A precise simulation method for mountain landscape effects at a specific viewing angle

Abstract

The present invention discloses a precise simulation method for mountain landscape effects at a specific viewing angle, the method comprising: establishing a simulated observation viewing angle part, used for drawing simulated observation viewpoints and simulated observation sights; establishing a simulated observation environment model part, used for integrating digital elevation models, remote sensing images and building data in a large range, and using digital elevation models to perform three-dimensional display of remote sensing images, and converting building data into three-dimensional graphics based on spatial attributes; simulating observation and generating a mountain landscape effect map part, used for establishing a mountain simulation observation scene at a specific viewing angle, adjusting view parameters and generating a mountain landscape effect map. The present invention uses observation viewpoints and observation sights to accurately set the observation viewing angle, establishes a three-dimensional environment model containing real landscapes and built environments based on geographic information technology, and then conducts spatial simulation and generates a mountain landscape effect map at a specific viewing angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of spatial information technology, and in particular to a precise simulation method for mountain landscape effects at a specific viewing angle. Background Art

[0002] In the design of real and virtual environments involving natural environments, precise simulation technology is needed to simulate mountain landscape effects, on which basis subsequent evaluation and adjustment can be carried out to achieve good landscape effects.

[0003] At present, mountain landscape simulation mainly relies on 3D modeling software, such as 3dmax, sketchup, etc. This type of software focuses on urban and architectural modeling and can simulate 3D scenes from a free perspective.

[0004] However, there are several shortcomings in the simulation of mountain landscape effects:

[0005] 1) The workload of mountain 3D modeling is large and time-consuming; 2) The amount of data required for mountain 3D modeling is large, and the hardware configuration requirements are high; 3) The observation angle cannot be set accurately, and it is impossible to accurately simulate the mountain landscape effect; 4) The simulation angle obtained by the user deviates from the actual one, resulting in distorted simulation effects; 5) It is difficult for users to integrate the real landscape with the 3D model, and the perception and experience of the resulting mountain landscape are poor. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a precise simulation method for mountain landscape effects at a specific perspective. The observation perspective is accurately set by using the observation viewpoint and the observation line of sight. A three-dimensional environment model including real landscape and built environment is established based on geographic information technology. Then, spatial simulation is carried out and a mountain landscape effect map at a specific perspective is generated. The details are described below:

[0007] A precise simulation method for mountain landscape effect at a specific viewing angle, the method comprising:

[0008] Establishing the simulated observation viewing angle part, which is used to draw the simulated observation viewpoint and the simulated observation sight line;

[0009] Establish the environmental model part of the simulation observation to integrate the digital elevation model, remote sensing image and building data in a large area, use the digital elevation model to display the remote sensing image in three dimensions, and convert the building data into three-dimensional graphics based on spatial attributes;

[0010] The part of simulating observation and generating mountain landscape renderings is used to establish a mountain simulation observation scene at a specific viewing angle, adjust view parameters and generate mountain landscape renderings.

[0011] The drawing of simulated observation viewpoints and simulated observation sight lines is as follows:

[0012] Create a new ArcMap document on a computer connected to the Internet, select a projection coordinate system with a central meridian close to the preset observation point, and load the Tiandi Map image base map and image annotation API as the spatial reference for drawing;

[0013] Draw simulated observation viewpoints according to the latitude and longitude coordinates of the preset observation points or the relative positions of the spatial references;

[0014] According to the preset observation object or observation direction, a simulated observation line of sight is drawn based on the spatial reference. The simulated observation line of sight has the simulated observation viewpoint as an endpoint and the preset observation object as an end point or points to the preset observation direction.

[0015] The method of converting the building data into three-dimensional graphics based on the spatial attributes is as follows:

[0016] Use spatial analysis tools to calculate the centroid of each building element polygon in the building layer and generate point elements that correspond to the building elements one by one; extract the elevation value of the point element location based on the digital elevation model as the elevation value of the corresponding building element to generate the elevation field value;

[0017] Based on the elevation field value, each feature of the building layer is moved to the corresponding elevation; based on the height field value of the building data, each feature of the building layer is vertically stretched to the corresponding height to convert the building data into a three-dimensional graphic.

