Device and identification method for rapidly and in-situ identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater

Abstract

The present invention provides a device and a recognition method for quickly in-situ recognizing the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater. The device includes an outer pipe body, an inner core pipe, a drill bit, a first measuring pipe, a second measuring pipe, and a vacuum pumping device. Side through holes are provided on the side wall of the outer pipe body. The outer pipe body is fixedly connected to the inner core pipe through a bottom wall orifice. The drill bit is detachably connected to the lower end of the inner core pipe. The first measuring pipe is communicated with the second measuring pipe. The first measuring pipe extends into the inner core pipe, and the second measuring pipe extends into the outer pipe body and is located outside the inner core pipe. When the vacuum pumping device is communicated with both the first measuring pipe and the second measuring pipe, it is used to pump out the air in the first measuring pipe and the second measuring pipe. This method constructs a relatively closed system that integrates river water level and groundwater. Based on the relative height of the liquid surface in the static state or the flow direction in the moving state, the rapid recognition of the river water-groundwater exchange relationship at any position of the river is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of groundwater level detection, and in particular to a device and a method for quickly and in-situ identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater. Background Art

[0002] River water and groundwater are two important forms of water resource existence, and there is a close hydraulic exchange relationship between them. This exchange has an important impact on the ecological environment of rivers and groundwater. Essentially, the river water-groundwater exchange is driven by the water level (hydraulic head) difference between the two. The river water level refers to the elevation of the river water surface, while the groundwater level refers to the elevation of the groundwater phreatic surface (free surface). When the river water level is higher than the groundwater level, the water, nutrients, or pollutants (if any) in the river will flow into the underground aquifer, affecting the groundwater quality; when the river water level is lower than the groundwater level, the water, nutrients, or pollutants in the groundwater will flow into the river, affecting the river water volume and quality. Therefore, from the perspective of hydrodynamics, as long as the relative height of the river water level and the groundwater level is identified, the exchange direction (exchange relationship) between river water and groundwater can be judged.

[0003] In order to judge the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater, the prior art often adopts the method of separately measuring the river water level and the groundwater level for judgment. However, this method may have several disadvantages.

[0004] Disadvantage 1: When the groundwater level measurement point is close to the river, it is difficult to accurately measure the water level difference between the two. Generally, the hydraulic gradient between river water and groundwater is small. When the two are close to each other, the water level difference is difficult to accurately identify. For example, assuming that the hydraulic gradient between the groundwater level and the river water level is one-thousandth, then the difference between the groundwater level and the river water level within 10 meters of the river will be less than 1 centimeter. This is a huge challenge for both surface water level measurement and groundwater level measurement.

[0005] Disadvantage 2: When the groundwater level measurement point is far from the river, it is difficult to reflect the true exchange relationship between river water and groundwater. In order to ensure an obvious water level difference between river water and groundwater, the prior art generally selects a groundwater well at a certain distance from the river to measure the groundwater level. For example, assuming that the hydraulic gradient between the groundwater level and the river water level is one-thousandth, in order to ensure that the difference between the groundwater level and the river water level is greater than 0.1 meters, the groundwater level measurement point should be more than 100 meters away from the river. However, if the river water is in a leakage state at this time but the leakage range is less than 100 meters, then the river water-groundwater exchange relationship obtained by measuring the groundwater level more than 100 meters away will be opposite to the actual river channel leakage situation.

[0006] Disadvantage 3: Identifying the river water-groundwater exchange relationship in unmonitored areas is time-consuming and laborious. Existing studies on river water-groundwater exchange are often based on fixed river water level monitoring points and groundwater level monitoring points. When there are no groundwater wells near the river location of concern, people often have to resort to manual drilling to obtain groundwater levels. However, in addition to the tediousness of manual drilling, the calculation of groundwater level elevation is inseparable from the accurate measurement of surface elevation, and the accurate measurement of surface elevation is inseparable from the help of RTK devices. Therefore, obtaining river water and groundwater levels in unmonitored areas may be time-consuming and laborious, requiring the participation of multiple people.

