Rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device

Abstract

The invention discloses a rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device, and relates to the field of tail gas treatment. The rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device comprises a treatment box, a gas inlet formed in the top of the treatment box and a gas outlet formed in the bottom of the treatment box, a mounting plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the treatment box, and a filtering mechanism for filtering pretreated rare earth calcination tail gas is arranged on the upper surface of the mounting plate; a plurality of first partition plates are fixedly connected to the position, below the mounting plate, of the inner wall of the treatment box, a cylinder is fixedly connected to the middles of the multiple first partition plates, and a plurality of second partition plates are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder; rare earth calcination tail gas can be continuously filtered, so that the tail gas treatment efficiency is improved; the contact area of the catalyst and tail gas can be increased, the catalytic oxidation effect is improved, organic gas is removed and converted into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water, and the tail gas treatment quality is also improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tail gas treatment, and in particular to a rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device. Background Art

[0002] Rare earth calcination is an important step in the extraction and refining of rare earth elements. It is usually carried out at high temperatures. Its purpose is to convert the compounds in rare earth ores into oxides or other usable forms. High-temperature calcination can remove some impurities and volatile components in the ore and improve the purity of rare earth products. A variety of tail gases will be produced during the calcination process, such as fluorides, chlorides, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter, etc., so effective tail gas treatment is required to reduce environmental pollution.

[0003] In the existing rare earth calcination tail gas treatment process, the tail gas needs to be pre-treated first, including cooling and dehumidification, so that the subsequent purification steps can be carried out more effectively; then the large particles and dust in the tail gas are removed by a preliminary filtering device, and the chemical absorption method can be used according to the actual tail gas composition, using absorbents (such as sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, etc.) to remove acidic gases (such as fluorides, chlorides, etc.) in the waste gas, and convert them into harmless compounds, and using activated carbon and other materials to adsorb organic matter and odor substances in the waste gas; then, for organic gases that are difficult to remove, a catalytic oxidation device is used to convert them into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water under the action of a catalyst; then cooling and dehydration are carried out, and the concentration of harmful components in the tail gas is monitored to ensure that the treatment effect meets environmental protection standards. After the purified tail gas passes the test, it can be safely discharged into the atmosphere; In the process of removing large particles and dust in the exhaust gas through the filtering device, the rare earth calcination exhaust gas is usually filtered with a filter. In the prior art, most of them are pre-filtering devices set before the main filter to remove larger particles first, reduce the burden of the main filter and extend its service life. However, after a long period of use, blockage will occur, and the entire exhaust gas treatment device needs to be shut down to clean or replace the filter in the filter, thereby affecting the exhaust gas treatment efficiency. Alternatively, a combination of multiple filters or filter units is set. When a filter works to a certain resistance value, another filter can take over the work, and the time interval during this period is used to clean the blocked filter or filter unit, thereby ensuring a continuous filtering process. However, the cleaning and replacement process still requires manual intervention, which increases the workload and time of maintenance and also affects the exhaust gas treatment efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device comprises a treatment box, an air inlet opened at the top of the treatment box and an air outlet opened at the bottom of the treatment box, the inner wall of the treatment box is fixedly connected to a mounting plate, the upper surface of the mounting plate is provided with a filtering mechanism for filtering the rare earth calcination tail gas after pretreatment, the inner wall of the treatment box is located below the mounting plate and fixedly connected to a plurality of first partitions, a cylinder is fixedly connected to the middle of the plurality of first partitions, a plurality of second partitions are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, a plurality of partition nets are fixedly connected to the surface of the cylinder, circular holes are opened on the surface of the first partition, a stirring mechanism for stirring the catalyst is provided on the surface of the plurality of second partitions, a first vertical plate and a second vertical plate are fixedly connected to the surface of the first partition, and a heating plate is fixedly connected to the surface of the second vertical plate.

