A dual preheating SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system and method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of battery testing technology and specifically discloses a dual-preheating SOFC / SOEC hybrid testing system and method. The system includes: an air heating pipeline and a fuel gas heating pipeline. The air heating pipeline is connected to the cathode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack, and the fuel gas heating pipeline is connected to the anode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack; the cathode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack is also connected to the inlet of the burner; the outlet of the burner is connected to the air inlet end of the air heating pipeline and / or the air inlet end of the fuel gas heating pipeline, so that the exhaust gas of the burner can preheat the air and fuel gas participating in the next reaction before being discharged from the air inlet end of the air heating pipeline and / or the air inlet end of the fuel gas heating pipeline. The present application integrates the SOFC testing system and the SOEC testing system, and can efficiently recover the exhaust heat of the exhaust gas and use the exhaust heat of the exhaust gas to preheat the air and fuel gas, further reducing the energy consumption of the testing system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of energy storage device testing, and more specifically, relates to a double-preheating SOFC / SOEC hybrid testing system and method. Background Art

[0002] Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and solid oxide electrolyzers (SOECs) are two important energy conversion and storage technologies with enormous potential for achieving efficient energy utilization and promoting green, low-carbon development. SOFCs are power generation devices that directly convert the chemical energy of fuels into electricity at medium to high temperatures in an efficient, low-carbon, and environmentally friendly manner. They are currently one of the most efficient new energy technology routes for power generation worldwide. SOECs are a relatively advanced and forward-looking hydrogen production technology that can effectively utilize waste heat and provide a stable supply of low-carbon electricity. They offer advantages such as high flexibility, long life, low cost, and the ability to utilize industrial waste heat.

[0003] The existing technology only has SOFC test systems, but no more mature SOFC / SOEC hybrid integrated test system. For example, Chinese patent document CN117571352A discloses a performance test system and test analysis method for a SOFC air preheater. This performance test system includes a burner, an air preheater, an air heater, an air supply line, and a methane supply line and a water vapor supply line that supply methane and water vapor to the burner, respectively. The ambient air provided by the air supply line flows through the cold side of the air preheater and the air heater in sequence, heated to a certain temperature, and then enters the burner for combustion. The combustion product gas generated by the combustion serves as the hot side fluid and enters the hot side of the air heat exchanger to exchange heat with the ambient air on the cold side. This system is used to evaluate the heat exchange performance of the SOFC air preheater and also provides a method for correcting the measured temperature to improve the accuracy of the test results. However, this system cannot implement SOEC mode testing and also suffers from high system heat loss, low overall energy efficiency, and poor total energy utilization efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a high-efficiency SOFC / SOEC integrated test system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the defects of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a double-preheating SOFC / SOEC hybrid testing system and method, aiming to solve the problem of high energy consumption of the testing system.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present application, a dual-preheating SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system is provided, which is characterized in that it includes: an air heating pipeline and a fuel gas heating pipeline, the air heating pipeline is connected to the cathode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack, and the fuel gas heating pipeline is connected to the anode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack; the cathode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack is also connected to the inlet of the burner; the outlet of the burner is connected to the air inlet end of the air heating pipeline and / or the air inlet end of the fuel gas heating pipeline, so that the exhaust gas of the burner can preheat the air and fuel gas participating in the next reaction and then be discharged from the air inlet end of the air heating pipeline and / or the air inlet end of the fuel gas heating pipeline.

[0006] The present application rationally arranges the connection relationship between the air heating pipeline, the fuel gas heating pipeline and the SOFC / SOEC stack, and passes the exhaust gas of the burner into the air heating pipeline and / or the fuel gas heating pipeline, so that the remaining heat is used to preheat the air and fuel gas, thereby reducing the electrical energy required for any mode test, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of the test system.

[0007] The outlet of the first heater is connected to the cathode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack, and air enters from the inlet of the first heat exchanger and passes into the SOFC / SOEC stack through the first heater.

[0008] Furthermore, the fuel gas heating pipeline includes a third heat exchanger and a second heater connected in sequence, the outlet end of the second heater is connected to the anode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack, and the fuel gas enters the third heat exchanger and passes through the second heater into the anode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack.

[0009] Furthermore, the fuel gas heating pipeline also includes a second heat exchanger, a first three-way valve and a second three-way valve connected in sequence, and the second three-way valve is connected to the third heat exchanger; in the SOEC test mode, the fuel gas also enters the third heat exchanger through the second heat exchanger, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve.