[0007] Therefore, it is difficult to measure the relative height of the river water level and the groundwater level in situ on the riverbed of the river in the prior art, and the measurement method is time-consuming, laborious and inefficient. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for quickly identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater in situ, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that it is difficult to measure the relative height of the river water level and the groundwater level in situ on the riverbed of the river, and the measurement method is laborious and inefficient. The preferred technical solutions among the many technical solutions provided by the present invention can produce many technical effects as described below.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] The device for quickly identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater in situ provided by the present invention comprises an outer tube body, an inner core tube, a drill bit, a first measuring tube, a second measuring tube and a vacuum device, wherein:

[0011] The side wall of the outer tube body is provided with a side through hole allowing river water to enter therein, the inner core tube is fixed in the outer tube body, and the inner core tube is sealed with the bottom wall of the outer tube body, the drill bit is detachably connected to the lower end of the inner core tube, and the drill bit is used to drill into the riverbed;

[0012] The first measuring tube is connected to the second measuring tube, the first measuring tube extends into the inner core tube, and the second measuring tube extends into the outer tube body and is located outside the inner core tube;

[0013] When the vacuum device is connected to the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube, the vacuum device is used to extract the air in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube, so as to compare the water levels in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube.

[0014] Preferably, a solvent input port is also connected to the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube. The solvent input port has an open state and a closed state. When in the open state, a colored solvent can enter the first measuring tube and / or the second measuring tube through the solvent input port.

[0015] Preferably, the device further includes a four-way valve located outside the outer tube body. Two of the ports of the four-way valve are respectively fixedly connected to and communicate with the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube; another port of the four-way valve is connected to the vacuum pumping device, and the fourth port of the four-way valve serves as the solvent input port.

[0016] Preferably, a conduit is connected to the fourth port of the four-way valve, and a valve body is provided on the conduit. When the valve body is open, the solvent input port is in the open state; when the valve body is closed, the solvent input port is in the closed state.

[0017] Preferably, the first measuring tube includes a first bent tube portion and a first straight tube portion fixedly connected. The first bent tube portion communicates with one of the ports of the four-way valve, and the first straight tube portion extends into the inner core tube;

[0018] Alternatively, the first measuring tube is a flexible hose.

[0019] Preferably, the second measuring tube includes a second bent tube portion and a second straight tube portion fixedly connected. The second bent tube portion communicates with one of the ports of the four-way valve, and the second straight tube portion extends into the outer tube body;

[0020] Alternatively, the second measuring tube is a flexible hose.

[0021] Preferably, a central through hole is provided on the bottom wall of the outer tube body, and the inner core tube passes through the central through hole and is in sealing cooperation with the side wall of the central through hole.

[0022] Preferably, the drill bit is threadedly connected to the inner core tube.

[0023] The present invention provides an identification method using the above device for quickly and in-situ identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater. The identification method includes:

[0024] Drill the drill bit into the target depth of the riverbed to connect the groundwater with the inner core tube and reveal the stable groundwater level; sleeved the outer tube body onto the inner core tube, and the river water enters the outer tube body through the side through holes to reveal the stable river water level; connect the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube to the water bodies in the inner core tube and the outer tube body through the four-way valve, thereby establishing a closed system;

[0025] The vacuum extraction device extracts the air in the first measurement tube and the second measurement tube, so that groundwater and river water are simultaneously lifted in the corresponding first measurement tube and second measurement tube;

[0026] Compare the water levels in the first measurement tube and the second measurement tube, so as to obtain the relative water levels of groundwater and river water.

[0027] Preferably, the first measurement tube and the second measurement tube are also connected with a solvent input port, and the solvent input port has an open state and a closed state;

[0028] The method further includes: keeping the solvent input port in the open state, while the vacuum extraction device evacuates air to lift the water body heights in the first measurement tube and the second measurement tube, sucking the colored solvent into the communicating part of the first measurement tube and the second measurement tube, and mixing it with the water bodies in the first measurement tube and the second measurement tube;

[0029] Keep the solvent input port in the closed state, and observe the movement direction of the colored solvent in the closed system; if the colored solvent flows from the first measurement tube to the second measurement tube, the groundwater level is higher than the river water level; if the colored solvent flows from the second measurement tube to the first measurement tube, the river water level is higher than the groundwater level.

