Clearance protection method of wind generating set and wind generating set

Abstract

The invention provides a clearance protection method for a wind generating set and the wind generating set, and the clearance protection method comprises the steps: determining a first wind speed at a first position of an impeller of the wind generating set and a second wind speed at a second position of the impeller based on wind speed data obtained through measurement; determining a first cumulant of the first wind speed in a preset time period before the first wind speed reaches the impeller, and determining a second cumulant of the second wind speed in the preset time period; determining wind shear in a specific direction between the first position and the second position based on the first cumulant and the second cumulant; and performing clearance protection based on the wind shear. According to the clearance protection method of the wind generating set and the wind generating set, the problem that the blade clearance cannot be timely and effectively controlled due to hysteresis of an existing clearance protection scheme is solved, and clearance protection can be adopted in advance, so that the clearance protection control is more timely and effective.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of wind power generation, and more specifically, to a clearance protection method for a wind power generator set and a wind power generator set. Background Art

[0002] With the increase of the impeller diameter and the overall capacity of wind turbines, the overall cost is greatly restricted. The clearance problem of wind turbines has become one of the main constraints in blade design. In the manufacturing process of related wind turbines, clearance measurement modules are generally used to measure the blade clearance value in real time for clearance protection.

[0003] However, in the scheme of real-time measurement of clearance value for protection, the clearance protection control usually responds only when the clearance value is measured to be lower than a certain value. The response speed may be slow and there may be a certain lag. When the clearance protection requirements are high or the wind conditions faced by the unit are more complex, the blade clearance may not be effectively controlled in time, and there is a risk of blade sweeping the tower. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problem that the existing clearance protection scheme has a lag and cannot effectively control the blade clearance in time, the present disclosure provides a clearance protection method for a wind turbine generator set and a wind turbine generator set.

[0005] A first aspect of the present disclosure provides a clearance protection method for a wind turbine generator set, the clearance protection method comprising: determining a first wind speed at a first position of an impeller of the wind turbine generator set and a second wind speed at a second position of the impeller based on measured wind speed data; determining a first cumulative amount of the first wind speed within a preset time period before reaching the impeller, and determining a second cumulative amount of the second wind speed within the preset time period; determining a wind shear in a specific direction between the first position and the second position based on the first cumulative amount and the second cumulative amount; and performing clearance protection based on the wind shear.

[0006] Optionally, the first wind speed and the second wind speed are determined in the following manner: based on a wind measuring device, wind speed data at multiple points on multiple paths pointing from the incoming wind side to the impeller are obtained; based on the wind speed data, the direction of each path, the distance of each of the multiple points from the impeller, and the wind speed processing parameters on the impeller at the current moment, the composite wind speed on each path at the current moment is determined; based on the composite wind speed on each path at the current moment, the first wind speed and the second wind speed at the current moment are determined.

[0007] Optionally, for each path, the composite wind speed is determined in the following manner: based on the wind speed processing parameters on the impeller at the current moment and the distance of each point among the multiple points from the impeller, the target moment corresponding to each point is determined, wherein the target moment corresponding to each point represents the moment when the wind moving to the nearest measurement point at the current moment is at that point, and the nearest measurement point is the point among the multiple points closest to the impeller; according to the wind speed data, the measurement data of the wind speed of each point at the corresponding target moment is determined; based on the measurement data of the wind speed of each point at the corresponding target moment and the direction of each path, the composite wind speed is determined.

[0008] Optionally, the wind speed processing parameter on the impeller at the current moment is determined based on the first wind speed at the previous moment and the second wind speed at the previous moment.

[0009] Optionally, the first cumulative amount and the second cumulative amount are determined in the following manner: the first cumulative amount is determined based on the integral of the first wind speed within the preset time period; the second cumulative amount is determined based on the integral of the second wind speed within the preset time period.

[0010] Optionally, the first position is the upper side of the impeller, and the second position is the lower side of the impeller, wherein the preset time period is less than the most recent measurement time, and the most recent measurement time is the time obtained based on the most recent measurement distance from the impeller in the wind speed data and the wind speed processing parameters on the impeller at the current moment.

[0011] Optionally, clearance protection is performed based on the wind shear, including: in response to the wind shear satisfying different preset conditions, adopting different pitch control strategies, wherein the pitch control strategy includes at least one of the following: based on unified pitch control, controlling the pitch of the wind turbine generator set; based on independent pitch control and unified pitch control, controlling the pitch of the wind turbine generator set; based on independent pitch control and unified pitch control, controlling the pitch of the wind turbine generator set and limiting the power generation power of the wind turbine generator set; controlling the wind turbine generator set to shut down.

[0012] Optionally, in response to the wind shear satisfying different preset conditions, different pitch control strategies are adopted, including: in response to the wind shear and a first threshold satisfying a first preset condition, based on unified pitch control, controlling the pitch of the wind turbine generator set; in response to the wind shear being between the first threshold and the second threshold, based on independent pitch control and unified pitch control, controlling the pitch of the wind turbine generator set; in response to the wind shear being between the second threshold and the third threshold, based on independent pitch control and unified pitch control, controlling the pitch of the wind turbine generator set and limiting the power generation power of the wind turbine generator set; in response to the wind shear and the third threshold satisfying the second preset condition, controlling the wind turbine generator set to shut down, wherein the second threshold is between the first threshold and the third threshold.