[0010] Furthermore, the first three-way valve is also connected to a water vapor supply device, and the water vapor supply device is used to provide water vapor for the fuel gas heating pipeline in the SOEC test mode.

[0011] Furthermore, a third three-way valve is provided on the pipeline between the SOFC / SOEC stack and the burner, and the third three-way valve is connected to the second heat exchanger, which is also connected to the gas storage tank. In the SOEC test mode, the third three-way valve is used to pass a portion of the fuel gas generated by the SOFC / SOEC stack into the second heat exchanger and then into the gas storage tank for storage, and pass the remaining fuel gas into the burner for continued combustion.

[0012] Furthermore, the water vapor supply device includes a water storage tank and an evaporator connected in sequence, and the evaporator is connected to the second heat exchanger.

[0013] Furthermore, the anode end of the SOFC / SOEC stack is also connected to a power supply, and the power supply is used to supply power to the SOFC / SOEC stack.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present application, a SOFC / SOEC hybrid testing method for double preheating using a hybrid testing system as described in any of the above items is also disclosed, characterized in that the method includes the following steps: allowing air to enter the cathode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack through an air heating pipeline, and allowing fuel gas to enter the anode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack through a fuel gas heating pipeline; passing the remaining air after the reaction of the fuel gas and air in the SOFC / SOEC stack into the burner for reaction; and then allowing the exhaust gas after the reaction of the burner to enter the air inlet end of the air heating pipeline and / or the air inlet end of the fuel gas heating pipeline, so that the exhaust gas of the burner can preheat the air and fuel gas participating in the next reaction and then be discharged from the air inlet end of the air heating pipeline and / or the air inlet end of the fuel gas heating pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, in the SOEC test mode, the following steps are also included:

[0016] The fuel gas is also allowed to enter the third heat exchanger through the second heat exchanger, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve; the water vapor supply device is allowed to pass water vapor into the first three-way valve for mixing with the fuel gas; the third three-way valve is opened, and a portion of the fuel gas generated by the SOFC / SOEC stack is passed into the second heat exchanger and then input into the gas storage tank for storage, and the remaining fuel gas is passed into the burner for continued combustion.

[0017] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by this application have the following technical advantages compared with the existing technologies:

[0018] 1. In the SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system provided in the present application, the exhaust gas from the burner is introduced into the air heating pipeline and / or the fuel gas heating pipeline, so that the waste heat of the exhaust gas preheats the air and fuel gas. At the same time, the air heating pipeline and the fuel gas heating pipeline themselves have heating functions, thereby achieving dual heating. The preheating requirements of the air and fuel gas are met with very little electricity, which can reduce the electricity required during testing and thus achieve the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of the test system.

[0019] 2. The SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system provided in the present application includes two test systems, which can realize flexible switching of different test modes to adapt to different test requirements and working conditions; in the SOEC test mode, there is another fuel gas that enters the third heat exchanger through the second heat exchanger, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve, and at the same time, water vapor is mixed into the fuel gas through the water vapor supply device. A part of the fuel gas generated by the SOFC / SOEC stack can enter the gas storage tank for storage after passing through the second heat exchanger, and the remaining fuel gas is passed into the burner to continue combustion to generate exhaust gas to participate in the next fuel gas preheating, thereby optimizing thermal management and helping to improve the overall thermal efficiency and stability of the system; the above-mentioned fuel gas is turned off when conducting SOFC testing.

[0020] 3. The mixed test provided in this application is easy to operate, and the two test methods can be switched at will. By rationally distributing and processing the fuel gas, the safety risks caused by fuel accumulation can be reduced. In addition, both test methods can achieve full combustion of the fuel gas and secondary utilization of the exhaust gas heat energy. Therefore, by passing the exhaust gas after combustion in the burner into the heat exchanger to preheat the air and hydrogen, the overall efficiency of the test bench can be further improved and the power consumption required for preheating the gas can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a double-preheated SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a double-preheated SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system provided in Example 2 of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the double-preheating SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system provided in Example 31 of the present application.