[0030] The device and the identification method for quickly and in-situ identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0031] By the method of in-situ measuring the relative heights of river water level and groundwater level to qualitatively identify the river water-groundwater exchange relationship, through two tubular structures with different diameters of the outer tube body and the inner core tube, the stable river water level and groundwater level are respectively revealed; a relatively closed system integrating the river water level and the groundwater level can be constructed, and based on the relative height of the liquid surface in the static state or the flow direction in the moving state, the rapid identification of the river water-groundwater exchange relationship at any position of the river is realized; using this device to quickly and in-situ identify the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater is simple and convenient, and improves the measurement efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0033] Figure 1It is a schematic structural diagram of a device for quickly and in-situ identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic principle diagram of a device for quickly and in-situ identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic flow principle diagram of the identification method;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the handle.

[0037] In the figure, 1. outer pipe body; 2. inner core pipe; 3. drill bit; 4. first measuring pipe; 5. second measuring pipe; 6. four-way valve; 7. valve body; 8. side through hole; 9. handle; 100. riverbed; 200. vadose zone. Detailed implementation mode

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other implementation manners obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope protected by the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "length", "width", "height", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "side", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0040] In the prior art, in order to judge the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater, the prior art often adopts the method of separately measuring the river water level and the groundwater level for judgment. However, this method may have multiple disadvantages.

[0041] Disadvantage 1: When the groundwater level measurement point is relatively close to the river, it is difficult to accurately measure the water level difference between the two. Generally, the hydraulic gradient between river water and groundwater is small. When the two are relatively close, the water level difference is difficult to accurately identify. For example, assuming that the hydraulic gradient between the groundwater level and the river water level is one-thousandth, then the difference between the groundwater level and the river water level within 10 meters of the river will be less than 1 centimeter. This is a huge challenge for both surface water level measurement and groundwater level measurement.

[0042] Disadvantage 2: When the groundwater level measurement point is far from the river, it is difficult to reflect the true exchange relationship between river water and groundwater. To ensure an obvious water level difference between river water and groundwater, the prior art generally selects groundwater wells at a certain distance from the river to measure the groundwater level. For example, assuming that the hydraulic gradient between the groundwater level and the river water level is one-thousandth, to ensure that the water level difference between the groundwater level and the river water level is greater than 0.1 m, the groundwater level measurement point should be more than 100 m away from the river. However, if the river water is in a leakage state at this time but the leakage range is less than 100 m, then the river water-groundwater exchange relationship obtained by measuring the groundwater level more than 100 m away will be contrary to the actual river channel leakage situation.

[0043] Disadvantage 3: Identifying the river water-groundwater exchange relationship in unmonitored areas is time-consuming and laborious. Existing research on river water-groundwater exchange often relies on fixed river water level monitoring points and groundwater level monitoring points. When there is no groundwater well near the river location of concern, people often have to use the method of manual drilling to obtain the groundwater level. However, in addition to the cumbersome manual drilling, the elevation calculation of the groundwater level is inseparable from the accurate measurement of the surface elevation, and the accurate measurement of the surface elevation is inseparable from the help of RTK devices. Therefore, obtaining the river water and groundwater levels in unmonitored areas may be time-consuming and laborious and requires the joint participation of multiple people.

[0044] In the prior art, it is difficult to measure the relative height of the river water level and the groundwater level in situ on the riverbed of the river, and the measurement method is time-consuming, laborious and inefficient.

[0045] In view of the above problems, the embodiments of the present invention provide a device and an identification method for quickly identifying the river water-groundwater exchange relationship in situ, which can quickly identify the river water-groundwater exchange relationship in situ, is simple and convenient, and improves the measurement efficiency.

[0046] The following combines Figures 1 - 3 to elaborate on the technical solution provided by the present invention in more detail.

