the nuclear island building; or, the support column is fixed to the side wall of the nuclear island building; or, the support column is fixed to the side wall of the nuclear island building and then extends into the interior of the nuclear island building.

[0007] In some embodiments, a circulation channel is provided in the support column, the circulation channel extends from the root of the support column to the location of the cavity, and the circulation channel is filled with a heat-conducting phase change medium.

[0008] In some embodiments, a hollow structure is formed on the outer side of the support column.

[0009] In some embodiments, the gap between two adjacent support columns is less than or equal to 4 m.

[0010] In some embodiments, the length L1 of the support column satisfies: 1m≤L1≤10m; and / or the cross-sectional area S1 of the root of the support column connected to the nuclear island building satisfies: 0.01m 2 ≤S1≤3m 2 and / or, the cross-sectional area S2 of the top of the support column is less than or equal to the cross-sectional area S1 of the root of the support column, and satisfies: 0.01m 2 ≤S2≤3m 2 .

[0011] In some embodiments, there are multiple protective nets, and the multiple protective nets are stacked in sequence.

[0012] In some embodiments, the minimum distance between two adjacent protective nets is less than or equal to 0.4 m.

[0013] In some embodiments, the material of the protective net is a heat-conducting material; and / or, the protective net is formed by a plurality of cylindrical tubes connected to each other, the outer diameter D of the cylindrical tube satisfies: 0.005m≤D≤1m, and the cylindrical tube is filled with a heat-conducting phase change medium; and / or, the hole area S3 on the protective net satisfies: 0.01m 2 ≤S3≤1m 2 .

[0014] Therefore, the nuclear island plant protection structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention can play a certain blocking role on the external foreign objects that collide with the nuclear island plant by setting multiple support columns on the nuclear island plant; at the same time, a cavity is opened on the top of the support column, and explosives and detonation controllers are set in the cavity, so that the detonation controller can detonate the explosives when the support column is hit by an impact exceeding the preset strength, and the explosives can crush the foreign objects after the explosion, and the impact force generated by the explosion can reduce the impact force of the foreign objects, and finally reduce the damage caused by foreign objects to the nuclear island plant, thereby improving the active protection capability of the nuclear island plant; finally, by setting the protective net between the multiple support columns, the protective net can further block the small-sized foreign objects that fall between the support columns, and further improve the overall protection level of the nuclear island plant protection structure. Therefore, the nuclear island plant protection structure can reduce or avoid the damage of external foreign objects to the nuclear island plant, so that the safety requirements of the nuclear island plant can be met without setting the thickness and size of the nuclear island plant larger, thereby increasing the economy of the nuclear island plant.

[0015] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a nuclear island building system, the nuclear island building system comprising a nuclear island building and the nuclear island building protection structure in the first aspect.

[0016] The nuclear island plant system provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the same beneficial effects as the above-mentioned nuclear island plant protection structure, which will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 : A structural diagram of a nuclear island plant system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 : A top view of a nuclear island plant protection structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 : A structural diagram of a support column provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Embodiment 1:

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nuclear island plant protection structure, which is applied to the nuclear island plant 5 to protect the nuclear island plant 5.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the nuclear island plant protection structure includes a plurality of support columns 1 and a protection net 2. The plurality of support columns 1 are arranged around the nuclear island plant 5. Figure 3 As shown, a cavity 3 is provided at the top of the support column 1, and explosives and a detonation controller are arranged in the cavity 3. The detonation controller is used to detonate the explosives when the support column 1 is hit by an impact exceeding a preset strength. A protective net 2 is arranged between the plurality of support columns 1 to prevent foreign objects from falling toward the nuclear island building 5.

[0024] The nuclear island building includes a reactor building, a fuel building, a spent fuel pool, a main control room, etc. The nuclear island building protection structure can be arranged on part or all of the nuclear island building 5 .

[0025] The support column 1 can be fixed on the nuclear island building 5, or can be placed on the outer surface of the nuclear island building 5 through a fixing seat. The support column 1 can play a certain role in blocking the impact of external foreign objects, and can also play a supporting role for the protective net 2.

[0026] Exemplarily, the detonation controller may include a vibration sensor. When an external foreign object impacts the support column 1, the vibration sensor may detect the vibration generated by the impact, so that the detonation controller may detonate the explosive according to the detection result of the vibration sensor.