[0024] In all the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same elements or structures, wherein: 1-first heat exchanger, 2-first heater, 3-SOFC / SOEC stack, 4-burner, 5-second heat exchanger, 6-third heat exchanger, 7-second heater, 8-first three-way valve, 9-second three-way valve, 10-third three-way valve, 11-gas storage tank, 12-water storage tank, 13-evaporator, 14-power supply, 15-load. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] This embodiment provides a dual-preheat SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system, which operates in two modes: SOFC test mode and SOEC test mode. The integrated system includes an air heating circuit and a fuel gas heating circuit. The air heating circuit comprises a first heat exchanger 1 and a first heater 2, connected in sequence. The outlet of the first heater 2 is connected to the cathode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack 3. Air enters the SOFC / SOEC stack 3 through the first heater 2 and enters the SOFC / SOEC stack 3. The fuel gas heating circuit comprises a third heat exchanger 6 and a second heater 7, connected in sequence. The outlet of the second heater 7 is connected to the anode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack 3. After entering the third heat exchanger 6, the fuel gas enters the anode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack 3 through the second heater 7. In this embodiment, the anode end of the SOFC / SOEC stack 3 is also connected to a power supply 14 for supplying power to the SOFC / SOEC stack 3. The cathode end of the SOFC / SOEC stack 3 is also connected to an external load 15. By rationally designing each gas path, high integration of SOFC test mode and SOEC test mode and efficient utilization of tail gas can be achieved.

[0028] During the test, air is first allowed to enter the cathode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack 3 through the air heating pipeline, and the fuel gas is allowed to enter the anode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack 3 through the fuel gas heating pipeline; the air remaining after the reaction of the fuel gas and air in the SOFC / SOEC stack 3 is passed into the burner 4 for reaction; and the exhaust gas after the reaction of the burner 4 is allowed to enter the air inlet end of the air heating pipeline and / or the air inlet end of the fuel gas heating pipeline, so that the exhaust gas of the burner 4 can preheat the air and fuel gas participating in the next reaction and then be discharged from the air inlet end of the air heating pipeline and / or the air inlet end of the fuel gas heating pipeline.

[0029] The cathode side of the aforementioned SOFC / SOEC stack 3 is also connected to the inlet of the burner 4; the outlet of the burner 4 is respectively connected to the first heat exchanger 1 of the air heating pipeline and the third heat exchanger 6 of the fuel gas heating pipeline, so that the exhaust gas of the burner 4 can preheat the air and fuel gas participating in the next reaction and then be discharged from the air inlet end of the air heating pipeline and the air inlet end of the fuel gas heating pipeline.

[0030] The aforementioned first heat exchanger 1 is composed of a series of compactly arranged pipes or plates to maximize heat exchange efficiency. It is used to preheat the air entering the system and improve energy utilization efficiency by recovering the exhaust heat in the system burner.

[0031] The aforementioned first heater 2 adopts electric heating or thermal fluid heating to ensure that the air reaches an appropriate temperature before entering the stack, and is used to further heat the air preheated by the first heat exchanger to ensure that the air has a sufficient temperature when entering the cathode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack, so as to optimize the operating efficiency of the stack.

[0032] The aforementioned third heat exchanger 6 is responsible for preheating the fuel gas and at the same time improving energy utilization efficiency by recovering the exhaust heat in the system burner.

[0033] The aforementioned second heater 7 is used to heat the fuel gas specifically, and the heating method is the same as or different from that of the first heater 2.

[0034] In SOEC mode, the fuel gas heating circuit also includes a second heat exchanger 5, a first three-way valve 8, and a second three-way valve 9, which are connected in sequence. The second three-way valve 9 is connected to the third heat exchanger 6. In SOEC test mode, the fuel gas also enters the third heat exchanger 6 via the second heat exchanger 5, the first three-way valve 8, and the second three-way valve 9. Specifically, in SOEC test mode, the optimized design of the fuel gas heating circuit significantly improves system efficiency and flexibility. The second heat exchanger 5, as the starting point of the circuit, primarily preheats the fuel gas and recovers heat energy from the burner exhaust, laying the foundation for subsequent heating processes. The insertion of the first three-way valve 8 and the second three-way valve 9 between the second heat exchanger 5 and the third heat exchanger 6 provides more control options for the fuel gas heating circuit. Each three-way valve can adjust the flow direction and flow rate of the fuel gas to adapt to different operating conditions and requirements.

[0035] The aforementioned second three-way valve 9 is connected to the third heat exchanger 6, which can be used to introduce the fuel gas into the SOFC / SOEC stack 3 in both test modes. In the SOEC test mode, this design allows the fuel gas to be pre-treated by the second heat exchanger 5 and the first three-way valve 8 before entering the third heat exchanger 6 for further heating using the waste heat from the burner exhaust, thereby ensuring that the fuel gas can fully utilize the waste heat from the exhaust to achieve the ideal temperature conditions before entering the anode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack 3. This precise control of temperature and gas flow not only improves the thermal efficiency of the entire test system, but also enhances the adaptability and reliability of the test system. Through this design, the performance of the SOFC / SOEC stack 3 can be accurately evaluated and optimized under different test and operating conditions.

