Embedded skull repair material structure, drainage device and standby ventricular puncture guide plate

Abstract

The invention discloses an embedded skull repair material structure, a drainage device and a standby ventricular puncture guide plate, the embedded skull repair material structure comprises a skull repair material, an epidural drainage structure, a double-cavity catheter and an anti-reflux drainage bag, the skull repair material is vault-shaped, and the epidural drainage structure is located on one side of an inner concave surface of the skull repair material; according to the epidural drainage device, the epidural drainage structure is additionally arranged, the epidural bloody liquid between the skull repair material and the epidural is drained, the occupied space of the drainage tube is reduced in the drainage process, the drainage tube is inserted into the epidural drainage structure, and the epidural bloody liquid is drained out and discharged out of the body. The epidural drainage device has the advantages that the epidural bloody liquid between the skull repair material and the epidural is drained through the additional arrangement of the epidural drainage structure; by means of the structure, the drainage tube is prevented from extruding the dura mater, the drainage safety after the skull repair material is implanted is improved, the structure transfers the drainage part from the exterior of the repair material to the exterior of the dura mater, the hematoma forming rule is better met, and the drainage efficiency of epidural bloody liquid can be improved by arranging a plurality of drainage grooves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of skull repair structures, specifically to an embedded skull repair material structure and a drainage device and a spare ventricular puncture guide, and more particularly to an embedded skull repair material structure and a drainage device with an epidural drainage structure and temporal compensatory temporal muscle atrophy and thickening, as well as a spare ventricular puncture guide. Background Art

[0002] Skull repair materials are used when repairing skull defects. After skull repair surgery, epidural hematoma is often produced. In order to drain the epidural bloody fluid produced by the patient after surgery, multiple drainage holes need to be opened on the skull repair material structure. Usually, a medical drainage tube is placed under the scalp outside the repair material. Since hematoma is usually under the repair material rather than outside the repair material after surgery, the position of the catheter does not conform to the law of hematoma formation, and epidural hematoma may still be formed. There is also a method of inserting the drainage tube into the inner side of the skull repair material structure through the drainage hole, so that the drainage tube is located between the skull repair material structure and the dura mater, and then the epidural bloody fluid in the patient's skull is drained out by suction equipment. This method has the problem that after the drainage tube is inserted, only epidural bloody fluid in one position can be drained. When the epidural bloody fluid in other positions needs to be drained, the drainage tube cannot be rotated to change its position, which increases the inconvenience of use for medical staff. After the drainage tube is inserted, there is a space-occupying effect of the drainage tube itself, which affects the patient's postoperative recovery. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an embedded skull repair material structure that can improve the convenience of use and reduce the space occupied by the drainage tube, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an embedded skull repair material structure, comprising a skull repair material and an epidural drainage structure, wherein the skull repair material is dome-shaped, and the skull repair material is divided into an outer convex surface and an inner concave surface, and the epidural drainage structure is located on one side of the inner part of the skull repair material to drain the epidural bloody fluid, and during the operation, a drainage tube is inserted into the epidural drainage structure to drain the epidural bloody fluid out and discharge it to the outside of the body; the epidural drainage structure can drain the dural bloody fluid between the skull repair material and the dura mater, and during the drainage process, the space occupied by the drainage tube is reduced, and the drainage tube is prevented from squeezing the dura mater, thereby increasing the safety of drainage after the skull repair material is implanted. In addition, this setting transfers the drainage part from the outside of the repair material to the outside of the dura mater, which is more in line with the law of hematoma formation, and multiple drainage grooves can be set to improve the drainage efficiency of the epidural bloody fluid.

[0005] Preferably, the epidural drainage structure includes a catheter groove and a drainage groove opened on the skull repair material, the catheter groove is obliquely arranged from the outside to the inside in the center of the skull repair material, the drainage groove is opened on one side of the inner concave surface of the skull repair material, and one end of the drainage groove is connected to one end of the catheter groove; the epidural drainage structure can prevent the drainage tube from extending into the epidural and causing the drainage tube to occupy its own position, while avoiding the squeezing of the dura mater, thereby increasing the safety of use.

[0006] Preferably, the catheter groove is located at the highest point of the dome of the skull repair material and extends obliquely from the outer side of the skull repair material to the inner side, which facilitates the insertion of the drainage tube and the uniform array arrangement of the drainage grooves on the inner concave side of the skull repair material.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of drainage grooves are arranged in a circular array, and one end of each drainage groove is connected to one end of the catheter groove. The plurality of drainage grooves are arranged in an array, which can improve the drainage efficiency.

[0008] Preferably, arc-shaped chamfers are provided on both side edges of the drainage groove to prevent the edges and corners of the drainage groove from squeezing the patient's dura mater.

