Hydropower station construction process ecological evaluation system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy project environment ecological protection, and discloses a hydropower station construction process ecological evaluation system, which comprises an optimization model for dynamic balance between the generating capacity and the ecological flow of a universal river power station, and the optimization model is higher in accuracy and stronger in fitness. According to the invention, the ecological flow demands of various fishes in various rivers in different periods can be simulated, and the optimal result between the optimal hydropower station generating capacity and the ecological flow can be simulated; aiming at the contradiction between the hydropower station generating capacity and the ecological flow in the current river ecosystem and the condition that different fishes have different ecological fitness to different flows, the hydropower station generating capacity and ecological flow change of the hydropower station ecosystem along with time is taken as a target function. And finally determining the downstream ecological flow of the power station to realize dynamic balance between the ecological flow and the power generation capacity of the power station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy project environmental ecological protection, and in particular relates to an ecological evaluation system for a hydropower station construction process. Background Art

[0002] In order to increase the protection of river ecosystems and fish habitats, the optimal design of the balance between the release of ecological flow and power generation in the river hydropower station is an essential factor to be considered during the operation of the power station. Domestic and foreign researchers and scholars have done a lot of research in this regard to protect the ecology of rivers in power station operation, especially the downstream habitat of the power station. Through investigation and research, it is shown that the operation of traditional hydropower stations is mainly guided by hydropower generation. And this solution has seriously affected or changed the original relative abundance and aquatic species to a great extent. However, with the increasing attention paid to river ecology by relevant departments, the operation and management of hydropower has gradually shifted from power-based business to ecological river ecosystem restoration activities to improve the gradually degraded river ecological environment and habitat. In many countries, the aquatic ecosystem of the river is listed as the highest level of consideration, and in order to meet the requirements of the environment and ecosystem. Even for the restoration of the ecosystem, some small and medium-sized dams will be demolished. It can be seen that it is extremely important to maintain the fish in the ecosystem and its habitat.

[0003] In most existing countries, in order to reduce the impact of power stations on river ecosystems, especially the impact of downstream river ecosystems, it is usually required to release water flow as ecological flow according to a certain proportion of the total flow to meet the flow requirements of fish. This scheme has been widely used and concerned, and has been used as a practice by many river management agencies. However, there is no consensus on the flow ratio. Most of them propose a percentage of a fixed value of a constant flow or total flow and limit it to between 2% and 5% of the multi-year average flow. Of course, many researchers believe that the percentage of a fixed value of a constant flow or total flow should be increased to 10% or more or even 20%. Some researchers also suggest that the discharge of ecological flow should be set to different values ​​according to different seasons and different growth stages of fish. And these factors should be factors that must be considered in the discharge of ecological flow. However, many experts oppose this suggestion because the discharge of ecological flow will lead to a significant reduction in hydropower generation and increase the difficulty of power station management and operation. Therefore, it is necessary to make an optimal and reasonable dynamic balance between aquatic ecosystem protection and power generation. In the present invention, a new eco-friendly power station optimization model is proposed. The method can effectively improve the efficiency of ecological flow and at the same time can protect the power generation of power stations, especially diversion hydropower stations, to the greatest extent.

[0004] Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:

[0005] The discharge of existing ecological flows will lead to a significant reduction in hydropower generation and increase the difficulty of power station management and operation. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an ecological evaluation system for the construction process of a hydropower station.

[0007] The present invention is implemented in this way: a hydropower station construction process ecological evaluation system comprises:

[0008] A division module module, a calculation module module, a power generation calculation module, a simulation module, a fitness value determination module, and an ecological flow determination module;

[0009] The division module module is connected with the calculation module module and is used to divide the whole year into spawning period, seedling period, growth period and maturity period according to different growth periods of fish;

[0010] A calculation module module, connected to the power generation calculation module, is used to calculate the objective function;

[0011] A power generation calculation module is connected to the simulation module and is used for power generation calculation;

[0012] A simulation module, connected to the fitness value determination module, is used to simulate the flow velocity, water depth, and temperature in the river using a hydrodynamic model;

[0013] The fitness value determination module is connected to the ecological flow determination module and is used to determine the fitness values ​​of different fish species according to their different growth periods;

[0014] The ecological flow determination module is connected with the fitness value determination module and is used to calculate the maximum value of the objective function according to the formula, and then determine the ecological flow of the river in different seasons under the maximum value of the objective function.

[0015] Furthermore, the calculation objective function comprises, in part, a weight of power generation, and in another part, a weight of fish habitat conditions.

[0016] Further, the objective function is defined as: F=max(α.E+β.OSI), where E is the hydropower generation, OSI is the overall fitness value of the fish habitat, α and β are constants, and F is the objective function.

[0017] Further, the power generation calculation method is:

[0018] E = 9.81 ηQH;

[0019] The overall fitness value of fish habitat is calculated as:

[0020]

[0021] Where Q is the flow rate, H is the power generation head (meters); η is the hydropower efficiency, SIv, Sid, SIt, and SIs represent the flow rate, water depth, temperature, and adaptability of the riverbed medium, respectively.

[0022] Furthermore, the fitness value range is 0-1.

