Risk assessment method and device for heavy metals in soil

Abstract

The invention provides a risk assessment method and device for heavy metals in soil, belongs to the technical field of soil risk assessment, can calculate the leaching amount of the heavy metals in the soil, and performs risk assessment on the soil according to the leaching amount of the heavy metals in the soil. According to the method, the accuracy of calculating the leaching amount of the heavy metal in the soil is relatively high, and accurate evaluation of the soil risk can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil risk assessment, and in particular to a method and device for risk assessment of heavy metals in soil. Background Art

[0002] Heavy metals are harmful elements in agricultural soil. When the content of heavy metals in farmland soil is too high, it will not only reduce crop yield and quality, but also threaten the health of animals and humans through the food chain, and further affect the safety of the ecosystem.

[0003] Risk assessment of heavy metals in soil is of great significance. At present, the method of risk assessment of heavy metals in soil is to conduct assessment based on the concentration of heavy metals in soil, but the accuracy of the risk assessment results using this method is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention proposes a risk assessment method and device for heavy metals in soil, which can make the calculated leaching amount of heavy metals in soil more accurate and realize accurate assessment of soil risks.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for risk assessment of heavy metals in soil, comprising:

[0007] Determine the amount of water infiltrating the soil based on the infiltration model;

[0008] The penetration model satisfies: W lea =P+I·(1-η)-E; where W lea is the amount of water infiltrated into the soil, P is the amount of precipitation, I is the amount of irrigation water in the soil, η is the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water, which indicates the amount of water in the irrigation water used by plants planted in the soil, and E is the amount of water evaporation;

[0009] Determine the concentration of heavy metals in soil pore water;

[0010] The leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil is calculated based on the amount of soil infiltration water and the concentration of heavy metals in the soil solution; the leaching amount is used to conduct risk assessment of heavy metals in the soil.

[0011] In the risk assessment method for heavy metals in soil provided by the present invention, the infiltration water volume is calculated according to the infiltration model, and the factors affecting the soil infiltration water volume, such as the amount of water used by plants and the amount of evaporated water, are fully considered, thereby improving the accuracy of the soil infiltration water volume, and then the leaching amount of heavy metals determined according to the soil infiltration water volume and the concentration of heavy metals in the soil pore water is also more accurate. In this way, the risk assessment of heavy metals in soil can be carried out based on the leaching amount, which can improve the accuracy of the risk assessment of heavy metals in soil.

[0012] In an implementation of the first aspect, the irrigation water effective utilization coefficient is the ratio of the amount of water utilized by plants in the soil to the amount of irrigation water; the amount of water utilized by plants in the soil includes the amount of water transpired by plants and the amount of water absorbed by plants.

[0013] In an implementation of the first aspect, the concentration of heavy metals in soil pore water satisfies:

[0014]

[0015] [Me] W is the concentration of heavy metals in soil pore water, [Me] S is the concentration of heavy metals in soil particles, K D is the distribution ratio of heavy metals in soil, K of different types of heavy metals D different.

[0016] In an implementation of the first aspect, the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil is:

[0017] Q lea =10·W lea ·[Me] w α

[0018] In the formula, Q lea is the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil, W lea is the amount of water infiltrated into the soil, [Me] W is the concentration of heavy metals in soil solution, α is the gain coefficient, 0<α≤1.

[0019] In an implementation of the first aspect, the sensitivity of the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil solution to at least one leaching amount influencing factor is analyzed; the leaching amount influencing factor includes at least one of the following: soil pH value, heavy metal content in the soil, organic matter content in the soil, precipitation, evaporation, irrigation water volume, and effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a risk assessment device for heavy metals in soil, comprising a first determination module, a second determination module and a calculation module;

[0021] The first determination module is used to determine the amount of soil infiltration water based on the infiltration model;

[0022] The penetration model satisfies: W lea =P+I·(1-η)-E; where W lea is the amount of water infiltrated into the soil, P is the amount of precipitation, I is the amount of irrigation water in the soil, η is the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water, which indicates the amount of water in the irrigation water used by plants planted in the soil, and E is the amount of water evaporation;

[0023] The second determination module is used to determine the concentration of heavy metals in soil pore water;

[0024] The calculation module is used to calculate the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil based on the amount of soil infiltration water and the concentration of heavy metals in the soil solution; the leaching amount is used to conduct risk assessment of heavy metals in the soil.

