A casting surface roughness detection device and detection process

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of casting roughness detection, and specifically discloses a casting surface roughness detection device and a detection process, including a mounting frame, on which a first cylinder and a second cylinder are arranged, and a roughness detection mechanism is arranged on the mounting frame, and a grinding mechanism is arranged between the roughness detection mechanism and the second cylinder; the first cylinder and the second cylinder in the present application respectively clamp and move the two ends of the annular casting, and the roughness detection mechanism can perform roughness detection on the annular inner and outer walls of the annular casting, and visualize the roughness detection results of the annular inner and outer walls. Compared with the prior art, the operation difficulty is lower and the cost required for detection is lower, and the presented detection results are more direct. The grinding mechanism can perform targeted grinding for a specific time according to the grinding results presented by the inner and outer walls of the annular casting, thereby reducing the time consumed by continuing to grind after re-detection due to excessive grinding or incomplete grinding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of casting roughness detection, and in particular to a casting surface roughness detection device and detection process. Background Art

[0002] Castings refer to metal parts produced by casting. Casting is a manufacturing technology that pours molten metal into a pre-made mold and waits for it to cool and solidify to form a product of the desired shape. Castings usually have complex shapes and high dimensional accuracy and are widely used in various fields such as machinery, automobiles, aerospace, and construction. Roughness testing of castings is an important part of ensuring product quality, improving processing efficiency, adapting to assembly requirements, reducing friction and wear, meeting industry standards, and improving customer satisfaction. By controlling the surface roughness, the performance and durability of castings can be effectively improved and potential defects can be avoided.

[0003] In the existing technology, casting roughness detection mainly includes contact measuring instruments (such as roughness meters), which accurately measure by contacting the surface with a probe; non-contact optical measurement, such as white light interferometers and laser scanners, which are suitable for surfaces with complex shapes; scanning electron microscopes (SEM) for microscopic analysis; and computer vision and image processing technology, which quickly process detection data through image analysis. These methods can effectively evaluate the surface roughness of castings and ensure that they meet quality standards and technical requirements.

[0004] Regarding the above-mentioned related technologies, when the casting is an annular casting, it is difficult for the existing technology to detect the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting. Castings that fail the inspection will be directly discarded, which is relatively wasteful. In addition, the methods used in the existing technology are either complicated to operate or costly, so improvements are made. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to detect the roughness of both the inner and outer walls of annular castings, reprocess unqualified annular castings to reduce waste, and reduce the complexity and cost of detection, the present application provides a casting surface roughness detection device and detection process.

[0006] The present application provides a casting surface roughness detection device, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A casting surface roughness detection device, comprising a mounting frame, a first cylinder and a second cylinder are arranged on the mounting frame, the telescopic ends of the first cylinder and the second cylinder are coaxial and arranged opposite to each other at intervals, a first clamping plate is arranged on the telescopic end of the first cylinder, a first clamping rod is arranged on a surface of the first clamping plate away from the first cylinder, a first clamping ring is arranged on an end of the first clamping rod away from the first clamping plate, a second clamping plate is arranged on the telescopic end of the second cylinder, a second clamping rod is arranged on a surface of the second clamping plate away from the second cylinder, a second clamping ring is arranged on an end of the second clamping rod away from the second clamping plate, the first clamping ring and the second clamping ring are respectively used to clamp and fix two ends of an annular casting;

[0008] The mounting frame is provided with a roughness detection mechanism, the roughness detection mechanism is arranged between the first cylinder and the second cylinder, the roughness detection mechanism comprises an inner ring, an outer ring, a first fixing plate, a plurality of groups of inner ring detection components and a plurality of groups of outer ring detection components, the first fixing plate is arranged on the mounting frame, and the inner ring and the outer ring are both movably arranged on a surface of the first fixing plate away from the first cylinder;

[0009] A plurality of groups of inner ring detection components are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the inner ring and the first fixed plate, and are used to detect the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting, and visually present the roughness of the annular inner wall in the form of scales; a plurality of groups of outer ring detection components are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the outer ring, and are used to detect the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting, and visually present the roughness of the annular outer wall in the form of scales;

[0010] A grinding mechanism for simultaneously grinding the inner ring and the outer ring of the annular casting is arranged between the roughness detection mechanism and the second cylinder. The grinding mechanism can adjust the grinding time according to the roughness results of the annular inner wall and the annular outer wall of the annular casting.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the first cylinder and the second cylinder are started, and the first cylinder and the second cylinder respectively fix and clamp the two ends of the annular casting through the first clamping ring and the second clamping ring, and the position of the annular casting is moved by extending and shortening the telescopic ends of the first cylinder and the second cylinder. When the first cylinder and the second cylinder move the annular casting to the roughness detection mechanism, the multiple groups of inner ring detection components on the inner ring can perform roughness detection on the annular inner wall of the annular casting, and visualize the roughness detection results of the annular inner wall in the form of scales, while the multiple groups of outer ring detection components on the outer ring The component can perform roughness detection on the annular outer wall of the annular casting, and visualize the roughness detection results of the annular outer wall in the form of a scale. Compared with the prior art, the operation difficulty is lower and the cost required for detection is lower, and the detection results presented are more direct. The grinding mechanism in the present application can perform targeted grinding for a specific time according to the grinding results presented by the inner and outer walls of the annular casting, thereby reducing the waste of the casting and reducing the time consumed for continued grinding after re-inspection due to excessive grinding or incomplete grinding, thereby improving the grinding efficiency of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting.

[0012] Optionally, the inner ring detection assembly includes receiving a first abutment plate, a first elastic member, a first mounting column, a first limit block, a first mounting rod and a second elastic member, the first mounting column passes through the inner ring and is movably arranged on the side wall of the inner ring, the first abutment plate is arranged at one end portion of the first mounting column and is located on the outside of the inner ring, the first elastic member is arranged between the inner ring and the first abutment plate and is sleeved on the first mounting column, one end of the first elastic member is connected to the outer wall of the inner ring, and the other end is connected to the first abutment plate, and the first limit block is arranged at an end portion of the first mounting column away from the first abutment plate. The end of the first abutment plate close to the first cylinder and the end close to the second cylinder are both provided with arc chamfers for facilitating the abutment of the first abutment plate with the inner ring of the annular casting. A first friction layer is provided on the abutment surface between the first abutment plate and the inner ring of the annular casting. The first mounting rod penetrates the first fixing plate and is movably arranged. The inner ring is arranged at one end of the first mounting rod away from the first fixing plate. The second elastic member is sleeved on the first mounting rod, and one end is connected to the inner ring and the other end is connected to the first fixing plate. A plurality of first scale holes are provided on the end of the first mounting rod away from the inner ring.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the first cylinder and the second cylinder drive the annular casting to move in the direction of the first cylinder, so that the multiple groups of first abutment plates are completely abutted against the annular inner wall of the annular casting, the first elastic member is compressed to provide pressure between the first abutment plate and the annular inner wall of the annular casting, the first cylinder and the second cylinder continue to drive the annular casting to move in the direction of the first cylinder, and the second elastic member is compressed under the action of the friction force between the first abutment plate and the annular inner wall of the annular casting, and the first mounting rod partially extends out of the side of the first fixing plate away from the inner ring. When the first abutment plate is in contact with the annular After relative displacement occurs between the annular inner walls of the casting, the first scale hole on the first mounting rod does not appear on the side of the first fixed plate away from the inner ring, and the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting is qualified. The first scale hole on the first mounting rod appears on the side of the first fixed plate away from the inner ring, and the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting is unqualified. The roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting can be visualized according to the number of the first scale holes. Compared with the detection method of the prior art, the visualization of the present application is more direct, and the operation of detecting the roughness of the annular inner wall is simpler.

