Antenna device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The present application provides an antenna device and an electronic device. The antenna device includes: a circuit board; a first antenna, which is an inverted F antenna, and includes a feed end and a ground end extending outward from the circuit board, and an antenna conductor connected to the feed end and the ground end; a second antenna, which is an antenna based on a split ring resonator, and includes a first branch, a second branch, a third branch, and a fourth branch, wherein the first branch and the second branch extend outward from the circuit board, and the gap between the third branch and the fourth branch forms the opening portion of the split ring resonator; wherein the ground end of the first antenna and the first branch are the same radiator. The antenna device and electronic device provided by the above scheme reduce the size of the antenna device and improve the isolation of the antenna device by utilizing the first antenna and the second antenna to form a common radiator antenna, and using the ground end of the first antenna as part of the radiator of the second antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna device and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of technology, electronic devices with communication functions, such as mobile phones, are becoming increasingly popular in people's daily lives and their functions are becoming more and more powerful. To achieve the miniaturization of electronic devices, related technologies can use common radiator antennas to reduce antenna size.

[0003] However, the design of the co-radiator antenna adopted in the related art still has the problems of large size of the co-radiator antenna and poor isolation between the co-radiator antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application are directed to providing an antenna device and an electronic device to reduce the size of co-radiator antennas and improve the isolation between co-radiator antennas.

[0005] In a first aspect, an antenna device is provided, comprising: a circuit board; a first antenna, the first antenna being an inverted-F antenna, the first antenna comprising a feed end and a ground end extending outward from the circuit board, and an antenna conductor connected to the feed end and the ground end; a second antenna, the second antenna being an antenna based on a split ring resonator, the second antenna comprising a first branch, a second branch, a third branch, and a fourth branch, the first branch and the second branch extending outward from the circuit board, and the gap between the third branch and the fourth branch forming an opening portion of the split ring resonator; wherein the ground end of the first antenna and the first branch are the same radiator.

[0006] As a possible implementation manner, the antenna device further includes: a first capacitor, one end of the first capacitor is connected to the third branch, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the fourth branch.

[0007] As a possible implementation manner, the first capacitor is a variable capacitor.

[0008] As a possible implementation, the antenna device further includes: a tuning device, one end of the tuning device is connected to the end of the antenna conductor, and the other end of the tuning device is connected to the circuit board, and the tuning device is used to tune the first antenna.

[0009] As a possible implementation manner, the antenna device further includes: a first inductor connected in parallel with the first capacitor.

[0010] As a possible implementation, the antenna device also includes: a third antenna, the third antenna is an inverted F antenna, the third antenna includes a feeding end and a grounding end extending outward from the circuit board, and an antenna conductor connected to the feeding end of the third antenna and the grounding end of the third antenna; wherein the grounding end of the third antenna and the second branch are the same radiator.

[0011] As a possible implementation manner, the antenna conductor of the first antenna and the antenna conductor of the third antenna have different lengths.

[0012] As a possible implementation manner, the circuit board includes: a first groove, the first groove is located between the first branch and the second branch, and the circuit board provides feed source excitation to the second antenna through the first groove.

[0013] As a possible implementation manner, the first antenna and the second antenna have different operating frequencies.

[0014] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising the antenna device as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0015] This application uses a first antenna (inverted F antenna) and a second antenna (antenna based on an open ring resonator) to form a common radiator antenna, and uses the ground end of the first antenna as part of the radiator of the second antenna to reduce the size of the antenna device and improve the isolation of the antenna device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Figure 2 Shown is a current distribution diagram of the antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 3 Shown is an S-parameter diagram of the antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 4 FIG. 1 shows a simulated current distribution diagram of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 5 Shown is a simulated current distribution diagram of an antenna device provided by another embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 6 Shown is a diagram of the system efficiency of the antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 7 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 8 Shown is an S-parameter diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 9 Shown is a system efficiency diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 10 Shown is the radiation pattern of the antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 11 Shown is an S-parameter diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 12 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 13 Shown is an S-parameter diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 14 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 15 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 16 Shown is an S-parameter diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 17 Shown is an S-parameter diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 18 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 19 Shown is a simulated current distribution diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 20 Shown is a simulated current distribution diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 21 Shown is a simulated current distribution diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 22 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 23Shown is an S-parameter diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 24 Shown is a system efficiency diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Figure 25 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Figure 26 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Figure 27 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0044] The embodiments of the present application can be applied to scenarios where an antenna device in an electronic device receives and sends radio electromagnetic wave signals. For ease of understanding, the electronic device mentioned in the embodiments of the present application is first introduced in detail.

[0045] The electronic devices mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be any type of electronic device with wireless communication capabilities. For example, the electronic device may be a portable mobile terminal or a handheld mobile terminal. As a specific example, the electronic device may be a mobile phone, a mobile phone or a smart phone, a portable gaming device, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable internet device, a music player, or a data storage device.

[0046] To make electronic devices more compact, common radiator antennas are often used to save internal space. Multiple antennas sharing a common radiator refers to multiple antennas using a single radiator (such as an antenna mount, circuit board, or radome) as their radiation source. Through proper design and adjustment, multiple antennas can operate on the same radiator, thereby reducing space usage, simplifying the antenna system structure, and improving antenna system performance.