[0018] The mountain simulation observation scene with a specific viewing angle is established as follows:

[0019] Load the simulated observation sightline in ArcGIS, use shape interpolation, input the digital elevation model as the surface, and convert the simulated observation sightline into a three-dimensional graphic:

[0020] The three-dimensional simulated observation line of sight is loaded into the three-dimensional environment model, and the animation tool is used to create a flight animation based on the path to establish a mountain simulation observation scene.

[0021] The adjusting of the view parameters and generating the mountain landscape rendering comprises: calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the simulated observation viewpoint; inputting the view parameters and generating the mountain landscape rendering.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the present invention are:

[0023] 1. The present invention takes advantage of the rapid three-dimensional visualization of the digital elevation model and can instantly present the simulation effect of mountain landscapes from a specific perspective, which is fast and simple;

[0024] 2. The present invention can accurately set the observation angle, thereby simulating the mountain landscape effect under a specific angle of view, generating high-resolution landscape effect pictures, and improving the user's perception and experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a method for accurately simulating mountain landscape effects at a specific viewing angle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. For the sake of simplicity, the embodiment of the present invention has only one observation angle of one observation point, but the present invention is applicable to the case of multiple observation points and multiple observation angles. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can be implemented without the need for some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only intended to provide a better understanding of the present application by illustrating examples of the present invention.

[0027] For a long time, commonly used 3D modeling software has been unable to accurately set the observation perspective and unable to carry out precise simulation of mountain landscape effects at a specific perspective. The simulation effects obtained are distorted, and the user perception and experience are poor. Existing technologies are difficult to effectively support the evaluation, analysis and adjustment of mountain landscape effects, which restricts the creation of good mountain landscape effects in real and virtual environment design.

[0028] Based on the above research background, the embodiment of the present invention uses observation points and observation lines to accurately set the observation perspective, establishes a three-dimensional environmental model including real scenery and built environment based on geographic information technology, and then carries out spatial simulation and generates a mountain landscape rendering with a specific perspective.

[0029] In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the following terms are explained in the embodiments of the present invention:

[0030] Tiandi Map, a geographic information service, includes multiple layers such as satellite images and place name annotations.

[0031] Satellite images are recent images of the earth's surface taken by satellite-mounted equipment. Currently, most open source satellite images have been rectified and corrected and contain accurate geographic coordinate information. The embodiments of the present invention mainly use Tiandi Map satellite images.

[0032] Place name annotation is a set of text and symbols used to mark place names. The embodiment of the present invention mainly uses the Tiandi Map place name annotation.

[0033] Building data is a planar data set containing the plane shape and height information of all buildings within a certain range. The building data in the embodiment of the present invention is generated based on the resident map layer and the annotation layer of the urban and rural survey map.

[0034] Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is a physical ground model that represents ground elevation in the form of an ordered array of numerical values. It is a branch of Digital Terrain Model (DTM), and other terrain characteristic values ​​can be derived from it.

[0035] Mosaic is a raster data processing method that merges one or more raster datasets into an existing raster dataset, or merges them into a new raster dataset.

[0036] Interpolate Shape, a method for creating three-dimensional features, converts planar features into three-dimensional features by extracting and interpolating Z values ​​from a raster surface.

[0037] Calculate Geometry Attributes is used to calculate various geometric attributes of spatial features in a specific coordinate system, including length, area, and x, y, and z coordinates.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for accurately simulating a mountain landscape effect at a specific viewing angle, the method comprising the following steps:

[0040] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for accurately simulating a mountain landscape effect at a specific viewing angle provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the precise simulation method of the mountain landscape effect at a specific viewing angle provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes three parts: establishing a simulated observation viewing angle, establishing an environment model for simulated observation, and simulating observation and generating a mountain landscape effect map.

[0041] 1. Establishing the simulation observation angle

[0042] The portion for establishing a simulated observation perspective is used to draw a simulated observation viewpoint and line of sight, thereby establishing a simulated observation perspective.

[0043] This part includes the following steps S1-S2:

[0044] S1: Draw the simulated observation viewpoint;

[0045] S2: Draw a simulated observation line of sight.

[0046] 2. Establishing the environmental model for simulation observation

[0047] The part of establishing the environmental model for simulated observation is used to integrate digital elevation models, remote sensing images and building data in a large area, and perform three-dimensional display and three-dimensional conversion based on spatial information, so as to quickly establish a three-dimensional environmental model for simulated observation.