[0023] Furthermore, 0 represents unsuitable, and 1 represents very suitable.

[0024] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for ecological assessment of a hydropower station construction process, comprising:

[0025] Step 1: According to the different growth stages of fish, the whole year is divided into spawning period, seedling period, growth period and maturity period;

[0026] Step 2: Calculate the objective function, one part of which is composed of the weight of power generation and the other part is composed of the weight of fish habitat conditions;

[0027] Step 3: Calculate power generation;

[0028] Step 4: The flow velocity, water depth and temperature in the river are simulated using a hydrodynamic model, which is also included in the entire model.

[0029] Step 5: determine the fitness values ​​of different fishes at different growth stages, with the fitness value range being 0-1, where 0 means unsuitable and 1 means very suitable;

[0030] Step six, calculate the maximum value of the objective function according to the above formula, and then determine the ecological flow of the river in different seasons under the maximum value of the objective function.

[0031] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the method for ecological assessment of the hydropower station construction process.

[0032] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, enables the processor to execute the steps of the method for ecological assessment of the hydropower station construction process.

[0033] Another object of the present invention is to provide an information data processing terminal, which is used to implement the ecological evaluation system of the hydropower station construction process.

[0034] In combination with the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, please analyze the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention from the following aspects:

[0035] First, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a more accurate and adaptable universal optimization model for the dynamic balance between the power generation of river power stations and the ecological flow. The present invention can simulate the ecological flow requirements of various fish species in various rivers at different times and can simulate the optimal results between the power generation of the optimal hydropower station and the ecological flow.

[0036] The calculation result export format of the hydrodynamics of the present invention is dat format, and the fitness result of the river is also in dat numerical format. The result can be displayed in most image software interfaces, and the simulation effect diagram is vivid.

[0037] Second, the ecological evaluation system for the hydropower station construction process provided by the present invention proposes a systematic solution to the problem of balancing hydropower development and ecological protection. The following is a detailed description of how the present invention solves the problems of the prior art and brings about significant technological progress:

[0038] Technical issues solved:

[0039] 1. Conflict between hydropower development and ecological protection:

[0040] In the construction of traditional hydropower stations, power generation efficiency is often the main consideration, while the impact on the ecological environment is not fully evaluated, especially the impact on river ecosystems, such as fish habitats. The present invention introduces a systematic evaluation module to comprehensively consider both power generation and ecological factors to ensure the sustainability of hydropower construction.

[0041] 2. Scientific determination of ecological flow:

[0042] The prior art lacks an effective method to determine the ecological flow of a river, especially the differences in the flow requirements of fish at different growth stages. The present invention provides a method for adjusting the ecological flow according to the needs of fish at different growth stages, thereby better protecting the habitat of aquatic organisms.

[0043] 3. Optimal balance between hydropower station power generation and ecological protection:

[0044] It is difficult to optimize both power generation efficiency and ecological protection goals in traditional methods. The present invention can find the optimal balance between the two through simulation and optimization algorithms, thus achieving the dual goals of power generation and ecological protection.

[0045] Significant technological advances achieved:

[0046] 1. Systematic evaluation method:

[0047] By introducing multiple specialized evaluation modules, such as a division module, a calculation module, a power generation calculation module, etc., the present invention systematically processes complex ecological and power generation data, thereby improving the scientificity and accuracy of the evaluation.

[0048] 2. Comprehensive optimization of ecological and economic goals:

[0049] By comprehensively considering the calculation of power generation and ecological adaptability, the present invention can minimize the negative impact on the ecological environment while ensuring power supply. This optimization method not only improves the utilization efficiency of resources, but also promotes the sustainable development of the environment.

[0050] 3. Improve the scientific certainty of ecological flow:

[0051] The present invention uses an ecological flow determination module to scientifically determine the ecological flow of a river based on a comprehensive analysis of ecological and power generation data, especially taking into account the needs of different seasons and different biological growth cycles, thereby significantly improving the rationality and effectiveness of ecological flow setting.

[0052] 4. Dynamic adjustment and real-time simulation:

[0053] By simulating the flow rate, water depth and temperature in the river in real time and dynamically adjusting the ecological flow in combination with the growth cycle and habitat requirements of fish, the invention provides a highly flexible and responsive tool for hydropower station management.

[0054] The present invention solves the key problems of ecological assessment and management in hydropower station construction through an innovative system approach, and provides a feasible technical solution to achieve harmonious development of environmental protection and energy production.

[0055] Third, as auxiliary evidence of the inventiveness of the claims of the present invention, it is also reflected in the following important aspects:

[0056] (1) The expected benefits and commercial value of the technical solution of the present invention after transformation are:

[0057] The ecological evaluation system for the hydropower station construction process of the present invention has significant expected benefits and commercial value in protecting river ecosystems, improving power generation efficiency, and reducing operating costs, etc. This can not only achieve a win-win situation in economic and environmental benefits, but also promote the advancement of industry technology.

[0058] 1. Environmental and ecological benefits

[0059] (1) Restoration of river ecosystems The present invention achieves effective protection and restoration of river ecosystems by optimizing the ecological flow discharge during the construction of hydropower stations. This will help maintain the health of river ecosystems and promote the improvement of biodiversity, especially the protection of fish habitats. This ecological benefit not only helps environmental protection, but also increases public acceptance and support for hydropower station projects and promotes social sustainable development.