[0014] Optionally, the outer ring detection assembly includes a second abutment plate, a third elastic member, a second mounting post and a second limit block, a second mounting rod and a fourth elastic member, the second mounting post passes through the outer ring and is movably arranged on the side wall of the outer ring, the second abutment plate is arranged at one end portion of the second mounting post and is located on the inner side of the outer ring, the third elastic member is arranged between the outer ring and the second abutment plate and is sleeved on the second mounting post, one end of the third elastic member is connected to the inner wall of the outer ring, and the other end is connected to the second abutment plate, the second limit block is arranged at one end portion of the second mounting post away from the second abutment plate, The end of the second abutment plate close to the first cylinder and the end close to the second cylinder are both provided with arc chamfers for facilitating the abutment between the second abutment plate and the outer ring of the annular casting. A second friction layer is provided on the abutment surface between the second abutment plate and the outer ring of the annular casting. The second mounting rod penetrates the first fixed plate and is movably arranged. The outer ring is arranged at an end of the second mounting rod away from the first fixed plate. The fourth elastic member is sleeved on the second mounting rod, and one end is connected to the outer ring and the other end is connected to the first fixed plate. A plurality of second scale holes are provided on the end of the second mounting rod away from the inner ring.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the first cylinder and the second cylinder drive the annular casting to move in the direction of the first cylinder, so that the multiple groups of second abutment plates are completely abutted against the annular outer wall of the annular casting, the third elastic member is compressed to provide pressure between the second abutment plate and the annular outer wall of the annular casting, the first cylinder and the second cylinder continue to drive the annular casting to move in the direction of the first cylinder, and the fourth elastic member is compressed under the action of the friction force between the second abutment plate and the annular outer wall of the annular casting, and the second mounting rod partially extends out of the side of the first fixing plate away from the outer ring. When the second abutment plate is in contact with the annular After relative displacement occurs between the annular outer walls of the casting, the second scale hole on the second mounting rod does not appear on the side of the first fixed plate away from the outer ring, and the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is qualified. The second scale hole on the second mounting rod appears on the side of the first fixed plate away from the outer ring, and the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is unqualified. The roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting can be visualized according to the number of the second scale holes. Compared with the detection method of the prior art, the visualization of the present application is more direct, and the operation of detecting the roughness of the annular outer wall is simpler.

[0016] Optionally, the grinding mechanism includes an inner grinding ring, an outer grinding ring, a second fixed plate, an inner grinding drive assembly, an outer grinding drive assembly and a scale feedback assembly, the inner grinding ring and the outer grinding ring are both rotatably arranged on a surface of the second fixed plate close to the first fixed plate, the inner grinding drive assembly is used to drive the inner grinding ring to rotate, and the outer grinding drive assembly is used to drive the outer grinding ring to rotate, and the scale feedback assembly can feed back the number of the first scale holes of the first mounting rod located on the side of the first fixed plate away from the inner ring to the inner grinding drive assembly for adjusting the rotation time of the inner grinding ring, and can also feed back the number of the second scale holes of the second mounting rod located on the side of the first fixed plate away from the outer ring to the outer grinding drive assembly for adjusting the rotation time of the outer grinding ring.

[0017] By adopting the above technical scheme, the inner grinding drive assembly drives the inner grinding ring on the second fixed plate to rotate, thereby realizing grinding of the annular inner wall of the annular casting, and the outer grinding drive assembly drives the outer grinding ring on the second fixed plate to rotate, thereby realizing grinding of the annular outer wall of the annular casting. The scale feedback assembly in the present application can realize the feedback of the number of first scale holes of the first mounting rod located on the side of the first fixed plate away from the inner ring to the inner grinding drive assembly for adjusting the rotational grinding time of the inner grinding ring, and can also realize the feedback of the number of second scale holes of the second mounting rod located on the side of the first fixed plate away from the outer ring to the outer grinding drive assembly for adjusting the rotational grinding time of the outer grinding ring. By accurately controlling the grinding time based on the inspection results of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting, it is possible to effectively avoid excessive grinding of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting, or the need to continue grinding after incomplete grinding and re-inspection, thereby reducing the time consumed for grinding and improving the grinding efficiency.

[0018] Optionally, the internal grinding drive assembly includes an internal grinding drive motor, a rotating disk and an internal grinding connecting rod, the rotating disk is arranged on a surface of the second fixed plate close to the second fixed plate, the internal grinding drive motor is arranged on a surface of the second fixed plate away from the first fixed plate, and the output shaft passes through the second fixed plate and is connected to the rotating disk, the internal grinding connecting rod is arranged on the rotating disk, and one end of the internal grinding connecting rod away from the rotating disk is connected to the end of the inner grinding ring close to the second fixed plate.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the internal grinding drive motor is started, and the internal grinding drive motor drives the rotating disk to rotate. Since the rotating disk and the inner grinding ring are connected by the inner grinding connecting rod, the grinding drive motor can drive the inner grinding ring to rotate, thereby realizing the grinding of the annular inner wall of the annular casting.

[0020] Optionally, the external grinding drive assembly includes an external grinding drive motor, a driving gear, a driven gear ring and an external grinding connecting rod, the driving gear and the driven gear ring are arranged on a surface of the second fixed plate close to the first fixed plate, and the driving gear and the driven gear ring are meshed with each other, the external grinding drive motor is arranged on a surface of the second fixed plate away from the first fixed plate, and the output shaft is connected to the driving gear, the external grinding connecting rod is arranged on a surface of the driven gear ring away from the second fixed plate, and the end of the external grinding connecting rod away from the driven gear ring is connected to the end of the external grinding ring close to the second fixed plate.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the external grinding drive motor is started, and the external grinding drive motor drives the driving gear to rotate. Since the driving gear and the driven gear ring are meshed with each other, the driven gear ring can be driven to rotate synchronously. Since the driven gear ring and the external grinding ring are connected by the external grinding connecting rod, the external grinding drive motor can drive the external grinding ring to rotate synchronously, thereby realizing the grinding of the annular outer wall of the annular casting.