[0013] Optionally, controlling the pitch of the wind turbine generator set based on independent pitch control and unified pitch control includes: in response to the blades of the wind turbine generator set being within a preset azimuth angle range, determining an additional pitch angle reference value of the blades based on independent pitch control; determining a unified pitch angle reference value of all blades based on unified pitch control; and controlling the pitch of the wind turbine generator set based on the additional pitch angle reference value and the unified pitch angle reference value.

[0014] A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer device, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing computer executable instructions, wherein the computer executable instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, prompt the at least one processor to execute the clearance protection method for a wind turbine generator set according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] A third aspect of the present disclosure provides a wind turbine generator set, wherein the wind turbine generator set includes the computer device according to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] A fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium. When instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by at least one processor, the at least one processor is prompted to execute the clearance protection method for a wind turbine generator set according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] According to the clearance protection method and wind turbine generator set of the present invention, the first wind speed and the second wind speed at different positions of the impeller can be determined based on the measured wind speed data, and the first cumulative amount and the second cumulative amount within a period of time before reaching the impeller can be determined based on the first wind speed and the second wind speed, so that the wind shear can be determined based on the first cumulative amount and the second cumulative amount to perform clearance protection. In this way, the wind shear determined based on the cumulative amount of wind speed within a period of time can reflect the changing trend of wind and the energy accumulation, which is conducive to predicting the risk of blade sweeping the tower and taking clearance protection in advance, so that the clearance protection control is more timely and effective. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart showing a clearance protection method of a wind turbine generator set according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic flow chart showing steps of determining a first wind speed and a second wind speed in a clearance protection method of a wind turbine generator system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the acquisition of wind speed data in a clearance protection method of a wind turbine generator set according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic flow chart showing the step of determining a synthetic wind speed in a clearance protection method of a wind turbine generator system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 5 1 is a schematic diagram showing changes in a first wind speed and a second wind speed in a clearance protection method for a wind turbine generator set according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 6 and Figure 7 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first cumulative amount and a second cumulative amount in a clearance protection method of a wind turbine generator set according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic flow chart showing the steps of controlling the pitch of a wind turbine generator set in a clearance protection method of a wind turbine generator set according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Fig. 9 The diagram is a schematic diagram showing the pitch azimuth change and clearance protection of a wind turbine generator set in a clearance protection method of a wind turbine generator set according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Fig.10The diagram is a schematic diagram showing a timing of performing independent pitch control on the clearance of front and rear blades using a clearance protection method for a wind turbine generator set according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following specific embodiments are provided to help the reader obtain a comprehensive understanding of the methods, devices and / or systems described herein. However, after understanding the disclosure of the present application, various changes, modifications and equivalents of the methods, devices and / or systems described herein will be clear. For example, the order of operations described herein is only an example and is not limited to those orders set forth herein, but can be changed as will be clear after understanding the disclosure of the present application, except for operations that must occur in a specific order. In addition, for greater clarity and simplicity, the description of features known in the art may be omitted.

[0028] The features described herein can be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided to illustrate only some of the many possible ways to implement the methods, devices, and / or systems described herein, which will be clear after understanding the disclosure of the present application.

[0029] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any one of the associated listed items and any combination of any two or more.

[0030] Although terms such as "first", "second", and "third" may be used herein to describe various members, components, regions, layers, or portions, these members, components, regions, layers, or portions should not be limited by these terms. Instead, these terms are only used to distinguish one member, component, region, layer, or portion from another member, component, region, layer, or portion. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the examples described herein, the first member, first component, first region, first layer, or first portion referred to in the examples may also be referred to as the second member, second component, second region, second layer, or second portion.

[0031] In the specification, when an element (such as a layer, a region, or a substrate) is described as being “on”, “connected to”, or “coupled to” another element, the element may be directly “on”, “connected to”, or “coupled to” another element, or one or more other elements may be present therebetween. Conversely, when an element is described as being “directly on”, “directly connected to”, or “directly coupled to” another element, there may be no other elements present therebetween.

[0032] The terms used herein are only used to describe various examples and are not intended to limit the disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. The terms "comprise", "include" and "have" indicate the presence of the described features, quantities, operations, components, elements and / or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements and / or combinations thereof.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs after understanding the present disclosure. Unless explicitly defined as such herein, terms (such as those defined in a general dictionary) should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present disclosure, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner.

[0034] Furthermore, in the description of examples, when it is considered that a detailed description of a well-known related structure or function would cause vague interpretation of the present disclosure, such a detailed description will be omitted.

[0035] In view of the foregoing problems, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure provide a clearance protection method for a wind turbine generator set, a wind turbine generator set, a computer device, and a computer-readable storage medium to solve or at least alleviate the problems existing in the related art.

[0036] According to a first aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a clearance protection method for a wind turbine generator set is provided. The clearance protection method may include the following steps:

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, in step S110, a first wind speed at a first position of an impeller of the wind turbine generator system and a second wind speed at a second position of the impeller may be determined based on the measured wind speed data.

[0038] In this step, the wind speed data may be measured by wind measuring equipment such as a laser ranging radar, a video camera, and a millimeter wave ranging radar. However, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the wind speed data may also be obtained by other equipment or methods.

[0039] The first position and the second position may be different positions on the impeller. As an example, the first position may be the upper side of the impeller, and the second position may be the lower side of the impeller. However, it is not limited to this. For example, the first position may be the position to the right of the upper side of the impeller, and the second position may be the position to the left of the lower side of the impeller.

