A sleeve-type ammonia gas-liquid separator and system for ammonia decomposition reaction

Abstract

The present application discloses a sleeve-type ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction, comprising a liquid ammonia pipeline and a heating pipeline, wherein the liquid ammonia pipeline is a curved structure, the liquid ammonia pipeline is composed of a plurality of flow pipelines and a plurality of heat exchange pipelines, the heat exchange pipeline is a curved structure, the flow pipeline is correspondingly connected to the end of the heat exchange pipeline, and the heat exchange pipeline is located below the flow pipeline; a drainage pipeline is arranged below the heat exchange pipeline, and the drainage pipeline is used to discharge excess liquid ammonia; the structure of the heating pipeline corresponds to that of the liquid ammonia pipeline, the heating pipeline is sleeved on the outside of the liquid ammonia pipeline, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the heating pipeline and the outer wall of the liquid ammonia pipeline. The separator has a simple structure, a small volume, good heat exchange and separation effects, can better separate and gasify liquid ammonia, and is autonomously controlled in combination with temperature and liquid level sensors to avoid damage to the rear-end ammonia decomposition equipment, so it is very suitable for mobile on-site ammonia decomposition hydrogen production equipment, which is conducive to the further promotion and application of hydrogen energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ammonia decomposition hydrogen production equipment, and in particular to a shell-and-tube ammonia gas-liquid separator and a system suitable for ammonia decomposition reaction. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is recognized as the most promising "future energy" due to its excellent energy density and environmental friendliness, but its high transportation cost has limited its development to a certain extent; ammonia, as a good hydrogen storage body and its easy liquefaction, has made the ammonia on-site hydrogen production route a focus of attention; in the actual application of ammonia hydrogen production, when the ambient temperature is low and the system pressure is high, ammonia often enters the reaction system in the form of liquid, which directly leads to the temperature runaway of the ammonia flowmeter and the reactor system, and finally terminates the ammonia decomposition reaction; in the industrial ammonia decomposition reaction, in order to fully vaporize the liquid ammonia, evaporation is generally increased at the outlet of the ammonia tank; however, evaporators generally have problems such as large size, high cost and difficulty in installation, and are not suitable for mobile on-site ammonia hydrogen production scenarios; therefore, the development of an ammonia gas-liquid separator with simple structure, small size and low cost is of great significance to the promotion of the application of mobile on-site ammonia hydrogen production.

[0003] Chinese patent CN106178558A discloses a high-efficiency liquid ammonia evaporator, including a liquid ammonia tank body, at least two groups of steam heating elements are arranged in the liquid ammonia tank body, a jacketed tank body is arranged outside the liquid ammonia tank body, a condensate secondary utilization cavity is provided between the jacketed tank body and the liquid ammonia tank body, a steam condensate outlet is provided on the wall of the jacketed tank body, each group of evaporation and heating components has an independent steam outer pipe or shares the same steam outer pipe, and has an independent steam inlet which is opened and closed by a control valve, and a steam condensate transmission channel between the steam outer pipe and the steam inner pipe of the steam heating component is connected to the steam condensate secondary utilization cavity. The high-efficiency liquid ammonia evaporator improves the range and makes the range precisely controllable, can supply a large amount of liquid ammonia, has complete energy conversion and good energy saving effect; however, the liquid ammonia evaporator cannot achieve full and uniform vaporization of liquid ammonia in the case of large volume of liquid ammonia; and the heat and amount of liquid ammonia in the vaporization process cannot be accurately controlled, resulting in certain energy waste. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects that the ammonia gas-liquid separator in the prior art has a complex structure, a large volume, a poor gas-liquid separation effect for large volumes of liquid ammonia, the heat and the amount of liquid ammonia cannot be accurately controlled during the vaporization process, and there are energy waste and the like; a sleeve-type ammonia gas-liquid separator and a system suitable for ammonia decomposition reaction are provided, which have a small structure, a high degree of integration, a good separation effect, and can control the heat and the amount of liquid ammonia during the vaporization process.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a sleeve-type ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction, comprising a liquid ammonia pipeline and a heating pipeline; the liquid ammonia pipeline is composed of a plurality of flow pipelines and a plurality of heat exchange pipelines connected, the heat exchange pipeline is a curved structure, the diameter of the heat exchange pipeline is larger than the diameter of the flow pipeline, and the heat exchange pipeline is located below the flow pipeline; the two ends of each heat exchange pipeline are correspondingly connected to a flow pipeline, and the heat exchange pipeline and the two connected flow pipelines together form a vaporization pipeline with a U-shaped structure; a liquid ammonia branch is provided between two adjacent vaporization pipelines, and the two adjacent vaporization pipelines are connected through the liquid ammonia branch; a drain pipeline is connected below the heat exchange pipeline, and the drain pipeline is used to discharge excess liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia pipeline; the structure of the heating pipeline corresponds to the structure of the liquid ammonia pipeline, the heating pipeline is sleeved on the outside of the liquid ammonia pipeline, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the heating pipeline and the outer wall of the liquid ammonia pipeline.