[0047] Currently used antenna devices generally do not specify antenna type. For example, a common radiator antenna can be a monopole antenna. A monopole antenna consists of a single conductor, one end of which is fixed to the ground or another support, and the other end serves as the radiating element. Monopole antennas are easy to manufacture and install, are low-cost, and are suitable for short-range communications and low-frequency signal transmission. However, they have relatively low radiation efficiency, require a large space for installation, and are easily affected by the surrounding environment, resulting in unstable signal quality.

[0048] For another example, the antenna of the co-radiator can be an inverted-F antenna (IFA). The inverted-F antenna is an antenna based on microstrip line technology and operates in a quarter-wavelength mode. Its shape is similar to the letter "F", but unlike the traditional F-shaped antenna, the inverted-F antenna folds the upper half of the antenna in the opposite direction to form an inverted "L" shape, so it is called an inverted-F antenna. The inverted-F antenna has broadband characteristics and can cover multiple frequency bands. The inverted-F antenna can be embedded in a simple printed circuit board (PCB) to form an integrated antenna, which is low in cost. In addition, the inverted-F antenna can be used in a variety of applications such as mobile phones, wireless local area networks (wireless fidelity, Wi-Fi), Bluetooth (bluetooth, BT), global positioning systems (global positioning system, GPS), etc.

[0049] However, current designs generally use the same type of co-radiator antennas, for example, two monopole co-radiator antennas, or two inverted F co-radiator antennas. On the one hand, the antenna devices used in the related art, even if there is a structure that utilizes a co-radiator, each antenna still operates in a quarter-wavelength or even half-wavelength mode, and the size is still relatively large, which cannot maximize the use of the entire machine space. On the other hand, because the co-radiator antennas used in the related art are of the same type, they usually operate in similar frequency bands. Therefore, when working, the isolation between these antennas is poor, resulting in a high degree of current coupling between the antennas. In order to solve the problem of current coupling, measures such as filtering circuits need to be added, making the circuit structure more complicated.

[0050] As a possible implementation method, the relevant technology can adopt the left-handed mode to achieve the miniaturization of the antenna device, that is, using the rotational symmetry of the electromagnetic field to rotate the electromagnetic wave into a left-handed spiral wave. This electromagnetic wave has a very special polarization mode and can be received or transmitted by a very small antenna, thereby achieving the miniaturization of the antenna device.

[0051] However, although the left-handed antenna used in related technologies can reduce the antenna length to about one-eighth of the wavelength, it often has low working efficiency and is difficult to further miniaturize.

[0052] In response to the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna device, including a circuit board, a first antenna (an inverted F antenna) and a second antenna (an antenna based on an open ring resonator). The first antenna and the second antenna are used to form a common radiator antenna, and the ground end of the first antenna is used as part of the radiator of the second antenna to reduce the size of the antenna device and improve the isolation of the antenna device.

[0053] See also Figure 1 The specific structure of the antenna device is as follows: the antenna device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a circuit board 11, a first antenna 12 and a second antenna 13.

[0054] The circuit board 11 can serve as the basic structure of the antenna, in which the antenna is fixed. The circuit board 11 can be used to control the antenna device, such as controlling the antenna device to send and receive signals, adjusting the signals sent and received by the antenna device, etc. In some embodiments, the circuit board 11 can also provide support and fixation for the antenna device. In addition, the circuit board 11 can also serve as the radiation surface and receiving surface of the antenna to enhance the transmission capability of the antenna. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the circuit board 11. For example, the circuit board 11 can be a flexible printed circuit (FPC), a laser direct structuring (LDS) circuit board, a print direct structuring (PDS) circuit board, and a printed circuit board (PCB).

[0055] As a more specific example, in the embodiment of the present application, the circuit board 11 can be a PCB. PCB has the advantages of high precision, space saving, and low cost. Embedding the antenna in the PCB can not only ensure the stability and reliability of the circuit board 11, save the internal space of the antenna device 100, but also save costs.

[0056] Furthermore, the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific type of the first antenna 12. For example, the first antenna 12 may be an inverted-F antenna or an antenna based on a split ring resonator (SRR). As a more specific example, the first antenna 12 in the embodiments of the present application is an inverted-F antenna, which can cover multiple communication frequency bands and is widely used in electronic devices such as mobile phones.

[0057] The embodiment of the present application is described by taking the first antenna 12 as an inverted F antenna as an example, but the first antenna 12 can also be an antenna other than the inverted F antenna. For example, the first antenna 12 can be an antenna based on SSR. Figure 1 The first antenna 12 shown in the figure is an inverted F antenna, which includes a feed end 122 and a ground end 124 extending outward from the circuit board 11, and an antenna conductor 123 connected to the feed end 122 and the ground end 124. The feed end 122 of the first antenna 12 extends outward from the circuit board 11 and is used to transmit the received signal to the circuit board 11 for subsequent signal processing and data transmission. The ground end 124 of the first antenna 12 is connected to the ground to provide an effective ground reference point for the first antenna 12 to ensure the stability and reliability of the operation of the first antenna 12 and protect electronic equipment from lightning strikes and electrostatic interference. The antenna conductor 123 of the first antenna 12 is connected to the feed end 122 and the ground end 124 of the first antenna 12, and mainly plays the role of conducting and radiating electromagnetic waves. The feed end 122, the ground end 124 and the antenna conductor 123 in the first antenna 12 work together to realize the function of signal transmission.

