High-power-density hydrogen fuel cell power management integrated system

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-power-density hydrogen fuel cell power supply management integrated system, which integrates FCUVCUBMSDDCPDU functions, and is characterized in that after a pre-charging strategy completion signal is received, the load of a fuel cell is gradually increased according to a preset rate, and the energy demand, current, voltage and temperature changes of a VCU are monitored in real time; and dynamically adjusting parameters of the fuel cell unit FCU, the DCDC converter and the battery charging and discharging BMS according to an analysis result so as to adapt to load changes, so that the problems that in the prior art, a fixed strategy is often adopted for load increase during starting, VCU dynamic response, an FCU function, a DCDC converter function and a battery charging and discharging management BMS function are not efficiently integrated, and the service life of the VCU is influenced are solved. The FCU function and the DCDC converter function are dynamically adjusted according to current, voltage and temperature changes in the load increasing process, and the problem of electric pile protection discharge is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery management integration, and in particular to a high power density hydrogen fuel cell power management integrated system. Background Art

[0002] High power density hydrogen fuel cells refer to hydrogen fuel cells that can provide higher power output per unit volume or unit mass. This type of battery is valued for its high energy conversion efficiency and high power output, and is mainly used in situations that require a fast and powerful power source, such as electric vehicles.

[0003] In the field of high power density hydrogen fuel cell power management, existing technologies usually face a series of challenges and defects, which greatly limit the reliability, efficiency and life of hydrogen fuel cell systems. The problems are manifested as follows: Traditional hydrogen fuel cell systems often lack effective power management strategies during startup and operation. Unbalanced battery pack voltage is a common problem, which can lead to degradation of battery performance and even damage to the battery. In addition, a fixed strategy is often used to increase the load during startup, without efficient integration of the FCU function and the DCDC converter function, and without dynamic adjustment of the FCU function and the DCDC converter function according to the current, voltage and temperature changes during the load increase process. The integration is single and the efficiency is low. Secondly, there are also deficiencies in performance evaluation; there is usually no comprehensive recording and analysis of the performance indicators during the startup and operation of hydrogen fuel cells, and these performance indicators are not combined with historical data for comprehensive evaluation, which makes it impossible to effectively evaluate and optimize the overall performance of the hydrogen fuel cell startup process.

[0004] To this end, a high power density hydrogen fuel cell power management integrated system is introduced. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a high power density hydrogen fuel cell power management integrated system to solve the problems raised by the above background technology.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solution: A high power density hydrogen fuel cell power management integrated system, comprising: Pre-charge strategy implementation module: detects and balances the battery pack voltage, and after confirming that the battery pack voltage is balanced, sends a pre-charge strategy completion signal to the startup strategy implementation module; Startup strategy implementation module: after receiving the pre-charging strategy completion signal, the startup procedure is started; the fuel cell load is increased according to the preset rate; during this process, the changes of influencing parameters are monitored and analyzed in real time, including current, voltage and temperature; and the parameters of the fuel cell unit FCU and DCDC converter are adjusted accordingly based on the analysis results; Monitoring and early warning strategy module: activates the monitoring function and collects the operating parameters in real time for analysis. Based on the analysis results, the first or second level early warning is triggered accordingly; the operating parameters include voltage, current and temperature; Performance evaluation generation module: When the hydrogen fuel cell reaches a stable operating state, the performance indicator parameters during the startup process are recorded and comprehensively evaluated to obtain the performance evaluation index of the hydrogen fuel cell during the startup process; the performance indicator parameters include the startup time, the number of first-level warnings, and the number of second-level warnings; based on the performance evaluation index of the hydrogen fuel cell during the startup process, combined with historical data for further evaluation, the performance value of the hydrogen fuel cell is obtained.

[0007] In some embodiments, the battery pack voltage is detected and balanced, specifically: Start the pre-built self-test program to perform a self-test on the status of all components. After the self-test is normal, detect the voltage of each single cell in the battery pack; preset the voltage reference threshold, compare the voltage of each single cell, identify the battery with a voltage lower than the preset reference threshold, activate the pre-charge circuit, and charge the battery with a voltage lower than the preset reference threshold. Continuously monitor the battery voltage during the charging process until all batteries reach the voltage level range required for startup, then confirm that the battery pack voltage is balanced.

