Underground water migration channel attribute extraction method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground water migration channel attribute extraction method and device. The method comprises the following steps: in a seismic exploration process, acquiring seismic migration data and speed data of seismic waves propagating in an underground medium; determining an offset inclination angle of the offset reflected wave in the offset profile according to the seismic offset data; determining a demigration inclination angle of the reflected wave in a demigration profile according to the migration inclination angle of the migration reflected wave in the migration profile and the speed data; filtering reflected waves in the target seismic data along the direction of the demigration dip angle to extract diffracted waves in the target seismic data; diffraction attributes of the diffracted waves are determined, and the diffraction attributes refer to seismic response characteristics when the seismic waves diffract on the underground discontinuous geological interface. According to the method and the device, the technical problem that the underground water migration channel is difficult to observe due to the fact that the attribute of the diffracted wave is difficult to directly extract in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of channel attribute extraction in seismic exploration, and in particular to a method and device for extracting attributes of a groundwater migration channel. Background Art

[0002] The diffraction wave field is the manifestation of underground geological discontinuities in seismic records, so its imaging results can directly reflect such discontinuities. However, the energy of diffraction waves is weaker than that of reflection waves, generally one to two orders of magnitude. This makes the diffraction wave imaging results obscured by reflection events in conventional imaging sections, and the performance is not obvious, making it difficult to directly use them for discontinuity interpretation.

[0003] With regard to the problem in the above-mentioned related technologies that the properties of diffraction waves are difficult to be directly extracted, resulting in difficulty in observing groundwater migration channels, no effective solution has been proposed so far. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method and device for extracting properties of a groundwater migration channel, so as to at least solve the technical problem in the related art that it is difficult to directly extract the properties of diffraction waves, resulting in difficulty in observing the groundwater migration channel.

[0005] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for extracting attributes of groundwater migration channels is provided, comprising: in a process of seismic exploration, obtaining seismic offset data and velocity data of seismic waves propagating in underground media, wherein the seismic offset data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by seismic waves detected during seismic exploration; determining an offset inclination of an offset reflection wave in an offset profile according to the seismic offset data, wherein the offset profile refers to first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic offset data, and the offset reflection wave is an offset reflection wave formed by a reflection wave in the seismic data after the seismic data is subjected to offset processing, and the reflection wave is a reflection wave formed by reflection of the seismic wave when it encounters different media at an underground interface; based on The reverse migration dip of the reflected wave in the reverse migration section is determined according to the migration dip and the velocity data of the shifted reflected wave in the shift section, wherein the reverse migration section refers to second image data obtained by visualizing the target seismic data, and the target seismic data is data obtained by reverse migration of the seismic shift data; the reflected wave in the target seismic data is filtered along the direction of the reverse migration dip to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data, wherein the diffraction wave is formed by scattering when the seismic wave encounters irregular geology at an underground interface; the diffraction property of the diffraction wave is determined, wherein the diffraction property refers to the seismic response characteristics when the seismic wave is diffracted at an underground discontinuous geological interface, and is used to represent a groundwater migration path.

[0006] Optionally, determining the migration dip of the migration reflection wave in the migration section according to the seismic migration data comprises: determining the migration dip of the migration reflection wave in the migration section according to a first formula using Hilbert transform according to the seismic migration data, wherein the first formula is: p m represents the offset dip angle, I represents the seismic offset data, They represent the two-dimensional Hilbert transform at x m The weight in direction, They represent the two-dimensional Hilbert transform at t m The component in the direction, x m represents the first horizontal coordinate in the offset space, t m represents the first travel time information in the offset space, ε represents a very small positive number used to improve the stability of the solution, the first horizontal coordinate is used to represent the first relative position of the seismic wave source and the seismic detector on the surface in the offset space, and the first travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave in the offset space to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector.

[0007] Optionally, before determining the reverse migration dip of the reflected wave in the reverse migration profile according to the migration dip of the migrated reflected wave in the migrated profile and the velocity data, the groundwater migration channel attribute extraction method further comprises: performing reverse migration processing on the seismic migration data according to a second formula to obtain the target seismic data, wherein the second formula is: M(x, t) = ∫I(x m ,t m )δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m ))dt m dx m , M(x,t) represents the target seismic data, I(x m ,t m ) represents the seismic migration data, x represents the second horizontal coordinate in the de-migration space, t represents the second travel time information in the de-migration space, the second horizontal coordinate is used to represent the second relative position of the seismic wave source and the seismic detector on the surface in the de-migration space, and the second travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector in the de-migration space, δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m )) represents the Dirac function, t d (x,t,x m ) represents an isochronous surface defined by (x, t) and the coordinates of the imaging point, wherein the isochronous surface refers to a surface formed by all the imaging points having the same arrival time during the propagation of the seismic wave, and the imaging point is the position where the seismic wave is reflected on the ground; the target seismic data is visualized to obtain the anti-migration profile.

[0008] Optionally, determining the demigration dip of the reflected wave in the demigration section according to the migration dip and the velocity data of the migrated reflected wave in the migration section comprises: determining the demigration dip of the reflected wave in the demigration section by using a third formula according to the migration dip and the velocity data of the migrated reflected wave in the migration section, wherein the third formula is: p represents the de-migration inclination angle, and v represents the velocity data.

[0009] Optionally, filtering the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction where the back migration dip angle is located to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data comprises: filtering the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction where the back migration dip angle is located to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data using a fourth formula, wherein the fourth formula is: D(x, t) represents the diffraction wave signal data of the diffraction wave, i represents the label of the current seismic trace, n represents the trace number window of the mean filter, Δx i represents the displacement when filtering the reflection wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration dip, Δt i It represents the time shift amount when filtering the reflection wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the back migration dip angle.

[0010] Optionally, determining the diffraction property of the diffraction wave includes: determining a common imaging point gather based on the seismic migration data using a fifth formula, wherein the fifth formula is: C(x m , t m ,θ m ) = ∫D(x, t)δ(tt′ d (x,x m , t m ))δ(θ m -θ(x,x m , t m ))dtdx,C(x m ,t m ,θ m ) represents the common imaging point gather, θ m represents the lighting angle, t′ d (x,x m ,t m ) means from x to (x m ,t m ) travel time, θ(x,x m ,t m ) means from x to (x m ,t m ), the travel time represents the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to a specific imaging point, the illumination angle refers to the incident angle of the seismic wave from the underground reflection point to the ground, and the common imaging point gather refers to a group of data formed by the seismic data having the same imaging point during the seismic migration process; the diffraction property of the diffraction wave is determined according to the common imaging point gather using the sixth formula, wherein the sixth formula is: S(x m , t0) represents the diffraction property, A represents the time window scale, N represents the number of illumination angles, θ max represents the maximum illumination angle, and t0 represents the time when the current imaging point reaches the ground.

[0011] Optionally, after determining the diffraction properties of the diffraction wave, the groundwater migration channel attribute extraction method further includes: analyzing and processing the diffraction properties of the diffraction wave to obtain the groundwater migration channel, wherein the groundwater migration channel is used to explore the migration mode of groundwater underground.