[0058] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific type of the second antenna 13. For example Figure 1 The second antenna 13 in the embodiment can be an inverted-F antenna or an SRR-based antenna. As a more specific example, in the embodiments of the present application, the second antenna 13 is an SRR-based antenna. An SRR-based antenna is a microstrip antenna characterized by a wide operating frequency band, making it particularly suitable for broadband communication systems. It has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and integrate, and has good directivity and polarization characteristics. The SRR antenna also has good radiation efficiency and impedance matching performance, and can operate in various media and environments. It also has certain anti-interference capabilities and reliability, which can meet the needs of different applications.

[0059] The embodiment of the present application is described by taking the second antenna 13 as an SRR-based antenna as an example, but the second antenna 13 can also be an antenna other than an SRR-based antenna, for example, an inverted F antenna. Figure 1 , Figure 1The second antenna 13 shown in the figure is an SRR-based antenna, which includes a first branch 131, a second branch 132, a third branch 133, and a fourth branch 134. The first branch 131 and the second branch 132 extend outward from the circuit board 11, and the gap between the third branch 133 and the fourth branch 134 forms the opening portion of the split ring resonator. The first branch 131 and the second branch 132 extend outward from the circuit board 11 to realize the function of signal transmission. The gap formed between the third branch 133 and the fourth branch 134 serves as the opening portion of the split ring resonator, and the split ring structure is used to realize the radiation and reception of electromagnetic waves.

[0060] In this embodiment of the present application, the ground terminal 124 of the first antenna 12 and the first branch 131 of the second antenna 13 serve as a common radiator for receiving or transmitting electromagnetic waves, thereby achieving a common antenna structure. The antenna device 100 provided in this embodiment of the present application utilizes a common radiator for the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13, effectively avoiding the problems associated with related technologies, improving the isolation of the antenna device 100, and further miniaturizing the antenna device 100 while maintaining high operating efficiency.

[0061] It should be noted that the antenna device in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented using different types of antennas (for example, two different types of antennas) sharing a common radiator. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the different types of antennas in the common radiator antenna. For example, the different types of antennas can be an inverted-F antenna and an SRR-based antenna. As a more specific example, in the embodiments of the present application, the first antenna is an inverted-F antenna and the second antenna is an SRR-based antenna.

[0062] It should be understood that Figure 1 This is only a simplified diagram of the antenna device 100. The actual antenna device 100 may also include Figure 1 The components shown are more than those shown, or the actual antenna device 100 may also include more than Figure 1 Fewer devices are shown.

[0063] In some embodiments, a first feeding point 121 is further provided at one end of the feeding end 122 of the first antenna facing outside the circuit board 11. When the antenna device is working, the first feeding point 121 can provide feed source excitation to the first antenna.

[0064] In some embodiments, the circuit board 11 may further include a first groove 136, which is located between the first branch 131 and the second branch 132. A second feeding point 135 is provided at the opening of the first groove 131. The circuit board 11 provides feed excitation to the second antenna 13 through the first groove 131. The second antenna 13 is fed with feed excitation at the opening of the first groove 136 of the circuit board 11. Compared with the traditional method of exciting the antenna at the open end of the second antenna 13, exciting the antenna at the opening of the first groove 136 of the circuit board 11 is simpler to implement, further simplifies the device, and saves costs.

[0065] like Figure 2 The figure shows the current distribution diagram of the antenna device 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application when it is working. It can be seen that the first feeding point 121 of the first antenna 12 is the top of the feeding end 122 extending outward from the circuit board 11. The current is emitted from the first feeding point 121 and moves along the direction of the antenna conductor 123 of the first antenna. The current of the second antenna 13 can flow out from the feed source, flow along the direction of the second antenna branch, and finally return to the feed source. Take the second feeding point 135 at the opening of the first groove 136 as an example. Figure 2 It can be seen from the current direction of the second antenna 13 that the current of the second antenna 13 flows out from the second feeding point 135 , flows along the direction of the first branch 131 - the third branch 133 - the fourth branch 134 - the second branch 132 , and is finally input into the opening of the first groove 136 .

[0066] In the antenna device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application, since the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are different types of antennas, the two antennas can operate in different frequency bands, thereby improving the isolation of the antenna device 100. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the operating frequency bands of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13. For example, the first antenna 12 can operate in the B41 / n41 frequency band or the B40 / n40 frequency band, and the second antenna 13 can operate in the n78 frequency band. As a more specific example, in the embodiment of the present application, the first antenna 12 operates in the B41 / n41 frequency band, and the second antenna 13 operates in the n78 frequency band. Because the two antennas operate in different frequency bands and have a large difference in operating frequencies, the isolation between the two antennas is very high during operation, effectively preventing mutual interference.