[0025] In an implementation of the second aspect, the calculation module is specifically used to calculate the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil:

[0026] Q lea =10·W lea ·[Me] w α

[0027] In the formula, Q lea is the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil, W lea is the amount of water infiltrated into the soil, [Me] W is the concentration of heavy metals in soil solution, α is the gain coefficient, and 0<α≤1.

[0028] In an implementation of the second aspect, the second determination module is specifically used to determine the concentration of heavy metals in soil pore water, wherein the concentration of heavy metals in soil pore water satisfies:

[0029]

[0030] [Me] W is the concentration of heavy metals in soil pore water, [Me] S is the concentration of heavy metals in soil particles, K D is the distribution ratio of heavy metals in soil, K of different types of heavy metals D different.

[0031] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor; the memory is used to store computer instructions, and when the electronic device is running, the processor executes the computer instructions stored in the memory, so that the electronic device performs the method described in the first aspect or any one of its implementations.

[0032] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, comprising computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, enable the computer to execute the method as described in the first aspect or any one of its implementations.

[0033] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product, comprising computer program instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to execute the method as described in the first aspect or any one of its implementations.

[0034] The technical effects corresponding to the above-mentioned second to fifth aspects and their possible implementations can refer to the above-mentioned description of the technical effects of the first aspect and its possible implementations, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a risk assessment method for heavy metals in soil provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a risk assessment device for heavy metals in soil provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "at least one" means one or more. For example, at least one leaching amount influencing factor is one or more leaching amount influencing factors.

[0039] The method and device provided in the embodiment of the present invention relate to soil risk assessment and can be used to assess the heavy metal pollution in the soil. Specifically, the leaching amount of heavy metals leached from the soil under leaching is first estimated, and then the leaching amount is used to perform risk assessment of heavy metals in the soil.

[0040] It is understandable that after exogenous heavy metals enter the soil, they are difficult to volatilize, degrade and metabolize, and the soil has an adsorption effect on heavy metals, causing the heavy metals to accumulate in the soil for a long time. Under the leaching effect of water, the heavy metals accumulated in the soil may be leached. This phenomenon is called leaching.

[0041] Leaching refers to the process in which heavy metals in the soil are leached out and infiltrated into the infiltrated water (i.e., water that infiltrates the soil from rainfall, snowfall, irrigation, etc.), and then diffuse from the upper layer to the lower layer of the soil or diffuse laterally with the infiltrated water. Downward diffusion includes the migration of heavy metals to deep soil and to groundwater, and lateral diffusion includes the migration of heavy metals to surface water.

[0042] Due to the above-mentioned leaching, heavy metals will diffuse into surface water, deep soil and groundwater, causing great harm to the survival of organisms and the safety of the ecosystem; especially for farmland soil, it may cause serious impacts such as plant toxicity, food chain pollution and soil degradation. Therefore, studying the leaching of heavy metals in the soil will help to conduct risk assessment of heavy metals in the soil. Specifically, the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil (especially farmland soil) is calculated, and the soil is risk assessed and controlled based on the leaching amount, thereby reducing heavy metals in the soil and improving the soil environment.

[0043] In some prior arts, in the process of soil risk assessment, the concentration of heavy metals is usually compared with the concentration threshold set by the standard, and then assessment and control are carried out. This method ignores the various hazards caused by the leaching of heavy metals, resulting in low accuracy of the assessment results. In order to solve this problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method and device for risk assessment of heavy metals in soil. The method uses an infiltration model to determine the amount of infiltration water, and calculates the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil based on the infiltration water and the concentration of heavy metals in the soil pore water. The leaching amount calculated by this method has a high accuracy, and based on the leaching amount, the risk assessment of heavy metals in soil can be performed more accurately.

[0044] Exemplarily, the risk assessment method for heavy metals in soil provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be performed by an electronic device with a processing function, for example, the electronic device can be a computer, a server, etc. Taking the electronic device as a computer as an example, the hardware part of the computer can include: a processor, a memory, a network interface, a user interface, a communication bus, etc.

[0045] The processor is used to control the electronic device to perform related processing and computing tasks, such as determining the amount of soil infiltration water and the concentration of heavy metals in soil pore water. The processor may include a central processing unit (CPU) or other processors, and the processor may be single-core or multi-core, for example, the processor may include multiple CPUs.