[0022] Optionally, the scale feedback assembly includes a first laser emitter, a first light sensor, a second laser emitter and a second light sensor, the first laser emitter and the second laser emitter are both arranged on the first fixed plate, the first light sensor is arranged in the first scale hole, the second light sensor is arranged in the second scale hole, the first light sensor is used to receive light emitted by the first laser emitter, the second light sensor is used to receive light emitted by the second laser emitter, the inner grinding drive motor is electrically connected to the first light sensor, and the outer grinding drive motor is electrically connected to the second light sensor.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the first light sensor receives the light emitted by the first laser emitter, and the inner grinding drive motor is electrically connected to the first light sensor. Since the first light sensor is installed in each first scale hole, when the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting is different, resulting in different lengths of the first mounting rod located on the side of the first fixing plate away from the second fixing plate, the number of first light sensors that can be irradiated by the first laser emitter is different, and the grinding time of the annular inner wall of the annular casting is adjusted according to the number of the irradiated first light sensors, thereby realizing the grinding time according to the detection result of the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting. The second light sensor receives the light emitted by the second laser emitter, and the external grinding drive motor is electrically connected to the second light sensor. Since the second light sensor is installed in each second scale hole, when the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is different, resulting in different lengths of the second mounting rod on the side of the first fixed plate away from the second fixed plate, the number of second light sensors that can be irradiated by the second laser emitter is different. The grinding time of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is adjusted according to the number of second light sensors irradiated, thereby realizing the precise setting of the grinding time according to the detection result of the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting.

[0024] Optionally, a storage bin is provided on the mounting frame, a storage port is opened above the storage bin, a supporting plate is provided in the storage bin for lifting, an uninspected annular casting is provided on the supporting plate, a discharge piece is provided between the inner bottom wall of the storage bin and the supporting plate, and the discharge piece is used to deliver the annular casting in the storage bin to between the first clamping ring and the second clamping ring for clamping and fixing.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the discharge piece can push the top undetected annular casting in the storage bin to the same height as the first clamping ring and the second clamping ring, thereby facilitating the first clamping ring and the second clamping ring to clamp and fix the undetected annular casting, realizing automatic feeding and making the clamping more precise compared to manual placement.

[0026] Optionally, a buffer layer is adhered to the surfaces of the first clamping ring and the second clamping ring that are close to each other.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the buffer layer can reduce the wear caused by the first clamping ring and the second clamping ring when clamping the annular casting, and can increase the friction between the first clamping ring, the second clamping ring and the annular casting.

[0028] The present application also includes a casting surface roughness detection process, which includes the following steps:

[0029] S1: The discharging part delivers the annular casting in the storage bin to between the first clamping ring and the second clamping ring, and starts the first cylinder and the second cylinder to make the first clamping ring and the second clamping ring clamp the annular casting;

[0030] S2: the first cylinder and the second cylinder drive the annular casting to move toward the first cylinder, so that the first abutting plate completely abuts against the annular inner wall of the annular casting, and the second abutting plate completely abuts against the annular outer wall of the annular casting;

[0031] S3: The first cylinder and the second cylinder drive the annular casting to continue to move in the direction of the first cylinder, the second elastic member and the fourth elastic member are compressed, the first mounting rod partially extends out of the side of the first fixing plate away from the inner ring, the second mounting rod partially extends out of the side of the first fixing plate away from the outer ring, the first scale hole does not appear on the side of the first fixing plate away from the inner ring, the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting is qualified, the first scale hole appears on the side of the first fixing plate away from the inner ring, the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting is unqualified, the second scale hole on the second mounting rod does not appear on the side of the first fixing plate away from the outer ring, the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is qualified, the second scale hole on the second mounting rod appears on the side of the first fixing plate away from the outer ring, and the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is unqualified;

[0032] S4: When the roughness of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting is qualified, the annular casting can be removed;

[0033] S5: When the roughness of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting is unqualified, the first optical sensor receives the light emitted by the first laser emitter, and the second optical sensor receives the light emitted by the second laser emitter, and the roughness of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting is visually displayed according to the different numbers of the first scale holes and the second scale holes exposed on the side of the first fixing plate away from the inner ring;

[0034] S6: The annular casting is moved to the grinding mechanism by the first cylinder and the second cylinder, and according to the number of first light sensors irradiated by the first laser emitter, the first drive motor drives the inner grinding ring to rotate, and grinds the annular inner wall of the annular casting for a specific time, and according to the number of second light sensors irradiated by the second laser emitter, the second drive motor drives the outer grinding ring to rotate, and grinds the annular outer wall of the annular casting for a specific time;

[0035] S7: The polished annular casting is moved to the roughness detection mechanism through the first cylinder and the second cylinder to be tested for roughness again until it is qualified.

[0036] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0037] 1. Start the first cylinder and the second cylinder. The first cylinder and the second cylinder respectively fix and clamp the two ends of the annular casting through the first clamping ring and the second clamping ring, and move the position of the annular casting by extending and shortening the telescopic ends of the first cylinder and the second cylinder. When the first cylinder and the second cylinder move the annular casting to the roughness detection mechanism, the multiple groups of inner ring detection components on the inner ring can perform roughness detection on the annular inner wall of the annular casting, and visualize the roughness detection result of the annular inner wall in the form of scales, and the multiple groups of outer ring detection components on the outer ring can perform roughness detection on the annular outer wall of the annular casting, and visualize the roughness detection result of the annular outer wall in the form of scales. Compared with the prior art, the operation difficulty is lower, the cost required for detection is lower, and the detection result presented is more direct;

[0038] 2. The first light sensor receives the light emitted by the first laser emitter, and the inner grinding drive motor is electrically connected to the first light sensor. Since the first light sensor is installed in each first scale hole, when the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting is different, resulting in different lengths of the first mounting rod on the side of the first fixing plate away from the second fixing plate, the number of first light sensors that can be irradiated by the first laser emitter is different, and the grinding time of the annular inner wall of the annular casting is adjusted according to the number of the irradiated first light sensors, thereby realizing accurate setting of the grinding time according to the detection result of the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting;

[0039] 3. The second light sensor receives the light emitted by the second laser emitter, and the external grinding drive motor is electrically connected to the second light sensor. Since the second light sensor is installed in each second scale hole, when the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is different, resulting in different lengths of the second mounting rod on the side of the first fixing plate away from the second fixing plate, the number of second light sensors that can be irradiated by the second laser emitter is different, and the grinding time of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is adjusted according to the number of the irradiated second light sensors, thereby realizing accurate setting of the grinding time according to the detection result of the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting;

[0040] 4. Continue polishing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Another perspective of

[0044] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of;

[0045] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of part A;

[0046] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of part B;

[0047] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of part C.

