Energy control system and energy collection method of piezoelectric vibration energy collection device

Abstract

The energy control system comprises an energy collection module, an energy storage module, an energy injection module and a single-chip microcomputer, the input end of the energy collection module is connected with the energy injection module and external excitation, and the output end of the energy collection module is connected with the energy storage module. A first switch S1 is arranged between the energy injection module and the energy collection module, a second switch S2 is arranged between the energy storage module and the energy injection module, and the energy collection module, the energy storage module, the energy injection module, the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are connected with the single-chip microcomputer. The invention further provides an energy collection method of the control system. According to the piezoelectric energy collection system, energy can be effectively managed and used while energy can be efficiently collected and stored, and the integration level and the overall collection efficiency of the piezoelectric energy collection system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy collection systems, and in particular relates to an energy control system and an energy collection method for a piezoelectric vibration energy collection device. Background Art

[0002] Piezoelectric energy harvesting systems can convert mechanical vibration energy in the environment into electrical energy, but it is often difficult to effectively manage and utilize this energy in a dynamically changing environment. This is because traditional piezoelectric energy harvesting systems can only obtain high output power near the resonant frequency, while actual environmental excitations generally have multi-directional, wide-bandwidth, and low-frequency nonlinear characteristics, resulting in the generally low efficiency of traditional piezoelectric energy harvesting systems in energy harvesting.

[0003] At present, the mainstream methods to improve the collection efficiency of piezoelectric energy harvesting systems mainly focus on the optimization design of structures and circuits. By introducing nonlinear stiffness structures, the system presents multi-stable characteristics and realizes low-frequency broadband vibration energy capture. However, the existence of multiple solution regions in nonlinear systems also makes it difficult for the system to move between high-energy wells and it is difficult to effectively utilize the broadband advantage. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides an energy control system and energy collection method for a piezoelectric vibration energy collection device. The purpose is that the system not only has the functions of piezoelectric energy collection and energy storage, but also has an energy injection function, so that the system can realize high-energy orbital motion in multiple solution zones and output a large-value voltage to obtain a higher output power, thereby maximizing the system collection efficiency and energy utilization rate.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the specific scheme of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The energy control system of a piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting device comprises an energy acquisition module, an energy storage module, an energy injection module and a single-chip microcomputer, wherein the input end of the energy acquisition module is respectively connected to the energy injection module and the external excitation, and the output end is connected to the energy storage module, a first switch S1 is arranged between the energy injection module and the energy acquisition module, a second switch S2 is arranged between the energy storage module and the energy injection module, the energy acquisition module, the energy storage module, the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer is a first chip U1, and the model is a Nuvoton ML51FB9AE low-power microcontroller.

[0007] Furthermore, the energy harvesting module includes a piezoelectric vibrator, an elastic base layer and a bistable system structure. The piezoelectric vibrator is connected to a single-chip microcomputer and is installed on the elastic base layer. The bistable system structure includes a first magnetic block, a second magnetic block, a third magnetic block and a fourth magnetic block. The first magnetic block is installed at the bottom of the elastic base layer and is located below the piezoelectric vibrator. The second magnetic block, the third magnetic block and the fourth magnetic block are installed below the first magnetic block.

[0008] Furthermore, the energy storage module includes a collection circuit module and a power supply module, the collection circuit module includes a synchronous charge extraction circuit module and a phase-locked loop control module, the synchronous charge extraction circuit module is connected to the phase-locked loop control module through the second NMOS tube Q2, the synchronous charge extraction circuit module is connected to the power supply module, and a third switch S3 is provided between the power supply module and the synchronous charge extraction circuit module, and the second NMOS tube Q2, the power supply module and the third switch S3 are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer.

[0009] Further, the energy injection module includes a SX1308 boost module, a seventh chip U7, a sixth NMOS tube Q6, a seventh resistor R7, a thirteenth resistor R13, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh NMOS tube Q7 and an optical coupler G1, the seventh chip U7 is an operational amplifier, model OP777, the VIN pin of the SX1308 boost module is connected to the output end of the seventh NMOS tube Q7, the input end of the seventh NMOS tube Q7 is connected to the energy storage module, the control end of the seventh NMOS tube Q7 is connected to the sixth network port P6, the VOUT pin of the SX1308 boost module is connected to the VCC pin of the seventh chip U7, the VCC pin of the seventh chip U7 and the VOUT pin of the SX1308 boost module are connected with an eighteenth capacitor C18, the seventh chip The VOUT pin of the chip U7 is respectively connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7 and the thirteenth resistor R13, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6, the -IN pin of the seventh chip U7 is connected between the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7, the output end of the sixth NMOS tube Q6 is connected to the other end of the sixth resistor R6 and grounded, the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected to the 5th pin of the optical coupler G1, the +IN pin of the seventh chip U7 is connected between the 5th pin of the optical coupler G1 and the thirteenth resistor R13, the 4th pin of the optical coupler G1 is connected to the energy collection module, the input end of the sixth NMOS tube Q6 is connected to the energy storage module, the control end of the sixth NMOS tube Q6 is connected to the 1st pin of the optical coupler G1 through the seventeenth network port P17, and the 2nd pin of the optical coupler G1 is grounded.

[0010] Further, the synchronous charge extraction circuit module includes a PLLcontrol network port, a Vin network port, a battery+ network port, an eighth network port P8, a ninth network port P9, a fourteenth network port P14, a twenty-eighth capacitor C28, a twenty-seventh capacitor C27, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a forty-first resistor R41, a forty-second resistor R42, a forty-third resistor R43, a forty-fourth resistor R44, a fourth diode D4, a fifth diode D5, a sixth diode D6, a first inductor L1, a second NMOS tube Q2, a third NMOS tube Q3, a ninth NMOS tube Q9, a fourteenth network port P14, The fifteenth network port P15 and the sixteenth network port P16, the energy collection module is respectively connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 through a rectifier bridge, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the second resistor R2, the eighth network port P8 is connected between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, one end of the first inductor L1 is respectively connected to the first resistor R1, the output end of the third NMOS tube Q3 and one end of the fifth diode D5, the control end of the third NMOS tube Q3 is connected to the sixteenth network port P16, the input end of the third NMOS tube Q3 is respectively connected to the input end of the ninth NMOS tube Q9, one end of the forty-third resistor R43 and one end of the twenty-seventh capacitor C27, the ninth The control end of the NMOS tube Q9 is connected to the fifteenth network port P15, the output end of the ninth NMOS tube Q9 is connected to one end of the sixth diode D6, the other end of the sixth diode D6 is connected to the battery + network port, the other end of the forty-third resistor R43 is connected to one end of the forty-fourth resistor R44, the other end of the forty-fourth resistor R44 is grounded, the forty-third resistor R43 and the forty-fourth resistor R44 are connected to the eleventh network port P11, the other end of the twenty-seventh capacitor C27 is grounded and connected to one end of the fourth diode D4, the other end of the fourth diode D4 is connected between the first inductor L1 and the second NMOS tube Q2, the fifth diode D5 is connected to one end of the twenty-eighth capacitor C28, and the second The other end of the eighteenth capacitor C28 is connected to the twenty-seventh capacitor C27, the Vin network port is connected between the fifth diode D5 and the twenty-eighth capacitor C28, one end of the forty-first resistor R41 is connected to the Vin network port, and the other end is connected to one end of the forty-second resistor R42, the other end of the forty-second resistor R42 is grounded, the ninth network port P9 is connected between the forty-first resistor R41 and the forty-second resistor R42, the other end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the input end of the second NMOS tube Q2, the output end of the second NMOS tube Q2 is connected to the second resistor R2, and the control end of the second NMOS tube Q2 is respectively connected to the PLLcontrol network port and the fourteenth network port P14.

