A composite biological preparation, its preparation method and use in promoting shellfish growth or shellfish fattening

Abstract

The present invention discloses a composite biological preparation, its preparation method, and its use in promoting shellfish growth or fattening. The composite biological preparation comprises the following components, by weight: 4-8 parts glucosamine, 1-3 parts yeast, 1-4 parts sodium tripolyphosphate, 5-50 parts ethanolic clostridial protein, and 45-75 parts composite algae. The composite biological preparation can significantly improve the plumpness of shellfish, increase meat yield, and accelerate their growth rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic animal breeding, and more specifically, relates to a composite biological preparation, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof in promoting shellfish growth or shellfish fattening. Background Art

[0002] Shellfish are a large group of invertebrates that live in oceans, lakes, and rivers. They include oysters, scallops, clams, and mussels. They are rich in nutrients, including protein, vitamins, and minerals, making them a vital food source for humans. They play a crucial role in aquaculture and fishing, contributing to global economic development. They play a vital role in aquatic ecosystems, such as filtering water and maintaining ecological balance.

[0003] In shellfish farming, problems such as slow growth, poor fattening effect, and low meat gain rate are often encountered. These problems not only affect the farming efficiency, but also limit the sustainable development of the shellfish farming industry. At present, traditional farming methods mainly rely on natural bait for natural growth, but the effect is limited and subject to time constraints. Patent publication number CN113455597A discloses an oyster compound feed, which is composed of the following raw material components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of Isochrysis galbana, 10-20 parts of Schizochytrium schizochytrium, 10-20 parts of Spirulina platensis, 15-25 parts of Dunaliella, 10-15 parts of ethanolic Clostridium protein, 0.5-1 part of a multivitamin additive, 5-8 parts of sodium caseinate, and 20-30 parts of corn starch. The oyster compound feed can improve the fatness and survival rate of oysters, but it still has the problems of poor fattening effect and low meat gain rate. Therefore, how to improve the fattening effect, promote growth and increase the meat gain rate of shellfish farming has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned existing technical problems, the primary purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite biological preparation, which can significantly improve the fatness of shellfish, increase the meat yield, and improve the growth rate of shellfish.

[0005] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a composite biological preparation.

[0006] The third object of the present invention is to provide a composite biological preparation for use in promoting shellfish growth and / or shellfish fattening.

[0007] A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating shellfish.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A composite biological preparation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-8 parts of glucosamine, 1-3 parts of yeast, 1-4 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 5-50 parts of ethanol clostridial protein, and 45-75 parts of composite algae.

[0010] The present invention adds a composite biological preparation to shellfish farming. The combination of ethanolic Clostridium protein, glucosamine, yeast, and sodium tripolyphosphate in the preparation, along with compound algae, can synergistically increase the fatness of shellfish, increase meat yield, and speed up their growth, while also increasing aquaculture yield. Specifically:

[0011] In the present invention, glucosamine is an important component of the exoskeleton (shell) and soft tissue of shellfish. The main component of shellfish shells is calcium carbonate, and glucosamine plays a key role in the formation of the organic matrix of the shells. It can participate in the formation of organic components such as glycoproteins in the shells, which helps the growth and repair of the shells. A healthy and complete shell can provide better protection for shellfish, thereby reducing the adverse effects of external environmental factors on the growth of shellfish. In the soft tissues of shellfish, glucosamine participates in the construction of glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular matrix, which is very important for maintaining the normal morphology and function of cells. Glucosamine can promote the proliferation and differentiation of shellfish cells, and then contribute to the growth of shellfish soft tissues, including the growth of tissues such as the mantle and adductor muscle. The healthy growth of these tissues is the basis for the overall growth and fatness of shellfish. Specifically, the glucosamine refers to glucosamine, which is a substance necessary for the synthesis of proteoglycans in the matrix of human articular cartilage, with the molecular formula C6H 13 NO5, molecular weight 179.2.

[0012] Yeast is rich in nutrients such as protein, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. These nutrients are directly absorbed and utilized by shellfish, supplementing their growth needs and participating in various physiological processes such as energy metabolism and cellular respiration, thereby promoting their growth. Yeast cells themselves can serve as a good microbial bait. During filter feeding, yeast cells are ingested by shellfish, where their nutrients are broken down and absorbed within their digestive tracts. Yeast cells also stimulate the secretion of digestive enzymes, improving digestive efficiency and enabling them to better utilize nutrients from other food sources, thereby accelerating growth and increasing meat yield.