[0036] In this embodiment, the first three-way valve 8 is also connected to a water vapor supply device, which is used to provide water vapor to the fuel gas heating pipeline in the SOEC test mode. Specifically, the water vapor supply device includes a water storage tank 12 and an evaporator 13, which are connected in sequence. The evaporator 13 is connected to the second heat exchanger 5. The evaporator 13 evaporates the water provided by the water storage tank 12 into water vapor, which is then input into the second heat exchanger 5.

[0037] A third three-way valve 10 is also provided on the pipeline between the SOFC / SOEC stack 3 and the burner 4. The three-way valve is used to adjust the flow direction of the fuel gas. The third three-way valve 10 is connected to the second heat exchanger 5, and the second heat exchanger 5 is also connected to the gas storage tank 11. In the SOEC test mode, when the third three-way valve 10 is opened, a part of the fuel gas generated by the SOFC / SOEC stack 3 is passed into the second heat exchanger 5 for preheating, and then the preheated fuel gas is input into the gas storage tank 11 for storage, and the remaining fuel gas is passed into the burner 4 for continued combustion.

[0038] The SOFC / SOEC hybrid test method is performed using the double preheating SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system provided in this embodiment, which mainly includes two test modes, SOFC test mode and SOEC test mode. Figure 1 As shown, the solid line represents the flow path in SOFC mode, and the dotted line represents the flow path in SOEC mode:

[0039] The common points of the two modes are: air enters the cathode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack 3 through the first heat exchanger 1 and the first heater 2, and the fuel gas enters the anode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack 3 through the second three-way valve 9, the third heat exchanger 6, and the second heater 7; the fuel gas and air in the SOFC / SOEC stack 3 react, and the remaining air after the reaction is passed into the burner 4 to continue the reaction; the exhaust gas discharged from the burner 4 is then allowed to enter the first heat exchanger 1 of the air heating pipeline and the third heat exchanger 6 of the fuel gas heating pipeline, so that the exhaust gas of the burner 4 can preheat the air and fuel gas participating in the next reaction before being discharged from the first heat exchanger 1 and the third heat exchanger 6.

[0040] The difference between the two modes is:

[0041] In the SOFC test mode, the SOFC anode side outlet contains residual fuel gas, and this portion of fuel gas enters the burner 4 through the third three-way valve 10 .

[0042] In the SOEC test mode, in addition to entering the third heat exchanger 6 from the second three-way valve 9, the fuel gas also enters the third heat exchanger 6 through the second heat exchanger 5, the first three-way valve 8 and the second three-way valve 9, that is, it contains two gas paths; at the same time, water vapor is introduced into the first three-way valve 8 through the water storage tank 12 and the evaporator 13 to mix with the fuel gas; the three ways of the third three-way valve 10 are fully opened, and a part of the fuel gas generated by the SOFC / SOEC stack 3 is introduced into the second heat exchanger 5 and then input into the gas storage tank 11 for storage, and the remaining fuel gas is introduced into the burner 4 for continued combustion.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] This embodiment provides a double preheating SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system, such as Figure 2 As shown, the difference from Example 1 is that the outlet of the burner 4 is connected to one of the inlets of the first heat exchanger 1, and one outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to an inlet of the third heat exchanger 6, so that the exhaust gas can preheat the air in the first heat exchanger and heat the fuel gas in the third heat exchanger 6 in turn, and the exhaust gas after heat exchange is discharged from the third heat exchanger 6 to the external environment.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] This embodiment provides a double preheating SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system, such as Figure 3 As shown, the difference from Example 1 and Example 2 is that the outlet of the burner 4 is connected to one of the inlets of the third heat exchanger 6, and one outlet of the third heat exchanger 6 is connected to an inlet of the first heat exchanger 1, so that the exhaust gas can preheat the fuel gas in the third heat exchanger 6 and exchange heat with the air in the first heat exchanger 1 in turn, and the exhaust gas after heat exchange is discharged from the first heat exchanger 1 to the external environment where the material gas is preheated and then discharged from the air inlet end of the air heating pipeline and / or the air inlet end of the fuel gas heating pipeline.

[0047] In general, the dual-preheating SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system provided in this application can further reduce the test power consumption in SOFC mode and SOEC mode while ensuring the preheating temperature of air and fuel gas.