[0040] As an example, the first wind speed and the second wind speed may be obtained by reconstructing the wind speed data. For example, the first wind speed and the second wind speed may be determined in the following manner:

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, in step S210, wind speed data at multiple points on multiple paths from the incoming wind side to the impeller may be acquired based on a wind measuring device.

[0042] In the process of wind blowing from the windward side to the impeller, the wind speed may change. Here, the wind speed at multiple points on multiple paths pointing to the impeller can be obtained, so that the change trend of the wind speed can be analyzed more three-dimensionally and accurately. The multiple paths can have different directions.

[0043] For example, Figure 3 As shown, taking the wind measuring device as a four-beam pulse laser radar as an example, the wind speed data of multiple range gates can be measured simultaneously, and the wind speed of each beam at multiple range gates can be obtained. For example, four paths S1, S2, S3 and S4 formed by four beams can be selected to measure the wind speed at two range gates on each path, such as point P11 and point P12 on path S1, point P21 and point P22 on path S2, point P31 and point P32 on path S3, and point P41 and point P42 on path S4. In this way, point P11, point P21, point P31 and point P41 can be in the same plane, and point P12, point P22, point P32 and point P42 can be in the same plane.

[0044] It should be noted that, although the wind speed data is obtained by taking four paths and two points on each path as an example above, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to this, and more or fewer paths may be selected, and / or more or fewer points may be selected on each path.

[0045] In step S220, the composite wind speed on each path at the current moment may be determined based on the wind speed data, the direction of each path, the distance of each of the multiple points from the impeller, and the wind speed processing parameters on the impeller at the current moment.

[0046] As an example, the direction of each path can be represented by the angle between the path and the horizontal line, but it is not limited thereto and can also be represented by other means, such as the angle between the path and the vertical line, the angle between the path and another path, vector coordinates, etc. Specifically, the extension direction of the path can be arbitrary. For example, the direction of the light beam emitted by the laser radar can be divergent. In the case of calculating the synthetic wind speed, the extension direction of the path can be converted to a direction perpendicular to the impeller surface. Therefore, the direction of the path can be represented by the angle between the path and the horizontal line perpendicular to the impeller surface.

[0047] The distance of each point from the impeller may be, for example, the distance from a range gate where the point is located to the impeller, and the distance may be read, for example, from a wind measuring device.

[0048] The wind speed processing parameter may be, for example, an average wind speed, but is not limited thereto, and may also be other wind speed parameters that can characterize the wind speed conditions at the impeller, such as the equivalent wind speed of the entire impeller.

[0049] In one example, the wind speed processing parameter can be measured by an anemometer installed at or near the impeller; in another example, the wind speed processing parameter on the impeller at the current moment can be determined based on the first wind speed at the previous moment and the second wind speed at the previous moment, for example, it can be the average wind speed of the first wind speed at the previous moment and the second wind speed at the previous moment. In the example of determining the wind speed processing parameter based on the first wind speed and the second wind speed, the correlation of the wind speed in time series can be established, so that the obtained wind speed processing parameter is more consistent with the change trend of the actual wind speed and can better reflect the wind speed characteristics on the impeller.

[0050] In step S220, based on the wind speed data, the direction of each path, the distance of each point in the multiple points from the impeller, and the wind speed processing parameters on the impeller at the current moment, the wind speed of each point on each path can be synthesized to obtain a synthesized wind speed on the path. The synthesized wind speed can, for example, represent the average wind speed at each point on the path when the wind moves to the impeller.

[0051] As an example, for each path, the resultant wind speed can be determined as follows:

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, in step S410, the target time corresponding to each point can be determined based on the wind speed processing parameters on the impeller at the current moment and the distance of each point from the impeller in the plurality of points.

[0053] In this step, the target time corresponding to each point indicates the time when the wind moving to the nearest measurement point at the current time is at the point, where the nearest measurement point is the point closest to the impeller among the multiple points on each path. Specifically, the wind is always moving, and the wind blowing to the nearest measurement point at the current time will pass through the point on the above path at the previous target time. The target time is related to the distance from the point to the nearest measurement point and the wind speed. As an example, the nearest measurement point can be on the distance gate closest to the impeller, and the distance between each point and the nearest measurement point can be the distance between the distance gate where the point is located and the distance gate closest to the impeller.

[0054] Taking the wind speed processing parameter as the average wind speed on the impeller at the current moment as an example, the distance of each point from the nearest measuring point can be divided by the average wind speed to obtain the movement time of the wind from the point to the nearest measuring point, so that the target time can be calculated based on the current moment and the movement time.

[0055] For example, Figure 3 For example, based on the distance x between point P12 and the impellerj , the distance x1 to the nearest measuring point and the average wind speed of the impeller The time Δt required for the wind to move from point P12 to the impeller can be determined 12 ,Right now Based on the current time t, the target time can be determined as (t-Δt 12 ). By analogy, the target time corresponding to each point on each path can be determined.

[0056] In step S420, the measurement data of the wind speed at each point at the corresponding target time may be determined according to the wind speed data.

[0057] When the target time corresponding to each point is determined, the wind speed of the point at the corresponding target time can be extracted from the wind speed data, for example, RWS ij (t-Δt ij ).

[0058] In step S430, the composite wind speed may be determined based on the measured data of the wind speed at each point at the corresponding target time and the direction of each path.