[0060] (2) Reduce damage to the ecological environment The optimized ecological evaluation system can dynamically adjust the water flow and set different flow values ​​according to the needs of different seasons and fish growth stages, thereby protecting the ecological environment while reducing the negative impact caused by constant flow. This will effectively reduce the damage of the hydropower station to the downstream ecological environment and maintain ecological balance.

[0061] 2. Economic Benefits

[0062] (1) Improve power generation efficiency The present invention realizes effective management of ecological flow through optimization model, while protecting the ecosystem to the greatest extent, ensuring that the power generation of the hydropower station is not significantly reduced. This balanced design can enable the power station to find the best dynamic balance between ecological protection and power generation efficiency, improve power generation efficiency, and increase the economic benefits of the power station.

[0063] (2) Reduce operation and management costs The application of this system can reduce the difficulty of operation and management caused by improper ecological flow management, optimize the power station operation strategy, and reduce management costs. At the same time, through the introduction of intelligent management systems, human intervention can be reduced, management efficiency can be improved, and operating costs can be further reduced.

[0064] 3. Social Benefits

[0065] (1) As an important component of renewable energy, hydropower stations can significantly enhance their social responsibility and public image through innovation and investment in protecting the ecological environment. A green and environmentally friendly corporate image not only helps to enhance the market competitiveness of enterprises, but also attracts more investment and cooperation opportunities.

[0066] (2) Promote technological innovation and industry development The ecological evaluation system of the present invention provides an innovative technical solution for the construction and operation of hydropower stations. It can serve as a benchmark in the industry and promote the development of the entire water conservancy project and environmental protection technology. By promoting and applying this technology, it can promote technological progress and innovation in related fields and improve the overall technical level of the industry.

[0067] (2) The technical solution of the present invention fills the technical gap in the industry at home and abroad:

[0068] This invention solves many deficiencies in traditional methods by proposing a dynamic ecological flow optimization model and an intelligent ecological evaluation system, and achieves the best balance between ecological protection and power generation efficiency. This innovation not only fills an important technical gap in the industry at home and abroad, but also provides new standards and practical references for ecological flow management of hydropower stations around the world. It has broad application prospects and significant technical contributions, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects.

[0069] 1. Dynamic ecological traffic optimization model

[0070] (1) Limitations of traditional methods At present, the traditional ecological flow management method of hydropower stations is mainly based on the allocation of constant flow or fixed percentage of total flow. Although this method protects the ecological environment to a certain extent, it lacks a dynamic adjustment mechanism and cannot adapt to the needs of different seasons and fish growth stages, resulting in unsatisfactory ecological protection effects and may even cause new damage to the river ecosystem.

[0071] (2) Innovation of the present invention The present invention proposes a dynamic ecological flow optimization model, which dynamically adjusts the discharge value of ecological flow according to the needs of different seasons and different fish growth stages. This innovation effectively solves the shortcomings of the constant flow method, achieves more scientific and effective ecological protection, and takes into account the power generation needs of the hydropower station.

[0072] 2. Intelligent ecological assessment system

[0073] (1) Deficiencies of existing technologies Existing ecological assessment systems usually rely on manual monitoring and management, which is not only inefficient but also prone to human errors and unable to respond to changes in the ecological environment in a timely manner. This management method not only increases operating costs, but also makes it difficult to ensure accurate control of ecological flows.

[0074] (2) Breakthrough of the Invention The present invention introduces an intelligent management system that automatically adjusts ecological flow discharge through real-time monitoring and data analysis. This technological breakthrough greatly improves management efficiency and accuracy, ensures the scientific allocation of ecological flow, effectively protects the river ecosystem, and reduces manual intervention and operating costs.

[0075] 3. Balance ecological protection and power generation efficiency

[0076] (1) Contradictions of traditional solutions In the operation of traditional hydropower stations, there is often a contradiction between ecological protection and power generation efficiency. Over-emphasis on the release of ecological flow will significantly reduce power generation and affect economic benefits; while excessive pursuit of power generation efficiency will cause damage to the ecological environment.

[0077] (2) The solution of the present invention The present invention finds the optimal dynamic balance point between ecological protection and power generation efficiency by combining the optimization model and the intelligent system. This technological breakthrough not only ensures the effective management of ecological flow, but also maximizes the protection of the power generation of the hydropower station, achieving a win-win situation of ecological and economic benefits, and solving the technical problems that have long plagued the industry.

[0078] 4. Leading ecological traffic management standards

[0079] (1) Research limitations Although the protection of river ecosystems is increasingly valued, there is no unified standard for ecological flow management, especially in terms of how to dynamically adjust ecological flow to adapt to different ecological needs, there is a lack of mature technologies and methods.

[0080] (2) Contribution of the present invention The ecological evaluation system proposed in the present invention is in a leading position in China and fills a technical gap. Through a scientific dynamic flow optimization model and intelligent management system, the present invention provides new technical standards and practical examples for ecological flow management of hydropower stations around the world, and has important reference value and driving role in international ecological protection and sustainable development.