[0067] For further information, see Figure 3 S-Parameters curve. S parameters are used to describe the transmission and reflection of signals in the antenna, including loss coefficient, isolation coefficient, etc. Figure 3 In the figure, the X-axis represents the frequency of the antenna operation, in gigahertz (GHz); the Y-axis represents the power of the signal, in decibels (dB). Figure 3 As shown in the embodiment of the present application, S1,1 is the return loss curve of the first antenna 12, S2,2 is the return loss curve of the second antenna 13, and S2,1 is the isolation curve between the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13. Figure 3 As can be seen from curves S1,1 and S2,2, first antenna 12 operates at approximately 2.5 GHz, while second antenna 13 operates at approximately 3.5 GHz. Furthermore, curve S2,1 shows that the isolation between the two antennas is -17 dB at 2.5 GHz and reaches -37 dB at 3.5 GHz. Therefore, the isolation between the two antennas is very high.

[0068] For further information, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The simulated current distribution diagram of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, it can be seen that when the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are working, the distribution law of the current is the same as Figure 2 The current shown in the figure is consistent. Figure 4 The simulated current distribution of the first antenna 12 when it is working is shown. When the first antenna 12 is excited, the current moves along the direction of the feed end 122 and the antenna conductor 123. At this time, it can be seen that the current coupled out of the second antenna 13 is very weak, so the first antenna 12 has little effect on the second antenna 13 when it is working. Figure 5 When second antenna 13 is excited, current flows along the direction of first branch 131, third branch 133, fourth branch 134, and second branch 132. At this point, the current coupled out of first antenna 12 is also very weak, indicating that the second antenna 13 has little effect on the first antenna 12 during operation. This further demonstrates that first antenna 12 and second antenna 13 have high isolation and virtually no mutual influence during operation.

[0069] Furthermore, in order to verify the working efficiency of the antenna device 100, Figure 6 The total system efficiency (system total efficiency) when the two antennas are working is given in . Figure 6 In the figure, the X-axis represents the frequency of the antenna, in GHz; the Y-axis represents the efficiency of the signal, in dB. Figure 6As can be seen from curve S31, when operating at 2.5 GHz, the first antenna 12 reaches its highest efficiency, approximately 0 dB, or approximately 100%. Curve S32 shows that when operating at 3.5 GHz, the second antenna 13 also reaches its highest efficiency, approximately 0 dB, or approximately 100%. Therefore, it can be seen that both antennas achieve high efficiency when operating in their respective operating frequency bands.

[0070] In order to make the antenna work in more frequency bands, such as Figure 7 As shown, the antenna device in the embodiment of the present application further includes a first capacitor C1, one end of which is connected to the third branch 133 of the second antenna 13, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the fourth branch 134 of the second antenna 13. The second antenna 13 in the embodiment of the present application operates in the resonant mode of the split ring resonator. A capacitor C1 can be connected in parallel to the open end of the antenna branch. Since the resonant frequency of the split ring resonator is mainly determined by the size of the equivalent capacitance value, the operating frequency of the antenna can be changed by changing the size of the capacitance value.

[0071] Furthermore, since the operating frequency of the second antenna 13 can be changed by changing the capacitance value of the open end, the second antenna 13 is not limited by the size of the antenna. When the size is very small, the antenna operating frequency can be controlled by using a large capacitor to achieve a low-frequency operation state. The size of the second antenna 13 is small enough, for example, it can be much smaller than a quarter wavelength, such as Figure 8 The S parameter diagram of the second antenna 13 is shown. Under this size, by adjusting the capacitance value of the open end of the second antenna 13, an antenna can be obtained that works in the lower frequency band of GPS L1 (global positioning system L1, GPS L1) with an operating frequency of 1.57542 GHz. Its working efficiency can be seen in Figure 9 It can be seen that, in this case, the working efficiency of the second antenna 13 is still relatively high.

[0072] When the antenna is smaller in size, it can work in a lower frequency band by using a larger capacitor. In order to ensure that the antenna can still achieve a high radiation efficiency and have good signal reception capability in this state, the embodiment of the present application can observe the signal reception of the first antenna and / or the second antenna through the radiation pattern of the antenna. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the application device of the antenna device. For example, the application device can be an electronic device with communication function. As a more specific example, the application device can be a mobile phone. Figure 10The radiation pattern of the second antenna 13 in the mobile phone is shown. The second antenna 13 operates in the GPS L1 band at a frequency of 1.57542 GHz. It can be seen that when the second antenna 13 is placed in the middle of the phone, it can still capture 51% of the upper hemisphere signal. In this case, the system radiation efficiency is -2.688 dB, and the total system efficiency is -2.956 dB. This means that when the second antenna 13 is placed in the middle of the phone, it can capture 51% of the signal in the upper hemisphere area, providing good signal reception and transmission capabilities.

[0073] According to the above analysis, the antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application can further achieve miniaturization of the antenna device while ensuring working efficiency.

[0074] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the form of the first capacitor connected in series at the open end of the second antenna 13 . The capacitance value of the first capacitor connected in series at the open end can be adjusted to adjust the working efficiency of the second antenna 13 .

[0075] As a possible implementation method, in the embodiment of the present application, the capacitor connected in series with the open end of the second antenna 13 may be an equivalent capacitor C.

[0076] The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the implementation method of how to change the capacitance size of the equivalent capacitor C. For example, considering that the opening size of the second antenna and / or the relative area size of the opening end may affect the capacitance size of the equivalent capacitor C, the capacitance size of the equivalent capacitor C can be changed by changing the opening size of the second antenna and / or the relative area size of the opening end.