[0012] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a device for extracting properties of groundwater migration channels, comprising: a first acquisition unit, for acquiring seismic offset data and velocity data of seismic waves propagating in underground media during seismic exploration, wherein the seismic offset data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by seismic waves detected during seismic exploration; a first determination unit, for determining the offset inclination of an offset reflection wave in an offset profile according to the seismic offset data, wherein the offset profile refers to first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic offset data, and the offset reflection wave is an offset reflection wave formed by a reflection wave in the seismic data after the seismic data is subjected to offset processing, and the reflection wave is a reflection wave formed by reflection when the seismic wave encounters different media at an underground interface; a second determination unit, for determining the offset inclination of an offset reflection wave in an offset profile according to the seismic offset data, wherein the offset profile refers to first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic offset data, and the offset reflection wave is an offset reflection wave formed by a reflection wave in the seismic data after the seismic data is subjected to offset processing, and the reflection wave is a reflection wave formed by reflection when the seismic wave encounters different media at an underground interface; A unit is used to determine the back-migration dip of the reflected wave in the back-migration section according to the migration dip and the velocity data of the migrated reflected wave in the migration section, wherein the back-migration section refers to second image data obtained by visualizing the target seismic data, and the target seismic data is data obtained by back-migration of the seismic migration data; an extraction unit is used to filter the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the back-migration dip to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data, wherein the diffraction wave is the diffraction wave formed by scattering when the seismic wave encounters irregular geology at an underground interface; a third determination unit is used to determine the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave, wherein the diffraction attribute refers to the seismic response characteristics when the seismic wave is diffracted at an underground discontinuous geological interface, and is used to represent the groundwater migration path.

[0013] Optionally, the first determination unit includes: a first determination module, configured to determine the migration dip of the migration reflection wave in the migration section according to a first formula using Hilbert transform according to the seismic migration data, wherein the first formula is: p m represents the offset dip angle, I represents the seismic offset data, They represent the two-dimensional Hilbert transform at x m The weight in direction, They represent the two-dimensional Hilbert transform at t m The component in the direction, x m represents the first horizontal coordinate in the offset space, tm represents the first travel time information in the offset space, ε represents a very small positive number used to improve the stability of the solution, the first horizontal coordinate is used to represent the first relative position of the seismic wave source and the seismic detector on the surface in the offset space, and the first travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave in the offset space to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector.

[0014] Optionally, the groundwater migration channel attribute extraction device further includes: a second acquisition unit, which is used to perform anti-migration processing on the seismic migration data according to a second formula to obtain the target seismic data before determining the anti-migration dip of the reflection wave in the anti-migration profile according to the migration dip of the migration reflection wave in the migration profile and the velocity data, wherein the second formula is: M(x, t) = ∫I(x m ,t m )δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m ))dt m dx m , M(x,t) represents the target seismic data, I(x m ,t m ) represents the seismic migration data, x represents the second horizontal coordinate in the de-migration space, t represents the second travel time information in the de-migration space, the second horizontal coordinate is used to represent the second relative position of the seismic wave source and the seismic detector on the surface in the de-migration space, and the second travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector in the de-migration space, δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m )) represents the Dirac function, t d (x,t,x m ) represents an isochronous surface defined by (x, t) and the coordinates of the imaging point, wherein the isochronous surface refers to a surface formed by all the imaging points having the same arrival time during the propagation of the seismic wave, and the imaging point is the position where the seismic wave is reflected on the ground; a third acquisition unit is used to visualize the target seismic data to obtain the anti-migration profile.

[0015] Optionally, the second determination unit comprises: a second determination module, configured to determine the demigration dip of the reflected wave in the demigration section by using a third formula according to the migration dip of the migrated reflected wave in the migration section and the velocity data, wherein the third formula is: p represents the de-migration inclination angle, and v represents the velocity data.

[0016] Optionally, the extraction unit includes: an extraction module, configured to filter the reflection wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the back-migration dip angle, so as to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data using a fourth formula, wherein the fourth formula is: D(x, t) represents the diffraction wave signal data of the diffraction wave, i represents the label of the current seismic trace, n represents the trace number window of the mean filter, Δx i represents the displacement when filtering the reflection wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration dip, Δt i It represents the time shift amount when filtering the reflection wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the back migration dip angle.

[0017] Optionally, the third determination unit includes: a third determination module, configured to determine the common imaging point gathers based on the seismic migration data using a fifth formula, wherein the fifth formula is: C(x m , t m ,θ m ) = ∫D(x, t)δ(tt′ d (x,x m , t m ))δ(θ m -θ(x,x m , t m ))dtdx,C(x m ,t m ,θ m ) represents the common imaging point gather, θ m represents the lighting angle, t′ d (x,x m ,t m ) means from x to (x m ,t m ) travel time, θ(x,x m ,t m ) means from x to (x m ,t m ), the travel time represents the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to a specific imaging point, the illumination angle refers to the incident angle of the seismic wave from the underground reflection point to the ground, and the common imaging point gather refers to a group of data formed by the seismic data having the same imaging point during the seismic migration process; a fourth determination module is used to determine the diffraction properties of the diffraction wave according to the common imaging point gather using the sixth formula, wherein the sixth formula is: S(x m , t0) represents the diffraction property, A represents the time window scale, N represents the number of illumination angles, θ maxrepresents the maximum illumination angle, and t0 represents the time when the current imaging point reaches the ground.

[0018] Optionally, the groundwater migration channel attribute extraction device also includes: a fourth acquisition unit, which is used to analyze and process the diffraction attributes of the diffraction wave after determining the diffraction attributes of the diffraction wave to obtain the groundwater migration channel, wherein the groundwater migration channel is used to explore the migration mode of groundwater underground.

[0019] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a groundwater migration channel attribute extraction system is further provided. The groundwater migration channel attribute extraction system uses any one of the above-mentioned groundwater migration channel attribute extraction methods.

[0020] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein the program executes any one of the above-mentioned methods for extracting attributes of groundwater migration channels.

[0021] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a processor is further provided, wherein the processor is used to run a program, wherein the program executes any one of the above-mentioned methods for extracting attributes of groundwater migration channels when running.

[0022] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product is also provided, comprising computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, execute any one of the above-mentioned methods for extracting attributes of groundwater migration pathways.