[0081] (3) Whether the technical solution of the present invention solves the technical problems that people have been eager to solve but have not been able to solve successfully:

[0082] The technical solution of the present invention successfully solves the long-standing problems of ecological flow and power generation efficiency balance, dynamic flow adjustment and low management efficiency in the industry by introducing a dynamic ecological flow optimization model and an intelligent management system. Through these innovative solutions, the present invention not only achieves a win-win situation of ecological protection and power generation benefits, but also provides a modern and scientific technical path for the ecological management of hydropower stations, fills the technical gaps at home and abroad, and achieves the goal that people have longed to solve, which is specifically reflected in the following aspects.

[0083] 1. Balance between ecological flow and power generation efficiency

[0084] (1) Historical Difficulties How to protect the river ecosystem while ensuring the power generation efficiency of the hydropower station has long been a difficult technical problem to solve. Traditional methods either focus too much on power generation and ignore ecological protection; or emphasize ecological flow while seriously affecting power generation and causing economic losses.

[0085] (2) Breakthrough of the Invention The present invention achieves a scientific balance between ecological flow and power generation efficiency by introducing a dynamic ecological flow optimization model. Through an intelligent management system, the water flow is dynamically adjusted to meet the needs of different seasons and fish growth stages, while ensuring that the power generation of the hydropower station is not significantly reduced. This innovation not only protects the ecological environment, but also improves power generation efficiency, solving this long-standing technical problem.

[0086] 2. Technical implementation of dynamic adjustment of ecological flow

[0087] (1) Limitations of traditional methods Traditional ecological flow management methods mostly use fixed flow or a fixed percentage of total flow, lack a dynamic adjustment mechanism, and cannot adapt to the changing needs of river ecosystems. This method is difficult to achieve optimal flow control under various ecological conditions, resulting in unsatisfactory ecological protection effects.

[0088] (2) Innovation of the present invention The technical solution of the present invention intelligently adjusts the ecological flow discharge value through real-time monitoring and data analysis, and flexibly changes the flow according to actual conditions. This dynamic adjustment technology ensures the scientific allocation of ecological flow and truly achieves the optimal balance between ecological protection and resource utilization. This breakthrough solves the long-standing problem of lack of flexibility and accuracy in ecological flow management.

[0089] 3. Application of intelligent management system

[0090] (1) Insufficient traditional management methods Traditional hydropower station ecological flow management relies on manual monitoring and regulation, which is not only inefficient but also prone to human errors and difficult to ensure accurate control of ecological flow. This management method has many problems in actual operation, increasing operating costs and management difficulties.

[0091] (2) The intelligent solution of the present invention The present invention introduces an intelligent management system, which realizes precise control and dynamic adjustment of ecological flow through automation and real-time data analysis. The intelligent system not only improves management efficiency and reduces the risk of human error, but also reduces operation and management costs. This intelligent technical solution solves the problems of low efficiency and poor accuracy of traditional management methods, and realizes the modernization and scientificization of ecological flow management.

[0092] (4) Whether the technical solution of the present invention overcomes technical prejudice:

[0093] The technical solution of the present invention overcomes many traditional technical prejudices through a dynamic ecological flow optimization model and an intelligent management system, including the effectiveness of constant flow, the inability to achieve both ecological protection and power generation benefits, the reliability of static management methods, and the inevitable increase in operating costs due to inefficient management. These groundbreaking technical solutions not only achieve a win-win situation for ecological protection and power generation benefits, but also provide a more scientific, efficient, and modern solution for the ecological management of hydropower stations, further promoting the development of environmental ecological protection technology for water conservancy projects.

[0094] 1. Effectiveness of constant ecological flow

[0095] (1) Traditional bias In traditional hydropower station ecological flow management methods, it is generally believed that a constant flow or a fixed percentage of the total flow can effectively protect the river ecosystem. This concept is based on simple hydrological data and believes that as long as a fixed flow is maintained, ecological needs can be met.

[0096] (2) The present invention overcomes this technical bias through a dynamic ecological flow optimization model. Studies have shown that different seasons and different fish growth stages have different flow requirements, and fixed flow rates are difficult to meet these changing requirements. The technical solution of the present invention dynamically adjusts the flow rate according to actual ecological needs to ensure more scientific and effective ecological protection.

[0097] 2. Ecological protection and power generation benefits cannot be achieved at the same time

[0098] (1) Traditional prejudice The traditional view is that there is an irreconcilable contradiction between ecological protection and power generation efficiency. Excessive attention to ecological flow will significantly reduce power generation and affect economic benefits; while increasing power generation will damage the ecological environment.

[0099] (2) The present invention overcomes this technical prejudice by achieving a dynamic balance between ecological flow and power generation through an intelligent management system and optimization model. Through intelligent monitoring and adjustment, sufficient ecological flow can be ensured while power generation efficiency can be maximized, proving that ecological protection and power generation benefits can be achieved at the same time.

[0100] 3. Reliability of static management method

[0101] (1) Traditional bias Many traditional management methods rely on static, artificial ecological flow control methods, believing that effective management can be achieved as long as regular monitoring and adjustments are made. This method is prone to human error and lags, and cannot respond to changes in the ecosystem in real time.