[0046] The memory is used to store computer instructions and related data. For example, it stores data such as precipitation and the amount of irrigation water for the soil. The memory can be a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a flash memory, or an optical memory, a disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to store program code or data that can be accessed by a computer. Optionally, the memory can be integrated into the processor, or the memory can be independent of the processor.

[0047] The network interface is used for the computer to communicate with other devices or communication networks. The network interface can be a transceiver with transceiver functions. Optionally, the network interface can include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (such as a WI-FI interface, a Bluetooth interface, a 5G interface).

[0048] The communication bus is used to realize the connection and communication between various components. For example, the processor, memory, network interface and user interface mentioned above can be interconnected through the communication bus.

[0049] The user interface may include a display screen and an input unit (such as a keyboard). Optionally, the user interface may also include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface.

[0050] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned computer may also include more or fewer components, or a combination of certain components, or different arrangements of components, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0051] In combination with the above, in an embodiment of the present invention, a risk assessment method for heavy metals in soil is described in detail by taking farmland soil as an example.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the risk assessment method for heavy metals in soil provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes S101-S103.

[0053] S101. Determine the amount of soil infiltration water based on an infiltration model.

[0054] The amount of water infiltrated into the soil refers to the amount of water that enters the soil and penetrates into the soil through the soil surface. In the embodiment of the present invention, for farmland soil, the water that enters the farmland soil may include precipitation (including rain or snow, etc.) and irrigation water.

[0055] It should be understood that after precipitation or irrigation water enters the soil, part of the water seeps into the ground, part of the water evaporates, and part of the water is used by plants. Based on this, in one implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, the water infiltration model in farmland soil satisfies:

[0056] W lea =P+I·(1-η)-E;

[0057] Among them, W lea is the amount of soil infiltration water, P is the precipitation, I is the amount of soil irrigation water, η is the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water, and E is the amount of evaporation water.

[0058] The irrigation water effective utilization coefficient η can indicate the amount of water in the irrigation water used by the plants planted in the soil. The irrigation water effective utilization coefficient is the ratio of the amount of water used by the plants in the soil to the amount of irrigation water.

[0059] Optionally, the way in which plants use water may include: plant transpiration and plant self-absorption. Therefore, the amount of water used by plants in the soil includes the amount of water transpired by the plants and the amount of water absorbed by the plants.

[0060] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present invention, the soil infiltration water volume is estimated by taking the time unit of year as an example.

[0061] The precipitation P can be the average precipitation over many years. For example, based on the published annual precipitation data, the average annual precipitation from 1982 to 2016 is used as the value of P. The irrigation quantity I and the irrigation water effective utilization coefficient η can also be obtained based on existing public data (such as the Water Resources Bulletin). For example, the annual average irrigation water volume from 2019 to 2021 is used as I, and the annual average irrigation water effective utilization coefficient from 2019 to 2021 is used as η. The evaporation water volume E is obtained based on the publicly released data set of the National Tibetan Plateau Data Center. For example, the average land evaporation water volume from 1982 to 2017 is used as the value of E.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present invention, in the process of determining the amount of water infiltrated into the soil, the amount of water used by plants in the soil is fully considered, and the amount of water infiltrated into the soil can be accurately determined.

[0063] Optionally, part of the water in the precipitation may also be used by plants or consumed in other ways. Therefore, in another implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, the infiltration model satisfies:

[0064] W lea =P·γ+I·(1-η)-E;

[0065] Among them, W leais the amount of water infiltrated into the soil, P is the amount of precipitation, γ is the correction coefficient, P·γ is the amount of water in the precipitation minus the water used by plants or consumed in other ways, I is the amount of irrigation water in the soil, η is the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water, and E is the amount of evaporated water.

[0066] S102. Determine the concentration of heavy metals in soil pore water.

[0067] In soil, heavy metals may be present in soil particles and in the pore water between soil particles (the water in the pores formed between soil particles).

[0068] In one implementation, the concentration of heavy metals in soil pore water satisfies:

[0069]

[0070] In the formula, [Me] W is the concentration of heavy metals in soil pore water, [Me] S is the concentration of heavy metals in soil particles, K D It is the distribution ratio of heavy metals in soil, that is, the distribution ratio of the concentration of heavy metals in soil particles to the concentration of heavy metals in soil pore water.

[0071] Optional, different types of heavy metal K D different.