[0047] Embodiment 1:

[0048] The device for quickly and in-situ identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater provided by the present invention includes an outer tube body 1, an inner core tube 2, a drill bit 3, a first measuring tube 4, a second measuring tube 5, and a vacuum pumping device. Among them: a side through hole 8 allowing river water to enter is provided on the side wall of the outer tube body 1; the inner core tube 2 is fixed inside the outer tube body 1, and the inner core tube 2 is in sealing cooperation with the bottom wall of the outer tube body 1; the drill bit 3 is detachably connected to the lower end of the inner core tube 2, and the drill bit 3 is used for drilling into the riverbed 100; the first measuring tube 4 is communicated with the second measuring tube 5, the first measuring tube 4 extends into the inner core tube 2, and the second measuring tube 5 extends into the outer tube body 1 and is located outside the inner core tube 2; when the vacuum pumping device is communicated with both the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5, it is used for pumping out the air in the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5, so as to compare the water levels in the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5.

[0049] Among them, the vacuum pumping device can be a vacuum pump or a manual pressing pump in the prior art, etc., which is used for pumping out the air in a closed system, so that the groundwater is lifted in the first measuring tube 4 and the river water is lifted in the second measuring tube 5.

[0050] The device for quickly and in-situ identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater in this embodiment qualitatively identifies the river water-groundwater exchange relationship by the method of in-situ measuring the relative height of the river water level and the groundwater level. Through two tubular structures with different diameters, namely the outer tube body 1 and the inner core tube 2, the stable river water level and groundwater level can be respectively revealed; a relatively closed system integrating the river water level and the groundwater level can be constructed. Based on the relative height of the liquid surface in the static state or the flow direction in the moving state, the rapid identification of the river water-groundwater exchange relationship at any position of the river is realized; using this device to quickly and in-situ identify the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater is simple and convenient, and improves the measurement efficiency.

[0051] As an optional implementation manner, as shown in Figure 1 As shown, a central through hole is provided on the bottom wall of the outer tube body 1, and the inner core tube 2 passes through the central through hole and is in sealing cooperation with the side wall of the central through hole. As shown in Figure 2 As shown, the drill bit 3 drills into the riverbed 100, the groundwater enters the inner core tube 2 from the drill bit 3, and the river water can only enter the outer tube body 1 from the side through hole 8 and cannot enter from the bottom of the outer tube body 1, preventing the river water from entering the inner core tube 2.

[0052] As an optional implementation manner, the drill bit 3 is threadedly connected to the inner core tube 2, which is convenient for disassembly.

[0053] Specifically, the inside of the drill bit 3 is a hollow structure, and the groundwater enters the inner core tube 2 from the drill bit 3. The drill bit 3 is drilled into the riverbed 100 by manual rotation.

[0054] Specifically, to facilitate the drill bit 3 to drill into the riverbed 100, the drill bit 3 is detachably connected with a handle 9, and the handle 9 is of a T-shaped structure. Specifically, the drill bit 3 is threadedly connected with the handle 9. By rotating the handle 9, the drill bit 3 can be drilled into the target depth of the riverbed 100. After the drilling is completed, the handle 9 is disassembled, and the drill bit 3 is threadedly connected with the inner core tube 2.

[0055] The above structure facilitates the drill bit 3 to drill into the riverbed 100 and also facilitates the assembly of the drill bit 3 with the inner core tube 2 after disassembling the handle 9.

[0056] The principle of this embodiment is as follows: Slowly press the manual vacuum pump (vacuum pumping device). Due to Pascal's principle, the water levels in the outer tube body 1 and the inner core tube 2 rise synchronously. When the liquid level rises to be visible outside the outer tube body 1, observe the relative heights of the water levels in the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5. If the liquid level in the first measuring tube 4 in the inner core tube 2 is higher, it indicates that the original liquid level in the inner core tube 2 is higher, that is, the groundwater level is higher; if the liquid level in the second measuring tube 5 (outside the inner core tube 2) in the outer tube body 1 is higher, it indicates that the original liquid level in the outer tube body 1 is higher, that is, the river water level is higher. If the liquid level heights are similar and difficult to distinguish, continue with the next step.