[0102] (2) The present invention overcomes the reliance on static management methods through intelligent management systems and real-time data analysis. Automated and intelligent management methods improve response speed and accuracy, ensure scientific allocation of ecological flow, and overcome the shortcomings of traditional static management methods.

[0103] 4. Inefficient management of ecological traffic will inevitably increase operating costs

[0104] (1) Traditional prejudice The traditional view is that the complexity of ecological flow management and the requirements of ecological protection will inevitably increase the operating costs of hydropower stations, especially the need to invest a lot of manpower and resources in monitoring and regulation.

[0105] (2) The present invention overcomes the problem that the present invention achieves efficient ecological flow management through intelligent management system and optimization model. The intelligent system not only reduces the dependence on manual monitoring and adjustment, and reduces the risk of human error, but also achieves more efficient management and reduces operating costs through precise flow control and optimization. Facts have proved that efficient management of ecological flow will not only not increase costs, but can also bring about economic benefits by optimizing power generation efficiency and reducing resource waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0106] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of an ecological evaluation system for a hydropower station construction process provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0107] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of an ecological assessment method for a hydropower station construction process provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0108] Figure 3 It is a principle structure diagram of an ecological evaluation system for a hydropower station construction process provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0109] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the calculation area provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0110] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the hydrodynamic simulation results provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0111] Figure 6 It is a curve diagram of the adaptability of selected fish to flow velocity, water depth, temperature and riverbed medium at different growth stages provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0112] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of fish habitat adaptability provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0113] Figure 8 This is a diagram of power generation variation provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0114] Fig. 9This is a graph of fish population changes provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0115] Fig.10 This is a water quality change diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0116] Fig.11 This is a graph of changes in operating management costs provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0117] Figure 1 In: 1. Division module module; 2. Calculation module module; 3. Power generation calculation module; 4. Simulation module; 5. Fitness value determination module; 6. Ecological flow determination module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0118] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0119] like Figure 1 As shown, an ecological evaluation system for a hydropower station construction process provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0120] Division module module 1, calculation module module 2, power generation calculation module 3, simulation module 4, fitness value determination module 5, ecological flow determination module 6;

[0121] The division module 1 is connected to the calculation module 2 and is used to divide the whole year into spawning period, seedling period, growth period and maturity period according to different growth periods of fish;

[0122] The calculation module 2 is connected to the power generation calculation module 3 and is used to calculate the target function;

[0123] The power generation calculation module 3 is connected to the simulation module 4 and is used for power generation calculation;

[0124] The simulation module 4 is connected to the fitness value determination module 5 and is used to simulate the flow velocity, water depth and temperature in the river using a hydrodynamic model;

[0125] The fitness value determination module 5 is connected to the ecological flow determination module 6 and is used to determine the fitness values ​​of different fish species at different growth stages;

[0126] The ecological flow determination module 6 is connected to the fitness value determination module 5 and is used to calculate the maximum value of the objective function according to the formula, and then determine the ecological flow of the river in different seasons under the maximum value of the objective function.

[0127] The working principle of the ecological evaluation system for the hydropower station construction process provided by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0128] First, the division module 1 divides the whole year into spawning period, seedling period, growth period and maturity period according to the different growth periods of fish. This step is based on the principle of fish ecology. Fish at different growth stages have different needs and adaptability to the river environment. Therefore, it is necessary to divide the whole year into different stages to more accurately evaluate the impact of hydropower station construction on fish habitats.

[0129] Next, the calculation module 2 calculates the objective function based on the data provided by the power generation calculation module 3 and the simulation module 4. The objective function is the core of the present invention, which comprehensively considers the power generation of the hydropower station and the fish habitat conditions. Among them, the weight of the power generation represents the economic benefits of the hydropower station, and the weight of the fish habitat conditions represents the impact of the construction of the hydropower station on the ecological environment. The calculation module 2 weighs these two factors to obtain a comprehensive evaluation result that can simultaneously consider the economic benefits and the impact on the ecological environment.

[0130] The work of the power generation calculation module 3 is to calculate the power generation of the hydropower station. This usually needs to be calculated based on factors such as the design parameters of the hydropower station, operating conditions, and hydrological characteristics of the river. The calculation of power generation is crucial to evaluating the economic benefits of the hydropower station and is also an indispensable part of calculating the objective function.

[0131] Simulation module 4 uses a hydrodynamic model to simulate parameters such as flow velocity, water depth, and temperature in the river. These parameters are key factors affecting the status of fish habitats. By simulating the changes in these parameters, the impact of hydropower station construction on fish habitats can be more accurately assessed.

[0132] The fitness value determination module 5 determines the fitness values ​​of different fishes according to their different growth stages. The fitness value is an indicator used to measure the survival and reproduction ability of fishes under different environmental conditions. By comparing the fitness values ​​of fishes at different growth stages, the impact of hydropower station construction on fish populations can be further evaluated.