[0023] In an embodiment of the present invention, during the process of seismic exploration, seismic offset data and velocity data of seismic waves propagating in underground media are obtained, wherein the seismic offset data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by seismic waves detected during the seismic exploration process; the offset inclination of the offset reflection wave in the offset profile is determined according to the seismic offset data, wherein the offset profile refers to first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic offset data, and the offset reflection wave is an offset reflection wave formed by the reflection wave in the seismic data after the seismic data is offset, and the reflection wave is a reflection wave formed by the reflection of the seismic wave when it encounters different media at the underground interface; according to the offset reflection wave in the offset profile, the offset inclination of the offset reflection wave in the offset profile is determined, and the offset reflection wave in the offset profile is determined according to the offset reflection wave in the offset profile. The offset dip and velocity data in the offset profile determine the back-migration dip of the reflection wave in the back-migration profile, wherein the back-migration profile refers to the second image data obtained by visualizing the target seismic data, and the target seismic data is the data obtained by back-migration of the seismic offset data; the reflection wave in the target seismic data is filtered along the direction of the back-migration dip to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data, wherein the diffraction wave is the diffraction wave formed by scattering when the seismic wave encounters irregular geology at the underground interface; the diffraction property of the diffraction wave is determined, wherein the diffraction property refers to the seismic response characteristics when the seismic wave is diffracted at the underground discontinuous geological interface, and is used to represent the groundwater migration path. Through the above technical scheme, the purpose of determining the inclination of the reflected wave in the seismic data by calculating the offset inclination of the reflected wave in the offset section corresponding to the seismic offset data is achieved, thereby filtering the reflected wave along the inclination to extract the diffraction wave in the seismic data, and then analyzing and determining the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave is achieved, and the technical effect of analyzing the inclination of the reflected wave in the seismic data by performing offset and reverse offset processing, thereby filtering the reflected wave along the inclination to extract the diffraction wave in the seismic data is achieved, the accuracy of extracting the diffraction wave is improved, and the foundation is laid for the accurate imaging of the groundwater migration channel, thereby solving the technical problem in the related technology that the attribute of the diffraction wave is difficult to be directly extracted, resulting in the difficulty in observing the groundwater migration channel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 It is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal of a method for extracting attributes of groundwater migration channels according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a flow chart of a method for extracting attributes of groundwater migration pathways according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a device for extracting properties of groundwater migration channels according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0030] As described in the background art, in the related art, it is difficult to directly extract the properties of diffraction waves, which makes it difficult to observe groundwater migration channels. In view of the above defects, a method and device for extracting properties of groundwater migration channels are provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] The method embodiments provided in the embodiments of the present invention can be executed in a mobile terminal, a computer terminal or a similar computing device. Taking running on a mobile terminal as an example, Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal of a method for extracting attributes of groundwater migration channels according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the mobile terminal may include one or more ( Figure 1 Only one is shown in the figure) a processor 102 (the processor 102 may include but is not limited to a processing device such as a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA) and a memory 104 for storing data, wherein the mobile terminal may also include a transmission device 106 and an input / output device 108 for communication functions. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that Figure 1 The structure shown is for illustration only and does not limit the structure of the mobile terminal. Figure 1 More or fewer components as shown, or with Figure 1 Different configurations are shown.

[0033] The memory 104 can be used to store computer programs, for example, software programs and modules of application software, such as the computer program corresponding to the groundwater migration channel attribute extraction method in the embodiment of the present invention. The processor 102 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory 104, that is, the above method is implemented. The memory 104 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some examples, the memory 104 may further include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories can be connected to the mobile terminal via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include but are not limited to the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and a combination thereof. The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. The above-mentioned specific example of the network may include a wireless network provided by a communication provider of the mobile terminal. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a network adapter (Network Interface Controller, referred to as NIC), which can be connected to other network devices through a base station so as to communicate with the Internet. In one example, the transmission device 106 may be a radio frequency (RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method embodiment of a method for extracting groundwater migration channel attributes is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0035] Figure 2 is a flow chart of a method for extracting groundwater migration channel attributes according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0036] Step S202, in the process of seismic exploration, obtain seismic offset data and seismic wave propagation velocity data in the underground medium, wherein the seismic offset data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by seismic waves detected during the seismic exploration process.

[0037] In this embodiment, during the seismic exploration process, seismic offset data obtained by offsetting the seismic data and seismic wave propagation velocity data in the underground medium can be obtained to provide a data basis for subsequent analysis and extraction of groundwater migration channel properties.

[0038] Seismic migration is a key technology in seismic exploration, which is used to image the reflected or diffracted waves of seismic waves from the receiving point (such as the seismic detector) to the geological interface underground. In short, it is a method for improving the quality of seismic data and the accuracy of underground structure imaging. In seismic exploration, seismic waves are emitted by the earthquake source, propagate through the underground medium, and reflect or diffract when encountering the interface (such as the rock boundary). These reflected or diffracted waves are received by the seismic detector. The original seismic data contains information such as the travel time, amplitude and frequency of these reflected or diffracted waves. Due to the complexity of the underground medium, the wave field in the original data is often affected by various factors, such as the unevenness of the wave velocity, the inclination of the strata and faults, resulting in the distortion of the wave field. The purpose of seismic migration is to correct these distortions, restore the true shape of the wave field, and make it close to the shape of the actual underground geological structure.

[0039] Specifically, the seismic migration data I(x m ,t m ) and speed data v(x m ,t m ), x m represents the first horizontal coordinate in the offset space, t m It represents the first travel time information in the offset space. The first horizontal coordinate is used to represent the first relative position of the seismic wave source and the seismic detector on the surface in the offset space. The first travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector in the offset space.

[0040] Step S204, determining the offset inclination of the offset reflection wave in the offset profile according to the seismic offset data, wherein the offset profile refers to the first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic offset data, and the offset reflection wave is the reflection wave in the seismic data formed after the seismic data is offset processed, and the reflection wave is the reflection wave formed when the seismic wave encounters different media at the underground interface.

[0041] In this embodiment, since the diffraction wave has a hyperbolic feature before seismic migration, after the seismic data is subjected to seismic migration processing, the diffraction wave will converge to one point, so in the migration profile of the seismic migration data, the diffraction wave does not have a dip; while the reflection wave does not have such a hyperbolic feature, so the migration dip of the reflection wave can be calculated in the migration profile, and then the seismic migration data is subjected to de-migration processing to calculate the dip of the reflection wave in the seismic data, thereby filtering out the reflection wave in the seismic data to obtain the diffraction wave.

[0042] It should be noted that the offset reflection wave here refers to the reflection wave in the seismic offset data, which only means that the reflection wave is in a state after the seismic offset. It is actually still a reflection wave.

[0043] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, in the above step S204, determining the migration dip of the migration reflection wave in the migration section according to the seismic migration data includes: determining the migration dip of the migration reflection wave in the migration section according to the first formula using the Hilbert transform according to the seismic migration data, wherein the first formula is: p m represents the offset dip, I represents the seismic offset data, They represent the two-dimensional Hilbert transform at x m The weight in direction, They represent the two-dimensional Hilbert transform at t m The component in the direction, x m represents the first horizontal coordinate in the offset space, t m represents the first travel time information in the offset space, ε represents a very small positive number used to improve the stability of the solution, the first horizontal coordinate is used to represent the first relative position of the seismic source and the seismic detector on the surface in the offset space, and the first travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic source to the seismic detector in the offset space.

[0044] Specifically, the migration dip of the reflection wave in the migration section can be calculated according to formula ① (i.e., the first formula) using Hilbert transform based on the seismic migration data. Formula ① is specifically as follows: In the formula, p m represents the offset dip, I represents the seismic offset data, They represent the two-dimensional Hilbert transform at x m The weight in direction, They represent the two-dimensional Hilbert transform at t m The component in the direction, ε represents a very small positive number used to improve the stability of the solution.