[0048] 1. Mounting frame; 11. First cylinder; 111. First clamping plate; 112. First clamping rod; 113. First clamping ring; 12. Second cylinder; 121. Second clamping plate; 122. Second clamping rod; 123. Second clamping ring; 2. Roughness detection mechanism; 21. Inner ring; 22. Outer ring; 23. First fixing plate; 24. Inner ring detection assembly; 241. First abutting plate; 242. First elastic member; 243. First mounting column; 244. First limiting block; 245. First mounting rod; 246. Second elastic member; 25. Outer ring detection assembly; 251. Second abutting plate; 252. Third elastic member; 253. Second mounting column; 254. First Two limit blocks; 255, second mounting rod; 256, fourth elastic member; 3, grinding mechanism; 31, inner grinding ring; 32, outer grinding ring; 33, second fixed plate; 34, inner grinding drive assembly; 341, inner grinding drive motor; 342, rotating disk; 343, inner grinding connecting rod; 35, outer grinding drive assembly; 351, outer grinding drive motor; 352, driving gear; 353, driven gear ring; 354, outer grinding connecting rod; 36, scale feedback assembly; 361, first laser emitter; 362, first light sensor; 363, second laser emitter; 364, second light sensor; 4, storage bin; 41, support plate; 42, discharge piece; 5, buffer layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following is combined with Figure 1-6 This application is described in further detail.

[0050] The present application discloses a casting surface roughness detection device and detection process, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 A casting surface roughness detection device comprises a mounting frame 1, on which a first cylinder 11 and a second cylinder 12 are fixedly mounted, the telescopic ends of the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 are coaxially and installed oppositely at intervals, a first clamping plate 111 is welded and mounted on the telescopic end of the first cylinder 11, a first clamping rod 112 is welded and mounted on a surface of the first clamping plate 111 away from the first cylinder 11, a first clamping ring 113 is welded and mounted on an end of the first clamping rod 112 away from the first clamping plate 111, a second clamping plate 121 is welded and mounted on the telescopic end of the second cylinder 12, a second clamping rod 122 is welded and mounted on a surface of the second clamping plate 121 away from the second cylinder 12, a second clamping ring 123 is welded and mounted on an end of the second clamping rod 122 away from the second clamping plate 121, and a buffer layer 5 is pasted on the surfaces of the first clamping ring 113 and the second clamping ring 123 that are close to each other.

[0051] A roughness detection mechanism 2 is installed on the mounting frame 1. The roughness detection mechanism 2 is installed between the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12. The roughness detection mechanism 2 includes an inner ring 21, an outer ring 22, a first fixed plate 23, multiple groups of inner ring detection components 24 and multiple groups of outer ring detection components 25. The first fixed plate 23 is welded and installed on the mounting frame 1. The inner ring 21 and the outer ring 22 are both movably installed on the side of the first fixed plate 23 away from the first cylinder 11; multiple groups of inner ring detection components 24 are installed at intervals on the side wall of the inner ring 21 and the first fixed plate 23, and multiple groups of outer ring detection components 25 are installed at intervals on the side wall of the outer ring 22; a grinding mechanism 3 is installed between the roughness detection mechanism 2 and the second cylinder 12.

[0052] The first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 are started. The first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 respectively fix and clamp the two ends of the annular casting through the first clamping ring 113 and the second clamping ring 123, and move the position of the annular casting by extending and shortening the telescopic ends of the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12. When the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 move the annular casting to the roughness detection mechanism 2, the multiple groups of inner ring detection components 24 on the inner ring 21 can perform roughness detection on the annular inner wall of the annular casting, and visualize the roughness detection result of the annular inner wall in the form of scale, while the outer ring 22 The multiple groups of outer ring detection components 25 can perform roughness detection on the annular outer wall of the annular casting, and visualize the roughness detection results of the annular outer wall in the form of scale. Compared with the prior art, the operation difficulty is lower and the cost required for detection is lower, and the presented detection results are more direct. The grinding mechanism 3 in this embodiment can perform targeted grinding for a specific time according to the grinding results presented by the inner and outer walls of the annular casting, thereby reducing the waste of the casting and reducing the time consumed for continued grinding after re-detection due to excessive grinding or incomplete grinding, thereby improving the grinding efficiency of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting.

[0053] The buffer layer 5 in this embodiment can reduce the wear caused by the first clamping ring 113 and the second clamping ring 123 when clamping the annular casting, and can increase the friction between the first clamping ring 113, the second clamping ring 123 and the annular casting. In this embodiment, the buffer layer 5 is a rubber layer, and the rubber layer is a preferred embodiment of this embodiment. In other embodiments, the buffer layer 5 can be a soft plastic layer, etc.

[0054] In order to realize the roughness detection of the inner wall of the annular casting, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4The inner ring detection assembly 24 in this embodiment includes a first abutment plate 241, a first elastic member 242, a first mounting column 243, a first limit block 244, a first mounting rod 245 and a second elastic member 246. The first mounting column 243 penetrates the inner ring 21 and is movably mounted on the side wall of the inner ring 21. The first abutment plate 241 is welded and mounted on one end of the first mounting column 243 and is located on the outer side of the inner ring 21. The first elastic member 242 is mounted between the inner ring 21 and the first abutment plate 241. 41 and is sleeved on the first mounting column 243, one end of the first elastic member 242 is welded to the outer wall of the inner ring 21, and the other end is welded to the first abutment plate 241, the first limit block 244 is welded to the end of the first mounting column 243 away from the first abutment plate 241, and the end of the first abutment plate 241 close to the first cylinder 11 and the end close to the second cylinder 12 are both provided with arc chamfers for facilitating the abutment between the first abutment plate 241 and the inner ring of the annular casting.

[0055] A first friction layer is pasted and installed on the abutting surface of the first abutment plate 241 and the inner ring of the annular casting, the first mounting rod 245 penetrates the first fixed plate 23 and is movably installed, the inner ring 21 is welded and installed on the end of the first mounting rod 245 away from the first fixed plate 23, the second elastic member 246 is sleeved and installed on the first mounting rod 245, and one end is welded to the inner ring 21, and the other end is welded to the first fixed plate 23, and a plurality of first scale holes are opened on the end of the first mounting rod 245 away from the inner ring 21; in the present embodiment, the first elastic member 242 and the second elastic member 246 are both springs, and the spring is a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment. In other embodiments, the first elastic member 242 and the second elastic member 246 may be elastic rubber sleeves, etc., and in the present embodiment, the first friction layer is a rubber layer, and the rubber layer is a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment. In other embodiments, the first friction layer may be a plastic layer, etc.