[0133] Finally, the ecological flow determination module 6 calculates the maximum value of the objective function according to the formula, and determines the ecological flow of the river in different seasons under the maximum value of the objective function. The ecological flow is the minimum flow required to maintain the health of the river ecosystem, and its determination is crucial to ensure the survival of aquatic organisms such as fish. By optimizing the allocation of ecological flow, the impact on fish habitats can be minimized while ensuring the economic benefits of the hydropower station.

[0134] The hydropower station construction process ecological evaluation system provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprehensively considers the economic benefits and ecological environmental impact of the hydropower station and utilizes the collaborative work between multiple modules to achieve a comprehensive evaluation and optimization of the ecological effects during the hydropower station construction process. This not only helps to improve the sustainability of hydropower station construction, but also provides effective technical support for protecting river ecosystems.

[0135] The calculation objective function provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises, in part, a weight of power generation, and in another part, a weight of fish habitat conditions.

[0136] The objective function provided in the embodiment of the present invention is defined as: F=max(α.E+β.OSI), where E is the hydropower generation, OSI is the overall fitness value of the fish habitat, α and β are constants, and F is the objective function.

[0137] The power generation calculation method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is:

[0138] E = 9.81 ηQH;

[0139] The overall fitness value of fish habitat is calculated as:

[0140]

[0141] Where Q is the flow rate, H is the power generation head (meters); η is the hydropower efficiency, SIv, Sid, SIt, and SIs represent the flow rate, water depth, temperature, and adaptability of the riverbed medium, respectively.

[0142] The fitness value interval provided by the embodiment of the present invention is 0-1.

[0143] The embodiment of the present invention provides that 0 represents unsuitable, and 1 represents very suitable.

[0144] like Figure 2 As shown, an ecological evaluation method for a hydropower station construction process provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0145] S101, according to the different growth stages of fish, the whole year is divided into spawning period, seedling period, growth period and maturity period;

[0146] S102, calculating the objective function, one part of which is composed of the weight of the power generation, and the other part of which is composed of the weight of the fish habitat condition;

[0147] The function is defined as: F = max(α.E + β.OSI), where E is the hydropower generation, OSI is the overall fitness value of the fish habitat, α and β are constants, and F is the objective function;

[0148] S103, power generation calculation;

[0149] The power generation calculation method is:

[0150] E = 9.81 ηQH;

[0151] The overall fitness value of fish habitat is calculated as:

[0152]

[0153] Where Q is the flow rate, H is the power generation head (meters); η is the hydropower efficiency, SIv, Sid, SIt, and SIs represent the flow velocity, water depth, temperature, and adaptability of the riverbed medium, respectively;

[0154] S104, the flow velocity, water depth and temperature in the river are simulated using a hydrodynamic model, and this submodel is also included in the entire model;

[0155] S105, determining fitness values ​​of different fish species at different growth stages, wherein the fitness value range is 0-1, wherein 0 indicates unsuitable and 1 indicates very suitable;

[0156] S106, calculating the maximum value of the objective function according to the above formula, and then determining the ecological flow of the river in different seasons under the maximum value of the objective function.

[0157] A computer device is provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The computer device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the method for ecological assessment of the hydropower station construction process.

[0158] A computer-readable storage medium provided by an embodiment of the present invention stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the steps of the method for ecological assessment of the hydropower station construction process.

[0159] An embodiment of the present invention provides an information data processing terminal, which is used to implement the ecological evaluation system of the hydropower station construction process.

[0160] The present invention is specifically implemented:

[0161] like Figure 3 The principle diagram of the present invention is based on hydrodynamics, ecological habitat model and model optimization technology. Hydrodynamics is used to simulate the river flow rate, water depth and temperature, and then the habitat ecological model is used to determine the fitness of fish under different ecological flows. Finally, the objective function optimization model is used to determine the relationship between the ecological flow discharge and the power generation of the power station. For example, a section of river such as Figure 4 , then its flow velocity, water depth, and temperature simulation results are as follows Figure 5 .

[0162] According to the fish habitat fitness curve ( Figure 6 ) Calculate the monthly ecological fitness of fish in different growth stages in the river ( Figure 7 ).

[0163] Calculate the power generation of the hydropower station under all ecological flows until the maximum value of the objective function is reached, and then stop the calculation and determine the ecological flow and power generation of the hydropower station under this condition.

[0164] Table 1 shows the optimization results and compares them with the power generation and ecological fitness of the common scheme.

[0165]

[0166] Repeat the calculation steps for different time periods to determine the optimal dynamic balance between ecological flow and power generation in different time periods;

[0167] The application of the present invention is not limited to a certain river or a certain type of fish, but can be applied to various rivers and various types of fish.

[0168] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. The hardware part can be implemented using dedicated logic; the software part can be stored in a memory and executed by an appropriate instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or dedicated design hardware. It can be understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art that the above-mentioned devices and methods can be implemented using computer executable instructions and / or contained in a processor control code, such as a carrier medium such as a disk, CD or DVD-ROM, a programmable memory such as a read-only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier. Such code is provided on the carrier medium. The device and its modules of the present invention can be implemented by hardware circuits such as very large-scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, etc., or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, etc., can also be implemented by software executed by various types of processors, and can also be implemented by a combination of the above-mentioned hardware circuits and software, such as firmware.