[0006] Furthermore, the liquid ammonia pipeline includes two first flow pipelines, a first heat exchange pipeline, two second flow pipelines and a second heat exchange pipeline; the first heat exchange pipeline is a curved structure, and the two ends of the first heat exchange pipeline are respectively connected to the two first flow pipelines, the first heat exchange pipeline is located below the first flow pipeline, and the two first flow pipelines and the first heat exchange pipeline together constitute a first vaporization pipeline with a U-shaped structure; a liquid ammonia connector is provided on one end of one of the first flow pipelines away from the first heat exchange pipeline, the liquid ammonia connector is a curved structure, and the other end of the liquid ammonia connector is connected to one of the second flow pipelines, and the liquid ammonia connector is located at the same time. Above the second flow pipe and the first flow pipe, the liquid ammonia connector, a second flow pipe and a first flow pipe together form a transition pipe with a U-shaped structure; the end of the second flow pipe connected to the liquid ammonia connector away from the liquid ammonia connector is connected to the second heat exchange pipe, and the second heat exchange pipe is a curved structure. The two ends of the second heat exchange pipe are respectively connected to the two second flow pipes, and the second heat exchange pipe is located below the two second flow pipes at the same time. The second heat exchange pipe and the two second flow pipes together form a second vaporization pipe with a U-shaped structure; the second heat exchange pipe is connected to the drain pipe, and the drain pipe is provided with a second solenoid valve.

[0007] Furthermore, a plurality of heat exchange fins are arranged on the outer wall of the liquid ammonia pipeline, and the plurality of heat exchange fins are arranged at intervals from each other; and a corrosion-resistant coating is coated on the inner wall of the liquid ammonia pipeline.

[0008] Furthermore, the diameter of the first heat exchange pipe is 2 to 10 times the diameter of the connected first flow pipe, and the diameter of the second heat exchange pipe is 2 to 10 times the diameter of the connected second flow pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, both ends of the liquid ammonia branch are respectively connected to a first flow pipe and a second flow pipe, and the liquid ammonia branch is located 50 to 150 mm below the top of the liquid ammonia connector.

[0010] Furthermore, the heating pipe includes two first vertical pipes, a first heat exchange chamber, two second vertical pipes and a second heat exchange chamber, the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber are both curved structures, the two ends of the first heat exchange chamber are respectively connected to the two first vertical pipes, the first heat exchange chamber and the two first vertical pipes together constitute a first heating zone of a U-shaped structure; the two ends of the second heat exchange chamber are respectively connected to the two second vertical pipes, the second heat exchange chamber and the two second vertical pipes together constitute a second heating zone of a U-shaped structure; the first heating zone is sleeved on the outside of the second vaporization pipe, and the second heating zone is sleeved on the outside of the first vaporization pipe; a heat exchange connector is arranged between one of the first vertical pipes and one of the second vertical pipes, the heat exchange connector is a curved structure, the heat exchange connector is located above the first vertical pipe and the second vertical pipe at the same time, and the two ends of the heat exchange connector are respectively connected to a first vertical pipe and a second vertical pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the first heat exchange chamber is 2 to 10 times the inner diameter of the first vertical pipe, and the inner diameter of the second heat exchange chamber is 2 to 10 times the inner diameter of the second vertical pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the liquid ammonia pipeline is a liquid ammonia inlet, and the other end of the liquid ammonia pipeline is an ammonia gas outlet; one end of the heating pipeline is a heat medium inlet, and the other end of the heating pipeline is a heat medium outlet. The heat medium inlet and the ammonia gas outlet are arranged close to each other, and the heat medium outlet and the liquid ammonia inlet are arranged close to each other. The flow direction of liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia pipeline is opposite to the flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the heating pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature sensor, which is arranged near the heat medium inlet. A first solenoid valve is arranged above the heat medium inlet, and the first solenoid valve is electrically connected to the temperature sensor.