[0045] Step S206, determining the de-migration dip of the reflected wave in the de-migration section according to the migration dip and velocity data of the migrated reflected wave in the migration section, wherein the de-migration section refers to second image data obtained by visualizing the target seismic data, and the target seismic data is data obtained by de-migration of the seismic migration data.

[0046] In this embodiment, after the seismic offset data is de-migrated, the de-migrated dip of the reflection wave in the de-migrated section can be determined based on the offset dip and velocity data of the reflection wave in the de-migrated section. The de-migrated section here is a visualized image of the seismic data (i.e., the target seismic data) obtained after the seismic offset data is de-migrated.

[0047] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, before the above step S206, that is, before determining the reverse migration dip of the reflection wave in the reverse migration profile according to the migration dip and velocity data of the migration reflection wave in the migration profile, the groundwater migration channel attribute extraction method further includes: performing reverse migration processing on the seismic migration data according to the second formula to obtain target seismic data, wherein the second formula is: M(x, t) = ∫I(x m ,t m )δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m ))dt m dx m , M(x,t) represents the target seismic data, I(x m ,t m ) represents seismic migration data, x represents the second horizontal coordinate in the de-migration space, t represents the second travel time information in the de-migration space, the second horizontal coordinate is used to represent the second relative position of the seismic wave source and the seismic detector on the surface in the de-migration space, and the second travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector in the de-migration space, δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m )) represents the Dirac function, t d (x,t,x m ) represents the isochronous surface defined by (x, t) and the coordinates of the imaging point. The isochronous surface refers to the surface composed of all imaging points with the same arrival time during the propagation of seismic waves. The imaging point is the position where the seismic wave is reflected on the ground. The target seismic data is visualized to obtain the reverse migration profile.

[0048] Specifically, the seismic migration data is de-migrated, and the target seismic data after de-migrating can be obtained by using formula ②. Formula ② is as follows: M(x, t) = ∫I(x m ,t m )δ(tm -t d (x,t,x m ))dt m dx m , where M(x,t) represents the target seismic data, I(x m ,t m ) represents the seismic migration data, x represents the second horizontal coordinate in the de-migration space, t represents the second travel time information in the de-migration space, δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m )) represents the Dirac function, t d (x,t,x m ) represents the isochronous surface defined by (x, t) and the coordinates of the imaging point. An isochronous surface refers to a surface composed of all points with the same arrival time during the propagation of seismic waves. In other words, an isochronous surface is a surface in three-dimensional space, and the time at which all points on this surface receive seismic waves is the same. In seismic data processing, isochronous surfaces are usually used to describe the propagation characteristics of seismic waves and the synchronization of seismic data. The target seismic data is then presented in a visual way to obtain the de-migration profile.

[0049] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, in the above step S206, determining the demigration dip of the reflected wave in the demigration section according to the migration dip and velocity data of the migrated reflected wave in the migration section includes: determining the demigration dip of the reflected wave in the demigration section by using a third formula according to the migration dip and velocity data of the migrated reflected wave in the migration section, wherein the third formula is: p represents the de-migration inclination angle, and v represents the velocity data.

[0050] Specifically, the migration inclination angle p of the reflected wave in the migration profile can be m and the speed data v(x) obtained in step S202 m ,t m ) Use formula ③ to calculate the de-migration dip angle of the reflected wave in the de-migration profile. Formula ③ is as follows: Where p is the back-migration angle, and v is the velocity data.

[0051] Step S208, filtering the reflected waves in the target seismic data along the direction of the back-migration dip angle to extract the diffraction waves in the target seismic data, wherein the diffraction waves are formed by scattering of seismic waves when encountering irregular geology at the underground interface.

[0052] In this embodiment, the diffraction wave signal can be extracted by performing mean filtering on the reflected waves in the target seismic data along the direction of the de-migration dip angle.

[0053] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, in the above step S208, filtering the reflected waves in the target seismic data along the direction where the back migration dip angle is located to extract the diffraction waves in the target seismic data includes: filtering the reflected waves in the target seismic data along the direction where the back migration dip angle is located to extract the diffraction waves in the target seismic data using a fourth formula, wherein the fourth formula is: D(x,t) represents the diffraction wave signal data of the diffraction wave, i represents the label of the current seismic trace, n represents the window of the mean filter, Δx i It represents the displacement when filtering the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration angle, Δt i It indicates the time shift when filtering the reflected waves in the target seismic data along the direction of the de-migration dip.

[0054] Specifically, formula ④ can be used to perform mean filtering on the reflection waves in the target seismic data to extract the diffraction wave signal. Formula ④ is as follows: D(x,t) represents the diffraction wave signal data of the diffraction wave, i represents the label of the current seismic trace, n represents the window of the mean filter, Δx i It represents the displacement when filtering the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration angle, Δt i It represents the time shift when filtering the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration dip; here Δt i With Δx i The relationship between Δt is as follows: i =Δx i *p; In addition, in seismic data, "track" usually refers to a record of seismic data, which is the seismic wave signal received by the seismograph at a certain position on the ground. Each track can be regarded as a time series, recording the change of seismic waves at that position over time. i here refers to the current seismic track being processed or analyzed. Mean filtering is a commonly used signal processing technology used to smooth data and reduce noise. In seismic data processing, mean filtering is usually applied to a set of continuous seismic tracks. n here refers to the size of the track number window used for mean filtering, that is, the number of continuous tracks considered when performing mean filtering. For example, if n=3, then when performing mean filtering on the current track i, the data of the current track i and one track to its left and right, a total of three tracks, will be considered to calculate the average value; in seismic data processing, this mean filtering is usually used to enhance signal continuity and reduce random noise, which helps to more clearly identify the characteristics of seismic waves, such as reflection and diffraction.

[0055] Step S210, determining the diffraction properties of the diffraction waves, wherein the diffraction properties refer to the seismic response characteristics when the seismic waves are diffracted at the underground discontinuous geological interface, and are used to represent the groundwater migration path.

[0056] In this embodiment, after the diffraction wave is extracted, the coherence of the diffraction wave (ie, the diffraction property) can be analyzed and determined to observe groundwater migration paths, such as karst gullies, karst troughs, karst fissures, fault structures, joint fissures, etc.

[0057] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, in the above step S210, determining the diffraction property of the diffraction wave includes: determining the common imaging point gathers based on the seismic migration data using the fifth formula, wherein the fifth formula is: C(x m , t m ,θ m ) = ∫D(x, t)δ(tt′ d (x,x m , t m ))δ(θ m -θ(x,x m , t m ))dtdx,C(x m ,t m ,θ m ) represents the common imaging point gather, θ m represents the lighting angle, t′ d (x,x m ,t m ) means from x to (x m ,t m ) travel time, θ(x,x m ,t m ) means from x to (x m ,t m ), travel time refers to the time required for seismic waves to propagate from the seismic wave source to a specific imaging point, illumination angle refers to the incident angle of seismic waves from the underground reflection point to the ground, and common imaging point gathers refer to a group of data formed by seismic data with the same imaging point during seismic migration; the diffraction properties of the diffraction waves are determined according to the common imaging point gathers using the sixth formula, where the sixth formula is: S(x m ,t0) represents the diffraction property, A represents the time window size, N represents the number of illumination angles, θ max represents the maximum illumination angle, and t0 represents the time when the current imaging point reaches the ground.