[0077] like Figure 11 As shown, the equivalent capacitance is different ( Figure 11 The operating frequency variation curve of the second antenna 13 is shown in FIG. 1 , where C1 / C2 / C3 are different equivalent capacitance values, where C1>C2>C3. Figure 11 As can be seen from FIG, as the equivalent capacitance decreases, the operating frequency of the second antenna 13 corresponding to the equivalent capacitance gradually increases. In other words, the larger the capacitance value, the smaller the operating frequency of the antenna.

[0078] As another possible implementation, in the embodiment of the present application, the first capacitor connected in series with the open end of the second antenna 13 can be a tunable device. For example, the tunable device can be a switch or a variable capacitor. As a more specific example, the first capacitor provided in the embodiment of the present application can be a variable capacitor. Figure 12As shown, a variable capacitor C2 can be connected in series to the open end of the second antenna 13. In this implementation, the variable capacitor C2 can change its capacitance by changing its own voltage, electric field, and other conditions. This is not only convenient to operate, but also allows for multi-band tuning coverage by changing multiple capacitance values, further improving the communication performance of the antenna device.

[0079] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the tuning method of the first antenna 12. For example, the first antenna 12 can adjust its operating frequency by changing its own physical length, or the first antenna 12 can adjust its own operating frequency by setting a tunable device.

[0080] As a possible implementation method, the operating frequency of the first antenna 12 in the embodiment of the present application can be determined by the length of the antenna. It should be understood that the first antenna 12 can adjust its own operating frequency by changing the length of the antenna, that is, by changing the length of the conductor in the first antenna 12. Taking the first antenna operating in a quarter-wavelength resonant mode as an example, the antenna lengths L1, L2 and L3 are different, and L1>L2>L3. Figure 13 The figure shows the operating efficiency of the antenna at three different lengths: L1, L2, and L3. The trend of the curve shows that the operating frequency of the first antenna 12 with a length of L1 is lower than that of the first antenna 12 with a length of L2, and the operating frequency of the first antenna 12 with a length of L2 is lower than that of the first antenna 12 with a length of L3. Therefore, the longer the first antenna 12, the lower its operating frequency. Antennas with different operating frequencies can be achieved by adjusting the antenna length. This implementation method is simple to operate and has a simple structure. Adjustment can be achieved without the need for additional components, further simplifying the structure of the antenna device.

[0081] As another possible implementation, Figure 14 As shown, the antenna device in this embodiment of the present application further includes a tuning device 126. One end of the tuning device 126 is connected to the end of the antenna conductor 123 of the first antenna 12, and the other end of the tuning device 126 is connected to the circuit board 11. The tuning device 126 is used to tune the first antenna 12. This embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of tuning device 126 of the first antenna 12. For example, the tuning device 126 can be a switching device or an adjustable capacitor. The tuning device 126 can adjust the first antenna 12 to operate over a wider range of frequencies. This implementation is simple to operate and increases the flexibility of the antenna device.

[0082] In some embodiments, the embodiments of the present application can tune the first antenna and the second antenna simultaneously to achieve independent tuning between the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0083] The embodiments of this application do not limit the tuning methods of the first and second antennas. In some embodiments, the first and second antennas can use the same tuning method, for example, both using variable capacitors for tuning. In some embodiments, the first and second antennas can use different tuning methods, for example, the first antenna can be tuned using a switch device, while the second antenna can be tuned by changing the capacitance of a variable capacitor connected in series with an open end.

[0084] Furthermore, the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 in the embodiment of the present application can be tuned independently. Since the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 operate at different frequencies, adjusting the frequency of one antenna will not affect the other antenna.

[0085] The present embodiment does not limit the tuning method of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13. For example, in the present embodiment, the first antenna 12 can be tuned by changing its own length, or a tuning device can be added to the end of the first antenna 12 for tuning. As a more specific example, taking the tuning method of the first antenna 12 as adjusting its own length as an example, see Figure 13 As can be seen, when first antenna 13 changes its length to L1, L2, and L3, the operating frequency of second antenna 12 is barely affected, remaining around 3.5 GHz. Therefore, tuning first antenna 13 does not change the operating frequency of second antenna 12, allowing the two antennas to be tuned independently.

[0086] Similarly, when the second antenna 13 is tuned, the frequency of the first antenna 12 is almost unaffected. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the tuning method of the second antenna 13. For example, the second antenna 13 can change the operating frequency by changing the equivalent capacitance value of the open end, or the second antenna 13 can change its own operating frequency by adjusting the variable capacitance of the open end. As a more specific example, taking the tuning method of the second antenna 13 as changing the equivalent capacitance value of the open end as an example, Figure 11 As shown, it can be seen that when the second antenna 13 changes the capacitance values ​​C1, C2, and C3, the operating frequency of the first antenna 12 is also almost unaffected, as shown by S1,1(C1), S1,1(C2), and S1,1(C3), and is still around 2.5 GHz.

[0087] As shown in the above figures and analyzed, the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 can be independently tuned. When the two antennas adjust their own operating frequencies, they will not affect the operating frequencies of the other antennas. Therefore, the antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application further improves the isolation of the antennas, reduces the coupling between the antenna circuits, and improves the stability and reliability of the antenna device.