[0014] The present application also discloses an ammonia decomposition system including the above-mentioned sleeve-type ammonia decomposition separator for ammonia decomposition reaction, and also includes: a liquid ammonia tank: the liquid ammonia tank is connected to the liquid ammonia inlet, and the liquid ammonia tank is used to provide liquid ammonia to the liquid ammonia pipeline; an ammonia decomposition reactor: the ammonia decomposition reactor includes a flue gas pipeline and an ammonia decomposition pipeline, and high-temperature flue gas flows through the flue gas pipeline; the gas inlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline is connected to the liquid ammonia pipeline; the flue gas outlet of the flue gas pipeline is connected to the heating pipeline; an application device: the application device is connected to the gas outlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline.

[0015] The sleeve-type ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction described in the present invention adopts a sleeve-type structure in which a curved heating pipe is sleeved on a liquid ammonia pipe which is also a curved structure and has a corresponding structure. A plurality of fins are arranged on the outer wall of the liquid ammonia pipe to fully exchange heat with a heat exchange medium, and a heat exchange chamber with a larger inner diameter is arranged at the bottom to perform secondary evaporation of the separated liquid ammonia; the evaporation effect of the liquid ammonia and the separation effect of the liquid ammonia and the ammonia gas are simultaneously improved; combined with a liquid level sensor, a drainage pipe, a temperature sensor and a plurality of solenoid valves, the ammonia gas-liquid separator has automatic processing measures for excessive or insufficient heat exchange; if the heat exchange is small, there is too much liquid ammonia; the excess liquid ammonia is automatically discharged through the drainage pipe and the solenoid valve; if the heat exchange is large, the ammonia temperature is too high, the opening of the corresponding solenoid valve is adjusted and the entry of the heat medium is prevented; the sleeve-type ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, better separation effect, etc., and can be well applied to mobile on-site ammonia hydrogen production equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a sleeve-type ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid ammonia pipeline of a sleeve-type ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction.

[0019] 10-liquid ammonia inlet, 1-liquid ammonia pipeline, 11-flow pipeline, 111-first flow pipeline, 112-first heat exchange pipeline, 12-heat exchange pipeline, 121-second flow pipeline, 122-second heat exchange pipeline, 13-liquid ammonia connector, 14-ammonia outlet, 2-heating pipeline, 20-heat medium inlet, 21-first vertical pipeline, 22-second vertical pipeline, 23-heat medium outlet, 24-heat exchange connector, 25-first heat exchange chamber, 26-second heat exchange chamber, 3-drainage pipeline, 4, first solenoid valve, 5-heat exchange fins, 6-liquid ammonia branch, 7-liquid level sensor, 8-temperature sensor, 9-second solenoid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a sleeve-type ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction described in the present invention comprises a liquid ammonia pipeline 1 and a heating pipeline 2; the liquid ammonia pipeline 1 is a curved structure, and the liquid ammonia pipeline 1 is composed of a plurality of flow pipelines 11 and a plurality of heat exchange pipelines 12 connected together, the heat exchange pipeline 12 is a curved structure, the flow pipeline 11 is correspondingly connected to the end of the heat exchange pipeline 12, and the heat exchange pipeline 12 is located below the flow pipeline 11; a drain pipeline 3 is arranged below the heat exchange pipeline 12, and the drain pipeline 3 is used to discharge excess liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia pipeline 1; the structure of the heating pipeline 2 corresponds to that of the liquid ammonia pipeline 1, the heating pipeline 2 is sleeved on the outside of the liquid ammonia pipeline 1, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the heating pipeline 2 and the outer wall of the liquid ammonia pipeline 1.

[0022] like Figure 2 As shown, the liquid ammonia pipeline 1 includes two first flow pipelines 111 and a first heat exchange pipeline 112, the first heat exchange pipeline 112 is a curved structure, the two ends of the first heat exchange pipeline 112 are arranged toward the direction close to the first flow pipeline 111, the two ends of the first heat exchange pipeline 112 are respectively connected with the two first flow pipelines 111, the first heat exchange pipeline 112 is located below the first flow pipeline 111, and the two first flow pipelines 111 and the first heat exchange pipeline 112 together form a first vaporization pipeline with a U-shaped structure; one end of one of the first flow pipelines 111 is liquid ammonia The inlet 10 is used to introduce liquid ammonia into the first flow pipe 111. After the liquid ammonia enters the first flow pipe 111 through the liquid ammonia inlet 10, the liquid ammonia flows along the extension direction of the first flow pipe 111 toward the direction close to the first heat exchange pipe 112 and enters the first heat exchange pipe 112, and then enters another first flow pipe 111 connected to the first heat exchange pipe 112 through the first heat exchange pipe 112 with a curved structure. The liquid ammonia and part of the vaporized ammonia gas flow in the flow pipe 11 in the direction away from the first heat exchange pipe 112.