[0056] The first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 drive the annular casting to move in the direction of the first cylinder 11, so that the multiple groups of first abutment plates 241 are completely abutted against the annular inner wall of the annular casting, and the first elastic member 242 is compressed to provide pressure between the first abutment plate 241 and the annular inner wall of the annular casting. The first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 continue to drive the annular casting to move in the direction of the first cylinder 11. Under the action of the friction force between the first abutment plate 241 and the annular inner wall of the annular casting, the second elastic member 246 is compressed, and the first mounting rod 245 partially extends out of the first fixing plate 23 away from the inner ring 21. When the first abutment plate 241 is in contact with the inner ring 21, the first mounting rod 245 is pressed against the first fixing plate 23. After relative displacement occurs between 41 and the annular inner wall of the annular casting, the first scale hole on the first mounting rod 245 does not appear on the side of the first fixed plate 23 away from the inner ring 21, and the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting is qualified. The first scale hole on the first mounting rod 245 appears on the side of the first fixed plate 23 away from the inner ring 21, and the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting is unqualified, and the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting can be visualized according to the number of the first scale holes. Compared with the detection method of the prior art, the visualization of this embodiment is more direct, and the operation of detecting the roughness of the annular inner wall is simpler.

[0057] In order to detect the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The outer ring detection assembly 25 in this embodiment includes a second abutment plate 251, a third elastic member 252, a second mounting column 253 and a second limit block 254, a second mounting rod 255 and a fourth elastic member 256. The second mounting column 253 penetrates the outer ring 22 and is movably mounted on the side wall of the outer ring 22. The second abutment plate 251 is welded and mounted on one end of the second mounting column 253 and is located on the inner side of the outer ring 22. The third elastic member 252 is mounted between the outer ring 22 and the second abutment plate 251 and is sleeved on the second mounting column 253. One end of the third elastic member 252 is welded and connected to the inner wall of the outer ring 22, and the other end is welded and connected to the second abutment plate 251. The second limit block 254 is welded and mounted on one end of the second mounting column 253 away from the second abutment plate 251. The end of the second abutment plate 251 close to the first cylinder 11 and the end close to the second cylinder 12 are both provided with arc chamfers for facilitating the second abutment plate 251 to abut against the outer ring of the annular casting.

[0058] A second friction layer is pasted and installed on the abutting surface of the second abutment plate 251 and the outer ring of the annular casting, the second mounting rod 255 passes through the first fixed plate 23 and is movably installed, the outer ring 22 is welded and installed on the end of the second mounting rod 255 away from the first fixed plate 23, the fourth elastic member 256 is sleeved on the second mounting rod 255, and one end is welded to the outer ring 22, and the other end is welded to the first fixed plate 23, and a plurality of second scale holes are provided on the end of the second mounting rod 255 away from the inner ring 21. In this embodiment, the third elastic member 252 and the fourth elastic member 256 are both springs, and the spring is a preferred embodiment of this embodiment. In other embodiments, the third elastic member 252 and the fourth elastic member 256 may be elastic rubber sleeves, etc., and in this embodiment, the second friction layer is a rubber layer, and the rubber layer is a preferred embodiment of this embodiment. In other embodiments, the second friction layer may be a plastic layer, etc.

[0059] The first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 drive the annular casting to move in the direction of the first cylinder 11, so that the multiple sets of second abutment plates 251 are completely abutted against the annular outer wall of the annular casting, and the third elastic member 252 is compressed to provide pressure between the second abutment plates 251 and the annular outer wall of the annular casting. The first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 continue to drive the annular casting to move in the direction of the first cylinder 11. Under the action of the friction force between the second abutment plates 251 and the annular outer wall of the annular casting, the fourth elastic member 256 is compressed, and the second mounting rod 255 partially extends out of the first fixing plate 23 away from the outer ring 22. When the second abutment plates After relative displacement occurs between 251 and the annular outer wall of the annular casting, the second scale hole on the second mounting rod 255 does not appear on the side of the first fixed plate 23 away from the outer ring 22, and the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is qualified. The second scale hole on the second mounting rod 255 appears on the side of the first fixed plate 23 away from the outer ring 22, and the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is unqualified. The roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting can be visualized according to the number of the second scale holes. Compared with the detection method of the prior art, the visualization of the present application is more direct, and the operation of detecting the roughness of the annular outer wall is simpler.

[0060] After the roughness of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting is detected, it is a waste to discard the unqualified annular casting, and it is also troublesome to reprocess it. Figure 3 and Figure 5Therefore, the grinding mechanism 3 in this embodiment includes an inner grinding ring 31, an outer grinding ring 32, a second fixed plate 33, an inner grinding drive assembly 34, an outer grinding drive assembly 35 and a scale feedback assembly 36; the inner grinding drive assembly 34 in this embodiment drives the inner grinding ring 31 on the second fixed plate 33 to rotate, thereby realizing grinding the annular inner wall of the annular casting, and the outer grinding drive assembly 35 drives the outer grinding ring 32 on the second fixed plate 33 to rotate, thereby realizing grinding the annular outer wall of the annular casting, and the scale feedback assembly 36 in this application can realize the first mounting rod 245 being located on the first fixed plate 2 The number of the first scale holes on the side away from the inner ring 21 is fed back to the inner grinding drive assembly 34 for adjusting the rotational grinding time of the inner grinding ring 31. The number of the second scale holes on the side of the first fixing plate 23 away from the outer ring 22 of the second mounting rod 255 can also be fed back to the outer grinding drive assembly 35 for adjusting the rotational grinding time of the outer grinding ring 32. By accurately controlling the grinding time based on the detection results of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting, it is possible to effectively avoid excessive grinding of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting, or the need to continue grinding after re-detection due to incomplete grinding, thereby reducing the time consumed for grinding and improving the grinding efficiency.

[0061] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 The inner grinding drive assembly 34 in this embodiment includes an inner grinding drive motor 341, a rotating disk 342 and an inner grinding connecting rod 343. The rotating disk 342 is rotatably mounted on a side of the second fixed plate 33 close to the second fixed plate 33. The inner grinding drive motor 341 is mounted on a side of the second fixed plate 33 away from the first fixed plate 23, and the output shaft passes through the second fixed plate 33 and is welded to the rotating disk 342. The inner grinding connecting rod 343 is welded and mounted on the rotating disk 342. One end of the inner grinding connecting rod 343 away from the rotating disk 342 is welded to the end of the inner grinding ring 31 close to the second fixed plate 33. When the inner grinding drive motor 341 is started, the inner grinding drive motor 341 drives the rotating disk 342 to rotate. Since the rotating disk 342 and the inner grinding ring 31 are connected by the inner grinding connecting rod 343, the grinding drive motor can drive the inner grinding ring 31 to rotate, thereby grinding the annular inner wall of the annular casting.