[0088] In some embodiments, as Figure 15 As shown, the antenna device in the embodiment of the present application may further include a first inductor L5 connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1 to form a capacitor-inductor parallel circuit. When capacitor C1 and inductor L5 are connected in parallel, a resonant circuit is formed. By changing the value of capacitor C1 to change the resonant frequency, the operating frequency of the antenna can be adjusted, allowing the antenna's operating frequency to vary over a wider range, thereby further improving isolation between the antennas.

[0089] Taking the common radiator antenna including three antennas as an example (the specific structure of the common radiator including three antennas can be found in the following introduction, which will not be repeated here), the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna, and the isolation between the second antenna and the third antenna are further improved. Figure 16 Taking the S-parameter diagram of the antenna device with three antennas as an example, it can be seen from the curve S2,1 that the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna is reduced to below -20dB. Similarly, the isolation between the second antenna and the third antenna is also reduced to below -20dB. Compared with the antenna device without a parallel circuit of capacitors and inductors, the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna, and the isolation between the second antenna and the third antenna are further improved. Among them, the S-parameter diagram of the antenna device without a parallel circuit of capacitors and inductors can be seen in Figure 17 ,like Figure 17 As shown, in curve S2,1, the isolation between the two antennas is below -12dB when operating in the 2.5GHz frequency band.

[0090] It should be noted that the antenna device provided in the embodiments of the present application does not limit the number of antennas. While the preceding description uses a common radiator antenna including two antennas as an example, the number of antennas in the antenna device provided in the embodiments of the present application can be greater than two (e.g., three, four, etc.). Other examples of the antenna device provided in the embodiments of the present application are provided below, using a common radiator antenna including three antennas as an example.

[0091] For example, the antenna device may be a device with three antennas sharing a radiator. That is, the antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include a third antenna, which forms a common radiator antenna with the first antenna and the second antenna mentioned above.

[0092] In some embodiments, the third antenna may be of the same type as the first antenna. For example, the third antenna and the first antenna may both be inverted-F antennas, or both may be SRR-based antennas. The following describes the antenna apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application, taking the case where both the third antenna and the first antenna are inverted-F antennas as an example.

[0093] The third antenna can be an inverted F antenna, which includes a feeding end and a grounding end extending outward from the circuit board, and an antenna conductor connected to the feeding end of the third antenna and the grounding end of the third antenna; wherein the grounding end of the third antenna and the second branch are the same radiator.

[0094] The specific structure of the three-wire antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: Figure 18 As shown, it includes a circuit board 20, a first antenna 21, a second antenna 22 and a third antenna 23. The present application does not limit the circuit board 20 of the three-wire antenna device. For example, the circuit board 20 can be a flexible circuit board, a laser direct forming circuit board and a printed direct forming circuit board. As a more specific example, in the embodiment of the present application, the circuit board 20 can be a printed circuit board. Figure 18 As can be seen from the figure, the first antenna 21 includes a feeding end 212, a feeding point 211 and a grounding end 214 extending outward from the circuit board 20, and an antenna conductor 213 connected to the feeding end 212 and the grounding end 214; the second antenna 22 includes a first branch 221, a second branch 222, a third branch 223 and a fourth branch 224, the first branch 221 and the second branch 222 extend outward from the circuit board 20, and the gap between the third branch 223 and the fourth branch 224 forms the opening part of the open ring resonator; the third antenna 23 includes a feeding end 232 and a grounding end 234 extending outward from the circuit board 20, and an antenna conductor 233 connected to the feeding end 232, the feeding point 231 and the grounding end 234 of the third antenna 23. It can be seen that the ground terminal 214 of the first antenna 21 and the first branch 221 of the second antenna 22 are the same radiator, and the ground terminal 234 of the third antenna 23 and the second branch 222 of the second antenna 22 are the same radiator. This antenna device with three wires sharing a common radiator not only increases the communication range but also further reduces the size of the antenna device, achieving miniaturization of the antenna device.

[0095] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the frequency bands in which the three antennas operate. For example, the first antenna 21 can operate in the B41 / n41 frequency band or the B40 / n40 frequency band, the second antenna 22 can operate in the n78 frequency band, and the third antenna 23 can operate in the B41 / n41 frequency band or the B40 / n40 frequency band. As a more specific example, the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 in the embodiment of the present application operate in the B41 / n41 frequency band and can be applied to 5G new radio (NR) system mobile communications or 4G long-term evolution (LTE) system mobile communications, and the second antenna 22 operates in the n78 frequency band and can be applied to the global positioning system (GPS). The three antennas work together to enable the antenna device 200 to communicate in multiple frequency bands. Moreover, when the three antennas operate in their respective frequency bands, they can be applied to a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system. The MIMO system can use multiple antennas to transmit and receive data between the transmitting end and the receiving end. MIMO systems not only transmit more data, but also increase transmission rates and channel capacity, thereby improving the reliability and stability of data transmission. Therefore, a three-antenna system reduces the size of the device while increasing the operating frequency band, increasing the transmission speed and further effectively enhancing the device's communication capabilities.