[0008] In some embodiments, the changes of the influencing parameters are monitored in real time and analyzed, and the parameters of the fuel cell unit FCU are adjusted accordingly based on the results of the analysis, specifically: Increase the load of the fuel cell according to a preset rate, and extract the current, voltage and temperature data at the current time point when each preset rate is reached; The reference thresholds of current, voltage and temperature at each time point are preset according to the preset rate. If the current or voltage at a certain time point is lower than the corresponding preset reference threshold, the FCU gas supply adjustment instruction is triggered; First, the difference between the corresponding current or voltage and the corresponding preset reference threshold is calculated, and the difference is recorded as the current difference or voltage difference; the current difference value range and the voltage difference value range corresponding to each group of current difference value range and each group of voltage difference value range are preset respectively, and each group of current difference value range and each group of voltage difference value range are set to correspond to a group of air supply respectively; the current difference and the voltage difference are matched with the corresponding preset value ranges respectively, so as to obtain the air supply corresponding to the current difference and the voltage difference respectively; if the current and the voltage at a certain time point are both lower than the corresponding preset reference threshold, the air supply obtained by matching the current difference and the voltage difference respectively is compared, and the higher value of the air supply is taken from the two as the required air supply; Preset the pressure adjustment range corresponding to the required air supply range of each group, match the obtained required air supply with the preset required air supply range of each group, so as to obtain the pressure adjustment range corresponding to the time point, and adjust the pressure of the FCU air supply system based on the obtained pressure adjustment range.

[0009] In some embodiments, real-time monitoring and analysis of changes in influencing parameters, and corresponding adjustment of parameters of the fuel cell unit FCU based on the analysis results, further includes: If the temperature at a certain time point is higher than the corresponding preset reference threshold, the FCU cooling adjustment instruction is triggered; First, calculate the difference between the corresponding temperature and the corresponding preset reference threshold, and record the difference as the temperature difference; preset the temperature value ranges corresponding to each group of temperature values, and set each group of temperature value ranges to correspond to a cooling flow value; match the temperature difference with the corresponding preset temperature value ranges to obtain the cooling flow value corresponding to the current temperature difference; increase the flow of the FCU cooling system based on the obtained cooling flow value.

[0010] In some embodiments, the changes of the influencing parameters are monitored in real time and analyzed, and the parameters of the DCDC converter are adjusted accordingly based on the results of the analysis, specifically: Real-time monitoring of the load increase state of the fuel cell, setting different load increase states to correspond to an output parameter adjustment range of the DCDC converter; wherein the output parameter adjustment range includes the adjustment of the output voltage and the output current; When the fuel cell increases its load at a preset rate, the output parameter adjustment range of the DCDC converter is adjusted according to the setting when the corresponding load increase state is reached.

[0011] In some embodiments, the operating parameters during operation are collected in real time for analysis, and a first-level warning or a second-level warning is triggered based on the analysis results, specifically: The load of the fuel cell is increased according to a preset rate, and when each preset rate time point is reached, the voltage, current and temperature within the set time period before the arrival time point are extracted; according to the voltage, current and temperature at each time point within the set time period, the average values ​​are taken to obtain the voltage mean value, current mean value and temperature mean value within the set time period before the current arrival time point, and they are marked as da, db and dc respectively; The maximum allowable values ​​corresponding to the voltage average, current average and temperature average under each load increase state are preset respectively; According to the formula , weighted calculation is performed on the voltage mean da, current mean db and temperature mean dc in the set time period before the current arrival time point, so as to obtain the early warning evaluation index Yj in the set time period before the current arrival time point; wherein dr, dn and dg respectively represent the maximum allowable values ​​corresponding to the voltage mean, current mean and temperature mean under the corresponding load increase state, and h, u and p respectively represent the influence weight factors of the voltage mean da, current mean db and temperature mean dc; Extracting warning records from a pre-built database, and obtaining warning data of the hydrogen fuel cell under each load increase state according to the extracted warning records, the warning data being a set of warning evaluation indexes before the hydrogen fuel cell fails under the corresponding load increase state; Input the early warning evaluation index Yj within the set time period before the current arrival time point into the early warning evaluation index set under the corresponding load increase state. If the early warning evaluation index Yj is greater than or equal to a group of indexes in the early warning evaluation index set, a first-level early warning is directly generated; If the warning evaluation index Yj is smaller than each group of indexes in the warning evaluation index set, the minimum index is extracted from the warning evaluation index set, and the difference between the minimum index and the warning evaluation index Yj is calculated, which is recorded as the warning difference. If the warning difference is less than the preset minimum allowable difference, a secondary warning is directly generated.