[0023] In order to improve the separation effect between liquid ammonia and ammonia gas and improve the vaporization effect of liquid ammonia, specifically, a liquid ammonia connector 13 is provided at one end of the first flow pipe 111 away from the first heat exchange pipe 112, and the liquid ammonia connector 13 is a curved structure; the ammonia gas and the remaining liquid ammonia after preliminary vaporization flow out of the first flow pipe 111 and enter the liquid ammonia connector 13 with a curved structure to continue heat exchange and gas-liquid separation, and the remaining liquid ammonia that has not been fully heat exchanged flows downward under the action of gravity and is discharged from the liquid ammonia connector 13, so that the liquid ammonia and ammonia gas are effectively separated while the liquid ammonia is heated and vaporized.

[0024] In order to continue to promote the residual liquid in the separated ammonia and continue to vaporize the separated liquid ammonia, thereby increasing the overall ammonia production; preferably, the other end of the liquid ammonia connector 13 is connected to the second flow pipe 121, and the liquid ammonia connector 13, one of the second flow pipes 121 and one of the first flow pipes 111 together form a U-structured transition pipe, and the liquid ammonia connector 13 is located above the second flow pipe 121 and the first flow pipe 111; the end of the second flow pipe 121 away from the liquid ammonia connector 13 is connected to the second heat exchange pipe 122, and the second heat exchange pipe 122 is a curved structure, and the two ends of the second heat exchange pipe 122 are respectively connected to the two second flow pipes 121, and the second heat exchange pipe 122 is located below the two second flow pipes 121, and the second heat exchange pipe 122 and the two second flow pipes 121 together form a second vaporization pipe with a U-shaped structure; from the liquid After the liquid ammonia separated in the ammonia connector 13 and the ammonia gas after heating and vaporization enter the second flow pipe 121, the ammonia gas and the liquid ammonia flow downward along the extension direction of the second flow pipe 121 and enter the second heat exchange pipe 122 with a curved structure. During the flow process, the liquid ammonia continues to absorb heat and evaporate. Under the action of gravity, the liquid ammonia and the separated liquid water continuously flow into the second heat exchange pipe 122 and are deposited in the second heat exchange pipe 122. The evaporated ammonia gas enters another second flow pipe 121 and flows in a direction away from the second heat exchange pipe 122; thereby further removing the residual liquid ammonia in the ammonia gas and achieving the purpose of fully separating the ammonia gas and liquid; one end of one of the second flow pipes 121 is an ammonia outlet 14, and the ammonia outlet 14 is arranged away from the second heat exchange pipe 122. The ammonia gas that has been vaporized and fully separated from the liquid ammonia and liquid water is discharged from the liquid ammonia pipe 1 from the ammonia outlet 14.