[0072] It should be understood that the organic matter in the soil contains a large number of functional groups, such as carboxyl, hydroxyl and amino groups, etc. These functional groups can form stable complexes with heavy metal ions. The complexes can promote the heavy metals to exist in the soil solution (i.e., soil pore water) in a dissolved state. At the same time, soil pH, redox conditions, soil mineral composition, microbial activity and other factors will also affect the solubility of heavy metals, thereby affecting the concentration of heavy metals in soil pore water, and further, causing the distribution ratio of heavy metals in the soil to change. For example, under acidic conditions, the solubility of heavy metals usually increases, and the concentration of heavy metals also increases. Among the above factors, the soil pH value and the content of organic matter in the soil have a greater impact on the distribution ratio of heavy metals in the soil. Therefore, in an embodiment of the present invention, the distribution ratio K of heavy metals in the soil is predicted based on the soil pH value and the organic matter in the soil. D , ignoring other factors.

[0073] Optionally, calculate K according to the following formula D :

[0074] log(K D )=a+b×pH+c×log(OC)

[0075] Where pH is soil pH, OC is soil organic carbon content; a, b, c are all parameters, where the values ​​of a, b, c may be different for different heavy metals.

[0076] Among them, the soil organic carbon content is derived based on the content of organic matter in the soil. Specifically, the content of organic matter is converted into the content of organic carbon based on the transfer factor between organic carbon and organic matter. The detailed derivation process can be referred to the existing technical information and will not be described in detail here.

[0077] Exemplarily, in the present embodiment, the pH value of the soil in a 0.01 mol / L CaCl2 solution is measured, and the K is calculated based on the pH value of the soil in the CaCl2 solution. D , then K D The calculation formula can also be:

[0078]

[0079] In one implementation, based on the pH value of the soil in the aqueous solution, a conversion formula is used to convert the pH value of the soil in the aqueous solution into the pH value of the soil in a 0.01 mol / L CaCl2 solution.

[0080] The above conversion formula is:

[0081] pH CaCl2 =pH water -0.54

[0082] Among them, pH CaCl2 is the pH value of soil in 0.01 mol / L CaCl2 solution, pH water is the pH value of soil in water.

[0083] The following are the distribution ratios of several heavy metals in the soil: D The calculation method of .

[0084] K corresponding to heavy metal cadmium (Cd) D1 for:

[0085]

[0086] K corresponding to heavy metal lead (Pb) D2 for:

[0087] log(K D2 )=1.32+0.40pH CaCl2 +0.50log(OC);

[0088] K corresponding to heavy metal copper (Cu) D3 for:

[0089] log(K D3 )=0.45+0.34pH CaCl2 +0.65log(OC);

[0090] K corresponding to heavy metal zinc (Zn) D4 for:

[0091] log(K D4 )=-1.77+0.66pH CaCl2 +0.79log(OC).

[0092] For example, in a region, it is known that the pH value of the soil in aqueous solution is 7.71, and the content of organic matter in the soil is 44.99 g / kg; it can be calculated that the pH value of the soil in 0.01 mol / L CaCl2 solution is 7.17, and the organic carbon content of the soil is 2.61%. D The calculation formula can be used to find the K corresponding to cadmium (Cd). D1 0.153 mg kg -1 , K corresponding to lead (Pb) D2 23.57 mg kg -1 , K corresponding to copper (Cu) D3 23.9 mg kg -1 , K corresponding to zinc (Zn) D4 83.7723.9mg kg -1 .

[0093] Optionally, the concentration of heavy metals in soil particles [Me] S It can be obtained through measurement.

[0094] S103. Calculate the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil based on the amount of soil infiltration water and the concentration of heavy metals in the soil solution.

[0095] In the embodiment of the present invention, the calculation method of the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil is:

[0096] Q lea =10·W lea ·[Me] w α

[0097] In the formula, Q lea is the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil, W lea is the amount of water infiltrated into the soil, [Me] W is the concentration of heavy metals in soil solution, α is the gain coefficient, and the value range of α is 0<α≤1.

[0098] Exemplarily, the value of α may be 1, 1 / 6, or 1 / 12.

[0099] It should be understood that since the soil type and land use patterns in different regions may be different, the leaching effect in different regions may also be different. Therefore, the gain coefficient α of the leaching amount is different for different regions. Setting different gain coefficients for the leaching amount in different regions can further improve the leaching amount Q lea accuracy.