[0062] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5The external grinding drive assembly 35 in this embodiment includes an external grinding drive motor 351, a driving gear 352, a driven gear ring 353 and an external grinding connecting rod 354. The driving gear 352 and the driven gear ring 353 are both rotatably mounted on a surface of the second fixed plate 33 close to the first fixed plate 23, and the driving gear 352 and the driven gear ring 353 are meshed with each other. The external grinding drive motor 351 is mounted on a surface of the second fixed plate 33 away from the first fixed plate 23, and the output shaft is welded to the driving gear 352. The external grinding connecting rod 354 is welded and mounted on a surface of the driven gear ring 353 away from the second fixed plate 33. One end of the external grinding connecting rod 354 away from the driven gear ring 353 is welded to the end of the external grinding ring 32 close to the second fixed plate 33; the external grinding drive motor 351 is started, and the external grinding drive motor 351 drives the driving gear 352 to rotate. Since the driving gear 352 and the driven gear ring 353 are meshed with each other, the driven gear ring 353 can be driven to rotate synchronously. Since the driven gear ring 353 and the external grinding ring 32 are connected through the external grinding connecting rod 354, the external grinding drive motor 351 can drive the external grinding ring 32 to rotate synchronously, thereby realizing the grinding of the annular outer wall of the annular casting.

[0063] After the roughness of the inner and outer walls of the ring casting is tested, in order to avoid wasting time by over-grinding the ring casting or to avoid incomplete grinding, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 The scale feedback component 36 in this embodiment includes a first laser emitter 361, a first light sensor 362, a second laser emitter 363 and a second light sensor 364. The first laser emitter 361 and the second laser emitter 363 are both mounted on the first fixing plate 23. The first light sensor 362 is mounted in the first scale hole, and the second light sensor 364 is mounted in the second scale hole. The first light sensor 362 is used to receive light emitted by the first laser emitter 361, and the second light sensor 364 is used to receive light emitted by the second laser emitter 363. The inner grinding drive motor 341 is electrically connected to the first light sensor 362, and the outer grinding drive motor 351 is electrically connected to the second light sensor 364.

[0064] The first light sensor 362 receives the light emitted by the first laser emitter 361, and the inner grinding drive motor 341 is electrically connected to the first light sensor 362. Since the first light sensor 362 is installed in each first scale hole, when the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting is different, resulting in different lengths of the first mounting rod 245 located on the side of the first fixing plate 23 away from the second fixing plate 33, the number of first light sensors 362 that can be irradiated by the first laser emitter 361 is different. The grinding time of the annular inner wall of the annular casting is adjusted according to the number of the irradiated first light sensors 362, thereby realizing accurate installation of the grinding time according to the detection result of the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting. The second light sensor 364 receives the light emitted by the second laser emitter 363, and the external grinding drive motor 351 is electrically connected to the second light sensor 364. Since the second light sensor 364 is installed in each second scale hole, when the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is different, resulting in different lengths of the second mounting rod 255 on the side of the first fixed plate 23 away from the second fixed plate 33, the number of second light sensors 364 that can be irradiated by the second laser emitter 363 is different. The grinding time of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is adjusted according to the number of second light sensors 364 irradiated, thereby realizing precise installation of the grinding time according to the detection result of the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting.

[0065] Reference Figure 3 , manual feeding is more troublesome, so a storage bin 4 is installed on the mounting frame 1 in this embodiment, a storage port is opened above the storage bin 4, a supporting plate 41 is installed for lifting in the storage bin 4, an undetected annular casting is installed on the supporting plate 41, and a discharge piece 42 is installed between the inner bottom wall of the storage bin 4 and the supporting plate 41; the discharge piece 42 can push the undetected annular casting at the top in the storage bin 4 to the same height as the first clamping ring 113 and the second clamping ring 123, so as to facilitate the first clamping ring 113 and the second clamping ring 123 to clamp and fix the undetected annular casting, realize automatic feeding, and make the clamping more accurate compared with manual placement.

[0066] The implementation principle of a casting surface roughness detection device in the embodiment of the present application is:

[0067] The annular casting in the storage bin 4 is delivered to between the first clamping ring 113 and the second clamping ring 123 through the discharge piece 42, and the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 are started to clamp the annular casting by the first clamping ring 113 and the second clamping ring 123, and the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 drive the annular casting to move in the direction of the first cylinder 11, so that the first abutment plate 241 is completely abutted against the annular inner wall of the annular casting, and the second abutment plate 251 is completely abutted against the annular outer wall of the annular casting.

[0068] The first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 drive the annular casting to continue to move in the direction of the first cylinder 11, the second elastic member 246 and the fourth elastic member 256 are compressed, the first mounting rod 245 partially extends out of the side of the first fixing plate 23 away from the inner ring 21, the second mounting rod 255 partially extends out of the side of the first fixing plate 23 away from the outer ring 22, the first scale hole does not appear on the side of the first fixing plate 23 away from the inner ring 21, the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting is qualified, the first scale hole appears on the side of the first fixing plate 23 away from the inner ring 21, the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting is unqualified, the second scale hole on the second mounting rod 255 does not appear on the side of the first fixing plate 23 away from the outer ring 22, the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is qualified, the second scale hole on the second mounting rod 255 appears on the side of the first fixing plate 23 away from the outer ring 22, and the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is unqualified.

[0069] When the roughness of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting are qualified, the annular casting can be removed. When the roughness of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting is unqualified, the first light sensor 362 receives the light emitted by the first laser emitter 361, and the second light sensor 364 receives the light emitted by the second laser emitter 363. According to the different numbers of the first scale holes and the second scale holes exposed on the side of the first fixing plate 23 away from the inner ring 21, the roughness of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting is visually displayed. The annular casting is moved to the grinding mechanism 3 by the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12. According to the number of first light sensors 362 irradiated by the first laser emitter 361, the first drive motor drives the inner grinding ring 31 to rotate, and grinds the annular inner wall of the annular casting for a specific time. According to the number of second light sensors 364 irradiated by the second laser emitter 363, the second drive motor drives the outer grinding ring 32 to rotate, and grinds the annular outer wall of the annular casting for a specific time. The polished annular casting is then moved to the roughness detection mechanism 2 through the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 for another roughness detection until it is qualified.