[0057] As an optional implementation manner, the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5 of this embodiment are also connected with a solvent input port. The solvent input port has an open state and a closed state. When in the open state, the colored solvent can enter the first measuring tube 4 and / or the second measuring tube 5 through the solvent input port.

[0058] The colored solvent in this embodiment can facilitate the identification of the flow directions of river water and groundwater, thereby facilitating the judgment of the heights of the river water level and the groundwater level.

[0059] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the device further includes a four-way valve 6. The four-way valve 6 is located outside the outer tube body 1. Two of the ports of the four-way valve 6 are respectively fixedly connected with and communicate with the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5; another port of the four-way valve 6 is connected with the vacuum pumping device, and the fourth port of the four-way valve 6 serves as the solvent input port.

[0060] As an optional implementation manner, refer to Figure 1 As shown, a conduit is connected to the fourth port of the four-way valve 6, and a valve body 7 is arranged on the conduit. When the valve body 7 is opened, the solvent input port is in the open state; when the valve body 7 is closed, the solvent input port is in the closed state.

[0061] Refer to Figure 1 As shown, the four ports a, b, c, and d of the four-way valve 6 are respectively connected with the first measuring tube 4, the vacuum pumping device (manual pressing pump), the second measuring tube 5, and the conduit.

[0062] If it is not easy to distinguish the relative height of the water levels in the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5, the following operations are performed:

[0063] Generate a water flow using water pressure: Open the valve body 7 corresponding to the four-way valve 6, incorporate the colored solvent into the closed system, and then continue to press the manual vacuum pump. Under the action of the pressure difference, the liquids in the tubes corresponding to ports a, c, and d of the four-way valve 6 will all flow towards the direction of port b. Stop pumping air after the water and the solvent have entered the tube corresponding to port b, and close the valve body 7 corresponding to port d of the four-way valve 6. At this time, observe the movement direction of the colored solvent in the closed system. If the colored solvent flows from the direction of port a to the direction of port c, it indicates that the original liquid level corresponding to port a is higher, that is, the groundwater level is higher; if the colored solvent flows from the direction of port c to the direction of port a, it indicates that the original liquid level corresponding to port c is higher, that is, the river water level is higher.

[0064] The principle of this embodiment is: When the liquid level difference between the two long hoses is small, by opening the valve body 7 corresponding to port d, the colored solvent is also incorporated into the closed system. When continuing to pump air, due to the pressure reduction, the organic solvent and water move together towards the direction of port b, dyeing the water. When all three enter the hose corresponding to port b of the four-way valve 6, it indicates that there is no gas left between the first measuring tube 4, the second measuring tube 5, ports a and b. When the valve body 7 of port d of the four-way valve 6 is closed, the tube connected to ports a and c and the water form a new system, similar to the siphon effect, and the water will flow from the place with a higher liquid level to the place with a lower liquid level. Since the water in the inner core tube 2 is connected to the groundwater and the water in the outer tube body 1 is connected to the river water, the water heads of both can be regarded as in a steady state and the water flow is continuous. Based on the movement direction of the dyed water, the relative height of the liquid levels can be judged.

[0065] As an alternative embodiment, the first measuring tube 4 includes a first bent tube portion and a first straight tube portion fixedly connected. The first bent tube portion is connected to one of the ports of the four-way valve 6, and the first straight tube portion extends into the inner core tube 2 and is arranged along the axis of the inner core tube 2. Alternatively, the first measuring tube 4 is a flexible hose. The second measuring tube 5 includes a second bent tube portion and a second straight tube portion fixedly connected. The second bent tube portion is connected to one of the ports of the four-way valve 6, and the second straight tube portion extends into the outer tube body 1 and is arranged parallel to the axis of the outer tube body 1. Alternatively, the second measuring tube 5 is a flexible hose.

[0066] The above structure facilitates the fixed connection of the upper end of the first measuring tube 4 to port a of the four-way valve 6 and the lower end extending into the inner core tube 2; and facilitates the fixed connection of the upper end of the first measuring tube 4 to port c of the four-way valve 6 and the lower end extending into the outer tube body 1.