[0058] Specifically, formula ⑤ can be used to construct a common imaging point gather (a set of data formed by seismic data with the same imaging point during the seismic migration process), and then the diffraction properties of the diffraction wave can be calculated based on the common imaging point gather using formula ⑥. Formula ⑤ is as follows: C(xm , t m ,θ m ) = ∫D(x, t)δ(tt′ d (x,x m , t m ))δ(θ m -θ(x,x m , t m ))dtdx, where C(x m ,t m ,θ m ) represents the common imaging point gather, θ m represents the lighting angle, t′ d (x,x m ,t m ) means from x to (x m ,t m ) travel time, θ(x,x m ,t m ) means from x to (x m ,t m ), travel time refers to the time required for seismic waves to propagate from the seismic wave source to a specific imaging point. Travel time is usually used to calculate the arrival time and velocity of seismic waves, and then used for seismic wave positioning and velocity modeling. Illumination angle refers to the incident angle of seismic waves from the underground reflection point to the ground. Formula ⑥ is as follows: In the formula, S(x m ,t0) represents the diffraction property, A represents the time window size, N represents the number of illumination angles, θ max represents the maximum illumination angle, and t0 represents the time when the current imaging point reaches the ground.

[0059] The common imaging point gather can be constructed specifically through the following steps: 1) Determine the imaging point: determine the underground imaging point according to the reflection or diffraction events in the seismic data; 2) Calculate the illumination angle: for each imaging point, calculate the angle at which the seismic wave reaches the point; 3) Select data tracks with the same illumination angle: classify the tracks in the seismic data according to the illumination angle, and group the tracks with the same illumination angle together; The purpose of constructing the common imaging point gather is to: 1) Improve the imaging quality of the diffraction wave: By focusing on the seismic tracks with the same illumination angle, the signal of the diffraction wave can be enhanced, thereby improving the quality and resolution of the imaging; 2) Improve the recognition of diffraction waves: The common imaging point gather helps to identify and distinguish diffraction waves and reflection waves, because they may appear similar in the seismic data, but have different illumination angles; 3) Enhance the effect of data processing: By focusing on similar seismic tracks, various seismic data processing techniques, such as filtering and gain control, can be more effectively applied.

[0060] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, after the above step S210, that is, after determining the diffraction properties of the diffraction wave, the groundwater migration channel attribute extraction method also includes: analyzing and processing the diffraction properties of the diffraction wave to obtain a groundwater migration path, wherein the groundwater migration path is used to explore the migration mode of groundwater underground.

[0061] Specifically, the diffraction wave field is the manifestation of underground geological discontinuities in seismic records, so its imaging results can directly reflect this discontinuity; therefore, after analyzing the diffraction properties of the diffraction wave, the groundwater migration path can be further analyzed and determined; it should be noted that there is a relatively complex process between clarifying the properties of the diffraction wave and clarifying the specific location of the groundwater migration path, which may include: 1) Data verification: ensuring that the calculated diffraction properties are reliable and not affected by noise or other geological factors; 2) Attribute interpretation: geological interpretation of the diffraction properties to determine which attribute changes are related to the groundwater migration path; 3) Data fusion: combining the diffraction properties with other geophysical data (such as resistivity, groundwater level changes, etc.) to improve the accuracy of locating the groundwater migration path; 4) Inversion and simulation: using the calculated diffraction 5) Visualization: Visualize the predicted results of diffraction properties and groundwater migration channels to more intuitively understand the flow characteristics of groundwater; 6) Sensitivity analysis: Perform sensitivity analysis to evaluate the impact of different parameter changes on the predicted results of groundwater migration channels; 7) Field verification: Verify the seismic exploration results by drilling or other field investigation methods when possible; 8) Report and suggestions: Write a detailed report to summarize the location, characteristics and possible impact of the groundwater migration channel, and put forward further exploration or development suggestions; this may require relevant professionals to analyze and observe to determine. The above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention mainly provides how to analyze and determine the diffraction properties of the diffraction wave. How to determine the groundwater migration channel based on the diffraction properties of the diffraction wave will not be repeated here.

[0062] As can be seen from the above, through the technical solution provided by the above embodiments of the present invention, in the process of seismic exploration, seismic offset data and velocity data of seismic waves propagating in underground media can be obtained, wherein the seismic offset data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by seismic waves detected during the seismic exploration process; the offset inclination of the offset reflection wave in the offset profile is determined according to the seismic offset data, wherein the offset profile refers to first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic offset data, and the offset reflection wave is an offset reflection wave formed by the reflection wave in the seismic data after the seismic data is offset, and the reflection wave is a reflection wave formed when the seismic wave encounters different media at the underground interface; the de-migration inclination of the reflection wave in the de-migration profile is determined according to the offset inclination and velocity data of the offset reflection wave in the de-migration profile, wherein the de-migration profile refers to second image data obtained by visualizing the target seismic data, and the target seismic data is de-migrated by de-migrating the seismic offset data. The invention relates to a method for filtering the reflected waves in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration angle to extract the diffraction waves in the target seismic data, wherein the diffraction waves are formed by scattering of the seismic waves when they encounter irregular geology at the underground interface; and determining the diffraction properties of the diffraction waves, wherein the diffraction properties refer to the seismic response characteristics when the seismic waves are diffracted at the underground discontinuous geological interface, and are used to represent the groundwater migration path. The method achieves the purpose of determining the inclination of the reflected waves in the seismic data by calculating the offset inclination of the reflected waves in the offset section corresponding to the seismic migration data, thereby filtering out the reflected waves along the inclination to extract the diffraction waves in the seismic data, and then analyzing and determining the diffraction properties of the diffraction waves. The method achieves the technical effect of analyzing the inclination of the reflected waves in the seismic data by performing migration and reverse migration processing, thereby filtering out the reflected waves along the inclination to extract the diffraction waves in the seismic data, and improving the accuracy of extracting the diffraction waves, laying a foundation for accurate imaging of the groundwater migration path.

[0063] Therefore, the technical solution provided by the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention solves the technical problem in the related art that it is difficult to directly extract the properties of the diffraction wave, resulting in difficulty in observing the groundwater migration channel.

[0064] It should be noted that, for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the present application is not limited by the described order of actions, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present application.

[0065] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method according to the above embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes a number of instructions for a terminal device (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0066] According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a groundwater migration channel attribute extraction device for implementing the above-mentioned groundwater migration channel attribute extraction method. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a device for extracting properties of groundwater migration channels according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the device comprises: a first acquisition unit 31, a first determination unit 33, a second determination unit 35, an extraction unit 37 and a third determination unit 39. The device for extracting the properties of groundwater migration channels is described in detail below.