[0012] In some embodiments, the performance evaluation index of the hydrogen fuel cell during the startup process is obtained, specifically: Get the startup time of the current startup process. The startup time starts from the time when the startup program starts after receiving the pre-charging strategy completion signal and ends when the hydrogen fuel cell reaches a stable operating state. This time interval is used as the startup time of the current startup process. At the same time, the number of first-level warnings and second-level warnings in the current startup process are counted and marked as ry1 and ry2 respectively. The first-level warning number ry1 and the second-level warning number ry2 are weighted calculated using the preset formula (ry1+0.8)×w1+(ry2+1)×w2, so as to obtain the hidden danger assessment value of the hydrogen fuel cell in the current startup process; w1 and w2 are the influence weight factors of the first-level warning number ry1 and the second-level warning number ry2 respectively; Based on the startup time and hidden danger assessment value in the current startup process, the pre-built conversion rules are used for conversion; Preset the range of values ​​of each group of durations corresponding to the duration used for startup, and set each group of duration value ranges to correspond to a performance score; match the duration used for startup in the current startup process with the preset range of values ​​of each group of durations, so as to obtain the performance score corresponding to the duration used for startup, and mark the group of performance scores as the startup score; preset the range of values ​​of each group of assessments corresponding to the hidden danger assessment value, and set each group of assessment value ranges to correspond to a performance score; Match the hidden danger assessment value in the current startup process with the preset assessment value ranges of each group, so as to obtain the performance score corresponding to the hidden danger assessment value, and mark the group of performance scores as stability scores; The weight coefficients corresponding to the preset startup score and stability score are respectively multiplied, and the startup score and stability score in the current startup process are multiplied by the corresponding preset weight coefficients, and then the sum is obtained to obtain the performance evaluation index in the current startup process.

[0013] In some embodiments, the performance value of the hydrogen fuel cell is obtained by further evaluating the historical data, specifically: Taking the current startup process as the demarcation point, extract the performance evaluation index corresponding to the nearly X startup processes before the demarcation point, X>5; The performance evaluation index of the current startup process is compared with the performance evaluation index corresponding to the last X startup processes one by one. If the performance evaluation index corresponding to a startup process is greater than the performance evaluation index of the current startup process, the difference between the two is calculated and recorded as the performance degradation value. If the performance evaluation index corresponding to a startup process is less than the performance evaluation index of the current startup process, the difference between the two is calculated and the absolute value is taken, which is recorded as the performance improvement value. The ratio of the performance increase value to the performance decrease value, ie, the performance increase value / performance decrease value, is calculated to obtain the performance value of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention gradually increases the load of the fuel cell according to a preset rate after receiving a pre-charging strategy completion signal, monitors changes in influencing parameters such as current, voltage and temperature in real time, and dynamically adjusts the parameters of the fuel cell unit FCU and the DCDC converter according to the analysis results to adapt to the load change, thereby solving the problem that the prior art often adopts a fixed strategy for increasing the load at startup, does not efficiently integrate the FCU function and the DCDC converter function, and dynamically adjusts the FCU function and the DCDC converter function according to the current, voltage and temperature changes during the load increase process; The present invention performs self-checking on the status of all components through a self-checking program, detects the voltage of each single cell in the battery pack, presets a voltage reference threshold, identifies the battery with a voltage lower than the threshold, and activates the pre-charging circuit for charging until all batteries reach the voltage level required for starting, thereby ensuring that the battery pack voltage is balanced; The present invention calculates the early warning evaluation index by analyzing the mean values ​​of voltage, current and temperature within a set time period and comparing them with the preset maximum allowable values, thereby achieving early identification and early warning of potential problems; After the hydrogen fuel cell reaches a stable operating state, the present invention records the performance indicator parameters during the startup process and conducts a comprehensive evaluation to obtain a performance evaluation index of the hydrogen fuel cell during the startup process, which reflects the performance state of the hydrogen fuel cell during the current startup process. The current startup process is further used as a demarcation point to extract the performance evaluation index corresponding to the nearly X startup processes before the demarcation point, and compare them with the current startup performance evaluation index. By calculating the ratio of the performance increase value to the performance decrease value, the performance value of the hydrogen fuel cell is obtained, thereby reflecting the historical performance trend of the hydrogen fuel cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Further details, features and advantages of the present application are disclosed in the following description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 It is a principle block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Several embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the present application. The present application can be embodied in many different forms and purposes and should not be limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to make the present application comprehensive and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art. The embodiments do not limit the present application.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the relevant art and / or the context of this specification, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined as such herein.

[0018] See also Figure 1 As shown, the high power density hydrogen fuel cell power management integrated system includes a pre-charging strategy implementation module, a startup strategy implementation module, a monitoring and early warning strategy module, and a performance evaluation generation module; The pre-charge strategy implementation module is used to detect and balance the battery pack voltage through the battery management system (BMS), and after confirming that the battery pack voltage is balanced, send a pre-charge strategy completion signal to the startup strategy implementation module; Specifically: Start the pre-built self-test program to self-test the status of all components. After the self-test is normal, detect the voltage of each single cell in the battery pack through the battery management system (BMS); preset the reference threshold of the voltage, compare the voltage of each single cell, identify the battery with a voltage lower than the preset reference threshold, and activate the pre-charge circuit to charge the battery with a voltage lower than the preset reference threshold. Continuously monitor the battery voltage during the charging process until all batteries reach the voltage level range required for starting, and then confirm that the battery pack voltage is balanced; It should be noted that, in summary, by detecting and balancing the voltage of each single cell in the battery pack, it is ensured that the voltage of each battery in the battery pack is in a balanced state, thereby avoiding performance degradation and shortened life due to uneven voltage.