[0096] When the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 operate in the B41 / n41 frequency band, and the second antenna 22 operates in the n78 frequency band, the S parameter curve of the antenna device is as follows: Figure 17 As shown. S1,1 is the return loss curve of the first antenna 21, S2,2 is the return loss curve of the second antenna 22, S2,1 is the isolation curve between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22, S3,1 is the isolation curve between the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23, S3,2 is the isolation curve between the second antenna 22 and the third antenna 23, and S3,3 is the return loss curve of the third antenna 23. Figure 17 It can be seen that when the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 operate in the B41 / n41 frequency band, the operating frequency is about 2.6 GHz and the loss is about -18 dB; when the second antenna 22 operates in the n78 frequency band, the operating frequency is about 3.5 GHz and the loss is about -20 dB. In addition, it can be seen from the isolation curve that the isolation between the first antenna 21 (the third antenna 23) and the second antenna 22 in the B41 / n41 frequency band is below -12 dB, and the isolation in the n78 frequency band is below -20 dB, which is relatively high. Therefore, the three-wire antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application can improve the isolation of the antenna operation.

[0097] For further information, see Figure 19 、 Figure 20 、 Figure 21 , which are respectively the simulated current distribution diagrams when the first antenna 21 is excited, the second antenna 22 is excited, and the third antenna 23 is excited. The operating frequencies of the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 are 2.6 GHz, and the operating frequency of the second antenna 22 is 3.5 GHz. Figure 19 As shown in FIG, when the first antenna 21 is excited by the feed source, there is almost no coupled current on the second antenna 22 and the third antenna 23. Figure 20 As shown in FIG, when the feed source excitation is provided to the second antenna 22, there is almost no coupled current on the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23, which means that when the second antenna 22 is working, the impact on the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 is also very small. Figure 21 As shown, when the third antenna 23 is operating, it has almost no effect on the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22. The three simulated current distribution diagrams further illustrate that the three-wire antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present application has high isolation. The three antennas do not affect each other during operation, which improves the stability and reliability of the antenna device.

[0098] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present application, the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 can operate at different operating frequencies, thereby covering more communication frequency bands and further improving communication performance. The present application does not limit the tuning method of the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23. For example, the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 can change the operating frequency by adjusting their own length, or the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 can change the operating frequency by setting a tuning device at the end of the conductor. As a more specific example, in the antenna device in the embodiment of the present application, the antenna conductor 213 of the first antenna 21 and the antenna conductor 233 of the third antenna 23 can be set to different lengths so as to operate at different frequencies. As can be seen from the properties of the first antenna 21 (third antenna 23) described above, the first antenna 21 (third antenna 23) can change the operating frequency by changing the length of its own conductor. When the length of the antenna is longer, the frequency of the antenna operation is lower.

[0099] Figure 22 The first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 have different lengths L1 and L2, and the three-wire structure is shown in FIG. In this case, the first antenna 21 can operate in the B41 / n41 frequency band, the second antenna 22 can operate in the n78 frequency band, and the third antenna 23 can operate in the B40 / n40 frequency band. The S parameter diagram of the structure is shown in FIG. Figure 23, S1,1 is the return loss curve of the first antenna 21, S2,2 is the return loss curve of the second antenna 22, S3,3 is the return loss curve of the third antenna 23, S2,1 is the isolation curve between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22, S3,2 is the isolation curve between the second antenna 22 and the third antenna 23, and S3,1 is the isolation curve between the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23. It can be seen that the operating frequency of the first antenna 21 is approximately 2.6GHz, the operating frequency of the second antenna 22 is approximately 3.5GHZ, and the operating frequency of the third antenna 23 is approximately 2.3GHz. It can be seen from the three isolation curves that when the three antennas operate in their respective frequency bands, the isolation is all below -12dB, which proves that the three-wire antenna device in the embodiment of the present application has high isolation and the antennas hardly interfere with each other when working.

[0100] Further, such as Figure 24 This is a graph showing the operating efficiency of three antennas in a coexistent configuration. S1 represents the operating efficiency curve for the first antenna 21, S2 represents the operating efficiency curve for the second antenna 22, and S3 represents the operating efficiency curve for the third antenna 23. It can be seen that when the three antennas operate in their respective frequency bands, their efficiency can all reach approximately 100%, or approximately 0 dB. This demonstrates that the three-wire coexistent antenna device provided in this embodiment of the present application enables the three antennas to achieve high radiation efficiency in their respective operating frequency bands.

[0101] It can be seen from the above illustrations and analysis that the three-wire antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application can realize the antenna device operating in three different communication frequency bands, because the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna can operate at different frequencies. For example, the antenna device can work together in different communication frequency bands of LTE / NR / GPS. This three-wire antenna device not only saves the stacking space of the antenna, making the antenna structure more compact, but also reduces the cost and manufacturing difficulty of the antenna device. At the same time, when the three antennas operate in different modes, the isolation is very high and there is no excessive coupling. Moreover, the antenna device with three antennas can still maintain high working efficiency while achieving miniaturization.