[0067] The first acquisition unit 31 is used to acquire seismic offset data and velocity data of seismic waves propagating in underground media during seismic exploration, wherein the seismic offset data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by seismic waves detected during seismic exploration.

[0068] The first determination unit 33 is used to determine the offset inclination of the offset reflection wave in the offset section according to the seismic offset data, wherein the offset section refers to the first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic offset data, and the offset reflection wave is the reflection wave in the seismic data formed after the seismic data is offset processed, and the reflection wave is the reflection wave formed when the seismic wave encounters different media at the underground interface.

[0069] The second determination unit 35 is used to determine the reverse migration dip of the reflection wave in the reverse migration section according to the migration dip and velocity data of the migration reflection wave in the migration section, wherein the reverse migration section refers to the second image data obtained by visualizing the target seismic data, and the target seismic data is the data obtained by reverse migration processing the seismic migration data.

[0070] The extraction unit 37 is used to filter the reflected waves in the target seismic data along the direction of the back-migration dip angle to extract the diffraction waves in the target seismic data, wherein the diffraction waves are formed by scattering of seismic waves when encountering irregular geology at the underground interface.

[0071] The third determination unit 39 is used to determine the diffraction attribute of the diffraction wave, wherein the diffraction attribute refers to the seismic response characteristics when the seismic wave is diffracted at the underground discontinuous geological interface, and is used to represent the groundwater migration path.

[0072] It should be noted here that the above-mentioned first acquisition unit 31, first determination unit 33, second determination unit 35, extraction unit 37 and third determination unit 39 correspond to steps S202 to S210 in the above-mentioned embodiments, and the five units are the same as the instances and application scenarios implemented by the corresponding steps, but are not limited to the contents disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0073] As can be seen from the above, in the scheme recorded in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, the first acquisition unit can be used to acquire seismic offset data and velocity data of seismic wave propagation in the underground medium during the seismic exploration, wherein the seismic offset data is data obtained by processing the seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by seismic waves detected during the seismic exploration process; then the first determination unit is used to determine the offset inclination of the offset reflection wave in the offset profile according to the seismic offset data, wherein the offset profile refers to first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic offset data, and the offset reflection wave is an offset reflection wave formed by the reflection wave in the seismic data after the seismic data is offset, and the reflection wave is a reflection wave formed by the seismic wave when it encounters different media at the underground interface; then the second determination unit is used to determine the de-migration inclination of the reflection wave in the de-migration profile according to the offset inclination and velocity data of the offset reflection wave in the offset profile, wherein the de-migration profile refers to second image data obtained by visualizing the target seismic data, and the target seismic data is a de-migration inclination of the seismic offset data. The invention relates to a method for determining the diffraction wave of the target seismic data by performing a reverse migration process on the reflected wave in the target seismic data; and then using an extraction unit to filter the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration dip angle to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data, wherein the diffraction wave is formed by scattering when the seismic wave encounters irregular geology at an underground interface; and finally using a third determination unit to determine the diffraction property of the diffraction wave, wherein the diffraction property refers to the seismic response characteristics when the seismic wave is diffracted at an underground discontinuous geological interface, and is used to represent the groundwater migration path, so as to achieve the purpose of determining the dip angle of the reflected wave in the seismic data by calculating the offset dip angle of the reflected wave in the seismic migration data corresponding to the offset profile, thereby filtering the reflected wave along the dip angle to extract the diffraction wave in the seismic data, and then analyzing and determining the diffraction property of the diffraction wave, and achieving the technical effect of analyzing the dip angle of the reflected wave in the seismic data by performing migration and reverse migration process, thereby filtering the reflected wave along the dip angle to extract the diffraction wave in the seismic data, and improving the accuracy of extracting the diffraction wave, and laying a foundation for accurate imaging of the groundwater migration path.

[0074] Therefore, the technical solution provided by the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention solves the technical problem in the related art that it is difficult to directly extract the properties of the diffraction wave, resulting in difficulty in observing the groundwater migration channel.

[0075] Optionally, the first determination unit includes: a first determination module, configured to determine the migration dip of the migration reflection wave in the migration section according to the seismic migration data by using Hilbert transform according to a first formula, wherein the first formula is: p m represents the offset dip, I represents the seismic offset data, They represent the two-dimensional Hilbert transform at x m The weight in direction, They represent the two-dimensional Hilbert transform at t m The component in the direction, x m represents the first horizontal coordinate in the offset space, t m represents the first travel time information in the offset space, ε represents a very small positive number used to improve the stability of the solution, the first horizontal coordinate is used to represent the first relative position of the seismic source and the seismic detector on the surface in the offset space, and the first travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic source to the seismic detector in the offset space.

[0076] Optionally, the groundwater migration channel attribute extraction device further includes: a second acquisition unit, which is used to perform anti-migration processing on the seismic migration data according to a second formula to obtain target seismic data before determining the anti-migration dip of the reflection wave in the anti-migration profile according to the migration dip and velocity data of the migration reflection wave in the migration profile, wherein the second formula is: M(x, t) = ∫I(x m ,t m )δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m ))dt m dx m , M(x,t) represents the target seismic data, I(x m ,t m ) represents seismic migration data, x represents the second horizontal coordinate in the de-migration space, t represents the second travel time information in the de-migration space, the second horizontal coordinate is used to represent the second relative position of the seismic wave source and the seismic detector on the surface in the de-migration space, and the second travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector in the de-migration space, δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m )) represents the Dirac function, t d (x,t,x m) represents an isochronous surface defined by (x, t) and the coordinates of the imaging point. The isochronous surface refers to a surface composed of all imaging points with the same arrival time during the propagation of seismic waves. The imaging point is the position where the seismic wave is reflected on the ground. The third acquisition unit is used to visualize the target seismic data and obtain a reverse migration profile.

[0077] Optionally, the second determination unit includes: a second determination module, configured to determine the demigration dip of the reflected wave in the demigration section using a third formula according to the migration dip and velocity data of the migrated reflected wave in the migration section, wherein the third formula is: p represents the de-migration inclination angle, and v represents the velocity data.

[0078] Optionally, the extraction unit includes: an extraction module, configured to filter the reflection wave in the target seismic data along the direction where the back migration dip angle is located, so as to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data using a fourth formula, wherein the fourth formula is: D(x,t) represents the diffraction wave signal data of the diffraction wave, i represents the label of the current seismic trace, n represents the window of the mean filter, Δx i It represents the displacement when filtering the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration angle, Δt i It indicates the time shift when filtering the reflected waves in the target seismic data along the direction of the de-migration dip.

[0079] Optionally, the third determination unit includes: a third determination module, configured to determine the common imaging point gathers based on the seismic migration data using a fifth formula, wherein the fifth formula is: C(x m , t m ,θ m ) = ∫D(x, t)δ(tt′ d (x,x m , t m ))δ(θ m -θ(x,x m , t m ))dtdx,C(x m ,t m ,θ m ) represents the common imaging point gather, θ m represents the lighting angle, t′ d (x,x m ,t m ) means from x to (x m ,t m ) travel time, θ(x,x m ,t m ) means from x to (x m ,t m), travel time refers to the time required for seismic waves to propagate from the seismic wave source to a specific imaging point, illumination angle refers to the incident angle of seismic waves from the underground reflection point to the ground, and common imaging point gathers refer to a group of data formed by seismic data with the same imaging point during seismic migration; a fourth determination module is used to determine the diffraction properties of the diffraction wave according to the common imaging point gathers using the sixth formula, wherein the sixth formula is: S(x m ,t0) represents the diffraction property, A represents the time window size, N represents the number of illumination angles, θ max represents the maximum illumination angle, and t0 represents the time when the current imaging point reaches the ground.