[0059] As an example, when the wind speeds of all points on the path at the corresponding target time are obtained, the average wind speed of these points in a specific direction may be calculated.

[0060] For example, the synthetic wind speed U of the i-th path at the current moment can be expressed by the following formula (1): Beami (t):

[0061]

[0062] Wherein, i represents the number of the path, for example, for a four-beam radar, the value of i can be 1, 2, 3, 4; j represents the number of the point on the path, for example, it can be the number of the range gate; θ i represents the direction of the i-th path, such as the angle between the path and the horizontal line; t represents the current time; x j Indicates the measured distance of the jth point, such as the measured distance of the jth range gate; x1 indicates the measured distance of the first point; u indicates the wind speed processing parameter at the current moment, such as the average wind speed; RWS ij (x) represents the measured value of the wind speed along the path direction at the jth point of the i-th path at time x, and n represents the number of points on the path, such as the number of range gates.

[0063] Here, since a wind measuring device is used to measure the wind speed in front of the impeller in real time and the wind speed can be converted to the measurement distance of the first point, risky wind conditions can be identified in advance, so that the pitch can be changed in advance, making the pitch clearance protection control more effective.

[0064] By determining the composite wind speed in the above manner, the wind speeds of multiple points on each path can be comprehensively considered to determine the total composite wind speed of the path, thereby reflecting the wind speed status on the entire path, making subsequent wind speed calculations more accurate.

[0065] In step S230, the first wind speed and the second wind speed at the current moment may be determined based on the composite wind speed on each path at the current moment.

[0066] In this step, the first wind speed and the second wind speed can be determined using the composite wind speeds of each path. Specifically, as described above, each composite wind speed can reflect the wind speed state on the corresponding path. When composite wind speeds of multiple paths are obtained, the first wind speed at the first position and the second wind speed at the second position can be obtained by further fusing these composite wind speeds.

[0067] In the example where the first position is the upper side of the impeller and the second position is the lower side of the impeller, Figure 3 For example, according to the measurement directions corresponding to the numbers of each path, assuming that path S1 and path S2 represent two paths on the upper side of the impeller, and path S3 and path S4 represent two paths on the lower side of the impeller, a first wind speed, for example, which is the equivalent wind speed on the upper side of the impeller, and a second wind speed, for example, which is the equivalent wind speed on the lower side of the impeller, can be obtained.

[0068] Specifically, the first wind speed U1 and the second wind speed U2 can be expressed by the following equations (2) and (3):

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] In this way, the first wind speed and the second wind speed at the expected position can be reconstructed based on the wind speed data. The first wind speed and the second wind speed obtained by the above wind speed reconstruction method can better reflect the wind speed state of the corresponding position, making the prediction of the wind speed more accurate, thereby improving the clearance control effect.

[0072] Although an example of wind speed reconstruction is given above, it is not limited thereto, and other wind speed reconstruction methods may be used according to different measurement locations and measurement methods of wind speed data.

[0073] In addition, although the above describes that the first wind speed and the second wind speed are obtained by wind speed reconstruction, the method for determining the first wind speed and the second wind speed is not limited to this. For example, the wind speed data may include wind speed data near the first position and the second position, so that the first wind speed and the second wind speed can be obtained by using the wind speed data near the first position and the second position through difference, fitting, etc.

[0074] In step S120, a first cumulative amount of the first wind speed within a preset time period before reaching the impeller may be determined, and a second cumulative amount of the second wind speed within a preset time period may be determined.

[0075] In this step, since the wind measuring equipment measures the wind speed in front of the impeller, the wind condition is judged by using the accumulated amount of wind speed in a preset time period before reaching the impeller, which can ensure that the wind condition with the risk of blade sweeping the tower is identified in advance and the unit is controlled in time. Here, blade sweeping the tower can refer to the failure of blades hitting the tower during the operation of the wind turbine, which may occur in extreme weather.

[0076] The first wind speed and the second wind speed may be variable, for example. Figure 5 The trend of the first wind speed and the second wind speed changing in time series is shown, as Figure 5 As shown, the first wind speed may first gradually decrease over time until time t0, and then gradually increase over time; the second wind speed may first gradually increase over time until time t0, and then gradually decrease over time. At time t0, the first wind speed is at the minimum value in its entire change curve, and the second wind speed is at the maximum value in its entire change curve. Here, Figure 5 The purpose is to show the changing trend of wind speed, so no specific values ​​are given.

[0077] As an example, the cumulative amount may be the accumulation of wind speed over time. For example, the first cumulative amount may be determined based on the integration of the first wind speed within a preset time period, and the second cumulative amount may be determined based on the integration of the second wind speed within a preset time period.

[0078] by Figure 5 Taking the velocity curve as an example, the envelope area of ​​the velocity curve can be used as the cumulative amount of wind speed, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the first cumulative amount is the first envelope area s1 of the first wind speed curve U1(t) within the preset time period, and the second cumulative amount is the second envelope area s2 of the second wind speed curve U2(t) within the preset time period. The first envelope area s1 and the second envelope area s2 can be expressed by the following formulas (4) and (5):

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] Among them, t now represents the current time, Δt represents the preset time period, and t now -Δt represents a time before the current time by a preset period of time.

[0082] Here, as an example, the preset time period may be a period of time of any length. For example, the preset time period may be less than the most recent measurement time, and the most recent measurement time may be a time obtained based on the most recent measurement distance from the impeller in the wind speed data and the wind speed processing parameters on the impeller at the current moment, such as but not limited to the time obtained by dividing the most recent measurement distance by the wind speed processing parameters at the current moment.