[0019] It should be noted that high-power density hydrogen fuel cells use high-power density electrode materials, such as nano-sized platinum catalysts to increase the reaction area, introduce three-dimensional electrode structures to improve gas diffusion and electron conduction efficiency, optimize the design to increase power density, reduce system volume and weight, and help achieve a volume power density of 10kW / L.

[0020] After confirming that the battery pack voltage is balanced, a pre-charge strategy completion signal is sent, which provides a reliable prerequisite for starting the fuel cell system and reduces the risk of startup failure.

[0021] The startup strategy implementation module is used to start the startup procedure after receiving the pre-charging strategy completion signal; at this time, the indicator light on the dashboard lights up, indicating that the system is ready; the fuel cell load is increased according to the preset rate; the system output power is gradually increased, for example, the load is increased by 10% every 10 seconds; in this process, the changes in the influencing parameters are monitored and analyzed in real time, and the influencing parameters include current, voltage and temperature; thus, the parameters of the fuel cell unit FCU and the DCDC converter are adjusted accordingly based on the analysis results; By installing high-precision current sensors, voltage sensors, and temperature sensors and connecting them to the monitoring system, the values ​​of these parameters can be obtained in real time; Specifically: Increase the load of the fuel cell according to a preset rate, and extract the current, voltage and temperature data of the current time point from the sensor when each preset rate time point is reached; The reference thresholds of current, voltage and temperature at each time point are preset according to the preset rate. If the current or voltage at a certain time point is lower than the corresponding preset reference threshold, the FCU gas supply adjustment instruction is triggered; Firstly, the difference between the corresponding current or voltage and the corresponding preset reference threshold is calculated, and the difference is recorded as the current difference or voltage difference; Preset the current difference and voltage difference value ranges of each group corresponding to the current difference and voltage difference respectively, and set each group of current difference value ranges and each group of voltage difference value ranges to correspond to a group of air supply respectively; the air supply includes the supply of hydrogen and air; Matching the current difference and the voltage difference with the corresponding preset value ranges, thereby obtaining the air supply amounts corresponding to the current difference and the voltage difference respectively; If the current and voltage at a certain time point are both lower than the corresponding preset reference thresholds, the air supply amounts obtained by matching the current difference and the voltage difference are compared, and the higher value of the air supply amount is taken as the required air supply amount; Preset the pressure adjustment range corresponding to the required air supply range of each group, match the obtained required air supply with the preset required air supply range of each group, so as to obtain the pressure adjustment range corresponding to the time point, and adjust the pressure of the FCU air supply system based on the obtained pressure adjustment range; If the temperature at a certain time point is higher than the corresponding preset reference threshold, the FCU cooling adjustment instruction is triggered; First, the difference between the corresponding temperature and the corresponding preset reference threshold is calculated, and the difference is recorded as the temperature difference; the temperature value ranges of each group corresponding to the preset temperature difference are set, and each temperature value range is set to correspond to a cooling flow value; Match the temperature difference with the corresponding preset temperature value ranges of each group, so as to obtain the cooling flow value corresponding to the current temperature difference; increase the flow of the FCU cooling system based on the obtained cooling flow value; Real-time monitoring of the load increase state of the fuel cell, setting different load increase states to correspond to an output parameter adjustment range of the DCDC converter; wherein the output parameter adjustment range includes the adjustment of the output voltage and the output current; When the fuel cell increases the load according to a preset rate, the output parameter adjustment range of the DCDC converter is adjusted according to the setting when the corresponding load increase state is reached; According to the load demand, adjust the output voltage of the DCDC converter to ensure that the system provides a stable voltage for the motor; adjust the output current of the DCDC converter to meet the load changes; It should be noted that, for example, the start-up strategy implementation process: Precharge strategy completed: The battery management system (BMS) completes battery pre-charging and sends a start signal.

[0022] System is ready: The Ready light on the instrument panel illuminates.

[0023] Gradually increase the load: The system gradually increases the load on the fuel cell at a preset rate (eg, 10% every 10 seconds).

[0024] Real-time monitoring parameters: At each preset rate point in time, the system extracts the current, voltage, and temperature data from the sensors.