[0011] Further, the phase-locked loop control module includes a second chip U2, a third chip U3, an eighth chip U8, a linear optocoupler G2, a ninth capacitor C9, a seventeenth capacitor C17, an eighteenth capacitor C18, a nineteenth capacitor C19, a twentieth capacitor C20, a twenty-first capacitor C21, a twenty-second capacitor C22, a twenty-third capacitor C23, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, a sixteenth resistor R16, a seventeenth resistor R17, an eighteenth resistor R18, a nineteenth resistor R19, a twentieth resistor R20, a twenty-first resistor R21, a thirty-first resistor R31, a thirty-second resistor R32, The thirty-third resistor R33, the third diode D3, the fourth diode D4 and the eighth transistor Q8, the second chip U2 is a dual-channel D-type rising edge trigger, the third chip U3 is a six-channel Schmitt trigger inverter, the eighth chip U8 is a four-channel low-power operational amplifier, the seventeenth resistor R17 and one end of the thirty-second resistor R32 are respectively connected to the power supply, the other end of the thirty-second resistor R32 is connected to one end of the thirty-third resistor R33, the other end of the thirty-third resistor R33 is grounded, the other end of the seventeenth resistor R17 is respectively connected to one end of the twenty-second capacitor C22, the 5 pins of the eighth chip U8 are connected between the seventeenth resistor R17 and the twenty-second capacitor C22, the other end of the twenty-second capacitor C22 is connected to one end of the eighteenth resistor R18, the eighteenth resistor R The other end of the 20th resistor R20 is connected to one end of the 19th resistor R19, the other end of the 19th resistor R19 is connected to one end of the 22nd capacitor C22, the other end of the 22nd capacitor C22 is connected to the 3rd pin of the 31st resistor R31, the 2nd pin of the 31st resistor R31 is grounded, and the 1st pin of the 31st resistor R31 is connected to the input end of the 8th transistor Q8. The output end, the input end of the eighth transistor Q8 is connected to the 1st pin of the linear optocoupler G2, the 2nd pin of the linear optocoupler G2 is connected between the 17th resistor R17 and the 32nd resistor R32, the 3rd pin of the linear optocoupler G2 is connected between the 17th resistor R17 and the 5th pin of the eighth chip U8, the 4th pin of the linear optocoupler G2 is connected to one end of the 16th resistor R16, the other end of the 16th resistor R16 is connected between the 22nd capacitor C22 and the 2nd pin of the 31st resistor R31, the 21st capacitor C21 is connected in parallel with the 3rd pin of the linear optocoupler G2 and the 16th resistor R16, the control end of the eighth transistor Q8 is connected between the 32nd resistor R32 and the 33rd resistor R33, one end of the 12th resistor R12 is connected to the control end of the eighth transistor Q8,The other end is connected to pin 1 of the eighth chip U8, one end of the nineteenth capacitor C19 is connected between the twelfth resistor R12 and the control end of the eighth transistor Q8, and the other end is respectively connected to the thirteenth resistor R13 and one end of the twentieth capacitor C20, the other ends of the thirteenth resistor R13 and the twentieth capacitor C20 are connected in series and grounded, one end of the seventeenth capacitor C17 is connected between the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 and pin 1 of the eighth chip U8, the other end of the seventeenth capacitor C17 is connected to one end of the tenth resistor R10, and the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is respectively connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8, pin 3 of the eighth chip U8 is connected between the tenth resistor R10 and the eighth resistor R8, the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to pin 5 of the second chip U2, pin 2 of the eighth chip U8 is connected to one end of the eleventh resistor R11, and the The other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to one end of the eighteenth capacitor C18, and the other end of the eighteenth capacitor C18 is grounded. One end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected between the 2 pins of the eighth chip U8 and the eleventh resistor R11, and the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is grounded. One end of the twenty-third resistor R23 is connected between the O7 pin of the eighth chip U8 and the 9 pin of the eighth chip U8, and the other end of the twenty-third resistor R23 is connected to one end of the twenty-third capacitor C23. The 10 pin of the eighth chip U8 is connected between the twenty-third resistor R23 and the twenty-third capacitor C23, and the other end of the twenty-third capacitor C23 is grounded. The 8 pin of the eighth chip U8 is connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor R14, and the other end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is respectively connected to the 5 pins of the third chip and one end of the ninth capacitor C9, and the other end of the ninth capacitor C9 is grounded. ,

[0012] Furthermore, the phase-locked loop control module also includes a fourth chip U4, a fifth chip U5, a sixth chip U6 and a fourth transistor Q4. The fourth chip U4 and the fifth chip U5 are both single-channel AND gates with model NL17SZ08DFT2G. The sixth chip U6 is a dual-channel D-type rising edge trigger with model SN74HCS74. Pin 1 of the fourth chip U4 is connected to pin 9 of the second chip U2, pin 2 of the fourth chip U4 is connected to pin 5 of the second chip U2, pin 4 of the fourth chip U4 is connected to pin 1 of the third chip U3, pin 1 of the fifth chip U5 is connected to pin 8 of the eighth chip U8, pin 2 of the fifth chip U5 is connected to pin 6 of the third chip U3, pin 3 of the sixth chip is connected to pin 7 of the eighth chip U8, pin 5 of the sixth chip is connected to pin 11 of the second chip U2, the input ends of the fourth transistor Q4 are respectively connected to pin 3 of the second chip U2, and the output end of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the energy collection module.

[0013] Furthermore, the external excitation is vibration caused by traffic vibration, wind, water flow or mechanical operation.

[0014] A piezoelectric energy harvesting method using the system comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1, collects the electrical energy generated by external excitation through the piezoelectric vibrator of the energy harvesting module;

[0016] S2, storing the collected electrical energy through an energy storage module;

[0017] S3, injecting the stored electrical energy into the piezoelectric vibrator through the energy injection module to achieve high-energy orbital vibration.

[0018] Advantages of the present invention

[0019] 1. The energy control system of the piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting device of the present invention uses a single-chip microcomputer as the core unit to realize the functions of collecting and processing the voltage information of the piezoelectric vibrator, switching control of the synchronous charge extraction circuit, voltage monitoring of the power module, and controlling the energy injection behavior. By adopting a piezoelectric vibrator composed of multiple bimorph piezoelectric sheets connected in series and a bistable structure constructed by four magnetic blocks, compared with the traditional two-magnetic block bistable, the four-magnetic block bistable mechanism of the present application has a lower potential barrier and a wider potential well, and a stronger low-frequency vibration response.

[0020] 2. The energy control system of the present invention controls the synchronous charge extraction circuit by setting up a phase-locked loop control module and a single-chip microcomputer in the collection circuit module of the energy storage module, so as to collect the electric energy generated by the energy collection module with less energy loss; the power supply module set by the energy storage module can store the electric energy of the energy collection module, and at the same time can provide a stable power supply for the main control single-chip microcomputer and the phase-locked loop synchronous switch control, and provide a reliable power supply for the boost module of the energy injection module.