[0083] For example, the preset time period Δt may satisfy the following expression (6):

[0084]

[0085] Where x1 is the closest measured distance to the impeller in the wind speed data, is the wind speed processing parameter on the impeller at the current moment, for example, the average wind speed.

[0086] In addition, by making the preset time period shorter than the time required for the wind speed to move from the nearest measurement distance to the impeller at the current wind speed processing parameters, it can be further ensured that risky wind conditions are identified in advance.

[0087] In addition, as an example, before determining the first cumulative amount and the second cumulative amount, the first wind speed and the second wind speed may be filtered. For example, the first wind speed and the second wind speed may be subjected to a first-order low-pass filter to obtain a filtered wind speed value, and by filtering the wind speed, the stability of the control may be improved. However, the filtering method is not limited to the above example, and other filtering methods may also be used, and the present disclosure does not impose any particular limitation on this.

[0088] In step S130 , wind shear in a specific direction between the first position and the second position may be determined based on the first cumulative amount and the second cumulative amount.

[0089] In this step, the specific direction may be, for example, a vertical direction, but is not limited thereto, and may also be other directions, for example, a direction that is at a certain angle to the vertical direction.

[0090] Wind shear (also known as wind shear) is an atmospheric phenomenon that can represent the change of a wind vector with wind direction and wind speed at equal distances in the horizontal and / or vertical directions in the air, and wind shear can include positive shear and negative shear. For example, vertical wind shear can refer to the change of a wind vector at a vertical distance in the air, which can include positive shear and negative shear, wherein vertical negative shear can be manifested as a low-distance wind speed value being greater than a high-distance wind speed value, and vertical positive shear can be manifested as a high-distance wind speed value being greater than a low-distance wind speed value.

[0091] In this step, the wind shear may be determined, for example, based on a difference between the first cumulative amount and the second cumulative amount, such as the difference between the first cumulative amount and the second cumulative amount or the difference between the second cumulative amount and the first cumulative amount.

[0092] For example, in an example where the first position is the upper side of the impeller and the second position is the lower side of the impeller, taking the above equations (4) and (5) as an example, for an upwind wind turbine, the wind shear V shear_diff It can be expressed by the following formula (7):

[0093] V shear_diff =s1-s2(7)

[0094] In the above example, an upwind wind turbine generator set refers to a wind turbine in which the impeller is installed in front of the nacelle in the direction of the wind, and the wind will blow through the impeller first and then through the nacelle. The embodiments of the present disclosure can also be applied to a downwind wind turbine generator set (downwind wind turbine). The impeller of a downwind wind turbine generator set is installed behind the nacelle in the direction of the wind, and the wind will blow through the nacelle first and then through the impeller. Still taking the above formula (4) and formula (5) as an example, for a downwind wind turbine generator set, the wind shear V shear_diff It can be expressed by the following formula (8):

[0095] V shear_diff =s2-s1(8)

[0096] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, it is considered that the formation of wind is due to the uneven heating of the earth's surface caused by the radiation of the sun, which causes the uneven pressure distribution in the atmosphere and the air moves in the horizontal direction. Because the airflow changes rapidly, the pulsation, daily changes, seasonal changes and even annual changes of the wind are very obvious, with large fluctuations and are extremely unstable. Therefore, the embodiment of the present disclosure proposes to identify wind shear based on the cumulative amount of wind speed. Since the wind speed changes within a preset time period are counted, the change trend of wind speed can be better reflected through the angle of energy accumulation. The energy accumulation of wind is mapped to the wind turbine generator set, and the impact on the wind turbine generator set is more intuitive and direct, so that the wind shear situation can be judged more accurately, and clearance protection can be performed in a timely and accurate manner.

[0097] Furthermore, although an example of calculating the wind shear based on the first cumulative amount and the second cumulative amount is described above, it is not limited thereto and may be calculated in other ways.

[0098] In step S140, clearance protection may be performed based on wind shear.

[0099] In this step, for example, a pitch control strategy of the wind turbine generator system may be determined based on wind shear, so as to alleviate or offset the reduction in headroom caused by wind shear through pitch control.

[0100] Taking the above formula (7) as an example, when vertical negative shear wind occurs, the wind shear V shear_diffcan be less than 0; Taking the above formula (8) as an example, when vertical positive shear wind occurs, the wind shear V shear_diff It may be greater than 0. A threshold may be set for wind shear to identify vertical negative shear wind conditions. In one example, whether to perform clearance protection may be determined by comparing the wind shear with the threshold.

[0101] As an example, different preset conditions may be set for wind shear, and different pitch control strategies may be adopted by analyzing the current wind shear and the preset conditions.

[0102] Specifically, different pitch control strategies can be adopted in response to wind shear meeting different preset conditions, wherein the pitch control strategy includes at least one of the following: controlling the pitch of the wind turbine based on unified pitch control; controlling the pitch of the wind turbine based on independent pitch control and unified pitch control; controlling the pitch of the wind turbine based on independent pitch control and unified pitch control and limiting the power generation of the wind turbine; controlling the shutdown of the wind turbine.

[0103] Here, individual pitch control (IPC) may be pitch control for a single blade, and an independent pitch control reference value may be determined for each blade of the unit. Collective pitch control (CPC) may be pitch control for all blades, and a unified pitch angle may be determined for all blades.

