Pollution prevention and control type water and fertilizer recycling technology for facility agriculture

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural pollution prevention and control, and particularly relates to a facility agricultural pollution prevention and control type water and fertilizer cyclic utilization technology which comprises the following processes: runoff diversion: firstly, carrying out farmland field investigation, understanding terrain, water source, drainage conditions and the like, designing a reasonable drainage system layout, and after the drainage system layout is completed, according to a design scheme, constructing a drainage system; the method comprises the following steps: constructing drainage facilities such as an ecological ditch and a rainwater collection pool, ensuring that the construction quality meets the standard, guiding runoff into a treatment area during rainfall or irrigation, setting monitoring points, regularly monitoring water quality change, regularly cleaning and maintaining the drainage facilities, ensuring the drainage facilities to be unobstructed, and preventing blockage and pollution. According to the facility agriculture pollution prevention and control type water and fertilizer cyclic utilization technology, a runoff flow guide process is set, topographic conditions can be utilized, a natural drainage system can be designed, and low-cost and efficient utilization of water resources is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural pollution prevention and control, and specifically relates to a water-fertilizer recycling technology for facility agricultural pollution prevention and control. Background Art

[0002] Traditional agricultural production methods are often accompanied by problems such as water waste, soil pollution and nutrient loss, which have a serious impact on the ecological environment. In order to meet these challenges, agricultural pollution prevention and control water and fertilizer recycling methods have emerged, aiming to achieve efficient use of water and fertilizer resources and pollution prevention and control through a series of scientific and effective technical means, and promote green agricultural development.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need for a water-fertilizer recycling technology that has good water resource utilization effect, low cost, can improve soil structure, reduce environmental pollution risks and has better nutrient utilization effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] To solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the present invention provides a facility agriculture pollution prevention and control type water and fertilizer recycling technology, which has the characteristics of good water resource utilization effect, low cost, ability to improve soil structure, reduce environmental pollution risk and better nutrient utilization effect.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a facility agriculture pollution prevention and control type water and fertilizer recycling technology, including the following processes, process 1, runoff diversion: first, conduct on-site survey of farmland, understand the terrain, water source, drainage conditions, etc., design a reasonable drainage system layout, after the drainage system layout is completed, according to the design plan, drainage facilities such as ecological ditches and rainwater collection pools can be built to ensure that the construction quality meets the standards, during rainfall or irrigation, guide runoff into the treatment area, set up monitoring points, regularly monitor water quality changes, regularly clean and maintain drainage facilities to ensure that they are unobstructed and prevent blockage and pollution;

[0006] Process 2, biological absorption: Select a suitable location to build an artificial wetland or biological filter, ensure that there is enough area and a suitable ecological environment, select suitable wetland plants and microorganisms for introduction and cultivation according to water quality conditions, and debug before formal operation to ensure that the biological system operates stably and achieves the expected purification effect. Regularly clean up plant residues, adjust water levels, etc. to keep the biological system in good operating condition;

[0007] Process 3: Nutrient accumulation and utilization: Regularly test soil nutrient content and pH value and other indicators to understand soil fertility. According to soil test results and crop needs, formulate a reasonable fertilization plan, use soil testing and formula fertilization technology to accurately apply fertilizer to the soil;

[0008] Process 4: Waste recycling: Regularly collect waste such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, etc., and perform pre-treatment operations such as crushing and dehydration on the waste to facilitate subsequent treatment. Treat the waste through composting or anaerobic fermentation and convert it into organic fertilizer. Apply the treated organic fertilizer to farmland and monitor its impact on soil and crops;

[0009] Process 5: Precision fertilization management: Use the Internet of Things technology to monitor soil nutrient content, crop growth status and other data in real time, use big data analysis technology to process and analyze the collected data, formulate a precision fertilization plan, and perform fertilization operations according to the precision fertilization plan to ensure accurate nutrient supply;

[0010] Process 6: Irrigation system optimization: Conduct a comprehensive assessment of the existing irrigation system, including water supply, pipeline layout, irrigation efficiency, etc., to identify existing problems and potential improvements;

[0011] Process 7. Soil and Water Conservation in Farmland: Conduct soil and water loss risk assessment on farmland, identify areas prone to soil loss and potential threats, design reasonable soil and water conservation measures based on risk assessment results, such as building terraces and planting soil and water conservation forests and grasses, regularly monitor the effectiveness of soil and water conservation measures, and evaluate their impact on reducing soil erosion and improving soil quality.