[0025] In order to better improve the separation effect between liquid ammonia and ammonia gas, and at the same time improve the evaporation and gasification effect of liquid ammonia, preferably, the diameter of the first heat exchange pipe 112 is larger than the diameter of the first flow pipe 111 connected thereto, and the diameter of the second heat exchange pipe 122 is larger than the diameter of the second flow pipe 121 connected thereto. Since the first heat exchange pipe 112 is located below the first flow pipe 111, and the second heat exchange pipe 122 is located below the second flow pipe 121, during the flow of liquid ammonia, the liquid ammonia can be quickly and fully stored in the first heat exchange pipe 112 and the second flow pipe 121 under the action of gravity. The ammonia gas formed after vaporization flows in the direction away from the first heat exchange pipe 112 and the second heat exchange pipe 122, respectively, so as to achieve full and effective separation of ammonia gas and liquid ammonia. Moreover, by storing the liquid ammonia, it is also beneficial to the centralized heating of the liquid ammonia, promote the effective utilization of heat, and facilitate the further vaporization of the liquid ammonia to form ammonia gas. In order to improve the heating effect of the liquid ammonia and the ammonia gas, preferably, a plurality of heat exchange fins 5 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the liquid ammonia pipe 1, and the plurality of heat exchange fins 5 are arranged at intervals from each other, and the installation direction of the plurality of heat exchange fins 5 is the same as that of the corresponding heat exchange fins 5. The installation directions of the connected liquid ammonia pipelines 1 are perpendicular to each other, and there is a gap between the plurality of heat exchange fins 5 and the inner wall of the heating pipeline 2 for the circulation of the heat exchange medium in the heating pipeline 2; since the diameter of the first heat exchange pipeline 112 is larger than the diameter of the connected first flow pipeline 111, the diameter of the second heat exchange pipeline 122 is larger than the diameter of the connected second flow pipeline 121, the inner diameter of the heat exchange fin 5 connected to the first heat exchange pipeline 112 is larger than the inner diameter of the heat exchange fin 5 connected to the first flow pipeline 111, and the inner diameter of the heat exchange fin 5 connected to the second heat exchange pipeline 122 is larger than the inner diameter of the heat exchange fin 5 connected to the first flow pipeline 111. The diameter of the first heat exchange pipe 112 is larger than the inner diameter of the heat exchange fin 5 connected to the second flow pipe 121; by evenly arranging a plurality of heat exchange fins 5 on the outer wall of the liquid ammonia pipe 1 at intervals, the turbulence degree of the heat exchange medium in the heating pipe 2 can be increased, thereby increasing the heat exchange area between the heat exchange medium and the liquid ammonia inside the liquid ammonia pipe 1, improving the heating effect of the liquid ammonia and promoting the full gasification of the liquid ammonia; more preferably, the diameter of the first heat exchange pipe 112 is 2 to 10 times the diameter of the first flow pipe 111 connected thereto, and the diameter of the second heat exchange pipe 122 is 2 to 10 times the diameter of the second flow pipe 121 connected thereto.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, the heating pipe 2 includes two first vertical pipes 21, a first heat exchange chamber 25, two second vertical pipes 22 and a second heat exchange chamber 26, the first heat exchange chamber 25 and the second heat exchange chamber 26 are both curved structures, the two ends of the first heat exchange chamber 25 are respectively connected to the two first vertical pipes 21, the first heat exchange chamber 25 and the two first vertical pipes 21 together form a first heating zone of a U-shaped structure, the two ends of the second heat exchange chamber 26 are respectively connected to the two second vertical pipes 22, the second heat exchange chamber 26 and the two second vertical pipes 22 together form a second heating zone of a U-shaped structure; wherein, the structure of the first vertical pipe 21 and the second flow pipe The structure of the first heat exchange chamber 25 corresponds to that of the second heat exchange pipe 122, the structure of the second vertical pipe 22 corresponds to that of the first flow pipe 111, and the structure of the second heat exchange chamber 26 corresponds to that of the first heat exchange pipe 112; the first vertical pipe 21 is sleeved outside the second flow pipe 121, the first heat exchange chamber 25 is sleeved outside the second heat exchange pipe 122, the second vertical pipe 22 is sleeved outside the first flow pipe 111, and the second heat exchange chamber 26 is sleeved outside the first heat exchange pipe 112; there is a gap between the first vertical pipe 21 and the second flow pipe 121 There is a gap between the first heat exchange chamber 25 and the second heat exchange pipe 122, there is a gap between the second vertical pipe 22 and the first flow pipe 111, and there is a gap between the second heat exchange chamber 26 and the first heat exchange pipe 112; the gap between the heating pipe 2 and the liquid ammonia pipe 1 is used for the circulation of heat exchange medium; further, a heat exchange connector 24 is provided between the first vertical pipe 21 and the second vertical pipe 22, and the heat exchange connector 24 is a curved structure. The structure of the heat exchange connector 24 corresponds to the structure of the liquid ammonia connector 13, and the two ends of the heat exchange connector 24 are arranged downward and are respectively connected to the first vertical pipe 21 and the second vertical pipe 22 The heat exchange connector 24 is located above the first vertical pipe 21 and the second vertical pipe 22, and the heat exchange connector 24, the first vertical pipe 21 and the second vertical pipe 22 together form a U-shaped structure; the heat exchange connector 24 is sleeved outside the liquid ammonia connector 13 and there is a gap between the heat exchange connector 24 and the liquid ammonia connector 13; the gap between the heat exchange connector 24 and the liquid ammonia connector 13 is used for the circulation of heat exchange medium, when the heat exchange medium flows through the gap between the heat exchange connector 24 and the liquid ammonia connector 13, the heat is transferred to the ammonia gas and a small amount of liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia connector 13; the residual liquid ammonia in the ammonia gas is heated, and the liquid ammonia and ammonia gas are separated by gravity;More specifically, one end of the second vertical pipe 22 is a heat medium outlet 23, and one end of the first vertical pipe 21 is a heat medium inlet 20. ;