[0048] Among them, this part includes the following steps S3-S4:

[0049] S3: Integration of digital elevation models, remote sensing images and building data;

[0050] S4: 3D display of remote sensing images using digital elevation models;

[0051] S5: Convert building data into 3D graphics based on spatial attributes.

[0052] 3. Simulate observation and generate mountain landscape renderings

[0053] The part of simulating observation and generating mountain landscape renderings is used to construct a mountain simulation observation scene under a specific viewing angle, simulate the mountain landscape effect and generate renderings.

[0054] Among them, this part includes the following steps S5-S6:

[0055] S6: Establish a mountain simulation observation scene with a specific viewing angle;

[0056] S7: Adjust the view parameters and generate a mountain landscape rendering.

[0057] The specific implementation of steps S1 to S7 is introduced below.

[0058] In a possible implementation, step S1 includes:

[0059] Create a new ArcMap document on a computer connected to the Internet, select a projection coordinate system with the central meridian close to the preset observation point, load the Tiandi Map image basemap and the image annotation API (application programming interface) as the spatial reference for drawing; create a new point layer, name it "Simulated Observation Viewpoint", select the aforementioned projection coordinate system, and draw the simulated observation viewpoint according to the latitude and longitude coordinates of the preset observation point or its relative position to the aforementioned spatial reference.

[0060] In a possible implementation, step S2 includes:

[0061] Create a new polyline layer and name it "Simulated Observation Line of Sight", select the aforementioned projection coordinate system, and draw the simulated observation line of sight based on the aforementioned spatial reference according to the preset observation object or observation direction. The simulated observation line of sight has the simulated observation viewpoint as its endpoint and the preset observation object as its end point or points to the preset observation direction.

[0062] In a possible implementation, step S3 includes:

[0063] Within a square area of ​​200 km × 200 km centered on the observation point, high-resolution digital elevation models and remote sensing images with geographic coordinate information were obtained and spliced ​​separately using raster mosaic tools; building data with geographic coordinate information were obtained and converted into polygon shapefile format; thus, three layers of digital elevation model, remote sensing image and building data were formed, which were uniformly converted into the aforementioned projection coordinate system and spatially integrated in ArcGIS.

[0064] The simulation observation range of the embodiment of the present invention is set to 200km×200km, which is based on comprehensive considerations of simulation effect and computer operating performance. If the computer hardware performance is good, the simulation observation range can be expanded.

[0065] The attribute table of the building data contains a "height" field, which records the height information of each building.

[0066] In a possible implementation, step S4 includes:

[0067] By using the fast 3D visualization function of ArcGIS, the digital elevation model is used as the basic surface of the remote sensing image for 3D stretching. The grid resolution is set to be consistent with the digital elevation model, so that the remote sensing image floats on the surface, thereby realizing the refined 3D display of the remote sensing image.

[0068] In order to achieve better simulation effects, the remote sensing images can be resampled and rendered using cubic convolution interpolation.

[0069] In a possible implementation, step S5 includes:

[0070] S51: Get the elevation value of each element in the building layer;

[0071] Use spatial analysis tools to calculate the centroid of each building element polygon in the building layer and generate point elements that correspond one to one with the building elements; extract the elevation value of the point element location based on the digital elevation model as the elevation value of the corresponding building element to generate an elevation field.

[0072] S52: Convert the building data into a three-dimensional graphic based on the bottom elevation information and the height information.

[0073] Based on the elevation field value, each feature of the building layer is moved to the corresponding elevation; based on the height field value, each feature of the building layer is vertically stretched to the corresponding height, thereby converting the building data into a three-dimensional graphic.

[0074] The above steps quickly establish a three-dimensional environmental model including real landscape and built environment through data acquisition and integration, three-dimensional display of remote sensing images and three-dimensional conversion of building data.

[0075] In a possible implementation, step S6 includes:

[0076] S61: converting the simulated observation sight line into a three-dimensional graphic;

[0077] The simulated observation sightline was loaded in ArcGIS, and the shape interpolation method was used to input the digital elevation model as the surface to convert the simulated observation sightline into a three-dimensional graphic, which was named “3D simulated observation sightline”.