[0009] Preferably, the drainage groove is a concave drainage groove to avoid the drainage groove occupying a position on the concave surface side of the skull repair material.

[0010] Preferably, the temporal part of the skull repair material is thickened to compensate for the atrophy of the temporal muscle; according to the CT scan showing that the thickness of the affected side is more atrophied than that of the healthy side, the temporal outer side of the repair material is thickened so that the bilateral temporal parts are symmetrical after surgery, thereby improving the cosmetic effect of the patient.

[0011] The present invention also provides a drainage device for use with an embedded skull repair material structure, comprising: a double-lumen catheter, one end of the double-lumen catheter matches the catheter groove and is inserted into the interior of the catheter groove to extend toward the interior of the skull repair material, one end of the double-lumen catheter is provided with a sterile cap, the other end of the double-lumen catheter is provided with an anti-reflux drainage bag, the anti-reflux drainage bag has an anti-reflux port at one end that is connected to the double-lumen catheter, and the anti-reflux drainage bag is provided with an outlet at one end away from the anti-reflux port.

[0012] The present invention also provides a spare ventricular puncture guide, which is used in conjunction with an embedded skull repair material structure of the present invention. The Koch point on the skull repair material has a reserved bone hole and is compatible with the spare ventricular puncture guide. According to the position of the ventricle displayed by the head CT, the angle between the spare ventricular puncture guide and the base is designed, and the depth from the Koch point to the frontal angle of the lateral ventricle is measured to ensure that the ventricular drainage tube can enter the ventricle at a suitable angle and to a suitable depth during the operation.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The present invention optimizes the structure of the embedded skull repair material of the existing epidural drainage structure, and by adding the epidural drainage structure, it can drain the dural bloody fluid between the skull repair material and the dura mater, and during the drainage process, the space occupied by the drainage tube is reduced to avoid squeezing the dura mater by the drainage tube, thereby increasing the safety of drainage after the skull repair material is implanted. In addition, this arrangement transfers the drainage part from the outside of the repair material to the outside of the dura mater, which is more in line with the law of hematoma formation, and multiple drainage grooves can be arranged to improve the drainage efficiency of the epidural bloody fluid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the skull repair material of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner concave surface of the skull repair material of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spare ventricle puncture guide plate in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the Koch point in the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. skull repair material; 2. drainage groove; 3. catheter groove; 1a. outer convex surface; 1b. inner concave surface; 4. double-lumen catheter; 5. sterile cap; 6. anti-reflux drainage bag; 7. anti-reflux port; 8. outlet; 9. spare ventricular puncture guide; 10. Koch point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2The figure shows an embedded skull repair material structure, including a skull repair material 1 with thickened temporal part (according to the degree of temporal muscle atrophy, the temporal skull is convex and thickened) and an epidural drainage structure. The skull repair material 1 is dome-shaped, and the skull repair material 1 is divided into an outer convex surface 1a and an inner concave surface 1b. Different from the conventional drainage tube placed on the convex side of the skull repair material, the epidural drainage structure of this embodiment is located on the inner side of the skull repair material 1 (that is, on the side of the inner concave surface 1b), draining the epidural bloody fluid and discharging it out of the body.

[0024] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The epidural drainage structure shown in the figure includes a catheter groove 3 and a drainage groove 2 opened on the skull repair material 1. The catheter groove 3 is arranged in the center of the skull repair material 1 from the outside to the inside, and the drainage groove 2 is opened on one side of the inner concave surface 1b of the skull repair material 1, and one end of the drainage groove 2 is connected to one end of the catheter groove 3.

[0025] When designing and using the embedded skull repair material structure of the epidural drainage structure: first, the skull repair material 1 is implanted into the patient's injured part, and then the drainage tube used during the operation is inserted into the catheter groove, and a small hole is poked on one side of the patient's skull skin to lead out the drainage tube, and finally the patient's wound is sutured; when the patient has an epidural hematoma after the skull repair operation, a suction device is used to connect to one end of the drainage tube for suction. During the suction, the epidural bloody fluid between the skull repair material and the dura mater will enter the drainage tube through the drainage groove of the inner concave surface, and then enter the suction device through the drainage tube. At this time, the epidural bloody fluid between the dura mater and the skull repair material can be drained and discharged, which plays a role in draining the epidural hematoma, increases the convenience of use, and at the same time, there is no need to remove the drainage tube during use. One end extends to the inside of the outer side of the dura mater, which can avoid the drainage tube occupying the space between the skull repair material and the dura mater, avoid the drainage tube from squeezing the dura mater, and multiple drainage grooves can be set to improve the drainage efficiency; when in use, physiological saline can be dripped between the skull repair material and the dura mater through the drainage tube to prevent the bloody liquid from forming a hematoma that is difficult to drain; if a hematoma has already formed, urokinase and other hematoma-dissolving drugs can be injected to drain the solidified hematoma, and the drug is dispersed into multiple drainage grooves through one end of the drainage tube, which accelerates the contact with the hematoma and improves the efficiency of the drug's dispersed flow after entering the outer side of the dura mater; if an infection occurs after surgery, antibiotics can be injected through the above structure to drain inflammatory exudate and control the infection; usually 48 hours after the bleeding stops, a re-examination of the head CT shows no residual hematoma, at which time the drainage tube is pulled out and the scalp puncture point can be sutured.