[0025] Parameter analysis and adjustment: Assume that at the 30% load time point, the monitored current is 80A, the voltage is 280V, and the temperature is 70°C, while the preset reference thresholds are 90A, 290V, and 75°C respectively.

[0026] Gas supply adjustment command trigger: Both the current and voltage are lower than the threshold, triggering the FCU gas supply adjustment command.

[0027] Calculate the difference: Calculate the current difference: 90A - 80A = 10A.

[0028] Calculate the voltage difference: 290V - 280V = 10V.

[0029] Matching supply: According to the preset difference range, it is determined that the hydrogen supply volume that needs to be increased is 5L / min and the air supply volume is 10L / min.

[0030] Pressure adjustment: According to the supply volume, adjust the pressure of the FCU gas supply system to ensure that the supply of hydrogen and air meets the demand.

[0031] Cooling adjustment command trigger: The temperature is below the preset threshold and no adjustment is required.

[0032] DCDC converter parameter adjustment: According to the current load status (30%), the output voltage of the DCDC converter is adjusted to 350V and the output current is adjusted to 150A to match the needs of the motor.

[0033] The monitoring and early warning strategy module is used to activate the monitoring function and collect the operating parameters in real time for analysis during operation, and trigger corresponding early warnings based on the analysis results; the operating parameters include voltage, current and temperature; Specifically: The load of the fuel cell is increased according to a preset rate. When each preset rate time point is reached, the voltage, current and temperature within a set time period before the arrival time point are extracted; the set time period is 10 seconds before the arrival time point; according to the voltage, current and temperature at each time point within the set time period, the average values ​​are taken to obtain the voltage mean, current mean and temperature mean within the set time period before the current arrival time point, and they are marked as da, db and dc respectively; The maximum allowable values ​​corresponding to the voltage average, current average and temperature average under each load increase state are preset respectively; According to the formula , weighted calculation is performed on the voltage mean da, current mean db and temperature mean dc in the set time period before the current arrival time point, so as to obtain the early warning evaluation index Yj in the set time period before the current arrival time point; wherein dr, dn and dg respectively represent the maximum allowable values ​​corresponding to the voltage mean, current mean and temperature mean under the corresponding load increase state, and h, u and p respectively represent the influence weight factors of the voltage mean da, current mean db and temperature mean dc; Extracting warning records from a pre-built database, and obtaining warning data of the hydrogen fuel cell under each load increase state according to the extracted warning records, the warning data being a set of warning evaluation indexes before the hydrogen fuel cell fails under the corresponding load increase state; Input the early warning evaluation index Yj within the set time period before the current arrival time point into the early warning evaluation index set under the corresponding load increase state. If the early warning evaluation index Yj is greater than or equal to a group of indexes in the early warning evaluation index set, a first-level early warning is directly generated; If the early warning evaluation index Yj is less than each group of indexes in the early warning evaluation index set, the minimum index is extracted from the early warning evaluation index set, and the difference between the minimum index and the early warning evaluation index Yj is calculated, which is recorded as the early warning difference. If the early warning difference is less than the preset minimum allowable difference, a secondary early warning is directly generated; It should be noted that each time a hydrogen fuel cell fails during operation, the early warning record analyzes the voltage average da, current average db and temperature average dc before the failure under each load increase state, thereby updating the early warning evaluation index set under each load increase state.

[0034] For example, Set monitoring parameters: The system starts collecting data 10 seconds before each preset load increase time point (for example, a 10% load increase every 10 seconds).

[0035] Data Collection and Processing: At 20 seconds (the second time point), the system collected voltage, current, and temperature data from 10 to 20 seconds.

[0036] Calculate the average voltage, current and temperature during these 10 seconds and get da=320V, db=30A, dc=45°C.

[0037] Set the maximum allowed value: Corresponding to the 20% load state, the maximum allowable values ​​are set as: voltage dr = 330V, current dn = 35A, temperature dg = 50°C.

[0038] Weighted calculation of early warning assessment index Yj: Assume that the weight factors are: voltage h=0.5, current u=0.3, temperature p=0.2.

[0039] Early warning assessment index Yj = (da-dr)*h + (db-dn)*u + (dc-dg)*p.

[0040] Calculated, Yj = (320-330)*0.5 + (30-35)*0.3 + (45-50)*0.2 = 0.5.

[0041] Extract warning records and evaluation: A set of early warning evaluation indexes under 20% load condition is extracted from the database, assuming it is {1.0, 1.5, 2.0}.

[0042] Generate alert: Compare Yj with the warning evaluation index set: Yj=0.5 is less than any value in the set, and no level 1 warning is generated.

[0043] The minimum value in the set is 1.0, and the warning difference is 1.0 - 0.5 = 0.5.