[0027] Among them, the inner diameter of the first heat exchange chamber 25 is larger than the inner diameter of the first vertical pipe 21, and the inner diameter of the second heat exchange chamber 26 is larger than the inner diameter of the second vertical pipe 22; when the heat exchange medium flows in the heating pipe 2, the first heat exchange chamber 25 and the second heat exchange chamber 26 can store the heat exchange medium to form an evaporation chamber, so that the heat of the heat exchange medium can be fully exchanged, which is beneficial to the evaporation of liquid ammonia; in order to improve the heat exchange effect between the heat exchange medium and the liquid ammonia, more preferably, the heat medium outlet 23 is arranged close to the liquid ammonia inlet 10, and the heat medium inlet 20 is arranged close to the ammonia outlet 9, and the flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the heating pipe 2 is opposite to the flow direction of the liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia pipe 1, thereby forming a reverse flow, improving the heat exchange temperature difference between the heat exchange medium and the liquid ammonia, which is beneficial to the effective heating of the liquid ammonia; the inner diameter of the first heat exchange chamber 25 is 2 to 10 times the inner diameter of the first vertical pipe 21, and the inner diameter of the second heat exchange chamber 26 is 2 to 10 times the inner diameter of the second vertical pipe 22.

[0028] In order to promote the circulation of liquid ammonia, better improve the separation effect between liquid ammonia and ammonia gas, and also help control the flow rate of liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia pipeline 1; the curved liquid ammonia pipeline 1 is connected with a liquid ammonia branch 6, and both ends of the liquid ammonia branch 6 are connected to the liquid ammonia pipeline 1; specifically, the two ends of the liquid ammonia branch 6 are respectively connected to the first flow pipeline 111 and the second flow pipeline 121 arranged adjacent to each other; part of the liquid ammonia flowing in the first flow pipeline 111 can be diverted into the second flow pipeline 121 through the liquid ammonia branch 6, which is beneficial to the separation of liquid ammonia and ammonia gas, and the process control of liquid ammonia vaporization, and the separated ammonia gas and a small amount of liquid ammonia enter the liquid ammonia connector 13 with a curved structure, and continue to be heated, vaporized and separated by gas and liquid, which fully realizes the separation of ammonia gas and liquid ammonia and the vaporization of liquid ammonia; wherein, the second heat exchange pipeline 12 of the liquid ammonia pipeline 1 2 is connected to the liquid discharge pipe 3, the liquid discharge pipe 3 is provided with a second solenoid valve 9, and one of the second flow pipes 121 of the liquid ammonia pipe 1 is provided with a liquid level sensor 7; the liquid level sensor 7 is used to detect the volume of liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia pipe 1, and the volume of liquid ammonia to be controlled in the liquid ammonia pipe 1 is adjusted by adjusting the relative position of the liquid level sensor 7 and the liquid ammonia pipe 1. When the liquid ammonia level in the liquid ammonia pipe 1 reaches the position of the liquid level sensor 7, the second solenoid valve 9 is opened to allow the liquid ammonia to be discharged through the liquid discharge pipe 3, so as to achieve accurate control of the liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia pipe 1, so as to be suitable for the heat of different heat exchange media and improve the accuracy of gas-liquid separation; more specifically, the liquid level sensor 7 is located 50 to 150 mm below the ammonia outlet, and the liquid ammonia branch 6 is located 50 to 150 mm below the top of the liquid ammonia connector 13.

[0029] In order to more accurately control the gasification effect of liquid ammonia, preferably, the liquid ammonia pipeline 1 is connected to a temperature sensor 8, and the temperature sensor 8 is arranged near the heat medium inlet 20. A first solenoid valve 4 is arranged on the heat medium inlet 20, and the temperature sensor 8 and the first solenoid valve 4 are electrically connected; the heat exchange medium enters the heating pipeline 2 through the first solenoid valve 4, and the temperature sensor 8 can detect the temperature of the liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia pipeline 1. According to the temperature of the liquid ammonia detected by the temperature sensor 8, the opening of the first solenoid valve 4 is controlled, thereby adjusting the flow of the heat exchange medium entering the heating pipeline 2, so as to achieve the temperature control of the liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia pipeline 1, and better adapt to the evaporation heating of different volumes of liquid ammonia; in order to prevent the damage to the components caused by the ammonia temperature being too high, specifically, when the detected temperature of the liquid ammonia is greater than 70°C, the first solenoid valve 4 is closed to prevent the heat exchange medium from entering the heating pipeline 2.

[0030] In order to reduce the corrosive effect of liquid ammonia on the pipeline during evaporation and separation, preferably, the inner wall of the liquid ammonia pipeline 1 is coated with a corrosion-resistant coating.