[0012] Preferably, the measuring equipment required for process one is a total station and a level, the construction machinery required is an excavator, a loader and a bulldozer, and the monitoring instruments required are a water quality monitor and a flow meter.

[0013] Preferably, the planting tools required in process 2 are shovels and hoes, and the irrigation equipment required are water pumps, water pipes and sprinklers.

[0014] Preferably, the soil testing equipment in process three is a soil pH meter and a soil nutrient rapid tester, and the fertilization tools are a fertilizer gun and a fertilizer spreader.

[0015] Preferably, in process 4, the collecting tools are forklifts and wheelbarrows, etc., the pretreatment equipment are crushers and dehydrators, etc., and the fermentation equipment are composting fermentation tanks and anaerobic fermentation tanks, etc.

[0016] Preferably, the IoT devices in process five are soil moisture sensors and nutrient sensors, etc.

[0017] Preferably, the measuring equipment in process six is ​​a flow meter and a pressure gauge, etc.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The present invention, by setting up a runoff diversion process, can utilize terrain conditions, design a natural drainage system, and achieve low-cost and efficient utilization of water resources. By setting up a biological absorption process, it can ensure environmental protection, low cost, and has broad application prospects.

[0020] 2. The present invention can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and production costs by arranging for waste recycling, and can also improve soil structure and crop quality. By arranging for precise fertilization management, it can reduce nutrient loss and waste, and at the same time can improve fertilizer utilization and reduce environmental pollution risks. By arranging for irrigation system optimization, it can strengthen the daily maintenance and management of irrigation facilities to ensure the normal operation and efficient utilization of the irrigation system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example

[0023] The present invention provides the following technical solutions: a facility agriculture pollution prevention and control type water and fertilizer recycling technology, including the following processes, process 1, runoff diversion: first conduct on-site survey of farmland, understand the terrain, water source, drainage conditions, etc., design a reasonable drainage system layout, after the drainage system layout is completed, according to the design plan, drainage facilities such as ecological ditches and rainwater collection pools can be built to ensure that the construction quality meets the standards, during rainfall or irrigation, guide runoff into the treatment area, set up monitoring points, regularly monitor water quality changes, regularly clean and maintain drainage facilities to ensure that they are unobstructed and prevent blockage and pollution. By setting up a runoff diversion process, it is possible to utilize terrain conditions, design a natural drainage system, and achieve low-cost and efficient use of water resources;

[0024] Process 2, biological absorption: Select a suitable location to build an artificial wetland or biological filter to ensure that there is enough area and a suitable ecological environment. According to the water quality, select suitable wetland plants and microorganisms for introduction and cultivation. Debug before formal operation to ensure that the biological system operates stably and achieves the expected purification effect. Regularly clean up plant residues, adjust water levels, etc. to maintain the good operation of the biological system. By setting up a biological absorption process, it can ensure environmental protection, low cost, and has broad application prospects;

[0025] Process 3: Nutrient accumulation and utilization: Regularly test soil nutrient content and pH value and other indicators to understand soil fertility. According to soil test results and crop needs, formulate a reasonable fertilization plan, use soil testing and formula fertilization technology to accurately apply fertilizer to the soil;

[0026] Process 4: Waste recycling: Regularly collect waste such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, etc., and perform pre-treatment operations such as crushing and dehydration on the waste to facilitate subsequent treatment. Treat the waste through composting or anaerobic fermentation and other technologies to convert it into organic fertilizer. Apply the treated organic fertilizer to farmland and monitor its impact on soil and crops. By setting up waste recycling, the use of chemical fertilizers can be reduced, production costs can be reduced, and soil structure and crop quality can be improved.

[0027] Process 5: Precision fertilization management: Use the Internet of Things technology to monitor soil nutrient content, crop growth status and other data in real time, use big data analysis technology to process and analyze the collected data, formulate a precision fertilization plan, and perform fertilization operations according to the precision fertilization plan to ensure accurate nutrient supply. By setting up precision fertilization management, nutrient loss and waste can be reduced, while fertilizer utilization can be improved and environmental pollution risks can be reduced;

[0028] Process 6: Irrigation system optimization: Conduct a comprehensive assessment of the existing irrigation system, including water supply, pipeline layout, irrigation efficiency, etc., identify existing problems and potential improvement points, and through the optimization of the irrigation system, strengthen the daily maintenance and management of irrigation facilities to ensure the normal operation and efficient use of the irrigation system;

[0029] Process 7. Soil and Water Conservation in Farmland: Conduct soil and water loss risk assessment on farmland, identify areas prone to soil loss and potential threats, design reasonable soil and water conservation measures based on risk assessment results, such as building terraces and planting soil and water conservation forests and grasses, regularly monitor the effectiveness of soil and water conservation measures, and evaluate their impact on reducing soil erosion and improving soil quality.