[0080] Optionally, the groundwater migration channel attribute extraction device also includes: a fourth acquisition unit, which is used to analyze and process the diffraction properties of the diffraction wave after determining the diffraction properties of the diffraction wave to obtain a groundwater migration channel, wherein the groundwater migration channel is used to explore the migration mode of groundwater underground.

[0081] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a groundwater migration channel attribute extraction system is further provided. The groundwater migration channel attribute extraction system uses any one of the above-mentioned groundwater migration channel attribute extraction methods.

[0082] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium comprising a stored program, wherein the program executes any one of the above-mentioned methods for extracting attributes of groundwater migration pathways.

[0083] Optionally, in this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be located in any one of the computer terminals in a computer terminal group in a computer network, or in any one of the communication devices in a communication device group.

[0084] Optionally, in this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium is configured to store program codes for executing the following steps: in the process of performing seismic exploration, obtaining seismic offset data and data on the velocity of seismic waves propagating in underground media, wherein the seismic offset data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by seismic waves detected during the seismic exploration process; determining an offset inclination of an offset reflection wave in an offset profile according to the seismic offset data, wherein the offset profile refers to first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic offset data, and the offset reflection wave is an offset reflection wave formed by the reflection wave in the seismic data after the seismic data is subjected to the offset processing, and the reflection wave is a reflection wave generated when the seismic wave encounters different media at the underground interface. The invention relates to a method for filtering the reflected waves formed by the deflection; determining the de-migration dip of the reflected waves in the de-migration profile according to the deflection dip and velocity data of the de-migration reflected waves in the de-migration profile, wherein the de-migration profile refers to the second image data obtained by visualizing the target seismic data, and the target seismic data is the data obtained by de-migration of the seismic migration data; filtering the reflected waves in the target seismic data along the direction of the de-migration dip to extract the diffraction waves in the target seismic data, wherein the diffraction waves are the diffraction waves formed by scattering when the seismic waves encounter irregular geology at the underground interface; determining the diffraction properties of the diffraction waves, wherein the diffraction properties refer to the seismic response characteristics when the seismic waves are diffracted at the underground discontinuous geological interface, and are used to represent the groundwater migration path.

[0085] Optionally, in this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium is configured to store a program code for executing the following steps: determining the migration dip of the migration reflection wave in the migration section according to the seismic migration data by using the Hilbert transform according to a first formula, wherein the first formula is: p m represents the offset dip, I represents the seismic offset data, They represent the two-dimensional Hilbert transform at x m The weight in direction, They represent the two-dimensional Hilbert transform at t m The component in the direction, x m represents the first horizontal coordinate in the offset space, t m represents the first travel time information in the offset space, ε represents a very small positive number used to improve the stability of the solution, the first horizontal coordinate is used to represent the first relative position of the seismic source and the seismic detector on the surface in the offset space, and the first travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic source to the seismic detector in the offset space.

[0086] Optionally, in this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium is configured to store a program code for executing the following steps: performing a reverse migration process on the seismic migration data according to a second formula to obtain target seismic data, wherein the second formula is: M(x, t) = ∫I(x m ,t m )δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m ))dt m dx m , M(x,t) represents the target seismic data, I(x m ,t m ) represents seismic migration data, x represents the second horizontal coordinate in the de-migration space, t represents the second travel time information in the de-migration space, the second horizontal coordinate is used to represent the second relative position of the seismic wave source and the seismic detector on the surface in the de-migration space, and the second travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector in the de-migration space, δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m )) represents the Dirac function, t d (x,t,x m ) represents the isochronous surface defined by (x, t) and the coordinates of the imaging point. The isochronous surface refers to the surface composed of all imaging points with the same arrival time during the propagation of seismic waves. The imaging point is the position where the seismic wave is reflected on the ground. The target seismic data is visualized to obtain the reverse migration profile.

[0087] Optionally, in this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium is configured to store a program code for executing the following steps: determining the demigration dip of the reflected wave in the demigration section by using a third formula according to the migration dip and velocity data of the migrated reflected wave in the migration section, wherein the third formula is: p represents the de-migration inclination angle, and v represents the velocity data.

[0088] Optionally, in this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium is configured to store a program code for executing the following steps: filtering the reflected waves in the target seismic data along the direction where the back-migration dip angle is located, so as to extract the diffraction waves in the target seismic data using a fourth formula, wherein the fourth formula is: D(x,t) represents the diffraction wave signal data of the diffraction wave, i represents the label of the current seismic trace, n represents the window of the mean filter, Δx i It represents the displacement when filtering the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration angle, Δt i It indicates the time shift when filtering the reflected waves in the target seismic data along the direction of the de-migration dip.

[0089] Optionally, in this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium is configured to store a program code for executing the following steps: determining a common imaging point gather based on the seismic migration data using a fifth formula, wherein the fifth formula is: C(x m , t m ,θ m ) = ∫D(x, t)δ(tt′ d (x,x m , t m ))δ(θ m -θ(x,x m , t m ))dtdx,C(x m ,t m ,θ m ) represents the common imaging point gather, θ m represents the lighting angle, t′ d (x,x m ,t m ) means from x to (x m ,t m ) travel time, θ(x,x m ,t m ) means from x to (x m ,t m ), travel time refers to the time required for seismic waves to propagate from the seismic wave source to a specific imaging point, illumination angle refers to the incident angle of seismic waves from the underground reflection point to the ground, and common imaging point gathers refer to a group of data formed by seismic data with the same imaging point during seismic migration; the diffraction properties of the diffraction waves are determined according to the common imaging point gathers using the sixth formula, where the sixth formula is: S(x m ,t0) represents the diffraction property, A represents the time window size, N represents the number of illumination angles, θ max represents the maximum illumination angle, and t0 represents the time when the current imaging point reaches the ground.

[0090] Optionally, in this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium is configured to store program code for executing the following steps: analyzing and processing the diffraction properties of the diffraction wave to obtain a groundwater migration path, wherein the groundwater migration path is used to explore the migration mode of groundwater underground.

[0091] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a processor is further provided, and the processor is used to run a program, wherein when the program is run, any one of the above-mentioned groundwater migration channel attribute extraction methods is executed.

[0092] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product is also provided, comprising computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, execute any one of the above-mentioned methods for extracting attributes of groundwater migration pathways.

[0093] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0094] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0095] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. Among them, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units can be a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of units or modules, which can be electrical or other forms.