[0031] During operation, liquid ammonia enters the liquid ammonia pipeline 1 from the liquid ammonia inlet 10, flows from top to bottom into the first heat exchange pipeline 112 at the bottom of the U-shaped tube structure, and then flows out from bottom to top. The liquid ammonia is separated under the action of gravity and re-enters the first heat exchange pipeline 112. The separated ammonia gas then flows from top to bottom into the second heat exchange pipeline 122 for secondary separation, and then flows out from bottom to top and flows out of the liquid ammonia pipeline 1 through the ammonia outlet 14.

[0032] If the first heat exchange pipe 112 is full of liquid ammonia, the liquid ammonia flows into the second heat exchange pipe 122 through the liquid ammonia branch 6. When the liquid level reaches the liquid level sensor 7, the liquid ammonia will be discharged from the system through the drainage pipe 3 and the second solenoid valve 9. The liquid level sensor 7 is associated with the second solenoid valve 9 on the drainage pipe 3. When the liquid level reaches the liquid level sensor 7, the second solenoid valve 9 is opened and maintained open for 1-3 seconds to discharge the excess liquid ammonia through the drainage pipe 3, and the cycle is repeated. The heat exchange medium, such as high-temperature flue gas or high-temperature liquid water, enters the separator from the heat medium inlet 20 through the first solenoid valve 4, and is fully heat-exchanged with the liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia pipe 1 through the heat exchange fins 5 on the liquid ammonia pipe 1. The heat exchange medium after heat exchange flows out of the separator from the heat medium outlet 23. The temperature sensor 8 is electrically connected to the first solenoid valve 4 on the heat medium inlet 20. When the ammonia temperature is greater than 70°C, the first solenoid valve 4 is controlled to be closed to prevent the heat exchange medium from entering, thereby preventing the ammonia temperature from being too high and damaging the solenoid valve and flow meter and other components.

[0033] The sleeve-type ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction adopts a sleeve-type structure in which a curved heating pipe is sleeved on a liquid ammonia pipe which is also a curved structure and has a corresponding structure. A plurality of heat exchange fins are arranged on the outer wall of the liquid ammonia pipe to fully exchange heat with the heat exchange medium, and a heat exchange chamber with a larger inner diameter is arranged at the bottom to perform secondary evaporation of the separated liquid ammonia; the evaporation effect of the liquid ammonia and the separation effect of the liquid ammonia and the ammonia gas are simultaneously improved; combined with a liquid level sensor, a drainage pipe, a temperature sensor and a plurality of solenoid valves, the ammonia gas-liquid separator has automatic processing measures for excessive or insufficient heat exchange; if the heat exchange is small, there is too much liquid ammonia; the excess liquid ammonia will be automatically discharged through the drainage pipe and the solenoid valve; if the heat exchange is large, the ammonia temperature is too high, the opening of the corresponding solenoid valve is adjusted and the entry of the heat medium is prevented; the sleeve-type ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, small size, better separation effect, etc., and can be well applied to mobile on-site ammonia hydrogen production equipment.

[0034] The present application also discloses an ammonia decomposition system including the sleeve-type ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction, and also includes: a liquid ammonia tank: the liquid ammonia tank is connected to the liquid ammonia inlet 10, and the liquid ammonia tank is used to provide liquid ammonia to the liquid ammonia pipeline 1; an ammonia decomposition reactor: the ammonia decomposition reactor includes a flue gas pipeline and an ammonia decomposition pipeline, and high-temperature flue gas flows through the flue gas pipeline; the gas inlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline is connected to the ammonia outlet 14; the flue gas outlet of the flue gas pipeline is connected to the heat medium inlet 20; the ammonia pipeline is heated by recycling the waste heat generated by the flue gas remaining after ammonia decomposition, thereby greatly reducing energy consumption. Application device: the application device is connected to the gas outlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline; the application device is used for the application of the mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen generated after decomposition.