[0030] Specifically, the measuring equipment required for process one is a total station and a level, and the construction machinery required is an excavator, a loader and a bulldozer. By setting up excavators, loaders and bulldozers, it is used for the construction of drainage facilities such as ecological ditches and rainwater collection pools. The required monitoring instruments are water quality monitors and flow meters. By setting up water quality monitors and flow meters, it can be used to regularly monitor changes in water quality and runoff flow.

[0031] Specifically, the planting tools required in process two are shovels and hoes, etc. By setting up shovels and hoes, they can be used to plant wetland plants and plants in biological filters. The required irrigation equipment is water pumps, water pipes and sprinklers, etc. By setting up water pumps, water pipes and sprinklers, they can be used to provide a suitable moisture environment for wetland plants.

[0032] Specifically, the soil testing equipment in process three includes a soil pH meter and a soil nutrient rapid tester, etc. By setting up the soil pH meter and the soil nutrient rapid tester, it can be used to regularly test the soil nutrient content and pH value. The fertilization tools include a fertilizer gun and a fertilizer spreader, etc. By setting up the fertilizer gun and the fertilizer spreader, it can be used to accurately apply fertilizer to the soil.

[0033] Specifically, the collection tools in process four are shovels and wheelbarrows, etc. By setting up shovels and wheelbarrows, they can be used to collect wastes such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, etc. The pretreatment equipment includes crushers and dewatering machines, etc. By setting up crushers and dewatering machines, they can be used to perform pretreatment operations such as crushing and dehydrating on the wastes. The fermentation equipment includes composting fermentation tanks and anaerobic fermentation tanks, etc. By setting up composting fermentation tanks and anaerobic fermentation tanks, they can be used to convert waste into organic fertilizer.

[0034] Specifically, the IoT devices in process five are soil moisture sensors and nutrient sensors, etc. By setting up soil moisture sensors and nutrient sensors, they can be used to monitor soil moisture and nutrient conditions in real time.

[0035] Specifically, the measuring equipment in process six is ​​a flow meter and a pressure gauge, etc. By setting the flow meter and the pressure gauge, it can be used to measure the flow and pressure of the irrigation system.

[0036] The working principle and use process of the present invention:

[0037] Process 1: Runoff diversion: First, conduct on-site surveys of farmland to understand the terrain, water sources, drainage conditions, etc., and design a reasonable drainage system layout. After the drainage system layout is completed, drainage facilities such as ecological ditches and rainwater collection pools can be built according to the design plan to ensure that the construction quality meets the standards. During rainfall or irrigation, guide the runoff into the treatment area, set up monitoring points, regularly monitor water quality changes, and regularly clean and maintain drainage facilities to ensure that they are unobstructed and prevent blockage and pollution;

[0038] Process 2, biological absorption: Select a suitable location to build an artificial wetland or biological filter, ensure that there is enough area and a suitable ecological environment, select suitable wetland plants and microorganisms for introduction and cultivation according to water quality conditions, and debug before formal operation to ensure that the biological system operates stably and achieves the expected purification effect. Regularly clean up plant residues, adjust water levels, etc. to keep the biological system in good operating condition;

[0039] Process 3: Nutrient accumulation and utilization: Regularly test soil nutrient content and pH value and other indicators to understand soil fertility. According to soil test results and crop needs, formulate a reasonable fertilization plan, use soil testing and formula fertilization technology to accurately apply fertilizer to the soil;

[0040] Process 4: Waste recycling: Regularly collect waste such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, etc., and perform pre-treatment operations such as crushing and dehydration on the waste to facilitate subsequent treatment. Treat the waste through composting or anaerobic fermentation and convert it into organic fertilizer. Apply the treated organic fertilizer to farmland and monitor its impact on soil and crops;

[0041] Process 5: Precision fertilization management: Use the Internet of Things technology to monitor soil nutrient content, crop growth status and other data in real time, use big data analysis technology to process and analyze the collected data, formulate a precision fertilization plan, and perform fertilization operations according to the precision fertilization plan to ensure accurate nutrient supply;