[0021] 3. The energy injection module of the energy control system of the present invention uses a negative resistance device to apply voltage disturbances to the energy collection module. Since the piezoelectric vibrator has the characteristics of piezoelectric effect, a short excitation is applied to the mechanical structure through these voltage disturbances, which will apply instantaneous interference to the bistable vibrator in the equilibrium state, so that the balance of the piezoelectric vibrator in the vibration state in the well is broken, and the vibrator is prompted to jump from a small vibration in the well to a chaotic state orbit with a larger vibration amplitude or a vibration orbit between wells with a large vibration amplitude. This jump is electrically manifested as the output voltage of the piezoelectric vibrator, and the output voltage peak will be improved, thereby capturing more energy in the fixed excitation mechanical system. The present invention uses an operational amplifier to construct a negative impedance converter. According to the current operating requirements of the system, it actively manages the energy returned to the piezoelectric vibrator. The injection process is analyzed and controlled by the single-chip microcomputer in real time, which can evaluate the overall performance of the system and adjust the energy flow to ensure that the system operates within a higher output efficiency range.

[0022] 4. The energy control system of the present invention uses a frequency-synchronized phase-locked loop control module to ensure that the frequency of the electric energy generated by the piezoelectric vibrator is coordinated with the frequency requirements of the injected energy. This synchronization reduces the phase difference, minimizes the potential energy dissipation during the transmission process, and significantly improves the efficiency of energy flow between modules.

[0023] 5. Compared with the existing technology, the energy control system of the piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting device of the present invention has the functions of piezoelectric energy collection, storage and injection, and the present invention has a significant improvement in energy collection efficiency compared with the standard circuit. The synchronous switch control right of the synchronous charge extraction circuit in the present invention can be transferred to each other under the control of the phase-locked loop and the single-chip microcomputer, which improves the adaptability of the synchronous charge extraction circuit in different application scenarios and expands the application scenarios of the synchronous charge extraction circuit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a working principle diagram of the energy control system of the piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The complete circuit diagram of the energy control system.

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The energy harvesting module structure diagram in .

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Circuit diagram of the power module of the energy storage module.

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Circuit diagram of the synchronous charge extraction circuit of the energy storage module.

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Circuit diagram of the energy storage module; wherein, (a) is a schematic diagram of the integrated chip connection of the phase-locked loop control module; (b) is a circuit diagram of the phase-locked loop control module.

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Circuit diagram of the energy injection module in .

[0031] Figure 8 These are the energy injection experimental results of the system of the present invention.

[0032] Fig. 9 This is the collection power variation curve of the system of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure:

[0034] 1. PZT piezoelectric vibrator; 2. Brass sheet elastic base; 3. First magnetic block; 4. Second magnetic block; 5. Third magnetic block; 6. Fourth magnetic block; 100. Energy collection module; 200. Energy storage module; 300. Energy injection module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is further explained and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that this specific embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of rights of the present invention.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the energy control system of the piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting device provided in this specific embodiment includes an energy harvesting module 100, an energy storage module 200, an energy injection module 300 and a single-chip microcomputer.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the energy collection module 100 is used to convert external excitation into electrical energy; the external excitation is traffic vibration, wind, water flow or vibration generated by mechanical operation. The input end of the energy collection module 100 is connected to the energy injection module 300 and the external excitation respectively, and the output end is connected to the energy storage module 200. The energy storage module 100 is used to store the collected electrical energy and inject the stored electrical energy into the piezoelectric vibrator to promote it to enter the high-energy orbit vibration and improve the energy collection efficiency. A first switch S1 is provided between the energy injection module and the energy collection module, and a second switch S2 is provided between the energy storage module 200 and the energy injection module 300. The energy collection module 100, the energy storage module 200, the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer is the first chip U1, and the model is the Nuvoton ML51FB9AE low-power microcontroller.

[0038] like Figure 3As shown, the energy harvesting module 100 includes a piezoelectric vibrator 1, an elastic base layer 2 and a bistable system structure. The elastic base layer 2 is a brass sheet. The piezoelectric vibrator 1 is composed of two PZT piezoelectric sheets bonded by conductive silver glue. The piezoelectric vibrator 1 is connected to a single-chip microcomputer and is installed on the elastic base layer 2. The bistable system structure includes a first magnetic block 3, a second magnetic block 4, a third magnetic block 5 and a fourth magnetic block 6. The first magnetic block 3 is installed at the bottom end of the elastic base layer 2 and is located below the piezoelectric vibrator 1. The second magnetic block 4, the third magnetic block 5 and the fourth magnetic block 6 are installed below the first magnetic block 3. The first magnetic block, the second magnetic block, the third magnetic block and the fourth magnetic block form a four-magnetic block bistable system. After the frequency sweep test, it is found that the piezoelectric vibrator 1 used in this specific embodiment can output the highest voltage at 16.8Hz, and there are multiple solution areas in the two frequency bands of 6.4 to 12.1Hz and 12.8 to 17Hz, that is, within these two frequency ranges, the piezoelectric vibrator 1 can be in any of the three states of in-well, between-well, and chaotic vibration. When the excitation frequency is within these two frequency bands, the piezoelectric vibrator 1 can more easily jump from a low-energy orbit to a high-energy orbit.

[0039] The energy storage module 200 includes a collection circuit module and a power supply module. The power supply module can provide electrical energy for storing the energy collection module 100 , and can also provide a stable power supply for the main control microcontroller and the phase-locked loop synchronous switch control, and provide a reliable power supply for the boost module of the energy injection module 300 .

[0040] The collection circuit module includes a synchronous charge extraction circuit module (hereinafter referred to as SECE circuit module) and a phase-locked loop control module (hereinafter referred to as PLL control module), and the collection circuit module has two modes of controlling the SECE circuit module: the PLL control module and the single-chip microcomputer. The SECE circuit module is connected to the PLL control module through the second NMOS tube Q2, the SECE circuit module is connected to the power module, and a third switch S3 is provided between the power module and the SECE circuit module, the second switch S2 is connected between the power module and the SX1308 boost module, and the second NMOS tube Q2, the power module and the third switch S3 are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer. The collection circuit module controls the switch signal of the SECE circuit module through the PLL control module to realize energy collection.