[0070] The present application also includes a casting surface roughness detection process, which includes the following steps:

[0071] S1: the discharging member 42 delivers the annular casting in the storage bin 4 to between the first clamping ring 113 and the second clamping ring 123, and the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 are started to enable the first clamping ring 113 and the second clamping ring 123 to clamp the annular casting;

[0072] S2: The first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 drive the annular casting to move toward the first cylinder 11, so that the first abutting plate 241 completely abuts against the annular inner wall of the annular casting, and the second abutting plate 251 completely abuts against the annular outer wall of the annular casting;

[0073] S3: The first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 drive the annular casting to continue to move in the direction of the first cylinder 11, the second elastic member 246 and the fourth elastic member 256 are compressed, the first mounting rod 245 partially extends out of the side of the first fixing plate 23 away from the inner ring 21, the second mounting rod 255 partially extends out of the side of the first fixing plate 23 away from the outer ring 22, the first scale hole does not appear on the side of the first fixing plate 23 away from the inner ring 21, the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting is qualified, the first scale hole appears on the side of the first fixing plate 23 away from the inner ring 21, the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting is unqualified, the second scale hole on the second mounting rod 255 does not appear on the side of the first fixing plate 23 away from the outer ring 22, the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is qualified, the second scale hole on the second mounting rod 255 appears on the side of the first fixing plate 23 away from the outer ring 22, the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is unqualified;

[0074] S4: When the roughness of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting is qualified, the annular casting can be removed;

[0075] S5: When the roughness of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting is unqualified, the first optical sensor 362 receives the light emitted by the first laser emitter 361, and the second optical sensor 364 receives the light emitted by the second laser emitter 363, and the roughness of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting is visually displayed according to the different numbers of the first scale holes and the second scale holes exposed on the side of the first fixing plate 23 away from the inner ring 21;

[0076] S6: The annular casting is moved to the grinding mechanism 3 by the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12, and according to the number of the first light sensors 362 irradiated by the first laser emitter 361, the first drive motor drives the inner grinding ring 31 to rotate, and grinds the annular inner wall of the annular casting for a specific time, and according to the number of the second light sensors 364 irradiated by the second laser emitter 363, the second drive motor drives the outer grinding ring 32 to rotate, and grinds the annular outer wall of the annular casting for a specific time;

[0077] S7: The polished annular casting is moved to the roughness detection mechanism 2 through the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 to undergo roughness detection again until it is qualified.

[0078] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which this application belongs. The words "first", "second", "third" and similar words used in the specification and claims of this application do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "One" or "one" and similar words do not indicate a quantitative limit, but indicate the existence of at least one. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "comprise" include the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprise" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0079] The above are all optional embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A casting surface roughness detection device, comprising a mounting frame (1), characterized in that: The mounting frame (1) is provided with a first cylinder (11) and a second cylinder (12); the telescopic ends of the first cylinder (11) and the second cylinder (12) are coaxial and arranged opposite to each other at a distance; a first clamping plate (111) is provided on the telescopic end of the first cylinder (11); a first clamping rod (112) is provided on a surface of the first clamping plate (111) away from the first cylinder (11); and a first clamping rod (112) is provided on an end of the first clamping rod (112) away from the first clamping plate (111). a clamping ring (113), a second clamping plate (121) being arranged on the telescopic end of the second cylinder (12), a second clamping rod (122) being arranged on the side of the first clamping plate (111) away from the second cylinder (12), a second clamping ring (123) being arranged on the end of the second clamping rod (122) away from the second clamping plate (121), the first clamping ring (113) and the second clamping ring (123) being respectively used for clamping and fixing the two ends of the annular casting; A roughness detection mechanism (2) is provided on the mounting frame (1), the roughness detection mechanism (2) is provided between the first cylinder (11) and the second cylinder (12), the roughness detection mechanism (2) comprises an inner ring (21), an outer ring (22), a first fixing plate (23), a plurality of groups of inner ring detection components (24) and a plurality of groups of outer ring detection components (25), the first fixing plate (23) being provided on the mounting frame (1), the inner ring (21) and the outer ring (22) being movably provided on a surface of the first fixing plate (23) away from the first cylinder (11); A plurality of groups of inner ring detection components (24) are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the inner ring (21) and the first fixed plate (23), and are used to detect the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting, and to visually present the roughness of the annular inner wall in the form of scales; a plurality of groups of outer ring detection components (25) are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the outer ring (22), and are used to detect the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting, and to visually present the roughness of the annular outer wall in the form of scales; A grinding mechanism (3) for simultaneously grinding the inner ring and the outer ring of the annular casting is provided between the roughness detection mechanism (2) and the second cylinder (12); the grinding mechanism (3) can adjust the grinding time according to the roughness presentation results of the annular inner wall and the annular outer wall of the annular casting.

2. The casting surface roughness detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring detection assembly (24) includes a first abutment plate (241), a first elastic member (242), a first mounting column (243), a first limit block (244), a first mounting rod (245) and a second elastic member (246). The first mounting column (243) passes through the inner ring (21) and is movably arranged on the side wall of the inner ring (21). The first abutment plate (241) is arranged at one end of the first mounting column (243) and is located on the outer side of the inner ring (21). The first elastic member (242) is arranged between the inner ring (21) and the first abutment plate (241) and is sleeved on the first mounting column (243). One end of the first elastic member (242) is connected to the outer wall of the inner ring (21), and the other end is connected to the first abutment plate (241). The first limit block (244) is arranged at a position away from the first mounting column (243). One end of the first abutting plate (241), the end of the first abutting plate (241) close to the first cylinder (11) and the end of the first abutting plate (241) close to the second cylinder (12) are both provided with arc chamfers for facilitating the abutment between the first abutting plate (241) and the inner ring of the annular casting, a first friction layer is provided on the abutting surface between the first abutting plate (241) and the inner ring of the annular casting, the first mounting rod (245) penetrates the first fixing plate (23) and is movably arranged, the inner ring (21) is arranged at one end of the first mounting rod (245) away from the first fixing plate (23), the second elastic member (246) is sleeved on the first mounting rod (245), one end of which is connected to the inner ring (21) and the other end of which is connected to the first fixing plate (23), and a plurality of first scale holes are provided on one end of the first mounting rod (245) away from the inner ring (21).

3. The casting surface roughness detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer ring detection assembly (25) comprises a second abutment plate (251), a third elastic member (252), a second mounting column (253), a second limit block (254), a second mounting rod (255) and a fourth elastic member (256); the second mounting column (253) passes through the outer ring (22) and is movably arranged on the side wall of the outer ring (22); the second abutment plate (251) is arranged at one end of the second mounting column (253) and is located on the inner side of the outer ring (22); the third elastic member (252) is arranged between the outer ring (22) and the second abutment plate (251) and is sleeved on the second mounting column (253); one end of the third elastic member (252) is connected to the inner wall of the outer ring (22) and the other end is connected to the second abutment plate (251); the second limit block (254) is arranged at a position where the second mounting column (253) is away from the outer ring (22). One end of the second abutting plate (251), the end of the second abutting plate (251) close to the first cylinder (11) and the end of the second abutting plate (251) close to the second cylinder (12) are both provided with arc chamfers for facilitating the abutment between the second abutting plate (251) and the outer ring of the annular casting, a second friction layer is provided on the abutment surface between the second abutting plate (251) and the outer ring of the annular casting, the second mounting rod (255) penetrates the first fixing plate (23) and is movably arranged, the outer ring (22) is arranged at one end of the second mounting rod (255) away from the first fixing plate (23), the fourth elastic member (256) is sleeved on the second mounting rod (255), one end of which is connected to the outer ring (22) and the other end of which is connected to the first fixing plate (23), and a plurality of second scale holes are provided on one end of the second mounting rod (255) away from the inner ring (21).