[0027] Exemplarily, the explosive in the cavity 3 may be a common explosive or a pressure-sensitive explosive. In the case where the explosive in the cavity 3 is a pressure-sensitive explosive, when an external foreign object hits the top of the support column 1 and causes the top of the support column 1 to deform, the pressure on the pressure-sensitive explosive inside it will change and automatically explode, thereby increasing the way in which the explosive in the cavity 3 is detonated.

[0028] After the explosion, the explosives can crush foreign objects, and the impact force generated by the explosion can reduce the impact force of foreign objects, ultimately reducing the damage caused by foreign objects to the nuclear island building 5, thereby improving the active protection capability of the nuclear island building 5; and because the explosives are set in the top cavity 3 of the support column 1, there is a certain distance from the nuclear island building 5, so the damage to the nuclear island building 5 itself is relatively small when the explosives explode.

[0029] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 When an external foreign object hits the nuclear island building 5, the foreign object first collides with the support column 1 on the surface of the nuclear island building 5. When the impact force of the foreign object does not exceed the preset strength (for example, the foreign object is an ordinary stone or other object with a small impact force), the explosive is not detonated, and the support column 1 can reduce or block the impact force of the foreign object on the nuclear island building 5, thereby protecting the nuclear island building 5; when the impact force of the foreign object exceeds the preset strength (for example, the foreign object is a large aircraft or other object with a large impact force) and the support column 1 is difficult to block, the explosive is detonated, and the impact force of the foreign object on the nuclear island building 5 is further reduced or blocked by the explosion of the explosive, thereby protecting the nuclear island building 5.

[0030] Exemplarily, the preset strength can be set based on factors such as the structural strength of the nuclear island building 5, the strength of the support column 1, and the characteristics of external foreign matter, so that there is no need to detonate explosives when the impact force of the external foreign matter is small, and the explosives are detonated when the impact force of the external foreign matter is large, thereby effectively blocking external foreign matter and reducing the need to replace the support column 1 after the detonation of the explosives.

[0031] For example, the preset strength can be 80KN / m 2 .

[0032] The size of the grid formed on the protective net 2 is smaller than the spacing between adjacent support columns 1, thereby further blocking small-sized foreign objects falling between the support columns 1, further improving the overall protection level of the nuclear island building, especially the single-layer shell wall structure building.

[0033] Therefore, the nuclear island plant protection structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention can play a certain blocking role on the external foreign objects that collide with the nuclear island plant 5 by arranging multiple support columns 1 on the nuclear island plant 5; at the same time, a cavity 3 is opened on the top of the support column 1, and explosives and a detonation controller are arranged in the cavity 3, so that the detonation controller can detonate the explosives when the support column 1 is hit by an impact exceeding the preset strength, and the explosives can crush the foreign objects after the explosion, and the impact force generated by the explosion can reduce the impact force of the foreign objects, and finally reduce the damage caused by foreign objects to the nuclear island plant 5, thereby improving the active protection capability of the nuclear island plant 5; finally, by arranging the protective net 2 between the multiple support columns 1, the protective net 2 can further block the small-sized foreign objects that fall between the support columns 1, and further improve the overall protection level of the nuclear island plant protection structure. Therefore, the nuclear island plant protection structure can reduce or avoid the damage of external foreign objects to the nuclear island plant 5, so that the safety requirements of the nuclear island plant 5 can be met without setting the thickness and size of the nuclear island plant 5 larger, thereby increasing the economy of the nuclear island plant.

[0034] Understandable, such as Figure 1 As shown, the nuclear island plant protection structure can be set on the containment outside the plant, or on the spent fuel pool, or on other locations that need to be protected, such as the main control room.

[0035] The support column 1 may be a solid structure or a hollow structure. The cross-sectional shape of the support column 1 may be a triangle, a rectangle, an irregular polygon, a regular polygon, a circle, an ellipse, etc. The structures and cross-sectional shapes of different support columns 1 may be the same or different.

[0036] In some embodiments, the support column 1 is made of a thermally conductive material.

[0037] For example, the support column 1 is made of alloy materials such as steel.