[0104] In one example, the wind shear and the first threshold V shear_diff Thres1 meets the first preset condition and controls the pitch of the wind turbine generator set based on unified pitch control.

[0105] Here, the first preset condition may be, for example: when the wind shear is negative shear, the first threshold is negative, and the wind shear is greater than or equal to the first threshold V shear_diff Thres1: When the wind shear is positive, the first threshold is positive, and the wind shear is less than or equal to the first threshold V shear_diff Thres1. In this case, it can be considered that there is no risk of tower sweeping and the unit can be operated according to the normal control mode.

[0106] In one example, in response to the wind shear being at a first threshold V shear_diff Thres1 and the second threshold V shear_diff Between Thres2, the pitch of the wind turbine is controlled based on independent pitch control and unified pitch control.

[0107] Here, at the first threshold V shear_diff When Thres1 is negative, the second threshold Vshear_diff Thres2 can be less than the first threshold V shear_diff Thres1; when the first threshold is positive, the second threshold V shear_diff Thres2 can be greater than the first threshold V shear_diff Thres1. In this case, wind shear may bring about the risk of blade sweeping the tower, and clearance protection needs to be performed. Independent pitch control can be introduced on the basis of unified pitch control, so that the pitch angles of blades in different positions can be adjusted by independent pitch control, so that the risk of blade sweeping the tower caused by wind shear can be balanced.

[0108] In this way, independent pitch control can be introduced on the basis of unified pitch control, so that the pitch angles of blades at different positions can be adjusted differently through independent pitch control, so that the risk of blade sweeping the tower caused by wind shear can be balanced.

[0109] For example, Figure 8 As shown, the pitch control of the wind turbine generator set can be based on independent pitch control and unified pitch control in the following manner: step S810, in response to the blades of the wind turbine generator set being within a preset azimuth angle range, an additional pitch angle reference value of the blades can be determined based on independent pitch control; step S820, based on unified pitch control, a unified pitch angle reference value of all blades can be determined; step S830, based on the additional pitch angle reference value and the unified pitch angle reference value, the pitch of the wind turbine generator set can be controlled.

[0110] On the basis of the unified pitch angle reference value, an additional pitch angle reference value may be calculated for each blade, so that for each blade, the unified pitch angle reference value and the additional pitch angle reference value may be superimposed, and the blade pitch may be controlled based on the superimposed reference value.

[0111] Here, the impeller azimuth angle may be the absolute position of the impeller in the direction of rotation. The impeller azimuth angle may have a zero position and change from 0 to 360 degrees during rotation. The impeller azimuth angle may be measured directly, or the impeller speed may be measured and the impeller azimuth angle may be calculated based on the impeller speed.

[0112] The preset azimuth angle range may include a position where the blades point vertically downward. For example, when the zero position is when the blades point vertically upward, the preset azimuth angle range may be a range of 180°±30°. When the blades are within this range, independent pitch control may be performed. For example, when the blades are within the range of 180°±30°, the blades may be controlled to perform a retracting action. Fig. 9As shown, the blades can be retracted when they are at an azimuth angle of 150°, so that the retracted action is maintained when the blades rotate to an azimuth angle of 180°, thereby reducing the wind thrust on the blades when passing in front of the tower and increasing the clearance between the blades and the tower.

[0113] Through the above method, the blades can be periodically and independently changed according to the impeller azimuth information, and the blade retraction action can be performed near the preset azimuth (for example, 180°), so as to achieve clearance protection while minimizing the loss of power generation. Figure 8 The independent variable pitch control described is only an example. In this example, a control strategy of uniformly retracting the three blades can also be directly adopted to achieve clearance protection without judging the azimuth angle of the impeller.

[0114] It should be noted that independent pitch control and unified pitch control can be implemented in any manner. Figure 8 The steps shown are intended to illustrate that independent pitch control and unified pitch control can be combined so that power generation can be maintained with no or minimal loss while headroom protection is performed.

[0115] In addition, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, since wind measuring equipment such as lidar obtains wind speed information by measuring aerosol particles in the atmosphere, in an environment with very little aerosol (for example, the air is extremely clean) or very much aerosol (for example, in foggy, rainy, or snowy weather), there may be situations where the wind measurement data is invalid, which will affect the accuracy of identifying wind shear conditions. Therefore, in response to a hardware failure of the wind measuring equipment, the pitch control unit of the wind turbine generator set can be controlled based on independent pitch control and unified pitch control, thereby protecting the clearance safety of the unit to a certain extent.

[0116] In one example, in response to the wind shear being at the second threshold V shear_diff Thres2 and the third threshold V shear_diff Between Thres3, based on independent pitch control and unified pitch control, the pitch of the wind turbine is controlled and the power generation of the wind turbine is limited.

[0117] Here, at the second threshold V shear_diff When Thres2 is negative, the third threshold V shear_diff Thres3 can be less than the second threshold V shear_diff Thres2; at the second threshold V shear_diff When Thres2 is positive, the third threshold V shear_ diff Thres3 can be greater than the second threshold V shear_diffThres 2. In this case, the wind conditions may be severe, and the risk of blade sweeping the tower due to wind shear is likely to be high. On the basis of performing clearance protection, the unit can also be power-limited to further ensure clearance safety on the basis of performing independent pitch control as much as possible.