4. The casting surface roughness detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The grinding mechanism (3) comprises an inner grinding ring (31), an outer grinding ring (32), a second fixed plate (33), an inner grinding drive assembly (34), an outer grinding drive assembly (35) and a scale feedback assembly (36); the inner grinding ring (31) and the outer grinding ring (32) are both rotatably arranged on a surface of the second fixed plate (33) close to the first fixed plate (23); the inner grinding drive assembly (34) is used to drive the inner grinding ring (31) to rotate, and the outer grinding drive assembly (35) is used to drive the outer grinding ring (32) to rotate. The scale feedback component (36) can feed back the number of the first scale holes of the first mounting rod (245) located on the side of the first fixing plate (23) away from the inner ring (21) to the inner grinding drive component (34) for adjusting the rotation time of the inner grinding ring (31), and can also feed back the number of the second scale holes of the second mounting rod (255) located on the side of the first fixing plate (23) away from the outer ring (22) to the outer grinding drive component (35) for adjusting the rotation time of the outer grinding ring (32).

5. The casting surface roughness detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner grinding drive assembly (34) comprises an inner grinding drive motor (341), a rotating disk (342) and an inner grinding connecting rod (343); the rotating disk (342) is arranged on a surface of the second fixed plate (33) close to the second fixed plate (33); the inner grinding drive motor (341) is arranged on a surface of the second fixed plate (33) away from the first fixed plate (23); the output shaft passes through the second fixed plate (33) and is connected to the rotating disk (342); the inner grinding connecting rod (343) is arranged on the rotating disk (342); an end of the inner grinding connecting rod (343) away from the rotating disk (342) is connected to an end of the inner grinding ring (31) close to the second fixed plate (33).

6. The casting surface roughness detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The external grinding drive assembly (35) comprises an external grinding drive motor (351), a driving gear (352), a driven gear ring (353) and an external grinding connecting rod (354); the driving gear (352) and the driven gear ring (353) are arranged on a surface of the second fixed plate (33) close to the first fixed plate (23), and the driving gear (352) and the driven gear ring (353) are meshed with each other; the external grinding drive motor (351) is arranged on a surface of the second fixed plate (33) away from the first fixed plate (23), and the output shaft is connected to the driving gear (352); the external grinding connecting rod (354) is arranged on a surface of the driven gear ring (353) away from the second fixed plate (33), and one end of the external grinding connecting rod (354) away from the driven gear ring (353) is connected to an end of the external grinding ring (32) close to the second fixed plate (33).

7. The casting surface roughness detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The scale feedback component (36) comprises a first laser emitter (361), a first light sensor (362), a second laser emitter (363) and a second light sensor (364); the first laser emitter (361) and the second laser emitter (363) are both arranged on the first fixing plate (23); the first light sensor (362) is arranged in the first scale hole; the second light sensor (364) is arranged in the second scale hole; the first light sensor (362) is used to receive light emitted by the first laser emitter (361); the second light sensor (364) is used to receive light emitted by the second laser emitter (363); the inner grinding drive motor (341) is electrically connected to the first light sensor (362); and the outer grinding drive motor (351) is electrically connected to the second light sensor (364).

8. The casting surface roughness detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A material storage bin (4) is provided on the mounting frame (1), a material storage port is provided on the top of the material storage bin (4), a supporting plate (41) is provided in the material storage bin (4) for lifting, an undetected annular casting is provided on the supporting plate (41), a material discharge member (42) is provided between the inner bottom wall of the material storage bin (4) and the supporting plate (41), and the material discharge member (42) is used to deliver the annular casting in the material storage bin (4) to between the first clamping ring (113) and the second clamping ring (123) for clamping and fixing.

9. The casting surface roughness detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer layer (5) is adhered to the surfaces of the first clamping ring (113) and the second clamping ring (123) that are close to each other.

10. A casting surface roughness detection process, according to the casting surface roughness detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: S1: the discharging member (42) delivers the annular casting in the storage bin (4) to between the first clamping ring (113) and the second clamping ring (123), and the first cylinder (11) and the second cylinder (12) are started so that the first clamping ring (113) and the second clamping ring (123) clamp the annular casting; S2: the first cylinder (11) and the second cylinder (12) drive the annular casting to move in the direction of the first cylinder (11), so that the first abutment plate (241) is completely in abutment with the annular inner wall of the annular casting, and the second abutment plate (251) is completely in abutment with the annular outer wall of the annular casting; S3: The first cylinder (11) and the second cylinder (12) drive the annular casting to continue to move in the direction of the first cylinder (11), the second elastic member (246) and the fourth elastic member (256) are compressed, the first mounting rod (245) partially extends out of the side of the first fixing plate (23) away from the inner ring (21), the second mounting rod (255) partially extends out of the side of the first fixing plate (23) away from the outer ring (22), the first scale hole does not appear on the side of the first fixing plate (23) away from the inner ring (21), and the annular casting The roughness of the annular inner wall of the casting is qualified, the first scale hole appears on the side of the first fixing plate (23) away from the inner ring (21), the roughness of the annular inner wall of the annular casting is unqualified, the second scale hole on the second mounting rod (255) does not appear on the side of the first fixing plate (23) away from the outer ring (22), the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is qualified, the second scale hole on the second mounting rod (255) appears on the side of the first fixing plate (23) away from the outer ring (22), the roughness of the annular outer wall of the annular casting is unqualified; S4: When the roughness of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting is qualified, the annular casting can be removed; S5: When the roughness of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting is unqualified, the first optical sensor (362) receives the light emitted by the first laser emitter (361), and the second optical sensor (364) receives the light emitted by the second laser emitter (363), and the roughness of the inner and outer walls of the annular casting is visually displayed according to the different numbers of the first scale holes and the second scale holes exposed on the side of the first fixing plate (23) away from the inner ring (21); S6: The annular casting is moved to the grinding mechanism (3) by means of the first cylinder (11) and the second cylinder (12), and according to the number of first light sensors (362) irradiated by the first laser emitter (361), the first drive motor drives the inner grinding ring (31) to rotate, and grinds the annular inner wall of the annular casting for a specific time, and according to the number of second light sensors (364) irradiated by the second laser emitter (363), the second drive motor drives the outer grinding ring (32) to rotate, and grinds the annular outer wall of the annular casting for a specific time; S7: The polished annular casting is then moved to the roughness detection mechanism (2) through the first cylinder (11) and the second cylinder (12) to undergo roughness detection again until it passes the test.

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