[0044] Assuming that the preset minimum allowable difference is 0.3, and the warning difference 0.5 is greater than 0.3, no level 2 warning is generated either.

[0045] The performance evaluation generation module is used to record the performance index parameters during the startup process and conduct a comprehensive evaluation when the hydrogen fuel cell reaches a stable operating state, so as to obtain the performance evaluation index of the hydrogen fuel cell during the startup process; the performance index parameters include the startup time, the number of first-level warnings, and the number of second-level warnings; based on the performance evaluation index of the hydrogen fuel cell during the startup process, combined with historical data for further evaluation, the performance value of the hydrogen fuel cell is obtained; Specifically: Get the startup time of the current startup process. The startup time starts from the time when the startup program starts after receiving the pre-charging strategy completion signal and ends when the hydrogen fuel cell reaches a stable operating state. This time interval is used as the startup time of the current startup process. At the same time, the number of first-level warnings and second-level warnings in the current startup process are counted and marked as ry1 and ry2 respectively. The first-level warning number ry1 and the second-level warning number ry2 are weighted calculated using the preset formula (ry1+0.8)×w1+(ry2+1)×w2, so as to obtain the hidden danger assessment value of the hydrogen fuel cell in the current startup process; w1 and w2 are the influence weight factors of the first-level warning number ry1 and the second-level warning number ry2 respectively; Based on the startup time and hidden danger assessment value in the current startup process, the pre-built conversion rules are used for conversion; The preset startup duration value ranges for each group correspond to a performance score. The shorter the startup duration, the higher the performance score corresponding to the match. The performance score range is set to 1-5. Match the startup duration in the current startup process with the preset value ranges of each group of durations, so as to obtain a performance score corresponding to the startup duration, and mark the group of performance scores as the startup score; Preset the range of evaluation values ​​for each group corresponding to the hidden danger evaluation value, and set each group of evaluation value ranges to correspond to a performance score. The smaller the hidden danger evaluation value, the higher the corresponding matching performance score; Match the hidden danger assessment value in the current startup process with the preset assessment value ranges of each group, so as to obtain the performance score corresponding to the hidden danger assessment value, and mark the group of performance scores as stability scores; Preset the weight coefficients corresponding to the startup score and stability score respectively, multiply the startup score and stability score in the current startup process by the corresponding preset weight coefficients respectively, and then sum them to obtain the performance evaluation index in the current startup process; Taking the current startup process as the demarcation point, extract the performance evaluation index corresponding to the nearly X startup processes before the demarcation point, X>5, and the specific value is set by the technician; The performance evaluation index of the current startup process is compared with the performance evaluation index corresponding to the last X startup processes one by one. If the performance evaluation index corresponding to a startup process is greater than the performance evaluation index of the current startup process, the difference between the two is calculated and recorded as the performance degradation value. If the performance evaluation index corresponding to a startup process is less than the performance evaluation index of the current startup process, the difference between the two is calculated and the absolute value is taken, which is recorded as the performance improvement value. Calculate the ratio of the performance increase value to the performance decrease value, that is, the performance increase value / performance decrease value, to obtain the performance value of the hydrogen fuel cell; It should be noted that if the performance increase value is 0, it means that the performance of the hydrogen fuel cell has been continuously declining within the historical time interval, and the performance value will not be calculated, and the performance abnormality signaling will be directly triggered; If the performance degradation value is 0, it means that the performance of the hydrogen fuel cell continues to increase during the historical time interval, and the performance value is not calculated; In the above process, multiple functions such as FCU, DCDC, BMS, etc. are integrated into a single integrated system, including VCU and PDU, to improve overall performance and reduce costs. The power electronics integration of FCU and DCDC converter realizes the efficient integration of FCU functions and DCDC converter functions. Real-time detection of load changes and battery voltage and temperature information, based on the analysis results correspondingly adjust the parameters of the DCDC converter and BMS charging and discharging functions, specifically: When the load has a high power demand and the DCDC output is not satisfied, the BMS will perform the discharge function until it reaches the BMS protection threshold. If the load demand is not met, the VCU will perform the load reduction function, and the load reduction range can be set to 30%, 50%, and 80% according to the power change. When the load demand becomes smaller and is less than the DCDC output power, the BMS charging function is executed to charge the battery based on the data analysis results of temperature and battery voltage; After receiving the pre-charging strategy completion signal, the load of the fuel cell is gradually increased according to the preset rate, the changes in VCU energy demand, current, voltage and temperature are monitored in real time, and the fuel cell unit FCU, DCDC converter and battery charging and discharging BMS parameters are dynamically adjusted according to the analysis results to adapt to load changes. This solves the problem that the existing technology often adopts a fixed strategy for load increase at startup, does not efficiently integrate the VCU power response, FCU function, DCDC converter function and battery charging and discharging management BMS function, and dynamically adjusts the FCU function and DCDC converter function according to the current, voltage and temperature changes during the load increase process.