[0118] In one example, the wind shear and the third threshold V shear_diff Thres3 satisfies the second preset condition, and the wind turbine generator set is controlled to shut down. Here, the second threshold V shear_diff Thres2 can be at the first threshold V shear_diff Thres1 and the third threshold V shear_diff Between Thres3.

[0119] Here, the second preset condition may be, for example, that when the wind shear is negative, the third threshold is negative, and the wind shear is greater than or equal to the third threshold V shear_diff Thres3: When the wind shear is positive, the third threshold is positive, and the wind shear is less than or equal to the third threshold V shear_diff Thres 3. In this case, the shutdown protection should be triggered immediately because the wind conditions may be extremely bad.

[0120] In the above example, the first threshold, the second threshold and the third threshold can be set according to actual needs. For example, the appropriate threshold can be determined through field tests or design simulations. As long as the three satisfy the above relationship, different levels of thresholds can be set to achieve gradient protection of clearance.

[0121] According to the above example, clearance protection can be performed through an incremental protection scheme, and the clearance protection of the wind turbine generator set can be completed on the basis of ensuring the power generation of the wind turbine generator set.

[0122] According to the clearance protection method of the wind turbine generator set disclosed in the present invention, the first wind speed and the second wind speed at different positions of the impeller can be determined based on the measured wind speed data, and the first cumulative amount and the second cumulative amount within a period of time before reaching the impeller can be determined, so that the wind shear can be determined for clearance protection. In this way, the wind shear determined based on the cumulative amount of wind speed within a period of time can reflect the changing trend of the wind and the energy accumulation, which is conducive to predicting the risk of blade sweeping the tower and taking clearance protection in advance, making the clearance protection control more timely and effective.

[0123] The following will refer to Fig.10 An example of performing independent pitch control using a clearance protection method for a wind turbine generator system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is described.

[0124] Taking the extreme negative shear wind condition under the extreme wind shear (EWS) specified in the IEC-61400-1 standard as an example, the change trend of blade clearance in the time series when independent pitch control clearance is used and when independent pitch control clearance is not used is as follows: Fig.10 As shown in the curve.

[0125] Depend on Fig.10 From the trend in , it can be seen that when independent pitch control is used, the blade clearance can remain basically unchanged even in extreme wind conditions; while when independent pitch control is not used, the blade clearance will decrease. Here, Fig.10 The intention is to show the change trend of the clearance, so the numerical values ​​showing the specific clearance and time are omitted.

[0126] According to the clearance protection method of the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the synthetic wind speed at different positions of the impeller can be obtained through wind speed reconstruction, so as to analyze the risk of blade sweeping the tower. For example, when the whole machine is running in a negative shear wind condition (the wind speed at the lower side of the impeller is higher than the wind speed at the upper side of the impeller), the blade clearance will be low and there is a risk of blade sweeping the tower. In this regard, the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure can realize blade clearance protection by actively controlling the first wind speed and the second wind speed obtained based on the reconstruction according to the actual wind shear.

[0127] In addition, according to the clearance protection method of the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wind conditions can be identified based on wind measurement by wind measuring equipment, and active control can be performed based on actual wind shear in combination with the impeller azimuth information, such as independent pitch control, especially in vertical negative shear wind conditions, to protect the clearance of the entire machine and reduce the risk of blades sweeping the tower.

[0128] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a computer device is provided, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing computer executable instructions, wherein the computer executable instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, prompt the at least one processor to execute the clearance protection method for a wind turbine generator set according to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0129] As an example, the computer device can be a PC, a tablet device, a personal digital assistant, a smart phone, or other device capable of executing the above-mentioned instruction set. Here, the computer device is not necessarily a single electronic device, but can also be any device or circuit that can execute the above-mentioned instructions (or instruction sets) individually or jointly. The computer device can also be part of an integrated control system or system manager, or can be configured as a portable electronic device that is interconnected with a local or remote (e.g., via wireless transmission) interface.

[0130] In a computer device, a processor may include a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a programmable logic device, a dedicated processor system, a microcontroller or a microprocessor. As an example and not limitation, a processor may also include an analog processor, a digital processor, a microprocessor, a multi-core processor, a processor array, a network processor, etc.

[0131] The processor can execute instructions or codes stored in the memory, wherein the memory can also store data. Instructions and data can also be sent and received through the network via the network interface device, wherein the network interface device can adopt any known transmission protocol.

[0132] The memory may be integrated with the processor, for example, RAM or flash memory is arranged within an integrated circuit microprocessor or the like. In addition, the memory may include a separate device, such as an external disk drive, a storage array, or any other storage device that can be used by a database system. The memory and the processor may be operatively coupled, or may communicate with each other, such as through an I / O port, a network connection, etc., so that the processor can read files stored in the memory.

[0133] In addition, the computer device may also include a video display (such as a liquid crystal display) and a user interaction interface (such as a keyboard, a mouse, a touch input device, etc.) All components of the computer device may be connected to each other via a bus and / or a network.

[0134] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a wind turbine generator set is provided. The wind turbine generator set may include the computer device according to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0135] For example, the computer device may be arranged in a control system of a wind turbine generator set to control the pitch control of the set.