[0013] Sodium tripolyphosphate is a water quality improver. In shellfish aquaculture water, it binds to metal ions such as calcium and magnesium, softening the water. This is highly beneficial for shellfish growth. The inventors speculate that water with excessively high hardness may impair shellfish's ability to absorb nutrients and maintain normal shell growth. Sodium tripolyphosphate also has a certain dispersing effect. It prevents suspended particles and organic matter from agglomerating and settling, allowing these substances to disperse more effectively, increasing shellfish's access to food such as plankton and organic debris, and improving their feeding efficiency. Furthermore, it adsorbs onto the surfaces of impurities in the water, preventing them from clogging the shellfish's respiratory and filter-feeding organs, ensuring normal respiration and feeding. From a nutritional perspective, the phosphorus in sodium tripolyphosphate is a key nutrient required for shellfish growth. Phosphorus is involved in physiological processes within shellfish cells, such as energy metabolism and nucleic acid synthesis. An adequate supply of phosphorus promotes cell proliferation and growth, increasing growth rate and overall plumpness.

[0014] Clostridium alcoholate protein is a high-quality single-cell protein. It is rich in essential amino acids, and the amino acid profile of these proteins closely matches the ideal amino acid pattern required for shellfish growth. When shellfish ingest Clostridium alcoholate protein, they effectively utilize the amino acids to synthesize their own protein for growth, thereby increasing meat yield. The particle size and structural characteristics of Clostridium alcoholate protein make it easily filter-fed and digested by shellfish. Within the shellfish's digestive tract, it is rapidly broken down by digestive enzymes, releasing its nutrients. Furthermore, its presence stimulates intestinal development, increasing the intestinal absorptive area and the activity of digestive enzymes, further improving the shellfish's ability to digest and absorb food. This provides ample nutritional support for shellfish growth, accelerates growth, and increases aquaculture yields.

[0015] The present invention combines ethanolic Clostridium protein, glucosamine, yeast, and sodium tripolyphosphate, and then uses the composite algae in the system to synergistically increase the fatness of shellfish, increase the meat yield, and improve the growth rate of shellfish. In addition, the composite biological preparation uses natural biological components, is environmentally friendly, and does not cause harm to shellfish and aquatic ecosystems. In the shellfish farming process, the method of use is simple and easy to promote and apply, providing farmers with an efficient and convenient farming technology. The present invention can shorten the farming cycle and increase the farming output.

[0016] Specifically, the composite biological preparation includes the following components in parts by weight: 4-8 parts of glucosamine, 1-3 parts of yeast, 1-4 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 10-50 parts of ethanol clostridial protein, and 45-75 parts of composite algae.

[0017] Preferably, the composite algae is selected from one or more of concentrated green algae, concentrated diatoms and spirulina powder.

[0018] Preferably, the concentrated green algae is selected from one or more of Chlorella, Platymonas, Nannochloropsis, and Scenedesmus.

[0019] Preferably, the concentrated diatoms are selected from one or more of Chaetoceros condensed, Thalassiosira salina, Navicula spp., Nitzschia spp., and Cyclotella spp.

[0020] Preferably, the yeast is brewer's yeast.

[0021] Preferably, the composite algae comprises concentrated green algae, concentrated diatoms and spirulina powder in a mass ratio of 30-40:15-25:3-6.

[0022] Further preferably, the present invention claims protection for a method for preparing a composite biological agent, comprising uniformly mixing glucosamine, yeast, sodium tripolyphosphate, ethanol clostridial protein and composite algae to prepare the composite biological agent.

[0023] Furthermore, the present invention seeks to protect the use of the composite biological preparation in promoting shellfish growth and / or shellfish fattening.

[0024] More specifically, the promotion of shellfish growth refers to increasing the growth rate of shellfish. More specifically, the fattening of shellfish refers to increasing the meat yield and / or fatness of shellfish.

[0025] Furthermore, the present invention also seeks protection for a method for cultivating shellfish, which utilizes the composite biological preparation to cultivate shellfish.

[0026] In some embodiments, the composite biological preparation can be evenly stirred with clean water and then sprayed into a culture pond where shellfish are cultured.

[0027] Preferably, the culture conditions are: temperature 13-20°C, salinity 8-15‰, dissolved oxygen ≥ 5 mg / L. Further preferably, the culture conditions are: temperature 14-16°C, salinity 10-12‰.

[0028] Preferably, the mass ratio of the composite biological preparation to shellfish is 1:4500-6000.

[0029] Preferably, the frequency of use of the compound biological preparation is once every 12-24 hours.

[0030] Specifically, the shellfish is selected from one or more of oysters, scallops, pearl shells, baby conches, razor clams, clams, mussels, mussels, and cockles.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The present invention provides a composite biological preparation that, through the synergistic combination of clostridial alcohol protein, glucosamine, yeast, and sodium tripolyphosphate, can provide shellfish with rich nutrients, promote their absorption and utilization of nutrients, enable them to rapidly accumulate fat and protein, and increase their plumpness. By regulating the physiological functions of shellfish, it improves the rate and quality of muscle growth, thereby significantly increasing the meat gain rate and improving product quality. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is further described below with reference to the specification and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods, and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods, and equipment in the art.