[0007] Preferably, the filter mechanism includes a first vertical pipe fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top of the processing box and located below the air inlet, the inner wall of the first vertical pipe is slidably connected to the second vertical pipe, the outer side of the second vertical pipe is sleeved with a first spring, the upper end of the first spring is fixedly connected to an end of the first vertical pipe away from the air inlet, the lower end of the first spring is fixedly connected to a fixing ring, the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the second vertical pipe, an annular filter screen is cooperatively installed below the second vertical pipe, the annular filter screen is rotatably connected to the processing box, the inner side of the annular filter screen is meshedly connected to the second gear, the second gear is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, the outer side of the second gear is meshedly connected to the first gear, the upper part of the first gear is fixedly connected to the first motor, the upper surface of the top of the processing box is fixedly connected to the first motor, the end of the transmission column away from the first gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor, the lower surface of the mounting plate is located below the second vertical pipe and is fixedly connected to a third vertical pipe, and one of the circular holes is communicated with the third vertical pipe; The transmission column surface is fixedly connected with the first bevel gear at one end near the first bevel gear, and the outer side of the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear, and the surface of the second bevel gear is fixedly connected with the first rotating column, and the end of the first rotating column away from the second bevel gear is slidably connected to the second rotating column, and the surface of the second rotating column is fixedly connected with an annular block, and the surface of the annular block is fixedly connected with the second spring, and the second spring is sleeved on the outer side of the second rotating column, and the end of the second spring away from the annular block is fixedly connected to the rotating ring, and the surface of the second rotating column is cooperated with the L-shaped column to be installed, and the rotating ring is rotatably connected to the L-shaped column, and the L-shaped column is fixedly connected to the processing box, and the surface of the second rotating column is located at the end of the second spring away from the annular block. The end is symmetrically fixedly connected with a convex column, and the surface of the L-shaped column is symmetrically fixedly connected with the arc block, and the surface of the second rotating column is fixedly connected with a cleaning brush at one end of the surface away from the first rotating column, and the cleaning brush is installed in cooperation with the annular filter.

[0008] Preferably, a rectangular groove is formed on the end surface of the first rotating column away from the second bevel gear, and the second rotating column is slidably connected to the rectangular groove.

[0009] Preferably, the first spring and the second spring are both in a compressed state in initial states.

[0010] Preferably, the stirring mechanism includes a cylinder fixedly connected to the bottom of the first gear, a lifting cylinder is sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder, the upper end of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to a connecting ring, and a ring-shaped and evenly distributed plug rod is slidably inserted in the connecting ring, and the upper ends of multiple plug rods are fixedly connected to the cylinder, and multiple stirring columns are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer side of the lifting cylinder, a feeding hole is opened in the middle of the surface of the second partition plate, and a cover plate is installed on the surface of the feeding hole, and multiple cover plates are rotatably connected to the lifting cylinder, and the lower surface of the second partition plate in a low position is symmetrically fixedly connected with vertical columns, and the surface of the vertical columns is opened with column grooves, and the groove wall of the column groove is slidably connected with a T-shaped column, and the outer side of the T-shaped column is sleeved with a third spring, and the lower ends of the two T-shaped columns are fixedly connected with a connecting plate, and the lower end of the lifting cylinder is rotatably connected to the connecting plate.

[0011] Preferably, the initial state of the third spring is a stretched state.

[0012] Preferably, an adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate, and the adjusting rod is slidably connected to the bottom of the processing box.

[0013] Preferably, an oxygen supplementing pipeline is fixedly connected inside the processing box, and a plurality of the first vertical plates are all fixedly connected to the oxygen supplementing pipeline.

[0014] Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device filters the rare earth calcination tail gas through the set annular filter to remove large particles and dust. The first motor drives the transmission column to rotate, and then drives the first gear to rotate. The rotation of the first gear drives the second gear to rotate, and then drives the annular filter to rotate, and continuously changes the filtering position of the annular filter, thereby ensuring the filtering quality of the rare earth calcination tail gas. The rotation of the transmission column can drive the first bevel gear to rotate, and then drives the second bevel gear to rotate. The first rotating column and the second rotating column drive the cleaning brush to rotate, and the surface of the annular filter is cleaned to remove dust and large particles. In the process of the cleaning brush cleaning the annular filter, as the second rotating column rotates, under the elastic force of the second spring, the convex column will continuously contact, separate, and contact the arc block, that is, it can continuously drive the second rotating column and the cleaning brush to move back and forth, so that the cleaning effect is better, and the rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device does not need to be shut down, and the rare earth calcination tail gas can be continuously filtered, thereby improving the tail gas treatment efficiency.

[0015] 2. In the rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device, during the catalytic oxidation process of the rare earth calcination tail gas, the first motor drives the transmission column to rotate, and then drives the first gear to rotate. The cylinder rotates with the rotation of the first gear, and the insertion rod and the connecting ring cooperate. The rotation of the cylinder can drive the lifting cylinder to rotate, and then drive multiple stirring columns to stir, which can increase the contact area between the catalyst and the tail gas. The filtered tail gas passes through the third vertical pipe and the circular hole at a high place, enters the bottom of the first partition at a high place, enters the lifting cylinder through the partition net, and is discharged from the partition net on the other side, and then passes through the circular hole. This cycle is repeated several times to improve the catalytic oxidation effect, remove organic gas, convert organic gas into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water, and also improve the quality of tail gas treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the processing box of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the first partition plate and the circular hole of the present invention; Figure 5 The present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the oxygen supplement pipeline of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylinder of the present invention; Figure 8 The present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the annular filter screen of the present invention; Fig.10 The present invention Fig. 9 Enlarged view of point D in the middle.