[0096] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0097] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0098] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0099] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for extracting attributes of groundwater migration pathways, characterized in that: include: In the process of seismic exploration, seismic offset data and velocity data of seismic waves propagating in underground media are obtained, wherein the seismic offset data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by seismic waves detected in the process of seismic exploration; Determining a migration dip of a migration reflection wave in a migration section according to the seismic migration data, wherein the migration section refers to first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic migration data, and the migration reflection wave is a reflection wave in the seismic data formed after the seismic data is migrated, and the reflection wave is a reflection wave formed when the seismic wave encounters different media at an underground interface; Determining a de-migration dip of the reflected wave in a de-migration section according to the migration dip of the migrated reflected wave in the migration section and the velocity data, wherein the de-migration section refers to second image data obtained by visualizing target seismic data, and the target seismic data is data obtained by de-migration of the seismic migration data; Performing filtering processing on the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the back-migration dip angle to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data, wherein the diffraction wave is a diffraction wave formed by scattering of the seismic wave when it encounters irregular geology at an underground interface; Determine the diffraction property of the diffraction wave, wherein the diffraction property refers to the seismic response characteristics when the seismic wave is diffracted at a discontinuous underground geological interface, and is used to represent a groundwater migration path.

2. The method for extracting groundwater migration channel attributes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the migration dip angle of the migration reflection wave in the migration section according to the seismic migration data includes: The migration dip angle of the migration reflection wave in the migration section is determined according to the seismic migration data by using Hilbert transform according to a first formula, wherein the first formula is: p m represents the offset dip angle, I represents the seismic offset data, They represent the two-dimensional Hilbert transform at x m The weight in direction, They represent the two-dimensional Hilbert transform at t m The component in the direction, x m represents the first horizontal coordinate in the offset space, t m represents the first travel time information in the offset space, ε represents a very small positive number used to improve the stability of the solution, the first horizontal coordinate is used to represent the first relative position of the seismic wave source and the seismic detector on the surface in the offset space, and the first travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave in the offset space to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector.

3. The method for extracting groundwater migration channel attributes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before determining the demigration dip of the reflected wave in the demigration section according to the migration dip of the migrated reflected wave in the migration section and the velocity data, the method further comprises: The seismic migration data is de-migrated according to the second formula to obtain the target seismic data, wherein the second formula is: M(x, t) = ∫I(x m ,t m )δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m ))dt m dx m , M(x,t) represents the target seismic data, I(x m ,t m ) represents the seismic migration data, x represents the second horizontal coordinate in the de-migration space, t represents the second travel time information in the de-migration space, the second horizontal coordinate is used to represent the second relative position of the seismic wave source and the seismic detector on the surface in the de-migration space, and the second travel time information refers to the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to the seismic detector in the de-migration space, δ(t m -t d (x,t,x m )) represents the Dirac function, t d (x,t,x m ) represents an isochronous surface defined by (x, t) and the coordinates of an imaging point, wherein the isochronous surface refers to a surface formed by all the imaging points having the same arrival time during the propagation of the seismic wave, and the imaging point is the position where the seismic wave is reflected on the ground; The target seismic data is visualized to obtain the de-migration profile.

4. The method for extracting groundwater migration channel attributes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the demigration dip of the reflected wave in the demigration section according to the migration dip of the migrated reflected wave in the migration section and the velocity data comprises: The demigration dip of the reflected wave in the demigration section is determined by using a third formula according to the migration dip of the migrated reflected wave in the migration section and the velocity data, wherein the third formula is: p represents the de-migration inclination angle, and v represents the velocity data.

5. The method for extracting groundwater migration channel attributes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Filtering the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the back-migration dip angle to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data includes: The reflected wave in the target seismic data is filtered along the direction of the back-migration dip angle to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data using a fourth formula, wherein the fourth formula is: D(x, t) represents the diffraction wave signal data of the diffraction wave, i represents the label of the current seismic trace, n represents the trace number window of the mean filter, Δx i represents the displacement when filtering the reflection wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the reverse migration dip, Δt i It represents the time shift amount when filtering the reflection wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the back migration dip angle.

6. The method for extracting groundwater migration channel attributes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the diffraction property of the diffraction wave includes: Based on the seismic migration data, the fifth formula is used to determine the common imaging point gather, wherein the fifth formula is: C(x m , t m ,θ m ) = ∫D(x, t)δ(tt′ d (x,x m , t m ))δ(θ m -θ(x,x m , t m ))dtdx,C(x m ,t m ,θ m ) represents the common imaging point gather, θ m represents the lighting angle, t′ d (x,x m ,t m ) means from x to (x m ,t m ) travel time, θ(x,x m ,t m ) means from x to (x m ,t m ), the travel time represents the time required for the seismic wave to propagate from the seismic wave source to a specific imaging point, the illumination angle refers to the incident angle of the seismic wave from the underground reflection point to the ground, and the common imaging point gather refers to a group of data formed by the seismic data having the same imaging point during the seismic migration process; The diffraction property of the diffraction wave is determined according to the common imaging point gather using the sixth formula, wherein the sixth formula is: S(x m , t0) represents the diffraction property, A represents the time window scale, N represents the number of illumination angles, θ max represents the maximum illumination angle, and t0 represents the time when the current imaging point reaches the ground.

7. The method for extracting groundwater migration channel attributes according to claim 1, characterized in that: After determining the diffraction property of the diffraction wave, the method further includes: The diffraction properties of the diffraction waves are analyzed and processed to obtain the groundwater migration path, wherein the groundwater migration path is used to explore the migration mode of groundwater underground.

8. A device for extracting properties of groundwater migration channels, characterized in that: include: A first acquisition unit is used to acquire seismic offset data and velocity data of seismic waves propagating in underground media during seismic exploration, wherein the seismic offset data is data obtained by processing seismic data, and the seismic data refers to data formed by seismic waves detected during seismic exploration; a first determining unit, configured to determine a migration dip of a migration reflection wave in a migration section according to the seismic migration data, wherein the migration section refers to first image data obtained by visualizing the seismic migration data, and the migration reflection wave is a reflection wave in the seismic data formed after the seismic data is subjected to migration processing, and the reflection wave is a reflection wave formed when the seismic wave encounters different media at an underground interface; a second determining unit, configured to determine a de-migration dip of the reflected wave in a de-migration section according to the migration dip of the migrated reflected wave in the migration section and the velocity data, wherein the de-migration section refers to second image data obtained by visualizing target seismic data, and the target seismic data is data obtained by de-migration of the seismic migration data; an extraction unit, configured to filter the reflected wave in the target seismic data along the direction of the back-migration dip angle to extract the diffraction wave in the target seismic data, wherein the diffraction wave is a diffraction wave formed by scattering of the seismic wave when it encounters irregular geology at an underground interface; The third determination unit is used to determine the diffraction property of the diffraction wave, wherein the diffraction property refers to the seismic response characteristics when the seismic wave is diffracted at the underground discontinuous geological interface, and is used to represent the groundwater migration path.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein the program executes the method for extracting groundwater migration channel attributes as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer program product comprising computer instructions, characterized in that: When the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the method for extracting groundwater migration channel attributes as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is performed.

Images