[0067] Embodiment 2:

[0068] This embodiment provides an identification method, which uses the above-mentioned device for quickly and in-situ identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater. The identification method includes:

[0069] Drill the drill bit 3 into the target depth of the riverbed 100, so that the outer pipe body 1 is located above the riverbed 100, so that groundwater enters the inner core pipe 2, and river water enters the outer pipe body 1 through the side through holes 8; seal the first measuring pipe 4 and the second measuring pipe 5 from the outside, so as to establish a closed system; the vacuum device extracts the air in the first measuring pipe 4 and the second measuring pipe 5, so that the groundwater and river water are simultaneously lifted in the corresponding first measuring pipe 4 and second measuring pipe 5; compare the water levels in the first measuring pipe 4 and the second measuring pipe 5, so as to obtain the relative water levels of the groundwater and the river water.

[0070] This method is applicable when the water level difference between groundwater and river water is large. Through the pressure lift of the river water and groundwater, the water levels in the first measuring pipe 4 and the second measuring pipe 5 can be directly judged.

[0071] If it is not easy to distinguish the relative height of the water levels in the first measuring pipe 4 and the second measuring pipe 5, this method further includes: keeping the solvent input port open, pushing the colored solvent into the connecting part of the first measuring pipe 4 and the second measuring pipe 5; making the vacuum device extract the gas in the first measuring pipe 4 and the second measuring pipe 5; keeping the solvent input port closed, observing the movement direction of the colored solvent in the closed system; if the colored solvent flows from the first measuring pipe 4 to the second measuring pipe 5, the groundwater level is higher than the river water level; if the colored solvent flows from the second measuring pipe 5 to the first measuring pipe 4, the river water level is higher than the groundwater level.

[0072] The operation steps are as follows, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 as shown:

[0073] (1) Drilling to reveal the groundwater level: Rotate the drill bit 3 and drill into the riverbed 100 to a depth of about 30 cm, remove the handle on the drill bit 3, and sleeve the outer pipe body 1 outside the inner core pipe 2; stand still for about 5-10 minutes. At this time, the water level in the inner core pipe 2 is the groundwater level, and the water level between the inner core pipe 2 and the outer pipe body 1 is the river water level. Figure 2 In [Figure], the a liquid level represents the groundwater liquid level, the b liquid level represents the river water liquid level, and △h represents the height difference between the top of the vadose zone 200 and the river surface.

[0074] (2) Establish a closed system: Figure 1The middle four-way valve 6 is connected to four hoses. Among them, port a and port c are connected to the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5 respectively, and port b and port d are connected to a manual vacuum pump and a syringe filled with a colored solvent respectively. Then, the first measuring tube 4 corresponding to port a of the four-way valve 6 is placed into the inner core tube 2, and the second measuring tube 5 corresponding to port c of the four-way valve 6 is placed into the outer tube body 1, immersed at least 10 cm below the water surface. The valve body 7 corresponding to port d of the four-way valve 6 on the pipe wall is closed.

[0075] (3)Establish a closed system: Slowly press the manual vacuum pump (vacuum pumping device). Due to Pascal's principle, the water levels in the outer tube body 1 and the inner core tube 2 rise synchronously. When the liquid level rises to be visible outside the outer tube body 1, observe the relative heights of the water levels in the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5. If the liquid level in the first measuring tube 4 in the inner core tube 2 is higher, it indicates that the original liquid level in the inner core tube 2 is higher, that is, the groundwater level is higher; if the liquid level in the second measuring tube 5 (outside the inner core tube 2) in the outer tube body 1 is higher, it indicates that the original liquid level in the outer tube body 1 is higher, that is, the river water level is higher. If the liquid level heights are similar and difficult to distinguish, continue with the next step.

[0076] (4)Generate water flow using water pressure: Then open the valve body 7 corresponding to the four-way valve 6 to incorporate the colored solvent into the closed system. Then continue to press the manual vacuum pump. Under the action of the pressure difference, the liquids in the tubes corresponding to port a, port c, and port d of the four-way valve 6 will all flow towards the b opening direction. Stop pumping air after the water and the solvent have entered the tube corresponding to port b, and close the valve body 7 corresponding to port d of the four-way valve 6. At this time, observe the movement direction of the colored solvent in the closed system. If the colored solvent flows from the direction of port a to the direction of port c, it indicates that the original liquid level corresponding to port a is higher, that is, the groundwater level is higher; if the colored solvent flows from the direction of port c to the direction of port a, it indicates that the original liquid level corresponding to port c is higher, that is, the river water level is higher.