[0102] The following combination Figure 25 and 26 , two more specific examples of the antenna device provided in the embodiments of the present application are given. It should be noted that, Figure 25 and Figure 26 The examples shown are merely intended to help those skilled in the art understand the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application to the specific numerical values ​​or specific scenarios illustrated. Those skilled in the art can obviously make various equivalent modifications or variations based on the examples given below, and such modifications or variations also fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0103] See also Figure 25 The antenna device includes a circuit board 20, a first antenna 21, a second antenna 22 and a third antenna 23. The circuit board 20 is a printed circuit board. From left to right, they are the first antenna 21, the second antenna 22 and the third antenna 23. Figure 25 As can be seen from the figure, the first antenna 21 includes a feeding end 212 extending outward from the circuit board 20, a feeding point 211 and a grounding end 214, and an antenna conductor 213 connected to the feeding end 212 and the grounding end 214; the second antenna 22 includes a first branch 221, a second branch 222, a third branch 223 and a fourth branch 224, the first branch 221 and the second branch 222 extend outward from the circuit board 20, the gap between the third branch 223 and the fourth branch 224 forms the opening part of the split ring resonator, and the feeding point 225 provides feed source excitation to the second antenna 22 through the groove 226 on the circuit board 20; the third antenna 23 includes a feeding end 232 extending outward from the circuit board 20, a feeding point 231 and a grounding end 234, and an antenna conductor 233 connected to the feeding end 232 of the third antenna 23 and the grounding end 234 of the third antenna 23. It can be seen that the ground terminal 214 of the first antenna 21 and the first branch 221 of the second antenna 22 are the same radiator, and the ground terminal 234 of the third antenna 23 and the second branch 222 of the second antenna 22 are the same radiator.

[0104] Furthermore, the open end of the second antenna 23 is loaded with a capacitor and inductor parallel circuit. Not only can the operating frequency of the second antenna be changed by adjusting the size of the capacitor C6 in the circuit, but the structure with the added inductor L6 can further improve the isolation of the antenna device, making the operation of the antenna device more stable. Since the operating frequency of the second antenna 22 can be changed by changing the size of the capacitance value of the open end, the second antenna 22 is not limited by the size of the antenna. In the case of a very small size, the antenna operating frequency can be controlled by using a large capacitor to achieve the state of the antenna operating at a low frequency. It can be seen that Figure 25 The antenna device shown in the figure can realize miniaturization of the antenna device structure by making the second antenna work in a very small size.

[0105] At the same time, the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 can change their working efficiency by changing their own lengths.

[0106] Since the three antennas can operate in different frequency bands, high isolation can be achieved. During operation, one antenna will not be affected by other antennas, thus ensuring the working efficiency of each antenna.

[0107] Figure 26 and Figure 25The antenna device structures are basically similar, and the main difference between the two is the different tuning methods of the three antennas. Figure 26 In the embodiment, the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 can adjust the operating frequency by loading the switch devices 215 and 235 at the ends 213 and 233, and the second antenna 22 can adjust the operating frequency by loading the variable capacitor C4 at the open end. Figure 26 and Figure 25 The other structures and working processes of the antenna device are basically the same and will not be described in detail here for the sake of brevity.

[0108] Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 400 shown in the figure may include the antenna device provided in any of the above embodiments. The electronic device mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be any type of electronic device with wireless communication capabilities. For example, the electronic device may be a portable mobile terminal or a handheld mobile terminal. The electronic device 400 provided in the embodiments of the present application may implement wireless communication capabilities through the antenna device.

[0109] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A and B can be determined based on A. However, it should also be understood that determining B based on A does not mean determining B based solely on A, but B can also be determined based on A and / or other information.

[0110] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this document simply describes a relationship between related objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0111] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0112] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0113] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0114] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0115] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be read by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated therein. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a digital versatile disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (eg, a solid state disk (SSD)).

[0116] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that: include: circuit boards; a first antenna, the first antenna being an inverted-F antenna, the first antenna comprising a feeding end and a grounding end extending outward from the circuit board, and an antenna conductor connected to the feeding end and the grounding end; a second antenna, the second antenna being an antenna based on a split ring resonator, the second antenna comprising a first branch, a second branch, a third branch, and a fourth branch, the first branch and the second branch extending outward from the circuit board, and a gap between the third branch and the fourth branch forming an opening portion of the split ring resonator; The ground end of the first antenna and the first branch are the same radiator.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein The antenna device further comprises: A first capacitor, one end of the first capacitor is connected to the third branch, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the fourth branch.

3. The antenna device according to claim 2, wherein: The first capacitor is a variable capacitor.

4. The antenna device according to claim 3, wherein: The antenna device further comprises: A tuning device, one end of which is connected to the end of the antenna conductor, and the other end of which is connected to the circuit board, and the tuning device is used to tune the first antenna.

5. The antenna device according to claim 2, wherein: The antenna device further comprises: A first inductor is connected in parallel with the first capacitor.

6. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein The antenna device further comprises: a third antenna, the third antenna being an inverted-F antenna, the third antenna comprising a feeding end and a grounding end extending outward from the circuit board, and an antenna conductor connected to the feeding end of the third antenna and the grounding end of the third antenna; The ground end of the third antenna and the second branch are the same radiator.

7. The antenna device according to claim 6, wherein: The antenna conductor of the first antenna and the antenna conductor of the third antenna have different lengths.

8. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein The circuit board comprises: A first groove is located between the first branch and the second branch, and the circuit board provides feed source excitation to the second antenna through the first groove.

9. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein The first antenna and the second antenna have different operating frequencies.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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