[0038] At this time, the support column 1 can export the heat inside the nuclear island building 5 and transfer the heat to the atmospheric environment through convection heat transfer, thermal radiation, etc., thereby reducing the power requirements of the nuclear island building for the active air-conditioning system, and then reducing the requirements for the air-conditioning system and supporting systems (such as electrical, instrumentation, chilled water, etc.), thereby improving the economy of the nuclear power plant.

[0039] There are many ways to set the support column 1 on the nuclear island building 5.

[0040] In some examples, the support column 1 is fixed to the outer surface of the nuclear island building 5 .

[0041] Exemplarily, the support column 1 is fixed to the outer surface of the nuclear island building 5 by fasteners.

[0042] This fixing method reduces the difficulty of installing the support column 1. Even after the nuclear island building 5 is completed, the support column 1 can be installed on the nuclear island building 5.

[0043] In other examples, the support column 1 is fixed on the side wall of the nuclear island building 5 .

[0044] At this time, a part of the support column 1 extends into the side wall of the nuclear island building 5, which can increase the connection strength between the support column 1 and the nuclear island building 5, and make the support column 1 directly contact with the wall structure (steel bars and concrete) and other materials of the nuclear island building 5 to achieve heat conduction, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency between the support column 1 and the nuclear island building 5.

[0045] Furthermore, the support column 1 is fixed on the side wall of the nuclear island building 5 and extends into the interior of the nuclear island building 5 .

[0046] At this time, the portion of the support column 1 extending into the interior of the nuclear island building 5 can better conduct the high temperature inside the nuclear island building 5 to the outside, further increasing the heat transfer effect of the support column 1 .

[0047] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, a circulation channel 4 is provided in the support column 1 , and the circulation channel 4 extends from the root of the support column 1 to the position where the cavity 3 is located, and the circulation channel 4 is filled with a heat-conducting phase change medium.

[0048] Exemplarily, the cavity 3 and the circulation channel 4 are separated by a partition.

[0049] Exemplarily, the circulation channel 4 includes a plurality of channels, and the inner wall of the circulation channel 4 is a porous medium.

[0050] Exemplarily, the heat-conducting phase-change working fluid may be a liquid, gaseous or solid working fluid, and the heat-conducting phase-change working fluid utilizes a phase change process to perform heat exchange.

[0051] For example, the thermally conductive phase change working fluid may include water, paraffin, Freon, etc.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, when the heat-conducting phase-change medium is in liquid state, it is heated at the bottom of the support column 1, evaporates into gas and diffuses toward the upper part of the support column 1. The upper part of the support column 1 contacts the external low-temperature environment, transfers heat to the atmosphere, and after being cooled by the external atmosphere, the internal heat-conducting phase-change medium condenses into liquid, which flows back to the bottom of the support column 1 under the action of gravity and the capillary action of the porous medium on the inner wall of the circulation channel 4 to be heated again, and the heat exchange process is completed in a reciprocating cycle.

[0053] Through the above arrangement, the heat transfer speed of the support column 1 can be increased, thereby accelerating the speed of heat transfer from the inside of the nuclear island plant to the external environment.

[0054] In some embodiments, a hollow structure is formed on the outer side of the support column 1 .

[0055] The hollow structure can increase the surface area of ​​the support column 1, thereby increasing the contact area between the support column 1 and the external air, increasing the speed of heat transfer from the support column 1 to the external air, and further accelerating the speed of heat transfer from the nuclear island building to the external air.

[0056] In some examples, combined Figure 1 and Figure 2 When the nuclear island plant protection structure is set on the containment shell, multiple support columns 1 of the nuclear island plant protection structure are arranged into multiple rings along the center line of the containment shell, and the protection net 2 is covered above the dome of the containment shell.

[0057] The dome of the containment vessel is more vulnerable to impact by external foreign objects. The above arrangement can provide better protection for the dome of the containment vessel.

[0058] In some embodiments, the gap between two adjacent support columns 1 is less than or equal to 4 m.

[0059] For example, the gap between two adjacent support columns 1 may be 4 m, 3 m or 2 m.