[0077] This method is mainly used to identify the relative heights of the in-situ river water level and the groundwater level, and to judge the direction of the exchange between river water and groundwater. It is also equally applicable to the identification of the lake-groundwater exchange relationship. The product can be used in fields such as river water quality protection, river ecosystem research, groundwater quality research, and hyporheic zone research.

[0078] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0079] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0080] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater, characterized in that: It includes an outer tube body, an inner core tube, a drill bit, a first measuring tube, a second measuring tube and a vacuum pumping device, wherein: The side wall of the outer tube body is provided with a side through hole for allowing river water to enter therein; the inner core tube is fixed in the outer tube body and connected and fixed to the outer tube body through the hole on the bottom wall of the outer tube body; the drill bit is detachably connected to the lower end of the inner core tube, and the drill bit is used to drill into the riverbed; The first measuring tube is connected to the second measuring tube, the first measuring tube extends into the inner core tube, and the second measuring tube extends into the outer tube body and is located outside the inner core tube; When the vacuum device is connected to the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube, the vacuum device is used to extract the air in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube, so as to compare the water levels in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube; The first measuring tube and the second measuring tube are also connected with a solvent input port, and the solvent input port has an open state and a closed state. When in the open state, the colored solvent can enter the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube through the solvent input port.

2. The device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The device also includes a four-way valve, which is located outside the outer tube body. Two of the four-way valve's ports are respectively fixedly connected to the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube and are in communication with each other. Another port of the four-way valve is in communication with the vacuum pumping device. The fourth port of the four-way valve serves as the solvent input port.

3. The device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The fourth port of the four-way valve is connected to a conduit, and a valve body is arranged on the conduit. When the valve body is opened, the solvent input port is in an open state; when the valve body is closed, the solvent input port is in a closed state.

4. The device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first measuring tube comprises a first curved tube portion and a first straight tube portion which are fixedly connected, the first curved tube portion is connected to one of the through ports of the four-way valve, and the first straight tube portion extends into the inner core tube; Alternatively, the first measuring tube is a flexible hose.

5. The device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The second measuring tube comprises a second curved tube portion and a second straight tube portion which are fixedly connected, the second curved tube portion is connected to one of the through ports of the four-way valve, and the second straight tube portion extends into the outer tube body; Alternatively, the second measuring tube is a flexible hose.

6. The device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A central through hole is arranged on the bottom wall of the outer tube body, which is nested and connected with the inner core tube to fix the outer tube body.

7. The device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drill bit is threadedly connected to the inner core tube.

8. A recognition method, characterized in that: Using the device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, the identification method comprises: Drilling the drill bit into the target depth of the riverbed, so that the groundwater is connected to the inner core tube, revealing a stable groundwater level; inserting the outer tube into the inner core tube, so that river water enters the outer tube from the side through hole, revealing a stable river water level; connecting the first measuring tube, the second measuring tube, the four-way valve, and the water bodies in the inner core tube and the outer tube, thereby establishing a closed system; The vacuum device extracts the air in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube, so that the groundwater and the river water are simultaneously lifted in the corresponding first measuring tube and the second measuring tube; Comparing the water levels in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube, thereby obtaining the relative water levels of groundwater and river water; The method further includes: opening the solvent input port, and while the vacuum device is used to pump air to raise the height of the water in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube, the colored solvent is sucked into the connecting portion of the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube to mix with the water in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube; The solvent input port is in a closed state, and the movement direction of the colored solvent in the closed system is observed; if the colored solvent flows from the first measuring tube to the second measuring tube, the groundwater level is higher than the river water level; if the colored solvent flows from the second measuring tube to the first measuring tube, the river water level is higher than the groundwater level.

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