[0078] S62: Establish a mountain simulation observation scene.

[0079] Load the three-dimensional simulated observation line of sight into the aforementioned three-dimensional environment model, use the animation tool to create a flight animation based on the path, specifically select the three-dimensional simulated observation line of sight as the path source, adopt the flight mode for the path target, set the vertical offset to 2, the azimuth angle changes with the path, the inclination angle is set to 2, and the roll angle is set to 0, so as to establish a mountain simulation observation scene.

[0080] In a possible implementation, step S7 includes:

[0081] S71: Calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of the simulated observation viewpoint;

[0082] The simulated observation viewpoint layer is loaded into the aforementioned three-dimensional environment model, the elevation value of the simulated observation viewpoint is extracted based on the digital elevation model, and the horizontal and vertical coordinate values ​​of the simulated observation viewpoint in the coordinate system are calculated using the calculation geometry property function.

[0083] S72: Input view parameters and generate a mountain landscape rendering.

[0084] In the view setting of the simulated observation scene, enter the horizontal coordinate value, vertical coordinate value and elevation value of the simulated observation viewpoint as the observer's X, Y, and Z coordinates, set the elevation angle to 0°, and set the field of view angle to 60° to achieve accurate simulation of the mountain landscape effect at a specific perspective, and then generate a mountain landscape rendering.

[0085] To summarize, the embodiments of the present invention accurately simulate the mountain landscape effect at a specific perspective by establishing three parts: simulating the observation perspective, establishing the environmental model for simulated observation, and simulating observation and generating the mountain landscape rendering. It is accurate, fast, and simple, and can support the accurate simulation of mountain landscape effects in real and virtual scenes, thereby improving the user's perception and experience.

[0086] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the accompanying drawing is only a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment, and the serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0087] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for accurately simulating mountain landscape effects at a specific viewing angle, characterized in that: The method comprises: Establishing the simulated observation viewing angle part, which is used to draw the simulated observation viewpoint and the simulated observation sight line; Establish the environmental model part of the simulation observation to integrate the digital elevation model, remote sensing image and building data in a large area, use the digital elevation model to display the remote sensing image in three dimensions, and convert the building data into three-dimensional graphics based on spatial attributes; The part of simulating observation and generating mountain landscape renderings is used to establish a mountain simulation observation scene at a specific viewing angle, adjust the view parameters and generate mountain landscape renderings; The drawing of simulated observation viewpoints and simulated observation sight lines is as follows: Create a new ArcMap document on a computer connected to the Internet, select a projection coordinate system with a central meridian close to the preset observation point, and load the Tiandi Map image base map and image annotation API as the spatial reference for drawing; Draw simulated observation viewpoints according to the latitude and longitude coordinates of the preset observation points or the relative positions of the spatial references; According to the preset observation object or observation direction, a simulated observation line of sight is drawn based on the spatial reference. The simulated observation line of sight has the simulated observation viewpoint as an endpoint and the preset observation object as an end point or points to the preset observation direction.

2. The accurate simulation method of a mountain landscape effect at a specific viewing angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of converting building data into three-dimensional graphics based on spatial attributes is as follows: Use spatial analysis tools to calculate the centroid of each building element polygon in the building layer and generate point elements that correspond one to one with the building elements; Extract the elevation value of the point feature location based on the digital elevation model, use it as the elevation value of the corresponding building feature, and generate the elevation field value; Based on the elevation field value, move each feature of the building layer to the corresponding elevation; Based on the height field value of the building data, each feature of the building layer is vertically stretched to the corresponding height to convert the building data into a three-dimensional graphic.

3. The accurate simulation method of a mountain landscape effect at a specific viewing angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mountain simulation observation scene with a specific viewing angle is established as follows: Load the simulated observation sightline in ArcGIS, use shape interpolation, input the digital elevation model as the surface, and convert the simulated observation sightline into a three-dimensional graphic: The three-dimensional simulated observation line of sight is loaded into the three-dimensional environment model, and the animation tool is used to create a flight animation based on the path to establish a mountain simulation observation scene.

4. The method for accurately simulating mountain landscape effects at a specific viewing angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting of the view parameters and generating the mountain landscape rendering comprises: calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the simulated observation viewpoint; inputting the view parameters and generating the mountain landscape rendering.

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