[0042] Process 6: Irrigation system optimization: Conduct a comprehensive assessment of the existing irrigation system, including water supply, pipeline layout, irrigation efficiency, etc., to identify existing problems and potential improvements;

[0043] Process 7. Soil and Water Conservation in Farmland: Conduct soil and water loss risk assessment on farmland, identify areas prone to soil loss and potential threats, design reasonable soil and water conservation measures based on risk assessment results, such as building terraces and planting soil and water conservation forests and grasses, regularly monitor the effectiveness of soil and water conservation measures, and evaluate their impact on reducing soil erosion and improving soil quality.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-fertilizer recycling technology for facility agriculture pollution prevention and control, comprising the following process, characterized in that: Process 1: Runoff diversion: First, conduct on-site surveys of farmland to understand the terrain, water sources, drainage conditions, etc., and design a reasonable drainage system layout. After the drainage system layout is completed, drainage facilities such as ecological ditches and rainwater collection pools can be built according to the design plan to ensure that the construction quality meets the standards. During rainfall or irrigation, guide the runoff into the treatment area, set up monitoring points, regularly monitor water quality changes, and regularly clean and maintain drainage facilities to ensure that they are unobstructed and prevent blockage and pollution; Process 2, biological absorption: Select a suitable location to build an artificial wetland or biological filter, ensure that there is enough area and a suitable ecological environment, select suitable wetland plants and microorganisms for introduction and cultivation according to water quality conditions, and debug before formal operation to ensure that the biological system operates stably and achieves the expected purification effect. Regularly clean up plant residues, adjust water levels, etc. to keep the biological system in good operating condition; Process 3: Nutrient accumulation and utilization: Regularly test soil nutrient content and pH value and other indicators to understand soil fertility. According to soil test results and crop needs, formulate a reasonable fertilization plan, use soil testing and formula fertilization technology to accurately apply fertilizer to the soil; Process 4: Waste recycling: Regularly collect waste such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, etc., and perform pre-treatment operations such as crushing and dehydration on the waste to facilitate subsequent treatment. Treat the waste through composting or anaerobic fermentation and convert it into organic fertilizer. Apply the treated organic fertilizer to farmland and monitor its impact on soil and crops; Process 5: Precision fertilization management: Use the Internet of Things technology to monitor soil nutrient content, crop growth status and other data in real time, use big data analysis technology to process and analyze the collected data, formulate a precision fertilization plan, and perform fertilization operations according to the precision fertilization plan to ensure accurate nutrient supply; Process 6: Irrigation system optimization: Conduct a comprehensive assessment of the existing irrigation system, including water supply, pipeline layout, irrigation efficiency, etc., to identify existing problems and potential improvements; Process 7. Soil and Water Conservation in Farmland: Conduct soil and water loss risk assessment on farmland, identify areas prone to soil loss and potential threats, design reasonable soil and water conservation measures based on risk assessment results, such as building terraces and planting soil and water conservation forests and grasses, regularly monitor the effectiveness of soil and water conservation measures, and evaluate their impact on reducing soil erosion and improving soil quality.

2. The water-fertilizer recycling technology for facility agriculture pollution prevention and control according to claim 1 is characterized by: The measuring equipment required for process one is total station and level, the construction machinery required is excavator, loader and bulldozer, and the monitoring instruments required are water quality monitor and flow meter.

3. The water-fertilizer recycling technology for facility agriculture pollution prevention and control according to claim 1 is characterized by: The planting tools required in process two are shovels and hoes, and the irrigation equipment required are water pumps, water pipes and sprinklers.

4. The water-fertilizer recycling technology for facility agriculture pollution prevention and control according to claim 1 is characterized by: The soil testing equipment in process three includes soil pH meter and soil nutrient rapid tester, and the fertilization tools include fertilizer gun and fertilizer spreader.

5. The water-fertilizer recycling technology for facility agriculture pollution prevention and control according to claim 1 is characterized by: In process four, the collection tools are shovels and wheelbarrows, the pretreatment equipment are crushers and dehydrators, and the fermentation equipment are composting fermentation tanks and anaerobic fermentation tanks.

6. The water-fertilizer recycling technology for facility agriculture pollution prevention and control according to claim 1 is characterized by: The IoT devices in process five are soil moisture sensors and nutrient sensors, etc.

7. The water-fertilizer recycling technology for facility agriculture pollution prevention and control according to claim 1 is characterized by: The measuring equipment in process six is ​​flow meter and pressure gauge, etc.