[0041] The PLL control module is used for frequency synchronization between the collected energy and the injected energy. This synchronization ensures minimal phase lag and energy dissipation, which is critical to maximizing energy transfer efficiency. The PLL control module can also monitor system performance, adjust the charge and discharge cycle of the energy storage module, and adjust energy injection based on a detailed analysis of system performance and external load requirements. The frequency multiplication circuit of the PLL control module has a good clamping effect on the phase of the signal, and can output a frequency multiplication signal with a phase difference of zero with the original signal. The PLL control module is a low-frequency phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer, and the switch control of the SECE circuit module is very precise. The PLL control module acts as a startup module to control the SECE circuit module to start working and collect energy for the power module. After the voltage of the power module reaches the startup voltage of the first chip U1, 3.6V, the third switch S3 is cut off through the set program control, and the power supply of the PLL control module is cut off. The PWM wave with twice the vibration frequency of the piezoelectric film output by the first chip U1 takes over the switch control of the SECE circuit module to continue energy collection. The power module is an existing power module purchased on the market, and its circuit is an existing circuit connection relationship. The specific circuit diagram is as follows Figure 4As shown, it includes a power management chip LTC3588, a battery, a network port "Vin", a network port "battery+", a first network port P1, a third network interface P3, a seventh network interface P7, a tenth network interface P10, a thirty-first capacitor C31, a thirty-second capacitor C32, a thirty-third capacitor C33, a forty-first resistor R41, a forty-second resistor R42, a third inductor L3, and a first NMOS tube Q1. The VIN pin of the power management chip LTC3588 is connected to the twenty-eighth capacitor C28 of the SECE circuit module through the network label "Vin", and the D0 port and the D1 port are connected to the VIN2 terminal, that is, D0=D1=1, and the VOUT output voltage is 3.6V, which is used to increase the ADC sampling range of the first chip U1 and the conduction current of the MOS tube, reduce the boost time of the boost module, and is more conducive to the first chip U1 to monitor and control it. The chip output voltage is connected to the VREF and VDD pins of the first chip U1 through the seventh network interface P7 and the third network interface P3, and is connected to the VSS pin of the first chip U1 through the first network port P1. The capacitance values ​​of the thirty-first capacitor C31 and the thirty-second capacitor C32 determine the startup threshold of the undervoltage lockout function of the power management chip LTC3588 to control the DC-DC module. The thirty-first capacitor C31 is 1μF, the thirty-second capacitor C32 is 4.7μF, the third inductor L3 is 10μH, and the thirty-third capacitor C33 is 47μF. At this time, the startup threshold of the undervoltage lockout circuit is 5.1V and the shutdown threshold is 4.02V. If the voltage value of the twenty-eighth capacitor C28 is less than the shutdown threshold, the DC-DC module stops the charge transfer. The functions implemented by the power module of this embodiment are: providing power to the single-chip microcomputer, the PLL control module, and the SX1308 boost module to store piezoelectric energy. When the energy injection module 300 intervenes, the piezoelectric vibrator 1 enters the high-energy orbit and vibrates. The twenty-seventh capacitor C27 and the twenty-eighth capacitor C28 are used to collect electrical energy from the piezoelectric vibrator in the high-energy orbit response. When the twenty-eighth capacitor C28 is fully charged, the stored electrical energy is used to charge the battery.

[0042] Specifically, Figure 5As shown, the SECE circuit module includes a PLLcontrol network port, a Vin network port, a battery+network port, an eighth network port P8, a ninth network port P9, a fourteenth network port P14, a twenty-eighth capacitor C28, a twenty-seventh capacitor C27, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a forty-first resistor R41, a forty-second resistor R42, a forty-third resistor R43, a forty-fourth resistor R44, a fourth diode D4, a fifth diode D5, a sixth diode D6, a first inductor L1, a second NMOS tube Q2, a third NMOS tube Q3, a ninth NMOS tube Q9, the fourteenth network port P14, and the fifteenth The network port P15 and the sixteenth network port P16, the energy collection module is respectively connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 through a rectifier bridge, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the second resistor R2, the eighth network port P8 is connected between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, one end of the first inductor L1 is respectively connected to the first resistor R1, the output end of the third NMOS tube Q3 and one end of the fifth diode D5, the control end of the third NMOS tube Q3 is connected to the sixteenth network port P16, the input end of the third NMOS tube Q3 is respectively connected to the input end of the ninth NMOS tube Q9, one end of the forty-third resistor R43 and one end of the twenty-seventh capacitor C27, the ninth NMOS The control end of the OS tube Q9 is connected to the fifteenth network port P15, the output end of the ninth NMOS tube Q9 is connected to one end of the sixth diode D6, the other end of the sixth diode D6 is connected to the battery + network port, the other end of the forty-third resistor R43 is connected to one end of the forty-fourth resistor R44, the other end of the forty-fourth resistor R44 is grounded, the eleventh network port P11 is connected between the forty-third resistor R43 and the forty-fourth resistor R44, the other end of the twenty-seventh capacitor C27 is grounded and connected to one end of the fourth diode D4, the other end of the fourth diode D4 is connected between the first inductor L1 and the second NMOS tube Q2, the fifth diode D5 is connected to one end of the twenty-eighth capacitor C28, and the twenty-third resistor R43 is connected to one end of the fourth diode D4. The other end of the eighth capacitor C28 is connected to the twenty-seventh capacitor C27, the Vin network port is connected between the fifth diode D5 and the twenty-eighth capacitor C28, one end of the forty-first resistor R41 is connected to the Vin network port, and the other end is connected to one end of the forty-second resistor R42, the other end of the forty-second resistor R42 is grounded, the ninth network port P9 is connected between the forty-first resistor R41 and the forty-second resistor R42, the other end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the input end of the second NMOS tube Q2, the output end of the second NMOS tube Q2 is connected to the second resistor R2, and the control end of the second NMOS tube Q2 is respectively connected to the PLLcontrol network port and the fourteenth network port P14. When the collection circuit module is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator, the synchronous switch second NMOS tube Q2 of the SECE circuit module can be controlled by the PLL control circuit and the single-chip microcomputer respectively.When the voltage of the twenty-eighth capacitor C28 is less than the starting voltage threshold of the power management chip LTC3588 of the power module, the synchronous switch control signal is generated by the PLL control circuit. When the twenty-eighth capacitor C28 reaches the starting voltage threshold, the single-chip microcomputer takes over the control of the second NMOS tube Q2. The second NMOS tube Q2 of the synchronous switch is connected to the PLL control module and the single-chip microcomputer by the network port "PLLcontrol" and the fourteenth network port P14 respectively. Unlike the traditional SECE circuit, the SECE circuit module used in this embodiment uses a dual collection capacitor setting, in which the twenty-eighth capacitor C28 directly provides power to the energy management chip LTC3588, and the network port "Vin" connects the positive electrode of the twenty-eighth capacitor C28 to the VIN end of the power management chip LTC3588 chip module. The twenty-eighth capacitor C28 is taken as 470μF, the capacitor type is an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and the withstand voltage value is 25V. The main function of the twenty-seventh capacitor C27 is to output high power after the piezoelectric vibrator enters the high-energy orbit, and to supplement the collection capacitor when the voltage is low, to maintain the power supply of the single-chip microcomputer. Its capacitance value should be large and have a high withstand voltage value. The twenty-seventh capacitor C27 is 1000μF, the capacitor type is an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and the withstand voltage value is 25V. The size of the first inductor L1 is also an important factor affecting the collection efficiency of the SECE circuit module. In this specific embodiment, the value of the first inductor L1 is selected to be 10mH.