[0048] It should be understood that expressions such as "include" and "may include" used in this application indicate the existence of the disclosed functions, operations, or constituent elements, and do not limit one or more additional functions, operations, and constituent elements. In this application, terms such as "include" and / or "have" may be interpreted as indicating a specific characteristic, number, operation, constituent element, component, or combination thereof, but may not be interpreted as excluding the existence or possibility of adding one or more other characteristics, numbers, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0049] It should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0050] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0051] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0052] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A double preheating SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system, characterized in that: include: An air heating pipeline and a fuel gas heating pipeline, wherein the air heating pipeline is connected to the cathode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack (3), and the fuel gas heating pipeline comprises a third heat exchanger (6) and a second heater (7) connected in sequence, wherein the outlet end of the second heater (7) is connected to the anode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack (3), and the fuel gas enters the third heat exchanger (6) and then passes through the second heater (7) into the anode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack (3); the fuel gas heating pipeline further comprises a second heat exchanger (5), a first three-way valve (8) and a second three-way valve (9) connected in sequence, The second three-way valve (9) is connected to the third heat exchanger (6); in the SOEC test mode, the fuel gas also enters the third heat exchanger (6) via the second heat exchanger (5), the first three-way valve (8) and the second three-way valve (9); the cathode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack (3) is also connected to the inlet of the burner (4); the outlet of the burner (4) is connected to the air inlet end of the air heating pipeline and / or the air inlet end of the fuel gas heating pipeline, so that the exhaust gas of the burner (4) can preheat the air and fuel gas participating in the next reaction and then be discharged from the air inlet end of the air heating pipeline and / or the air inlet end of the fuel gas heating pipeline.

2. The dual preheating SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air heating pipeline comprises a first heat exchanger (1) and a first heater (2) connected in sequence, the outlet of the first heater (2) being connected to the cathode side of the SOFC / SOEC stack (3), and air entering from the inlet of the first heat exchanger (1) and passing through the first heater (2) into the SOFC / SOEC stack (3).

3. The double preheating SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first three-way valve (8) is also connected to a water vapor supply device, and the water vapor supply device is used to provide water vapor for the fuel gas heating pipeline in the SOEC test mode.

4. The double preheating SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third three-way valve (10) is further provided on the pipeline between the SOFC / SOEC stack (3) and the burner (4), and the third three-way valve (10) is connected to the second heat exchanger (5), and the second heat exchanger (5) is further connected to the gas storage tank (11); in the SOEC test mode, the third three-way valve (10) is used to pass a portion of the fuel gas generated by the SOFC / SOEC stack (3) into the second heat exchanger (5) and then into the gas storage tank (11) for storage, and to pass the remaining fuel gas into the burner (4) for continued combustion.

5. The double preheating SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water vapor supply device comprises a water storage tank (12) and an evaporator (13) connected in sequence, and the evaporator (13) is connected to the second heat exchanger (5).

6. The dual preheating SOFC / SOEC hybrid test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode end of the SOFC / SOEC stack (3) is also connected to a power supply (14).

7. A SOFC / SOEC hybrid testing method using a hybrid testing system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for double preheating, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: allowing air to enter the cathode side of a SOFC / SOEC stack (3) through an air heating pipeline, and allowing fuel gas to enter the anode side of a SOFC / SOEC stack (3) through a fuel gas heating pipeline; passing the remaining air after the fuel gas and air in the SOFC / SOEC stack (3) into a burner (4) for reaction; and allowing the tail gas of the burner (4) after the reaction to enter the air inlet end of the air heating pipeline and / or the air inlet end of the fuel gas heating pipeline, so that the tail gas of the burner (4) can preheat the air and fuel gas to participate in the next reaction and then be discharged from the air inlet end of the air heating pipeline and / or the air inlet end of the fuel gas heating pipeline.

8. The double preheating SOFC / SOEC hybrid testing method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In SOEC test mode, the following steps are also included: The fuel gas is further passed through the second heat exchanger (5), the first three-way valve (8) and the second three-way valve (9) into the third heat exchanger (6); the water vapor supply device is caused to pass water vapor into the first three-way valve (8) to mix with the fuel gas; the third three-way valve (10) is opened, a portion of the fuel gas generated by the SOFC / SOEC stack (3) is passed into the second heat exchanger (5) and then input into the gas storage tank (11) for storage, and the remaining fuel gas is passed into the burner (4) for continued combustion.

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