[0100] Optionally, the gain coefficient α of the leaching amount can be predicted based on an AI prediction model.

[0101] Specifically, the AI ​​prediction model can predict the gain coefficient of leaching amount based on the influencing factors of the gain coefficient.

[0102] The training process of the above AI prediction model includes:

[0103] First, data on the factors affecting the gain coefficient of a large number of plots (plots can be divided according to soil type and land use) and the gain coefficient of leaching determined by expert experience (as the true value of the gain coefficient) are collected as training data;

[0104] Then, the training data is used to train the AI ​​prediction model. Specifically, the data of the gain coefficient influencing factors in the training data are input into the AI ​​prediction model to obtain the predicted value of the gain coefficient, and the predicted value of the gain coefficient is compared with the actual value of the gain coefficient in the training data to determine the model loss of the AI ​​prediction model. The AI ​​prediction model is updated based on the model loss until the model converges.

[0105] Optionally, the AI ​​prediction model can be constructed based on the error between the estimated leaching amount (related to α) and the leaching amount value disclosed in relevant literature, and the α corresponding to the time when the error between the estimated leaching amount and the disclosed leaching amount value is minimized is used as the output of the AI ​​prediction model.

[0106] For example, for a certain region in China, the gain coefficient output by the AI ​​prediction model is 1 / 12; the calculation formula for the leaching amount of heavy metals in the above-mentioned soil is then used to calculate the leaching amount of heavy metals Cd (cadmium), Cu (copper) and Zn (zinc) in agricultural soils; in a certain region, the leaching amount of cadmium per hectare of land per year is 3.425g for Cd, 109.002g for Cu, and 1399.045g for Zn.

[0107] Furthermore, the calculated leaching amount can be used to conduct risk assessment of heavy metals in soil. For example, the estimated leaching amount of the present invention is compared with the corresponding leaching amount safety threshold to assess the potential risk of heavy metals. If the estimated leaching amount exceeds the leaching amount safety threshold, it indicates that there may be environmental risks. If the estimated leaching amount does not exceed the leaching amount safety threshold, it indicates that there may be no environmental risks.

[0108] In one application method, the sensitivity of the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil solution to at least one leaching amount influencing factor is analyzed; the leaching amount influencing factor includes at least one of the following: soil pH value, heavy metal content in the soil, organic matter content in the soil, precipitation, evaporation, irrigation water volume, and irrigation water effective utilization coefficient.

[0109] Optionally, a sensitivity analysis method is: perform sensitivity analysis on the above-mentioned heavy metal leaching influencing factors one by one, for each influencing factor, while keeping other leaching influencing factors unchanged, set the change percentage of each leaching influencing factor to -20%, -15%, -10%, -5%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%, and calculate the resulting change rate of heavy metal leaching, and select the leaching influencing factor with the largest change rate, which is the influencing factor with the highest sensitivity.

[0110] In one application, the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil is controlled by adjusting the leaching amount influencing factor to improve the soil environment and reduce heavy metal pollution. For example, using the results of the above sensitivity analysis, a leaching amount influencing factor with high sensitivity is selected, and the leaching amount influencing factor is changed to control the possible risks of heavy metals in the soil.

[0111] In summary, in the risk assessment method for heavy metals in soil provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the infiltration water volume is calculated according to the infiltration model, and the factors affecting the soil infiltration water volume, such as the amount of water used by plants and the amount of evaporated water, are fully considered, thereby improving the accuracy of the soil infiltration water volume, and then the leaching amount of heavy metals determined according to the soil infiltration water volume and the soil... heavy metal concentration in water is also more accurate. In this way, the risk assessment of heavy metals in soil can be performed based on the leaching amount, which can improve the accuracy of the risk assessment of heavy metals in soil.

[0112] Accordingly, an embodiment of the present invention provides a risk assessment device for heavy metals in soil, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes a first determination module 501, a second determination module 502 and a calculation module 503.

[0113] The first determination module 501 is used to determine the amount of soil infiltration water based on the infiltration model. For example, the first determination module 501 is used to implement S101 of the above method for risk assessment of heavy metals in soil.

[0114] The second determination module 502 is used to determine the concentration of heavy metals in soil pore water. For example, the second determination module 502 is used to implement S102 of the above method for implementing the risk assessment method of heavy metals in soil.