[0034] Example 1 Preparation of a composite biological preparation

[0035] By weight, 4 parts of glucosamine (source: Xi'an Tianguangyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), 1 part of brewer's yeast (source: Beijing Par Sunshine Technology Development Co., Ltd.), 1 part of sodium tripolyphosphate (source: Hubei Xingfa Chemical Group Co., Ltd.), 10 parts of ethanolic clostridial protein (source: Beijing Shougang Langze Technology Co., Ltd.), 30 parts of Chlorella (source: Zhanjiang Hengxing Aquatic Technology Co., Ltd.), 3 parts of Spirulina powder (source: Xiamen Hailin Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), and 15 parts of concentrated Chaetoceros (source: Zhanjiang Hengxing Aquatic Technology Co., Ltd.) are mixed evenly to prepare a composite biological preparation.

[0036] Example 2 Preparation of a composite biological preparation

[0037] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0038] The composite biological preparation is prepared by uniformly mixing 8 parts of glucosamine, 2 parts of brewer's yeast, 4 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 30 parts of ethanolic clostridial protein, 40 parts of chlorella, 6 parts of spirulina powder and 25 parts of concentrated Chaetoceros algae by weight.

[0039] Example 3 Preparation of a composite biological preparation

[0040] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0041] The composite biological preparation is prepared by uniformly mixing 6 parts of glucosamine, 3 parts of brewer's yeast, 3 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 50 parts of ethanolic clostridial protein, 38 parts of chlorella, 4 parts of spirulina powder and 18 parts of concentrated Chaetoceros algae by weight.

[0042] Example 4 A method for cultivating shellfish

[0043] First, the indoor aquaculture ponds at the aquaculture base were thoroughly cleaned and disinfected to ensure a clean, pathogen-free environment. The water supply and drainage systems in the aquaculture ponds were checked for proper operation, ensuring timely water replacement and regulation. Tools for hanging oysters, such as ropes and hooks, were prepared, ensuring they were secure and reliable. The aquaculture ponds were 48 square meters in size, and bamboo rafts were arranged horizontally above the ponds, with 10 cm gaps between each raft to provide the oysters with adequate growth space.

[0044] Hong Kong oysters are harvested in offshore aquaculture areas, rinsed with seawater, and then transported from the sea to indoor aquaculture ponds. During transportation, care must be taken to keep the oysters moist and avoid prolonged exposure to air. Once in the indoor aquaculture ponds, the oysters are carefully suspended one by one on a bamboo raft above the ponds. Each pond is stocked with 10,000 jin of oysters, with a 10 cm gap between each raft to ensure secure and appropriate spacing. The water temperature in the aquaculture ponds is maintained at 13-15°C, a salinity of 14-15‰, and a dissolved oxygen level of ≥5 mg / L. The water is kept clean and replaced regularly to ensure a favorable growing environment.

[0045] During the cultivation process, the composite biological agent prepared in Example 1 was placed in a bucket, mixed evenly with 200 L of clean water, and then sprinkled into the cultivation pond. The mass ratio of the composite biological agent to the oysters was 1:5500. The agent was applied every 12 hours. The cultivation pond was regularly inspected to observe the growth and health of the oysters, and any abnormally dead oysters were promptly identified and disposed of.

[0046] Example 5 A method for cultivating shellfish

[0047] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that the composite biological preparation prepared in embodiment 2 is used.

[0048] Example 6 A method for cultivating shellfish

[0049] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that the composite biological preparation prepared in embodiment 3 is used.

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that the composite pharmaceutical preparation of Example 1 does not contain glucosamine.

[0052] Comparative Example 2

[0053] The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that the composite pharmaceutical preparation of Example 1 does not contain yeast.

[0054] Comparative Example 3

[0055] The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that the composite pharmaceutical preparation of Example 1 does not contain sodium tripolyphosphate.

[0056] Comparative Example 4

[0057] The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that the composite pharmaceutical preparation of Example 1 does not contain ethanolic Clostridium protein.

[0058] Comparative Example 5

[0059] The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that the composite pharmaceutical preparation of Example 1 contains only yeast.

[0060] Comparative Example 6

[0061] The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that the compound pharmaceutical preparation of Example 1 contains only glucosamine.

[0062] Comparative Example 7

[0063] The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that Chlorella is used to replace the composite pharmaceutical preparation of Example 1.

[0064] Comparative Example 8

[0065] The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is that concentrated Chaetoceros hornii is used to replace the composite pharmaceutical preparation of Example 1.

[0066] Test Case

[0067] The above examples and comparative examples were tested using the following test methods.