[0043] When the piezoelectric vibrator enters the high-energy orbit to generate high-power output, the first chip U1 controls the third NMOS tube Q3 to turn on, and the twenty-seventh capacitor C27 and the twenty-eighth capacitor C28 are charged at the same time. The function of the fifth diode D5 is to prevent the twenty-eighth capacitor C28 from charging the twenty-seventh capacitor C27 when the third NMOS tube Q3 is turned on. When the dual capacitors are charged, the first chip U1 needs to periodically detect the voltage value of the twenty-eighth capacitor C28. When the voltage value of the twenty-eighth capacitor C28 is less than 7V, the third NMOS tube Q3 must be turned off to ensure the power supply of the first chip U1. When the twenty-seventh capacitor C27 is fully charged, the first chip U1 samples the battery voltage to determine whether it is low-power. If the battery is low-power, the control switch ninth NMOS tube Q9 is turned on, and the twenty-seventh capacitor C27 charges the battery through the network port "battery +".

[0044] like Figure 6As shown, the circuit connection relationship of the PLL control module is as follows: the phase-locked loop control module includes a second chip U2, a third chip U3, an eighth chip U8, a linear optocoupler G2, a ninth capacitor C9, a seventeenth capacitor C17, an eighteenth capacitor C18, a nineteenth capacitor C19, a twentieth capacitor C20, a twenty-first capacitor C21, a twenty-second capacitor C22, a twenty-third capacitor C23, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, a sixteenth resistor R16, a seventeenth resistor R17, an eighteenth resistor R18, a nineteenth resistor R19, a twentieth resistor R20, a twenty-first resistor R 21. A thirty-first resistor R31, a thirty-second resistor R32, a thirty-third resistor R33, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4 and an eighth transistor Q8. The second chip U2 and the sixth chip U6 are both dual-channel D-type rising edge triggers, model SN74HCS74. The third chip U3 is a six-channel Schmitt trigger inverter, model SN74HCS04. The fourth chip U4 and the fifth chip U5 are both single-channel AND gates, model NL17SZ08DFT2G. The eighth chip U8 is a four-channel low-power operational amplifier, model OP421BY. One end of the seventeenth resistor R17 and the thirty-second resistor R32 are connected to the power supply respectively, and the other end of the thirty-second resistor R32 is connected to the thirty-third The resistor R33 is connected to one end, the other end of the thirty-third resistor R33 is grounded, the other end of the seventeenth resistor R17 is connected to one end of the twenty-second capacitor C22, the 5th pin of the eighth chip U8 is connected between the seventeenth resistor R17 and the twenty-second capacitor C22, the other end of the twenty-second capacitor C22 is connected to one end of the eighteenth resistor R18, the other end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected to one end of the twenty-first resistor R21, the 7th pin of the eighth chip U8 is connected between the eighteenth resistor R18 and the twenty-first resistor R21, the other end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected to one end of the twentieth resistor R20, the third diode D3 and the fourth diode D4 are connected in parallel at both ends of the twentieth resistor R20, and the 6th pin of the eighth chip U8 is connected to the third diode The input end of D3, the other end of the twentieth resistor R20 is connected to one end of the nineteenth resistor R19, the other end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected to one end of the twenty-second capacitor C22, the other end of the twenty-second capacitor C22 is connected to the 3rd pin of the thirty-first resistor R31, the 2nd pin of the thirty-first resistor R31 is grounded, the 1st pin of the thirty-first resistor R31 is connected to the output end of the eighth transistor Q8, the input end of the eighth transistor Q8 is connected to the 1st pin of the linear optocoupler G2, the 2nd pin of the linear optocoupler G2 is connected between the seventeenth resistor R17 and the thirty-second resistor R32, the 3rd pin of the linear optocoupler G2 is connected between the seventeenth resistor R17 and the 5th pin of the eighth chip U8, the 4th pin of the linear optocoupler G2 is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor R16,The other end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is connected between the twenty-second capacitor C22 and the 2nd pin of the thirty-first resistor R31, the twenty-first capacitor C21 is connected in parallel with the 3rd pin of the linear optocoupler G2 and the sixteenth resistor R16, the control end of the eighth transistor Q8 is connected between the thirty-second resistor R32 and the thirty-third resistor R33, one end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the control end of the eighth transistor Q8, and the other end is connected to the 1st pin of the eighth chip U8, one end of the nineteenth capacitor C19 is connected between the twelfth resistor R12 and the control end of the eighth transistor Q8, and the other end is respectively connected to the thirteenth resistor R13 and one end of the twentieth capacitor C20, the other ends of the thirteenth resistor R13 and the twentieth capacitor C20 are connected in series and then grounded, one end of the seventeenth capacitor C17 is connected between the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 and the 1st pin of the eighth chip U8, the other end of the seventeenth capacitor C17 is connected to one end of the tenth resistor R10, the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is respectively connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8, and the 3rd pin of the eighth chip U8 Connected between the tenth resistor R10 and the eighth resistor R8, the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the 5th pin of the second chip U2, the 2nd pin of the eighth chip U8 is connected to one end of the eleventh resistor R11, the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to one end of the eighteenth capacitor C18, and the other end of the eighteenth capacitor C18 is grounded, one end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected between the 2nd pin of the eighth chip U8 and the eleventh resistor R11, and the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is grounded, one end of the twenty-third resistor R23 is connected between the O7 pin of the eighth chip U8 and the 9th pin of the eighth chip U8, the other end of the twenty-third resistor R23 is connected to one end of the twenty-third capacitor C23, the 10th pin of the eighth chip U8 is connected between the twenty-third resistor R23 and the twenty-third capacitor C23, the other end of the twenty-third capacitor C23 is grounded, the 8th pin of the eighth chip U8 is connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor R14, the other end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is respectively connected to the 5th pin of the third chip and one end of the ninth capacitor C9, and the other end of the ninth capacitor C9 is grounded. ,

[0045] Pin 1 of the fourth chip U4 is connected to pin 9 of the second chip U2, pin 2 of the fourth chip U4 is connected to pin 5 of the second chip U2, pin 4 of the fourth chip U4 is connected to pin 1 of the third chip U3, pin 1 of the fifth chip U5 is connected to pin 8 of the eighth chip U8, pin 2 of the fifth chip U5 is connected to pin 6 of the third chip U3, pin 3 of the sixth chip is connected to pin 7 of the eighth chip U8, pin 5 of the sixth chip is connected to pin 11 of the second chip U2, the input ends of the fourth transistor Q4 are respectively connected to pin 3 of the second chip U2, and the output end of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the energy collection module.

[0046] The power supply of the PLL control module is provided by a button battery. The network label "VCC" of the button battery connects the VCC pins of the second chip U2, the fourth chip U4, and the eighth chip U8 to the source of the first NMOS tube Q1 of the power module. The drain of the first NMOS tube Q1 of the power module is connected to the positive electrode of the battery through the network port "battery+", and the gate of the first NMOS tube Q1 is connected to the 8th pin of the third chip U3 through the network port "controlA". The VCC pin of the third chip U3 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the chip is continuously powered by the battery. When the charge generated by the piezoelectric vibrator is not enough to make the twenty-eighth capacitor C28 reach the start-up threshold of the power management chip LTC3588, the first chip U1 loses power and does not work, and the thirteenth network port P13 pin outputs a digital "0". Since the P13 pin is connected to the ninth pin of the third chip U3, the "not" gate chip of the third chip U3 outputs a high level at the eighth pin, turns on the first NMOS tube Q1, and the phase-locked loop circuit system is powered on and works, and outputs a synchronous switch control signal to control the SECE circuit to collect energy. When the voltage of the collection capacitor C28 reaches the startup threshold of the power management chip LTC3588, the first chip U1 is powered on and the P13 pin is set to "1" through software. Due to the inversion of the "NOT" gate, the gate level of the first NMOS tube Q1 is "0", the first NMOS tube Q1 is disconnected, the phase-locked loop circuit system loses power, and the power consumption of the system will be greatly reduced. The control signal of the synchronous switch is provided by the first chip U1 to complete the transfer of control of the synchronous switch.