[0046] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. High power density hydrogen fuel cell power management integrated system, characterized in that: include: Pre-charge strategy implementation module: detects and balances the battery pack voltage, and after confirming that the battery pack voltage is balanced, sends a pre-charge strategy completion signal to the startup strategy implementation module; Startup strategy implementation module: after receiving the pre-charging strategy completion signal, the startup procedure is started; the fuel cell load is increased according to the preset rate; during this process, the changes of influencing parameters are monitored and analyzed in real time, including current, voltage and temperature; and the parameters of the fuel cell unit FCU and DCDC converter are adjusted accordingly based on the analysis results; Monitoring and early warning strategy module: activates the monitoring function and collects the operating parameters in real time for analysis during operation. Based on the analysis results, triggers the first or second level early warning; Operating parameters include voltage, current, and temperature; Performance evaluation generation module: when the hydrogen fuel cell reaches a stable operating state, the performance index parameters during the startup process are recorded and comprehensively evaluated, thereby obtaining the performance evaluation index of the hydrogen fuel cell during the startup process; Performance indicator parameters include the startup time, the number of first-level warnings, and the number of second-level warnings; Based on the performance evaluation index of the hydrogen fuel cell during the startup process and combined with historical data for further evaluation, the performance value of the hydrogen fuel cell is obtained.

2. The high power density hydrogen fuel cell power management integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Detect and balance the battery pack voltage, specifically: Start the pre-built self-test program to perform a self-test on the status of all components. After the self-test is normal, detect the voltage of each single cell in the battery pack; preset the voltage reference threshold, compare the voltage of each single cell, identify the battery with a voltage lower than the preset reference threshold, activate the pre-charge circuit, and charge the battery with a voltage lower than the preset reference threshold. Continuously monitor the battery voltage during the charging process until all batteries reach the voltage level range required for startup, then confirm that the battery pack voltage is balanced.

3. The high power density hydrogen fuel cell power management integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Monitor the changes of influencing parameters in real time and analyze them. Adjust the parameters of the fuel cell unit FCU accordingly based on the analysis results. Specifically: Increase the load of the fuel cell according to a preset rate, and extract the current, voltage and temperature data at the current time point when each preset rate is reached; The reference thresholds of current, voltage and temperature at each time point are preset according to the preset rate. If the current or voltage at a certain time point is lower than the corresponding preset reference threshold, the FCU gas supply adjustment instruction is triggered; Firstly, the difference between the corresponding current or voltage and the corresponding preset reference threshold is calculated, and the difference is recorded as the current difference or voltage difference; Preset the current difference value ranges and voltage difference value ranges corresponding to the current difference and the voltage difference, respectively, and set each current difference value range and each voltage difference value range to correspond to a group of air supply amounts; match the current difference and the voltage difference with the corresponding preset value ranges, respectively, to obtain the air supply amounts corresponding to the current difference and the voltage difference; If the current and voltage at a certain time point are both lower than the corresponding preset reference thresholds, the air supply amounts obtained by matching the current difference and the voltage difference are compared, and the higher value of the air supply amount is taken as the required air supply amount; Preset the pressure adjustment range corresponding to the required air supply range of each group, match the obtained required air supply with the preset required air supply range of each group, so as to obtain the pressure adjustment range corresponding to the time point, and adjust the pressure of the FCU air supply system based on the obtained pressure adjustment range.

4. The high power density hydrogen fuel cell power management integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Real-time monitoring of changes in influencing parameters and analysis, and adjustment of fuel cell unit FCU parameters based on the analysis results, including: If the temperature at a certain time point is higher than the corresponding preset reference threshold, the FCU cooling adjustment instruction is triggered; First, calculate the difference between the corresponding temperature and the corresponding preset reference threshold, and record the difference as the temperature difference; preset the temperature value ranges corresponding to each group of temperature values, and set each group of temperature value ranges to correspond to a cooling flow value; match the temperature difference with the corresponding preset temperature value ranges to obtain the cooling flow value corresponding to the current temperature difference; increase the flow of the FCU cooling system based on the obtained cooling flow value.

5. The high power density hydrogen fuel cell power management integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Monitor and analyze the changes of influencing parameters in real time, and adjust the parameters of the DCDC converter accordingly based on the analysis results, specifically: Real-time monitoring of the load increase state of the fuel cell, setting different load increase states to correspond to an output parameter adjustment range of the DCDC converter; wherein the output parameter adjustment range includes the adjustment of the output voltage and the output current; When the fuel cell increases its load at a preset rate, the output parameter adjustment range of the DCDC converter is adjusted according to the setting when the corresponding load increase state is reached.