[0136] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. When instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by at least one processor, the at least one processor is prompted to execute the clearance protection method of the wind turbine generator set according to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0137] The clearance protection method of a wind turbine generator set according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be written as a computer program and stored on a computer-readable storage medium. Examples of computer-readable storage media include: read-only memory (ROM), random access programmable read-only memory (PROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), random access memory (RAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), flash memory, non-volatile memory, CD-ROM, CD-R, CD+R, CD-RW, CD+RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM, BD-ROM, BD-R, BD-R LTH, BD-RE, Blu-ray or optical disk storage, hard disk drive (HDD), solid state drive (SSD), card storage (such as, multimedia card, secure digital (SD) card or extreme digital (XD) card), magnetic tape, floppy disk, magneto-optical data storage device, optical data storage device, hard disk, solid state disk and any other device, any other device is configured to store computer program and any associated data, data files and data structures in a non-transitory manner and provide the computer program and any associated data, data files and data structures to a processor or computer so that the processor or computer can execute the computer program. In one example, the computer program and any associated data, data files and data structures are distributed on a networked computer system so that the computer program and any associated data, data files and data structures are stored, accessed and executed in a distributed manner by one or more processors or computers.

[0138] The specific implementation methods of the present disclosure have been described in detail above. Although some embodiments have been shown and described, those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments may be modified and varied without departing from the principles and spirit of the present disclosure, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents. These modifications and variations should also be within the scope of protection of the claims of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A clearance protection method for a wind turbine generator set, characterized in that: The clearance protection method comprises: Determining a first wind speed at a first position of an impeller of the wind turbine generator system and a second wind speed at a second position of the impeller based on the measured wind speed data; Determine a first cumulative amount of the first wind speed within a preset time period before reaching the impeller, and determine a second cumulative amount of the second wind speed within the preset time period; determining a wind shear in a specific direction between the first position and the second position based on the first cumulative amount and the second cumulative amount; Clearance protection is performed based on the wind shear.

2. The clearance protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first wind speed and the second wind speed are determined by: Acquiring wind speed data at multiple points on multiple paths from the incoming wind side to the impeller based on a wind measuring device; Determine the synthetic wind speed on each path at the current moment according to the wind speed data, the direction of each path, the distance of each of the multiple points from the impeller, and the wind speed processing parameter on the impeller at the current moment; The first wind speed and the second wind speed at the current moment are determined based on the composite wind speed on each path at the current moment.

3. The clearance protection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: For each path, the composite wind speed is determined as follows: Based on the wind speed processing parameter on the impeller at the current moment and the distance of each point among the multiple points from the impeller, determine the target moment corresponding to each point, wherein the target moment corresponding to each point represents the moment when the wind moving to the nearest measurement point at the current moment is at the point, and the nearest measurement point is the point among the multiple points that is closest to the impeller; Determine the wind speed measurement data of each point at the corresponding target time according to the wind speed data; The synthetic wind speed is determined based on the measured data of the wind speed at each point at the corresponding target time and the direction of each path.

4. The clearance protection method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The wind speed processing parameter on the impeller at a current moment is determined based on the first wind speed at a previous moment and the second wind speed at a previous moment.

5. The clearance protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cumulative amount and the second cumulative amount are determined by: determining the first cumulative amount based on the integral of the first wind speed within the preset time period; The second cumulative amount is determined based on an integration of the second wind speed within the preset time period.

6. The clearance protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first position is the upper side of the impeller, and the second position is the lower side of the impeller. The preset time period is less than the most recent measurement time, and the most recent measurement time is the time obtained based on the most recent measurement distance from the impeller in the wind speed data and the wind speed processing parameters on the impeller at the current moment.

7. The clearance protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the wind shear, clearance protection is performed, including: In response to the wind shear satisfying different preset conditions, different pitch control strategies are adopted. The pitch control strategy includes at least one of the following: Based on unified pitch control, controlling the pitch of the wind turbine generator set; Controlling the pitch of the wind turbine generator set based on independent pitch control and unified pitch control; Based on independent pitch control and unified pitch control, controlling the pitch of the wind turbine generator set and limiting the power generation of the wind turbine generator set; The wind turbine generator set is controlled to shut down.

8. The clearance protection method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In response to the wind shear satisfying different preset conditions, adopting different pitch control strategies includes: In response to the wind shear and the first threshold satisfying a first preset condition, controlling the pitch of the wind turbine generator set based on unified pitch control; In response to the wind shear being between the first threshold and the second threshold, controlling the pitch of the wind turbine generator set based on independent pitch control and unified pitch control; In response to the wind shear being between the second threshold and the third threshold, controlling the pitch of the wind turbine generator set based on independent pitch control and unified pitch control, and limiting the power generation of the wind turbine generator set; In response to the wind shear and the third threshold satisfying a second preset condition, controlling the wind turbine generator set to shut down, The second threshold is between the first threshold and the third threshold.

9. The clearance protection method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The controlling the pitch change of the wind turbine generator set based on the independent pitch change control and the unified pitch change control includes: In response to the blades of the wind turbine generator set being within a preset azimuth angle range, determining an additional pitch angle reference value of the blades based on independent pitch control; Based on unified pitch control, a unified pitch angle reference value of all blades is determined; The pitch of the wind turbine generator set is controlled based on the additional pitch angle reference value and the unified pitch angle reference value.

10. A computer device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; at least one memory storing computer executable instructions, Wherein, when the computer executable instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor is prompted to execute the clearance protection method for a wind turbine generator set as described in any one of claims 1-9.

11. A wind turbine generator set, characterized in that: The wind turbine comprises the computer device according to claim 10 .

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: When the instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by at least one processor, the at least one processor is prompted to execute the clearance protection method for a wind turbine generator set according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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