[0047] like Figure 7As shown, the energy injection module includes a SX1308 boost module, a seventh chip U7, a sixth NMOS tube Q6, a seventh resistor R7, a thirteenth resistor R13, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh NMOS tube Q7 and an optical coupler G1, the SX1308 boost module provides the optical coupler G1 with the high voltage required for its operation, the VIN pin of the boost chip is connected to the output end of the seventh NMOS tube Q7, the input end of the seventh NMOS tube Q7 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery module in the energy storage module, the control end of the seventh NMOS tube Q7 is connected to the sixth network port P6, the VOUT pin of the SX1308 boost module is connected to the VCC pin of the seventh chip U7, the VCC pin of the seventh chip U7 and the VOUT pin of the SX1308 boost module are connected with the eighteenth capacitor C18, the seventh chip U7 The VOUT pin is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7 and the thirteenth resistor R13 respectively, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6, the -IN pin of the seventh chip U7 is connected between the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7, the output end of the sixth NMOS tube Q6 is connected to the other end of the sixth resistor R6 and grounded, the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected to the 5th pin of the optical coupler G1, the +IN pin of the seventh chip U7 is connected between the 5th pin of the optical coupler G1 and the thirteenth resistor R13, the 4th pin of the optical coupler G1 is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator of the energy collection module, the input end of the sixth NMOS tube Q6 is connected to the battery + end of the power module in the energy storage module, the control end of the sixth NMOS tube Q6 is connected to the 1st pin of the optical coupler G1 through the seventeenth network port P17, and the 2nd pin of the optical coupler G1 is grounded.

[0048] Since the voltage of the operational amplifier used in the energy injection process is quite different from that used in the PLL control module, in order to avoid the instantaneous high voltage pulse from affecting the precision CMOS chip of the PLL control module, an additional operational amplifier chip, namely the seventh chip U7, is used. To facilitate the calculation of the negative resistance value, the seventh resistor R7 used in the negative impedance circuit is 1kΩ, the thirteenth resistor R13 is 10kΩ, and the sixth resistor R6 is 65kΩ. When the energy injection operation is not performed, the piezoelectric vibrator should be isolated from the GND end. The sixth NMOS tube Q6 is used in the circuit to separate the piezoelectric vibrator from the GND end to avoid charge leakage. Because the power supply used by the energy injection module is a 3.6V lithium battery, and energy injection requires the power supply of the operational amplifier to have a higher voltage, it is necessary to add a boost module SX1308 to the circuit. When the SX1308 boost module is powered by a 3.6V DC power supply, the shortest time for the module's output to rise from 0V to 30V is about 2ms without limiting the input current. However, in actual circuit use, since the current flowing through the seventh NMOS tube Q7 is effective, the actual boost process is not so fast. Before energy injection, it is necessary to test the specific boost time of the boost module and add a suitable delay to the first chip U1 program to ensure that the power supply of the op amp is in the optimal voltage state for energy injection.

[0049] The energy injection module is equipped with a negative impedance converter, that is, a negative impedance circuit based on the seventh chip U7, which achieves the effect of negative resistance through a specific combination of resistors. The first chip U1 can use the negative impedance converter to actively control and guide the energy flow according to the real-time system requirements and storage level, inject the stored energy into the piezoelectric vibrator, and change its motion characteristics. The first chip U1 will sample the output voltage and frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator in stages. When the voltage and frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator meet the initial conditions of energy injection set by the program, the first chip U1 controls the second switch S2 to be turned on. After the high voltage output by the boost module is stable, the first switch S1 is turned on to connect the energy injection circuit module to the piezoelectric vibrator for energy injection. After the energy injection process is completed, the second switch S2 that controls the boost module and the first switch S1 that connects the energy injection circuit module to the piezoelectric vibrator are disconnected, and the output voltage of the piezoelectric vibrator is detected, and the piezoelectric vibrator is judged whether it is already in high-energy orbital vibration according to the output voltage value. The energy injection module optimizes the overall power management of the system by adjusting the energy output to meet the immediate and fluctuating power requirements, thereby improving the system's responsiveness and operating efficiency.

[0050] Working principle:

[0051] When using, Figure 1As shown, when the outside world applies excitation to the energy control system of this embodiment, the voltage signal generated by the piezoelectric vibrator 1 is input to the PLL control module, and the PLL control module generates a control signal of the SECE circuit module. The pulse makes the second NMOS tube Q2 in the SECE circuit periodically turned on, and the SECE circuit module collects the electric energy converted from the mechanical energy by the piezoelectric vibrator 1. When the collected electric energy reaches a certain amount, the power management chip LTC3588 in the power module will output a stable 3.6V voltage to provide power for the single-chip microcomputer. After the single-chip microcomputer is powered on, according to the program function setting, after the voltage frequency and amplitude information output by the piezoelectric vibrator are collected through the single-chip microcomputer ADC sampling module, the third switch S3 is disconnected, the circuit power supply of the PLL control module is cut off, and the PWM wave with twice the vibration frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator output by the single-chip microcomputer takes over the synchronous switch control of the SECE circuit module, and the output voltage and frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator are sampled in stages. When the voltage and frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator 1 meet the initial conditions for energy injection set by the program, the single-chip microcomputer controls the second switch S2 to be turned on. After a short delay, when the high voltage output by the boost module is stable, the first switch S1 is turned on to connect the energy injection circuit to the piezoelectric vibrator 1 for energy injection. After the energy injection is completed, the second switch S2 that supplies power to the boost module and the first switch S1 that connects the energy injection circuit to the piezoelectric vibrator 1 are disconnected, and the output voltage of the piezoelectric vibrator 1 is detected, and it is determined whether the vibrator is already in high-energy orbit vibration based on the output voltage value. The twenty-seventh capacitor C27 and the twenty-eighth capacitor C28 are used to collect electrical energy from the piezoelectric vibrator 1 that is in high-energy orbit response. When the twenty-seventh capacitor and C27 and the twenty-eighth capacitor C28 are fully charged, the stored charge is used to charge the battery to realize the collection and utilization of piezoelectric electrical energy.