6. The high power density hydrogen fuel cell power management integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating parameters during operation are collected in real time for analysis, and the first-level or second-level warning is triggered based on the analysis results. Specifically: The load of the fuel cell is increased according to a preset rate, and when each preset rate time point is reached, the voltage, current and temperature within the set time period before the arrival time point are extracted; according to the voltage, current and temperature at each time point within the set time period, the average values ​​are taken to obtain the voltage mean value, current mean value and temperature mean value within the set time period before the current arrival time point, and they are marked as da, db and dc respectively; The maximum allowable values ​​corresponding to the voltage average, current average and temperature average under each load increase state are preset respectively; According to the formula , weighted calculation is performed on the voltage mean da, current mean db and temperature mean dc in the set time period before the current arrival time point, so as to obtain the early warning evaluation index Yj in the set time period before the current arrival time point; wherein dr, dn and dg respectively represent the maximum allowable values ​​corresponding to the voltage mean, current mean and temperature mean under the corresponding load increase state, and h, u and p respectively represent the influence weight factors of the voltage mean da, current mean db and temperature mean dc; Extracting warning records from a pre-built database, and obtaining warning data of the hydrogen fuel cell under each load increase state according to the extracted warning records, the warning data being a set of warning evaluation indexes before the hydrogen fuel cell fails under the corresponding load increase state; Input the early warning evaluation index Yj within the set time period before the current arrival time point into the early warning evaluation index set under the corresponding load increase state. If the early warning evaluation index Yj is greater than or equal to a group of indexes in the early warning evaluation index set, a first-level early warning is directly generated; If the warning evaluation index Yj is smaller than each group of indexes in the warning evaluation index set, the minimum index is extracted from the warning evaluation index set, and the difference between the minimum index and the warning evaluation index Yj is calculated, which is recorded as the warning difference. If the warning difference is less than the preset minimum allowable difference, a secondary warning is directly generated.

7. The high power density hydrogen fuel cell power management integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The performance evaluation index of the hydrogen fuel cell during the startup process is obtained, specifically: Get the startup time of the current startup process. The startup time starts from the time when the startup program starts after receiving the pre-charging strategy completion signal and ends when the hydrogen fuel cell reaches a stable operating state. This time interval is used as the startup time of the current startup process. At the same time, the number of first-level warnings and second-level warnings in the current startup process are counted and marked as ry1 and ry2 respectively. The first-level warning number ry1 and the second-level warning number ry2 are weighted calculated using the preset formula (ry1+0.8)×w1+(ry2+1)×w2, so as to obtain the hidden danger assessment value of the hydrogen fuel cell in the current startup process; w1 and w2 are the influence weight factors of the first-level warning number ry1 and the second-level warning number ry2 respectively; Based on the startup time and hidden danger assessment value in the current startup process, the pre-built conversion rules are used for conversion; Preset the duration value ranges for each group of startup durations, and set each group of duration value ranges to correspond to a performance score; Match the startup duration in the current startup process with the preset value ranges of each group of durations, so as to obtain a performance score corresponding to the startup duration, and mark the group of performance scores as the startup score; Preset the range of each group of assessment values ​​corresponding to the hidden danger assessment value, and set each group of assessment value range to correspond to a performance score; Match the hidden danger assessment value in the current startup process with the preset assessment value ranges of each group, so as to obtain the performance score corresponding to the hidden danger assessment value, and mark the group of performance scores as stability scores; The weight coefficients corresponding to the preset startup score and stability score are respectively multiplied, and the startup score and stability score in the current startup process are multiplied by the corresponding preset weight coefficients, and then the sum is obtained to obtain the performance evaluation index in the current startup process.

8. The high power density hydrogen fuel cell power management integrated system according to claim 7, characterized in that: Combined with historical data, the performance values ​​of hydrogen fuel cells are further evaluated, as follows: Taking the current startup process as the demarcation point, extract the performance evaluation index corresponding to the nearly X startup processes before the demarcation point, X>5; The performance evaluation index of the current startup process is compared with the performance evaluation index corresponding to the last X startup processes one by one. If the performance evaluation index corresponding to a startup process is greater than the performance evaluation index of the current startup process, the difference between the two is calculated and recorded as the performance degradation value. If the performance evaluation index corresponding to a startup process is less than the performance evaluation index of the current startup process, the difference between the two is calculated and the absolute value is taken, which is recorded as the performance improvement value. The ratio of the performance increase value to the performance decrease value, ie, the performance increase value / performance decrease value, is calculated to obtain the performance value of the hydrogen fuel cell.

Images