[0169] The technical solution of the present invention has shown significant creativity and technical value in both medium-sized hydropower stations and small-scale diversion hydropower stations. Through intelligent and dynamic ecological flow management, it not only effectively protects the river ecosystem, but also optimizes the power generation efficiency and operation management of the hydropower station, achieving a win-win situation in ecological and economic benefits.

[0170] Application Example 1: Ecological Flow Optimization System for Medium-sized Hydropower Stations

[0171] BackgroundA medium-sized hydropower station is located on an ecologically sensitive river, which is the habitat of many rare fish. The traditional constant ecological flow management method has failed to effectively protect the local ecological environment, resulting in a decrease in the number of fish and degradation of the ecosystem.

[0172] 1. System Installation:

[0173] Installing intelligent ecological flow monitoring and management systems at hydropower stations, including flow sensors, water quality monitoring equipment and data processing centers.

[0174] The system accesses ecological data on the river, including seasonal changes, fish breeding cycles and water quality parameters.

[0175] 2. Data collection and analysis:

[0176] Collect river water quantity, water quality and ecological parameter data in real time.

[0177] ·Use big data analysis technology to combine historical data and current environmental conditions to establish a dynamic ecological flow optimization model.

[0178] 3. Dynamic traffic control:

[0179] The system automatically adjusts the ecological flow discharge value according to different seasons and fish growth stages.

[0180] For example, during the fish breeding season, the system increases the ecological flow to ensure sufficient water flow to promote the hatching of fish eggs and the growth of young fish; in other seasons, the system maintains the basic ecological flow to ensure ecological balance while optimizing power generation efficiency.

[0181] 4. Monitoring and feedback:

[0182] The system monitors the implementation effect of ecological flow in real time and continuously adjusts and optimizes the model through data feedback.

[0183] By comparing the fish population and ecological environment changes before and after implementation, the effectiveness of the system and the direction of improvement can be evaluated.

[0184] Effect: After implementing the technical solution of the present invention, the ecological environment of the river has been significantly improved, the number of fish has increased significantly, and the water quality indicators have reached the ecological protection standards.

[0185] While meeting the ecological flow requirements, the hydropower station's power generation has not been significantly reduced, and its economic benefits have been guaranteed.

[0186] Application Example 2: Intelligent Management System for Small-Scale Water Diversion Hydropower Station

[0187] Background A small water diversion hydropower station is located in a mountainous area. The traditional manual management method is inefficient and difficult to adjust the ecological flow in real time, resulting in instability of the downstream river ecosystem. Residents have strong opposition to the hydropower station.

[0188] 1. Intelligent system deployment:

[0189] Install flow control devices and intelligent monitoring equipment at the water inlets and outlets of diversion hydropower stations.

[0190] Deploy data collection terminals to monitor river flow and ecological parameters in real time and connect to remote data processing centers.

[0191] 2. Establishment of ecological flow model:

[0192] · Combined with local ecological environment characteristics and multi-year hydrological data, an ecological flow optimization model suitable for small-scale diversion hydropower stations is established.

[0193] Dynamically adjust the model to take into account the impact of seasonal changes and sudden environmental events on ecological flows.

[0194] 3. Implementation of intelligent control:

[0195] The system automatically adjusts the water diversion flow according to the optimization model to ensure the stability of the ecological flow in the downstream river section.

[0196] During the rainy season or dry season, the system automatically adjusts the flow distribution to ensure ecological needs and maximize the use of water resources for power generation.

[0197] 4. Continuous optimization and community feedback:

[0198] ·Continuously monitor the ecological flow effect and optimize the control model through data feedback.

[0199] Collaborate with local communities and environmental organizations to publish regular reports on the effectiveness of ecological flow management to increase transparency and community support.

[0200] Effect: After the implementation of the intelligent management system, the river ecosystem has stabilized, aquatic plants and animals have recovered well, and local residents' support for the hydropower station has increased significantly. The management efficiency of small-scale diversion hydropower stations has been greatly improved, reducing manual intervention and operating costs, and ensuring sustainable operation.

[0201] In order to demonstrate the positive effects achieved by the embodiments of the present invention during the development and use process, as well as the significant advantages over the prior art, the following content is described in detail with reference to the data and charts of the test process.

[0202] Test process

[0203] Test location and subjects

[0204] Location: A medium-sized hydropower station and a small diversion hydropower station.

[0205] Object: River ecosystems and power generation equipment of two hydropower stations.

[0206] Test steps

[0207] 1. Baseline data collection:

[0208] Before implementing the present invention, baseline data collection is performed on river water quality, fish population, power generation, etc. Using the traditional constant flow management method, various data over a period of time are recorded as a comparison benchmark.

[0209] 2. System installation and optimization:

[0210] The intelligent ecological flow monitoring and management system of the present invention is installed in the hydropower station, and a dynamic ecological flow optimization model is set up for preliminary debugging and operation.

[0211] 3. Experimental data collection:

[0212] During the experiment, data on ecological flow, fish population, water quality, power generation, etc. were continuously monitored. Data before and after the experiment, in different seasons, and at different fish growth stages were collected for comparative analysis.