[0060] Through the above-mentioned setting, the gap between two adjacent support columns 1 can be set smaller, and large-sized foreign objects whose sizes are larger than the gap between the two support columns 1 can be blocked by the support columns 1, thereby preventing large-sized foreign objects from directly passing through the gap between the two support columns 1 and hitting the nuclear island building, thereby causing greater damage to the nuclear island building.

[0061] In some embodiments, the length L1 of the support column 1 satisfies: 1m≤L1≤10m.

[0062] Exemplarily, the length L1 of the support column 1 may be 1 m, 3 m, 5 m, 8 m or 10 m, etc.

[0063] In some examples, the distance L2 between the cavity 3 and the root of the support column 1 satisfies: 0.9 m≤L2≤9.9 m.

[0064] For example, the distance L2 between the cavity 3 and the root of the support column 1 may be 0.9 m, 3 m, 5 m, 8 m or 9.9 m.

[0065] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the top of the support column 1 can be kept at a certain distance from the outer surface of the nuclear island building, which can prevent the explosion of explosives in the cavity 3 of the support column 1 from causing damage to the nuclear island building, and can enable the support column 1 to block external foreign objects at a position farther from the outer surface of the nuclear island building, so as to better reduce the impact force of external foreign objects and provide better protection for the nuclear island building.

[0066] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area S1 of the root of the support column 1 connected to the nuclear island building 5 satisfies: 0.01m 2 ≤S1≤3m 2 .

[0067] For example, the cross-sectional area S1 of the root of the support column 1 connected to the nuclear island building 5 can be 0.01m 2 、0.05m 2 , 1m 2 , 2m 2 or 3m 2 wait.

[0068] Through the above arrangement, the connection between the root of the support column 1 and the nuclear island building 5 can be made more firmly, thereby enhancing the stability of the support column 1.

[0069] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area S2 of the top of the support column 1 is less than or equal to the cross-sectional area S1 of the root of the support column 1 and satisfies: 0.01m 2 ≤S2≤3m 2 .

[0070] Exemplarily, the support column 1 may be a cylinder, a cone or a polygonal cone.

[0071] For example, the cross-sectional area S1 of the root of the support column 1 connected to the nuclear island building 5 is 3m 2 When the cross-sectional area S2 of the top of the support column 1 can be 0.01m 2 、0.05m 2 , 1m 2 , 2m 2 or 3m 2 The cross-sectional area S1 of the root of the support column 1 connected to the nuclear island building 5 is 2m 2 When the cross-sectional area S2 of the top of the support column 1 can be 0.01m 2 、0.05m 2 , 1m 2 or 2m 2 wait.

[0072] Through the above arrangement, the cross-sectional area S2 of the top of the support column 1 can be maintained within a reasonable range, so that the support column 1 itself has sufficient strength to block external foreign matter.

[0073] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The number of protective nets 2 is multiple, and multiple protective nets 2 are stacked in sequence.

[0074] Exemplarily, the number of the protective nets 2 may be two, three, four, etc. Figure 1Three protection nets 2 are shown, and the three protection nets 2 are stacked in sequence above the containment vessel.

[0075] Through the above arrangement, external foreign objects can be blocked and buffered by multiple protective nets, thereby improving the blocking force of the protective net 2 when blocking external foreign objects, thereby further reducing the impact force of external foreign objects and improving the protection level of the nuclear island plant.

[0076] In some embodiments, the minimum distance between two adjacent protective nets 2 is less than or equal to 0.4 m.

[0077] Exemplarily, the minimum distance between two adjacent protection nets 2 may be 0.4 m, 0.3 m or 0.2 m, etc.

[0078] Through the above arrangement, the distance between the two protection nets 2 is reduced, so that when the length of the support column 1 is constant, more layers of protection nets 2 can be set to block and buffer external foreign objects, thereby improving the protection level of the nuclear island plant.

[0079] In some embodiments, the material of the protective net 2 is a thermally conductive material.

[0080] Exemplarily, the material of the protective net 2 is an alloy material, such as steel.

[0081] In this way, the protective net 2 can assist in dissipating heat from the support column 1, thereby accelerating the speed at which the support column 1 transfers heat from the inside of the nuclear island plant to the atmospheric environment.

[0082] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the protection net 2 is formed by a plurality of cylindrical tubes connected to each other, the outer diameter D of the cylindrical tubes satisfies: 0.005m≤D≤1m, and the cylindrical tubes are filled with a heat-conducting phase change medium.