[0026] The device has a simple structure and is easy to operate and use. By adding an epidural drainage structure, it can drain the dural bloody fluid between the skull repair material and the dura mater, and during the drainage process, the space occupied by the drainage tube is reduced to avoid squeezing the dura mater by the drainage tube, thereby increasing the safety of drainage after the skull repair material is implanted. In addition, this setting transfers the drainage part from the outside of the repair material to the outside of the dura mater, which is more in line with the law of hematoma formation, and multiple drainage grooves can be set to improve the drainage efficiency of the epidural bloody fluid.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment further explains Example 1. The skull repair material 1 and the epidural drainage structure shown in the figure are dome-shaped. The skull repair material 1 is divided into an outer convex surface 1a and an inner concave surface 1b. The epidural drainage structure is located on one side of the inner part of the skull repair material 1 to drain the epidural bloody fluid and discharge it out of the body.

[0029] See also Figure 1 The catheter groove 3 shown in the figure is located at the highest point of the dome of the skull repair material 1, and extends obliquely from the outer side of the skull repair material 1 to the inner side thereof;

[0030] See also Figure 2 In the figure, a plurality of drainage grooves 2 are arranged in a circular array, and one end of each drainage groove 2 is connected to one end of the catheter groove 3.

[0031] In this embodiment, the catheter groove 3 is opened at the highest point of the dome of the skull repair material 1, so that when the drainage groove on the concave surface of the skull repair material 1 is opened, the symmetrical drainage groove 2 can be located at the center of the catheter groove 3. The catheter groove 3 is tilted to facilitate the insertion of the drainage tube; a plurality of drainage grooves 2 are equidistantly arranged in a circle at one end of the drainage groove 2 and located on the inner concave surface side of the skull repair material 1, which can speed up the drainage of epidural bloody fluid. The drainage groove 2 is connected with one end of the catheter groove 3, so that after the drainage tube is inserted into the catheter groove 3, one end of the drainage tube can be connected with one end of each drainage groove 2.

[0032] Example 3

[0033] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment further illustrates other embodiments. The skull repair material 1 and the epidural drainage structure shown in the figure are dome-shaped. The skull repair material 1 is divided into an outer convex surface 1a and an inner concave surface 1b. The epidural drainage structure is located on one side of the inner part of the skull repair material 1 to drain the epidural bloody fluid and discharge it out of the body.

[0034] See also Figure 2, the edges of both sides of the drainage groove 2 shown in the figure are provided with arc chamfers;

[0035] See also Figure 2 The drainage groove 2 shown in the figure is a concave drainage groove.

[0036] In this embodiment, arc-shaped chamfers are provided on the edges of both sides of the drainage groove 2, which can ensure a smooth connection between the drainage groove 2 and the inner concave surface 1b of the skull repair material 1, and avoid the edges of the drainage groove 2 from causing squeezing of the patient's dura mater when the skull repair material 1 is used, thereby increasing the safety of the use of the skull repair material 1; the drainage groove 2 is set to be concave, which can reduce the space occupied by the inner concave surface 1b of the skull repair material 1, and at the same time can reduce the squeezing of the dura mater.

[0037] Example 4

[0038] See also Figure 1 , a drainage device shown in the figure includes a double-lumen catheter (one thick and one thin, the thin one is used for flushing, and the thick one is used for drainage), one end of the double-lumen catheter matches the catheter slot and is inserted into the inside of the catheter slot to extend into the inside of the skull repair material, one end of the double-lumen catheter is provided with a sterile cap, and the other end of the double-lumen catheter is provided with an anti-reflux drainage bag, the anti-reflux drainage bag has an anti-reflux port at one end connected to the double-lumen catheter, and the anti-reflux drainage bag is provided with an outlet at one end away from the anti-reflux port, wherein a drainage device can be used in conjunction with an embedded skull repair material structure. This embodiment is also equipped with a spare ventricular puncture guide.