[0068] Preparation: prepare an electronic balance (accuracy up to 0.01 g), dissection tools (such as a knife, tweezers), a clean culture dish, an overflow beaker (accuracy up to 1 ml), a vernier caliper (accuracy up to 0.1 mm), an electronic balance (accuracy up to 0.01 g), a recording form, etc.

[0069] Initial data were recorded at the start of oyster culture and samples were taken after 45 days of culture.

[0070] Measurement Procedure: Before aquaculture, randomly select 30 oysters. Carefully open the shells with dissecting tools and remove the oyster meat intact, minimizing meat loss. Weigh the removed oyster meat on an electronic balance and record the weight as W1. After aquaculture, pry open the shells using the same method, drain the water from the shells, and weigh each oyster in its shell using an electronic balance. Record the weight as W2 (grams). Remove the oyster meat intact, minimizing meat loss. Weigh the removed oyster meat on an electronic balance and record the weight as W3 (grams).

[0071] Calculate the meat yield of each oyster using the formula: Meat yield = W3 / W2 x 100%. Add the meat yield data for 30 oysters and divide by 30 to get the average meat yield.

[0072] The weight growth rate of the oyster soft body was calculated using the formula: Weight growth rate = (W3 - W1) / W1 x 100%. The weight growth rate data for the soft body of 30 oysters were summed and divided by 30 to obtain the average weight growth rate of the oyster soft body.

[0073] Measurement of fatness: The measurement steps are as follows: the whole oyster, oyster shell, and oyster meat are gently placed in an overflow beaker filled with water in turn. The mass of water flowing out through the overflow port is recorded as V1, V2, and V3 respectively.

[0074] The formula for calculating fatness is: Fatness F = V3 / (V1 - V2) x 100%. Add the fatness data of 30 oysters and divide by 30 to get the average fatness.

[0075] The final test data of the above embodiments and comparative examples are shown in Table 1 below.

[0076] Table 1

[0077] Meat yield% Weight growth rate% Fatness% Example 4 33.84 8.39 40.37 Example 5 34.66 8.44 41.88 Example 6 33.03 8.20 38.95 Comparative Example 1 27.52 5.02 25.13 Comparative Example 2 28.35 5.17 25.58 Comparative Example 3 28.61 5.25 25.94 Comparative Example 4 23.88 4.89 24.05 Comparative Example 5 21.79 4.28 22.90 Comparative Example 6 21.25 4.12 22.66 Comparative Example 7 19.69 1.06 20.58 Comparative Example 8 20.33 1.24 20.75

[0078] As shown in Examples 4-6, the composite biological preparation provided by the present invention can significantly improve the meat yield, fatness, and growth rate of shellfish. Oysters cultured using the composite biological preparation achieved a meat yield of ≥33.03%, a weight growth rate of ≥8.20%, and a fatness of ≥38.95%.

[0079] As shown in Example 4 and Comparative Examples 1-4, the combination of ethanolic Clostridium protein, glucosamine, yeast, and sodium tripolyphosphate, along with the composite algae in the system, can synergistically increase the plumpness of shellfish, increase meat yield, and speed up their growth. Using any three combinations alone is unlikely to achieve the technical benefits of the present invention.

[0080] It can be seen from Example 4, Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 6 that it is difficult to achieve the technical effect of the present invention when only yeast or glucosamine is used to culture shellfish.

[0081] It can be seen from Example 4, Comparative Example 7 and Comparative Example 8 that when only Chlorella or concentrated Chaetoceros is used to culture shellfish, it is difficult to achieve the technical effect of the present invention.

[0082] The foregoing examples are merely illustrative, serving to illustrate some of the features of the method of the present invention. The appended claims are intended to claim the widest possible scope that can be envisioned, and the embodiments presented herein are demonstrated by the applicant's actual experimental results. Therefore, the applicant intends that the appended claims are not limited by the selection of examples illustrating the features of the present invention. Some numerical ranges used in the claims also include subranges therein, and variations in these ranges should also be interpreted as being covered by the appended claims where possible.

Claims

1. An application of a composite biological preparation in improving the meat yield, fatness and growth rate of shellfish, characterized in that: The composite biological preparation is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 4-8 parts of glucosamine, 1-3 parts of yeast, 1-4 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 5-50 parts of ethanolic clostridial protein, and 45-75 parts of composite algae; The composite algae is composed of concentrated green algae, concentrated diatoms and spirulina powder in a mass ratio of 30-40:15-25:3-6; The shellfish is oyster.

2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that The concentrated green algae is selected from one or more of Chlorella, Platymonas, Nannochloropsis, and Scenedesmus.

3. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that The concentrated diatoms are selected from one or more of concentrated Chaetoceros diatoms, Thalassiosira salina, Navicula salina, Nitzschia salina, and Cyclotella salina.

4. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the composite biological preparation comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing glucosamine, yeast, sodium tripolyphosphate, ethanol clostridial protein and composite algae to prepare the composite biological preparation.