[0083] For example, the outer diameter D of the cylindrical tube may be 0.005 m, 0.05 m, 0.1143 m, 0.5 m or 1 m, etc.

[0084] Through the above arrangement, the thermal conductivity of the cylindrical tube can be improved, so that the heat on the support column 1 can be more quickly extracted and transferred to the external atmosphere, thereby increasing the speed at which the support column 1 transfers the internal heat of the nuclear island plant to the external atmosphere.

[0085] In some embodiments, the hole area S3 on the protective net 2 satisfies: 0.01m 2 ≤S3≤1m 2 .

[0086] For example, the hole area S3 on the protective net 2 can be 0.01m 2 、0.05m 2 、0.5m 2 or 1m2 .

[0087] Through the above settings, the hole area S3 on the protective net 2 can be set smaller, that is, the holes on the protective net 2 can be made finer and denser, so that the protective net 2 can block smaller foreign objects and improve the protection level against small foreign objects.

[0088] Embodiment 2:

[0089] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a nuclear island building system, which includes a nuclear island building 5 and the nuclear island building protection structure in Embodiment 1.

[0090] Exemplarily, the nuclear island building includes a reactor building, a fuel building, a spent fuel pool and a main control room, etc.

[0091] The nuclear island building protection structure can be set on one of the reactor building, fuel building, spent fuel pool and main control room, or on more than one of them.

[0092] The nuclear island building protection structure can protect the nuclear island building 5, reduce or avoid damage to the nuclear island building system by external foreign objects. Therefore, there is no need to set the thickness and size of the nuclear island building 5 to be larger. The economy of the nuclear island building system can be increased while meeting the safety requirements of the nuclear island building system.

[0093] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nuclear island plant protection structure, characterized in that: include: A plurality of support columns (1) are arranged around a nuclear island building (5); a cavity (3) is provided at the top of each support column (1); explosives and a detonation controller are arranged in the cavity (3); the detonation controller is used to detonate the explosives when the support column (1) is struck with an impact exceeding a preset strength; and, A protective net (2) is arranged between the plurality of support columns (1) and is used to block foreign matter from falling toward the nuclear island building (5).

2. The nuclear island plant protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material of the support column (1) is a heat-conducting material; The support column (1) is fixed to the outer surface of the nuclear island building (5); or, The support column (1) is fixed on the side wall of the nuclear island building (5); or, The support column (1) is fixed on the side wall of the nuclear island building (5) and then extends into the interior of the nuclear island building (5).

3. The nuclear island plant protection structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A circulation channel (4) is provided in the support column (1), the circulation channel (4) extending from the root of the support column (1) to the location of the cavity (3), and the circulation channel (4) is filled with a heat-conducting phase-change working medium.

4. The nuclear island plant protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer side of the support column (1) forms a hollow structure.

5. The nuclear island plant protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between two adjacent support columns (1) is less than or equal to 4m.

6. The nuclear island plant protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length L1 of the support column (1) satisfies: 1m≤L1≤10m; and / or, The cross-sectional area S1 of the root of the support column (1) connected to the nuclear island building (5) satisfies: 0.01m 2 ≤S1≤3m 2 and / or, The cross-sectional area S2 of the top of the support column (1) is less than or equal to the cross-sectional area S1 of the root of the support column (1), and satisfies: 0.01m 2 ≤S2≤3m 2 .

7. The nuclear island plant protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the protective nets (2) is multiple, and the multiple protective nets (2) are stacked in sequence.

8. The nuclear island plant protection structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The minimum distance between two adjacent protective nets (2) is less than or equal to 0.4 m.

9. The nuclear island plant protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the protective net (2) is a heat-conducting material; and / or, The protective net (2) is formed by connecting a plurality of cylindrical tubes to each other, the outer diameter D of the cylindrical tubes satisfies: 0.005m≤D≤1m, and the cylindrical tubes are filled with a heat-conducting phase change medium; and / or, The hole area S3 on the protective net (2) satisfies: 0.01m 2 ≤S3≤1m 2 .

10. A nuclear island plant system, characterized in that: include: Nuclear island plant (5); and, The nuclear island plant protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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