[0039] In this embodiment, when in use, one end of the double-lumen catheter 4 is inserted into the catheter groove 3 at the top of the skull repair material 1, and the insertion connection between the double-lumen catheter 4 and the skull repair material 1 can be realized. When the inside of the skull repair material 1 is flushed for the patient, the sterile cover 5 at one end of the double-lumen catheter 4 is opened, and then the cleaning liquid is injected from one end of the removed sterile cap 5 to flush each part thereof. The flushing cleaning liquid will be drained through the other end of the double-lumen catheter 4 into the anti-reflux drainage bag 6 to collect the flushing liquid and the accumulated fluid, which is convenient for the operation and use of medical staff.

[0040] After cranioplasty, temporalis muscle atrophy usually occurs to varying degrees. This design thickens the temporal part to compensate for the atrophy of the temporalis muscle. The wound surface of the temporalis muscle and the meninges is relatively large, and dural hematoma often occurs. Therefore, a matching double-lumen drainage tube is designed, one for drainage, and the other for flushing with drugs such as urokinase or antibiotics. In addition, according to the position of the ventricles shown by imaging, bone holes are reserved at Koch points 10 on the repair material, and a matching spare ventricular puncture guide 9 is provided to complete the ventriculoperitoneal drainage surgery at the same time, or external drainage during ventriculocentesis to relieve brain herniation, which is convenient for embedding cranioplasty materials.

[0041] like Figure 4The figure shows the structure of the spare ventricular puncture guide. Figure 4 The bottom is a base that fits the repair material, that is, the base, and the top is a spare ventricle puncture guide plate 9. Figure 5 The Koch point 10 shown is directly opposite to the cerebral ventricle. The Koch point 10 on the skull repair material 1 reserves a bone hole. Figure 4 The base is an arc surface that matches the patch material. The spare ventricular puncture guide plate 9 passes through the Kocher point on the patch material to a depth that does not exceed the thickness of the patch material. The ventricular drainage tube passes through the spare ventricular puncture guide plate 9 and enters the hole reserved for the Kocher point to reach the depth measured during the design. The front end of the catheter is just located at the frontal angle of the lateral ventricle.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An embedded skull repair material structure, characterized in that: include: A skull repair material (1), wherein the skull repair material (1) is dome-shaped and is divided into an outer convex surface (1a) and an inner concave surface (1b); The epidural drainage structure is located on one side of the interior of the skull repair material (1) and is used to drain the epidural bloody fluid and discharge it out of the body.

2. The embedded skull repair material structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The epidural drainage structure comprises a catheter groove (3) and a drainage groove (2) opened on the skull repair material (1); the catheter groove (3) is arranged obliquely from the outside to the inside at the center of the skull repair material (1); the drainage groove (2) is opened on one side of the inner concave surface (1b) of the skull repair material (1), and one end of the drainage groove (2) is connected to one end of the catheter groove (3).

3. The embedded skull repair material structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The catheter groove (3) is located at the highest point of the dome of the skull repair material (1), and extends obliquely from the outer side of the skull repair material (1) toward the inner side thereof.

4. The embedded skull repair material structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of drainage grooves (2) are arranged in a circular array, and one end of each drainage groove (2) is connected to one end of the catheter groove (3).

5. The embedded skull repair material structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Arc chamfers are provided on both side edges of the drainage groove (2).

6. The embedded skull repair material structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drainage groove (2) is an inwardly concave drainage groove.

7. The embedded skull repair material structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temporal part of the skull repair material (1) is thickened to compensate for the atrophy of the temporal muscles; according to the thickness of the affected side that is atrophied more than the healthy side as shown on the CT scan, the temporal part of the repair material is thickened on the outside, and the temporal parts of both sides are symmetrical after surgery.

8. A drainage device, used in conjunction with an embedded skull repair material structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: A double-lumen catheter (4), one end of which matches the catheter groove (3) and is inserted into the interior of the catheter groove (3) to extend into the interior of the skull repair material (1), one end of the double-lumen catheter (4) is provided with a sterile cap (5), and the other end of the double-lumen catheter (4) is provided with an anti-reflux drainage bag (6), the anti-reflux drainage bag (6) has an anti-reflux port (7) at one end that is connected to the double-lumen catheter (4), and the anti-reflux drainage bag (6) is provided with an outlet (8) at one end away from the anti-reflux port (7).

9. A spare ventricular puncture guide plate, used in conjunction with an embedded skull repair material structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A bone hole is reserved at the Koch point (10) on the skull repair material (1) and matched with the spare ventricle puncture guide (9); the angle between the spare ventricle puncture guide (9) and the base is designed according to the position of the ventricle shown by the head CT scan, and the depth from the Koch point (10) to the frontal angle of the lateral ventricle is measured.

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