[0035] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. However, the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sleeve-type ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction, comprising a liquid ammonia pipeline and a heating pipeline; characterized in that: The liquid ammonia pipeline includes two first flow pipelines, a first heat exchange pipeline, two second flow pipelines and a second heat exchange pipeline; the first heat exchange pipeline is a curved structure, and both ends of the first heat exchange pipeline are respectively connected to the two first flow pipelines, the first heat exchange pipeline is located below the first flow pipeline, the two first flow pipelines and the first heat exchange pipeline together form a first vaporization pipeline with a U-shaped structure, and the diameter of the first heat exchange pipeline is larger than the diameter of the first flow pipeline; A liquid ammonia connector is provided on one end of one of the first flow pipes away from the first heat exchange pipe. The liquid ammonia connector is a curved structure. The other end of the liquid ammonia connector is connected to one of the second flow pipes. The liquid ammonia connector is located above the second flow pipe and the first flow pipe at the same time. The liquid ammonia connector, one of the second flow pipes and one of the first flow pipes together form a transition pipe with a U-shaped structure. One end of the second flow pipe connected to the liquid ammonia connector and away from the liquid ammonia connector is connected to the second heat exchange pipe, the second heat exchange pipe is a curved structure, both ends of the second heat exchange pipe are respectively connected to the two second flow pipes, the second heat exchange pipe is simultaneously located below the two second flow pipes, the second heat exchange pipe and the two second flow pipes together form a second vaporization pipe with a U-shaped structure; the diameter of the second heat exchange pipe is greater than the diameter of the second flow pipe; A liquid ammonia branch is provided between one of the first flow pipes of the first vaporization pipe and one of the second flow pipes of the second vaporization pipe, and both ends of the liquid ammonia branch are respectively connected with one of the first flow pipes and one of the second flow pipes, and the liquid ammonia branch is located 50 to 150 mm below the top of the liquid ammonia connector; a drain pipe is connected below the second heat exchange pipe, and a second solenoid valve is provided on the drain pipe; the drain pipe is used to discharge excess liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia pipe; The structure of the heating pipe corresponds to the structure of the liquid ammonia pipe. The heating pipe is sleeved on the outside of the liquid ammonia pipe, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the heating pipe and the outer wall of the liquid ammonia pipe.

2. A sleeve-type ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of heat exchange fins are arranged on the outer wall of the liquid ammonia pipeline, and the plurality of heat exchange fins are arranged at intervals from each other; and a corrosion-resistant coating is coated on the inner wall of the liquid ammonia pipeline.

3. The double-tube ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the first heat exchange pipe is 2 to 10 times the diameter of the first flow pipe connected thereto, and the diameter of the second heat exchange pipe is 2 to 10 times the diameter of the second flow pipe connected thereto.

4. The double-tube ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating pipe includes two first vertical pipes, a first heat exchange chamber, two second vertical pipes and a second heat exchange chamber, the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber are both curved structures, the two ends of the first heat exchange chamber are respectively connected to the two first vertical pipes, the first heat exchange chamber and the two first vertical pipes together constitute a first heating zone of a U-shaped structure; the two ends of the second heat exchange chamber are respectively connected to the two second vertical pipes, the second heat exchange chamber and the two second vertical pipes together constitute a second heating zone of a U-shaped structure; the first heating zone is sleeved on the outside of the second vaporization pipe, and the second heating zone is sleeved on the outside of the first vaporization pipe; a heat exchange connector is provided between one of the first vertical pipes and one of the second vertical pipes, the heat exchange connector is a curved structure, the heat exchange connector is simultaneously located above the first vertical pipe and the second vertical pipe, and the two ends of the heat exchange connector are respectively connected to one of the first vertical pipes and one of the second vertical pipes.

5. A sleeve-type ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the first heat exchange chamber is 2 to 10 times the inner diameter of the first vertical pipe, and the inner diameter of the second heat exchange chamber is 2 to 10 times the inner diameter of the second vertical pipe.

6. The double-tube ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the liquid ammonia pipeline is a liquid ammonia inlet, and the other end of the liquid ammonia pipeline is an ammonia gas outlet; one end of the heating pipeline is a heat medium inlet, and the other end of the heating pipeline is a heat medium outlet, the heat medium inlet is arranged close to the ammonia gas outlet, and the heat medium outlet is arranged close to the liquid ammonia inlet, and the flow direction of liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia pipeline is opposite to the flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the heating pipeline.

7. A sleeve-type ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature sensor, which is arranged close to the heat medium inlet. A first solenoid valve is arranged above the heat medium inlet, and the first solenoid valve is electrically connected to the temperature sensor.

8. An ammonia decomposition system comprising a double-tube ammonia gas-liquid separator for ammonia decomposition reaction according to any one of claims 6 to 7, characterized in that: Also includes: Liquid ammonia tank: the liquid ammonia tank is connected to the liquid ammonia inlet, and the liquid ammonia tank is used to provide liquid ammonia to the liquid ammonia pipeline; Ammonia decomposition reactor: the ammonia decomposition reactor comprises a flue gas pipeline and an ammonia decomposition pipeline, wherein high-temperature flue gas flows through the flue gas pipeline; the gas inlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline is connected to the ammonia outlet; the flue gas outlet of the flue gas pipeline is connected to the heat medium inlet; Application device: The application device is connected to the gas outlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline.

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