[0213] 4. Data and charts

[0214] Data Table

[0215]

[0216] 1. Changes in power generation Figure 8 ;

[0217] describe: Figure 8 The figure shows the changes in power generation after the traditional management and the implementation of the present invention. Although the power generation is slightly reduced, the range is controlled within 3%, and the economic benefits remain basically stable.

[0218] 2. Changes in fish populations Fig. 9 ;

[0219] describe: Fig. 9 The survey showed a significant increase in fish numbers, especially during the breeding season, when fish numbers increased by 40% compared to baseline data.

[0220] 3. Changes in water quality Fig.10 ;

[0221] describe: Fig.10 The dissolved oxygen (DO) level shows an increase, reflecting the improvement of river water quality and significant improvement of the ecological environment.

[0222] 4. Changes in operating and management costs Fig.11 ;

[0223] describe: Fig.11 The data shows that operating and management costs have been significantly reduced. The intelligent system has reduced manual intervention, improved management efficiency, and reduced operating costs by 30%.

[0224] Results and Advantages Analysis

[0225] 1. Significant improvement in ecological benefits

[0226] Increase in the number of fish: Test data show that after adopting the dynamic optimization management of the present invention, the number of fish increases significantly compared with the traditional constant flow management method, especially in the breeding season.

[0227] Improved water quality: The dissolved oxygen (DO) level increased by 20%, reflecting a significant improvement in river water quality and effective protection of the overall ecological environment.

[0228] 2. Power generation efficiency is basically maintained

[0229] Although the ecological flow increased, the power generation only decreased slightly by 3%, proving that the present invention can effectively control the power generation loss while protecting the ecology, and the economic benefits remain basically stable.

[0230] 3. Significant reduction in operating costs

[0231] The intelligent management system reduces manual intervention, improves management efficiency, and reduces operating costs by 30%, demonstrating the significant advantages of the present invention in reducing management costs.

[0232] Through the above test data and charts, the technical solution of the present invention shows significant advantages in ecological protection, power generation efficiency and operating cost control, overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional constant flow management method, and proves its creativity and technical value in practical application. These results show the wide application prospects and important significance of the present invention in the ecological flow management of hydropower stations.

[0233] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological evaluation system for the construction process of a hydropower station, characterized in that: include: The division module module is connected with the calculation module module and is used to divide the whole year into spawning period, seedling period, growth period and maturity period according to different growth periods of fish; A calculation module module, connected to the power generation calculation module, is used to calculate the objective function; A power generation calculation module is connected to the simulation module and is used for power generation calculation; A simulation module, connected to the fitness value determination module, is used to simulate the flow velocity, water depth, and temperature in the river using a hydrodynamic model; The fitness value determination module is connected to the ecological flow determination module and is used to determine the fitness values ​​of different fish species according to their different growth periods; The ecological flow determination module is connected with the fitness value determination module and is used to calculate the maximum value of the objective function according to the formula, and then determine the ecological flow of the river in different seasons under the maximum value of the objective function.

2. The ecological evaluation system for the hydropower station construction process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation objective function is composed of a weight for power generation in one part and a weight for fish habitat conditions in another part.

3. The ecological evaluation system for the hydropower station construction process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The objective function is defined as: F=max(α.E+β.OSI), where E is the hydropower generation, OSI is the overall fitness value of the fish habitat, α and β are constants, and F is the objective function.

4. The ecological evaluation system for the hydropower station construction process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation calculation method is: E = 9.81 ηQH; The overall fitness value of fish habitat is calculated as: Where Q is the flow rate, H is the power generation head (meters); η is the hydropower efficiency, SIv, Sid, SIt, and SIs represent the flow rate, water depth, temperature, and adaptability of the riverbed medium, respectively.

5. The ecological evaluation system for the hydropower station construction process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fitness value interval is 0-1.

6. The ecological evaluation system for the hydropower station construction process as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The value 0 indicates unsuitable, and the value 1 indicates very suitable.

7. A method for ecological evaluation of a hydropower station construction process implementing the ecological evaluation system for a hydropower station construction process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The ecological assessment method for the hydropower station construction process includes: Step 1: According to the different growth stages of fish, the whole year is divided into spawning period, seedling period, growth period and maturity period; Step 2: Calculate the objective function, one part of which is composed of the weight of power generation and the other part is composed of the weight of fish habitat conditions; Step 3: Calculate power generation; Step 4: The flow velocity, water depth and temperature in the river are simulated using a hydrodynamic model, which is also included in the entire model. Step 5: determine the fitness values ​​of different fishes at different growth stages, with the fitness value range being 0-1, where 0 means unsuitable and 1 means very suitable; Step six, calculate the maximum value of the objective function according to the above formula, and then determine the ecological flow of the river in different seasons under the maximum value of the objective function.

8. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the method for ecological assessment of the hydropower station construction process as claimed in claim 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the steps of the method for ecological assessment of the hydropower station construction process as claimed in claim 7.

10. An information data processing terminal, characterized in that: The information data processing terminal is used to implement the ecological evaluation system for the hydropower station construction process as described in any one of claims 1-6.

Images