[0115] The calculation module 503 is used to calculate the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil according to the amount of soil infiltration water and the concentration of heavy metals in the soil solution. For example, the calculation module 503 is used to implement S103 of the above-mentioned method for implementing the risk assessment of heavy metals in the soil.

[0116] Optionally, the calculation module 503 is specifically used to calculate the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil:

[0117] Q lea =10·W lea ·[Me] w α

[0118] In the formula, Q lea is the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil, W lea is the amount of water infiltrated into the soil, [Me] W is the concentration of heavy metals in the soil solution, α is a gain coefficient, and the value range of α is 0<α≤1. For example, the calculation module 503 is specifically used to implement S103 of the above-mentioned risk assessment method for heavy metals in soil.

[0119] The various modules of the above-mentioned risk assessment device for heavy metals in soil can also be used to execute other steps in the above-mentioned method embodiment. All relevant contents involved in the above-mentioned method embodiment can be referred to the functional description of the corresponding functional module and will not be repeated here.

[0120] The embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor and a memory coupled to the processor; the memory is used to store computer instructions, and when the electronic device is running, the processor executes the computer instructions stored in the memory, so that the electronic device executes the method described in the above embodiment. The processor can implement the above first determination module 501, the second determination module 502, the calculation module 503, etc.

[0121] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a computer program. When the computer program runs on a computer, the method described in the above embodiment is executed.

[0122] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, which includes computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are run on a computer, the method described in the above embodiment is executed.

[0123] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0124] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A risk assessment method for heavy metals in soil, characterized in that: include: Determine the amount of water infiltrating the soil based on the infiltration model; The penetration model satisfies: W lea =P+I·(1-η)-E; Among them, W lea is the amount of water infiltrated into the soil, P is the amount of precipitation, I is the amount of irrigation water in the soil, η is the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water, the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water indicates the amount of water in the irrigation water used by the plants planted in the soil, and E is the amount of water evaporation; Determine the concentration of heavy metals in soil pore water; The leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil is calculated based on the amount of soil infiltration water and the concentration of heavy metals in the soil solution; the leaching amount is used to conduct risk assessment of heavy metals in the soil.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water is the ratio of the amount of water used by plants in the soil to the amount of irrigation water; the amount of water used by plants in the soil includes the amount of water transpired by plants and the amount of water absorbed by plants.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The concentration of heavy metals in the soil pore water meets the following requirements: [Me] W is the concentration of heavy metals in soil pore water, [Me] S is the concentration of heavy metals in soil particles, K D is the distribution ratio of heavy metals in soil, K of different types of heavy metals D different.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil is: Q lea =10·W lea ·[Me] w ·α In the formula, Q lea is the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil, W lea is the amount of water infiltrated into the soil, [Me] W is the concentration of heavy metals in soil solution, α is the gain coefficient, 0<α≤1.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: The sensitivity of the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil solution to at least one leaching amount influencing factor is analyzed; the leaching amount influencing factor includes at least one of the following: soil pH value, heavy metal content in the soil, organic matter content in the soil, precipitation, evaporation, irrigation water volume, and irrigation water effective utilization coefficient.

6. A risk assessment device for heavy metals in soil, characterized in that: It includes a first determining module, a second determining module and a calculating module; The first determination module is used to determine the amount of soil infiltration water based on the infiltration model; The penetration model satisfies: W lea =P+I·(1-η)-E; Among them, W lea is the amount of water infiltrated into the soil, P is the amount of precipitation, I is the amount of irrigation water in the soil, η is the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water, the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water indicates the amount of water in the irrigation water used by the plants planted in the soil, and E is the amount of water evaporation; The second determination module is used to determine the concentration of heavy metals in soil pore water; The calculation module is used to calculate the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil according to the soil infiltration water volume and the concentration of heavy metals in the soil solution; the leaching amount is used to perform risk assessment on heavy metals in the soil.

7. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The calculation module is specifically used to calculate the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil: Q lea =10·W lea ·[Me] w ·α In the formula, Q lea is the leaching amount of heavy metals in the soil, W lea is the amount of water infiltrated into the soil, [Me] W is the concentration of heavy metals in soil solution, α is the gain coefficient, and 0<α≤1.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises a processor and a memory coupled to the processor; the memory is used to store computer instructions, and when the electronic device is running, the processor executes the computer instructions stored in the memory, so that the electronic device executes the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The method comprises computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The method comprises computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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