[0052] The complete circuit diagram of the energy control system of this specific embodiment is as follows Figure 2 As shown in the figure, a physical object is made according to the circuit diagram and experimental tests are carried out. Figure 8 As shown, at a frequency of 13 Hz and an acceleration of 4 m / s 2Under the excitation of, the piezoelectric vibrator is used to collect energy using this specific embodiment to verify the system function, and the output voltage signals of each important module are obtained. After 64.9s of energy collection, the voltage across the twenty-eighth capacitor C28 is increased to 5.1V, reaching the DC-DC module startup voltage threshold in the power management chip LTC3588, and the power management chip LTC3588 chip outputs a 3.6V voltage to drive the single-chip microcomputer to work. After the single-chip microcomputer is powered on, in the process of GPIO function assignment to each pin, the SECE synchronous switch is controlled to be in the on state, and the energy collection power is 0, but this state only lasts for about 20ms. Subsequently, the single-chip microcomputer samples the voltage signal of the piezoelectric vibrator according to the program instructions, and outputs the corresponding PWM wave to control the synchronous switch after calculating its frequency, and at the same time, the phase-locked loop control circuit module is powered off. At this time, the single-chip microcomputer takes over the control of the synchronous switch. According to the voltage and frequency information of the sampled piezoelectric vibrator, the program determines to inject energy into the piezoelectric vibrator, and powers on the boost module in advance, and performs an energy injection operation for 300ms when the vibration phase of the piezoelectric vibrator is 90°, and keeps the synchronous switch in the open state during the energy injection operation. After energy injection, the piezoelectric vibrator jumps to high-energy orbit vibration after a short period of chaotic vibration, and outputs relatively high-power electrical energy. By collecting electrical energy, the voltage of the twenty-eighth capacitor C28 continues to rise.

[0053] Fig. 9 The relationship between the collected power of each circuit and the excitation frequency is shown. It can be seen that the SECE circuit module controlled by the single-chip microcomputer has the largest collected power of 511.1μW when the maximum voltage output frequency of the energy harvesting module is 16.8Hz, and the collected power increases with the increase of the output voltage of the energy harvesting module. However, when the low-frequency excitation is 7Hz, the voltage-controlled oscillator of the phase-locked loop control circuit does not output a valid oscillation signal, resulting in the collected power of the SECE circuit module controlled by it being 0. In the range of 9 to 16.8Hz, the average power difference between the single-chip microcomputer and the phase-locked loop controlled SECE circuit module is 45.9μW. At 19Hz, because the excitation frequency is far away from the high-energy orbit frequency band of the bistable structure, the captured power of the energy harvesting module decreases and the output voltage drops sharply, so the collected power of the three circuits is low.

[0054] It should be noted that the energy control system of this specific embodiment only uses the PLL control module to collect electric energy when it is just started. After the twenty-eighth capacitor C28 stores a certain amount of energy, the single-chip microcomputer is powered on and immediately cuts off the power supply of the PLL control module, and uses the single-chip microcomputer chip to control the synchronous switch of the SECE circuit to collect energy. The PLL control module only works in the startup link of the integrated system or in the emergency state after the single-chip microcomputer loses power, so there are no too stringent requirements for its power consumption. In the single-chip microcomputer working mode, the system can achieve positive returns by exciting the high-energy orbital vibration of the oscillator after performing energy injection.

[0055] The method for piezoelectric energy collection using the above energy control system comprises the following steps:

[0056] S1, collects the electrical energy generated by external excitation through the piezoelectric vibrator of the energy harvesting module;

[0057] S2, storing the collected electrical energy through an energy storage module;

[0058] S3, injecting the stored electrical energy into the piezoelectric vibrator through the energy injection module to achieve high-energy orbital vibration.

[0059] The technicians in the relevant field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the above-mentioned function allocation can be completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiment can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

Claims

1. An energy control system for a piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting device, characterized in that: It includes an energy collection module, an energy storage module, an energy injection module and a single-chip microcomputer. The input end of the energy collection module is respectively connected to the energy injection module and the external excitation, and the output end is connected to the energy storage module. A first switch S1 is arranged between the energy injection module and the energy collection module, and a second switch S2 is arranged between the energy storage module and the energy injection module. The energy collection module, the energy storage module, the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The energy collection module includes a piezoelectric vibrator, an elastic base layer and a bistable system structure. The piezoelectric vibrator is connected to a single-chip microcomputer and is installed on the elastic base layer. The bistable system structure includes a first magnetic block, a second magnetic block, a third magnetic block and a fourth magnetic block. The first magnetic block is installed at the bottom end of the elastic base layer and is located below the piezoelectric vibrator. The second magnetic block, the third magnetic block and the fourth magnetic block are installed below the first magnetic block.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The energy storage module includes a collection circuit module and a power supply module. The collection circuit module includes a synchronous charge extraction circuit module and a phase-locked loop control module. The synchronous charge extraction circuit module is connected to the phase-locked loop control module through a second NMOS tube Q2. The synchronous charge extraction circuit module is connected to the power supply module, and a third switch S3 is provided between the power supply module and the synchronous charge extraction circuit module. The second NMOS tube Q2, the power supply module and the third switch S3 are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The energy injection module includes a boost module, a seventh chip U7, a sixth NMOS tube Q6, a seventh resistor R7, a thirteenth resistor R13, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh NMOS tube Q7 and an optical coupler G1, a VIN pin of the boost module is connected to the output end of the seventh NMOS tube Q7, an input end of the seventh NMOS tube Q7 is connected to the energy storage module, a control end of the seventh NMOS tube Q7 is connected to a sixth network port P6, the seventh chip U7 is an operational amplifier, a VOUT pin of the boost module is connected to a VCC pin of the seventh chip U7, an eighteenth capacitor C18 is connected between the VCC pin of the seventh chip U7 and the VOUT pin of the boost module, and the VOUT pins of the seventh chip U7 are respectively connected to the seventh resistor R 7 and one end of the thirteenth resistor R13, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6, the -IN pin of the seventh chip U7 is connected between the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7, the output end of the sixth NMOS tube Q6 is connected to the other end of the sixth resistor R6 and grounded, the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected to the 5th pin of the optical coupler G1, the +IN pin of the seventh chip U7 is connected between the 5th pin of the optical coupler G1 and the thirteenth resistor R13, the 4th pin of the optical coupler G1 is connected to the energy collection module, the input end of the sixth NMOS tube Q6 is connected to the energy storage module, the control end of the sixth NMOS tube Q6 is connected to the 1st pin of the optical coupler G1 through the seventeenth network port P17, and the 2nd pin of the optical coupler G1 is grounded.

5. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The synchronous charge extraction circuit module includes a PLLcontrol network port, a Vin network port, a battery+ network port, an eighth network port P8, a ninth network port P9, a fourteenth network port P14, a twenty-eighth capacitor C28, a twenty-seventh capacitor C27, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a forty-first resistor R41, a forty-second resistor R42, a forty-third resistor R43, a forty-fourth resistor R44, a fourth diode D4, a fifth diode D5, a sixth diode D6, a first inductor L1, a second NMOS tube Q2, a third NMOS tube Q3, a ninth NMOS tube Q9, the fourteenth network port P14, and the fifteenth The network port P15 and the sixteenth network port P16, the energy collection module is respectively connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 through a rectifier bridge, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the second resistor R2, the eighth network port P8 is connected between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, one end of the first inductor L1 is respectively connected to the first resistor R1, the output end of the third NMOS tube Q3 and one end of the fifth diode D5, the control end of the third NMOS tube Q3 is connected to the sixteenth network port P16, the input end of the third NMOS tube Q3 is respectively connected to the input end of the ninth NMOS tube Q9, one end of the forty-third resistor R43 and one end of the twenty-seventh capacitor C27, the ninth NMOS The control end of the OS tube Q9 is connected to the fifteenth network port P15, the output end of the ninth NMOS tube Q9 is connected to one end of the sixth diode D6, the other end of the sixth diode D6 is connected to the battery + network port, the other end of the forty-third resistor R43 is connected to one end of the forty-fourth resistor R44, the other end of the forty-fourth resistor R44 is grounded, the eleventh network port P11 is connected between the forty-third resistor R43 and the forty-fourth resistor R44, the other end of the twenty-seventh capacitor C27 is grounded and connected to one end of the fourth diode D4, the other end of the fourth diode D4 is connected between the first inductor L1 and the second NMOS tube Q2, the fifth diode D5 is connected to one end of the twenty-eighth capacitor C28, and the twenty-third resistor R43 is connected to one end of the fourth diode D4. The other end of the eighth capacitor C28 is connected to the twenty-seventh capacitor C27, the Vin network port is connected between the fifth diode D5 and the twenty-eighth capacitor C28, one end of the forty-first resistor R41 is connected to the Vin network port, and the other end is connected to one end of the forty-second resistor R42, the other end of the forty-second resistor R42 is grounded, the ninth network port P9 is connected between the forty-first resistor R41 and the forty-second resistor R42, the other end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the input end of the second NMOS tube Q2, the output end of the second NMOS tube Q2 is connected to the second resistor R2, and the control end of the second NMOS tube Q2 is respectively connected to the PLLcontrol network port and the fourteenth network port P14.

6. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The phase-locked loop control module includes a second chip U2, a third chip U3, an eighth chip U8, a linear optocoupler G2, a ninth capacitor C9, a seventeenth capacitor C17, an eighteenth capacitor C18, a nineteenth capacitor C19, a twentieth capacitor C20, a twenty-first capacitor C21, a twenty-second capacitor C22, a twenty-third capacitor C23, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, a sixteenth resistor R16, a seventeenth resistor R17, an eighteenth resistor R18, a nineteenth resistor R19, a twentieth resistor R20, a twenty-first resistor R21, a thirty-first resistor R31, a thirty-second resistor R32, a thirty-third resistor R33, a three resistors R33, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4 and an eighth transistor Q8, the second chip U2 is a dual-channel D-type rising edge trigger, the third chip U3 is a six-channel Schmitt trigger inverter, the eighth chip U8 is a four-channel low-power operational amplifier, the seventeenth resistor R17 and one end of the thirty-second resistor R32 are respectively connected to the power supply, the other end of the thirty-second resistor R32 is connected to one end of the thirty-third resistor R33, the other end of the thirty-third resistor R33 is grounded, the other end of the seventeenth resistor R17 is respectively connected to one end of the twenty-second capacitor C22, the 5 pins of the eighth chip U8 are connected between the seventeenth resistor R17 and the twenty-second capacitor C22, the other end of the twenty-second capacitor C22 is connected to one end of the eighteenth resistor R18, and the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected to the power supply. The other end is connected to one end of the twenty-first resistor R21, the 7th pin of the eighth chip U8 is connected between the eighteenth resistor R18 and the twenty-first resistor R21, the other end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected to one end of the twentieth resistor R20, the third diode D3 and the fourth diode D4 are respectively connected in parallel at both ends of the twentieth resistor R20, the 6th pin of the eighth chip U8 is connected to the input end of the third diode D3, the other end of the twentieth resistor R20 is connected to one end of the nineteenth resistor R19, the other end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected to one end of the twenty-second capacitor C22, the other end of the twenty-second capacitor C22 is connected to the 3rd pin of the thirty-first resistor R31, the 2nd pin of the thirty-first resistor R31 is grounded, and the 1st pin of the thirty-first resistor R31 is connected to the output of the eighth transistor Q8 The input end of the eighth transistor Q8 is connected to the 1st pin of the linear optocoupler G2, the 2nd pin of the linear optocoupler G2 is connected between the 17th resistor R17 and the 32nd resistor R32, the 3rd pin of the linear optocoupler G2 is connected between the 17th resistor R17 and the 5th pin of the eighth chip U8, the 4th pin of the linear optocoupler G2 is connected to one end of the 16th resistor R16, the other end of the 16th resistor R16 is connected between the 22nd capacitor C22 and the 2nd pin of the 31st resistor R31, the 21st capacitor C21 is connected in parallel with the 3rd pin of the linear optocoupler G2 and the 16th resistor R16, the control end of the eighth transistor Q8 is connected between the 32nd resistor R32 and the 33rd resistor R33, one end of the 12th resistor R12 is connected to the control end of the eighth transistor Q8,The other end is connected to pin 1 of the eighth chip U8, one end of the nineteenth capacitor C19 is connected between the twelfth resistor R12 and the control end of the eighth transistor Q8, and the other end is respectively connected to the thirteenth resistor R13 and one end of the twentieth capacitor C20, the other ends of the thirteenth resistor R13 and the twentieth capacitor C20 are connected in series and grounded, one end of the seventeenth capacitor C17 is connected between the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 and pin 1 of the eighth chip U8, the other end of the seventeenth capacitor C17 is connected to one end of the tenth resistor R10, and the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is respectively connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8, pin 3 of the eighth chip U8 is connected between the tenth resistor R10 and the eighth resistor R8, the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to pin 5 of the second chip U2, pin 2 of the eighth chip U8 is connected to one end of the eleventh resistor R11, and the The other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to one end of the eighteenth capacitor C18, and the other end of the eighteenth capacitor C18 is grounded. One end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected between the 2 pins of the eighth chip U8 and the eleventh resistor R11, and the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is grounded. One end of the twenty-third resistor R23 is connected between the O7 pin of the eighth chip U8 and the 9 pin of the eighth chip U8, and the other end of the twenty-third resistor R23 is connected to one end of the twenty-third capacitor C23. The 10 pin of the eighth chip U8 is connected between the twenty-third resistor R23 and the twenty-third capacitor C23, and the other end of the twenty-third capacitor C23 is grounded. The 8 pin of the eighth chip U8 is connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor R14, and the other end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is respectively connected to the 5 pins of the third chip and one end of the ninth capacitor C9, and the other end of the ninth capacitor C9 is grounded. , 7. The system according to claim 3 or 6, characterized in that: The phase-locked loop control module also includes a fourth chip U4, a fifth chip U5, a sixth chip U6 and a fourth transistor Q4, wherein pin 1 of the fourth chip U4 is connected to pin 9 of the second chip U2, pin 2 of the fourth chip U4 is connected to pin 5 of the second chip U2, pin 4 of the fourth chip U4 is connected to pin 1 of the third chip U3, pin 1 of the fifth chip U5 is connected to pin 8 of the eighth chip U8, pin 2 of the fifth chip U5 is connected to pin 6 of the third chip U3, pin 3 of the sixth chip is connected to pin 7 of the eighth chip U8, pin 5 of the sixth chip is connected to pin 11 of the second chip U2, the input ends of the fourth transistor Q4 are respectively connected to pin 3 of the second chip U2, and the output end of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the energy collection module.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The external excitation is vibration caused by traffic vibration, wind force, water flow or mechanical operation.

9. A piezoelectric energy harvesting method using the system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 and 8, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1, collects the electrical energy generated by external excitation through the piezoelectric vibrator of the energy harvesting module; S2, storing the collected electrical energy through an energy storage module; S3, injecting the stored electrical energy into the piezoelectric vibrator through the energy injection module to achieve high-energy orbital vibration.

Images