[0017] In the figure: 1, treatment box; 11, air inlet; 12, air outlet; 13, mounting plate; 14, first vertical plate; 15, second vertical plate; 16, heating plate; 2, filtering mechanism; 21, first vertical pipe; 22, second vertical pipe; 23, first spring; 24, fixing ring; 25, annular filter; 26, second gear; 27, first gear; 28, transmission column; 29, first motor; 210, third vertical pipe; 211, first bevel gear; 212, second bevel gear; 213, first rotating column; 214, second rotating column; 215, annular block; 21 6. Second spring; 217. Rotating ring; 218. L-shaped column; 219. convex column; 220. Arc block; 221. Cleaning brush; 222. Rectangular groove; 3. First partition; 4. Cylinder; 5. Second partition; 6. Partition net; 7. Round hole; 8. Stirring mechanism; 81. Cylinder; 82. Lifting cylinder; 83. Connecting ring; 84. Insert rod; 85. Stirring column; 86. Feeding hole; 87. Cover plate; 88. Vertical column; 89. Column groove; 810. T-shaped column; 811. Third spring; 812. Connecting plate; 813. Adjusting rod; 9. Oxygen supply pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0019] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 A rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device comprises a treatment box 1, an air inlet 11 opened at the top of the treatment box 1 and an air outlet 12 opened at the bottom of the treatment box 1, a mounting plate 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the treatment box 1, and a filtering mechanism 2 for filtering the rare earth calcination tail gas after pretreatment is arranged on the upper surface of the mounting plate 13, a plurality of first baffles 3 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the treatment box 1 below the mounting plate 13, a cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to the middle of the plurality of first baffles 3, a plurality of second baffles 5 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 4, a plurality of partition nets 6 are fixedly connected to the surface of the cylinder 4, a circular hole 7 is opened on the surface of the first baffle 3, a stirring mechanism 8 for stirring the catalyst is arranged on the surface of the plurality of second baffles 5, a first vertical plate 14 and a second vertical plate 15 are fixedly connected to the surface of the first baffle 3, and a heating plate 16 is fixedly connected to the surface of the second vertical plate 15; It should be noted that the screen 6 is an existing metal screen; It should be noted that the heating plate 16 can be electrically heated to ensure that the rare earth calcination tail gas can be catalytically oxidized.

[0020] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 The filtering mechanism 2 includes a first vertical pipe 21 fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top of the processing box 1 and located below the air inlet 11. The inner wall of the first vertical pipe 21 is slidably connected to the second vertical pipe 22. The outer side of the second vertical pipe 22 is sleeved with a first spring 23. The upper end of the first spring 23 is fixedly connected to the end of the first vertical pipe 21 away from the air inlet 11. The lower end of the first spring 23 is fixedly connected to a fixing ring 24. The fixing ring 24 is fixedly connected to the second vertical pipe 22. An annular filter screen 25 is installed below the second vertical pipe 22. The annular filter screen 25 is rotatably connected to the processing box 1. The inner side of the annular filter screen 25 is meshed with a second gear 26, which is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 13. The outer side of the second gear 26 is meshed with a first gear 27, and a transmission column 28 is fixedly connected above the first gear 27. A first motor 29 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the processing box 1, and one end of the transmission column 28 away from the first gear 27 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor 29. A third vertical pipe 210 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the mounting plate 13 below the second vertical pipe 22, and one of the circular holes 7 is connected to the third vertical pipe 210. The first bevel gear 211 is fixedly connected to one end of the surface of the transmission column 28 close to the first gear 27, and the second bevel gear 212 is meshedly connected to the outer side of the first bevel gear 211. The first rotating column 213 is fixedly connected to the surface of the second bevel gear 212. The first rotating column 213 is slidably connected to the second rotating column 214 at one end away from the second bevel gear 212. The surface of the second rotating column 214 is fixedly connected to an annular block 215. The surface of the annular block 215 is fixedly connected to a second spring 216. The second spring 216 is sleeved on the outer side of the second rotating column 214. The second spring 216 is away from the annular block 215. One end of the block 215 is fixedly connected with a rotating ring 217, and an L-shaped column 218 is installed on the surface of the second rotating column 214. The rotating ring 217 is rotatably connected to the L-shaped column 218, and the L-shaped column 218 is fixedly connected to the processing box 1. The surface of the second rotating column 214 is symmetrically fixedly connected with a protruding column 219 at one end of the second spring 216 away from the annular block 215, and the surface of the L-shaped column 218 is symmetrically fixedly connected with an arc block 220. The surface of the second rotating column 214 is fixedly connected with a cleaning brush 221 at one end away from the first rotating column 213, and the cleaning brush 221 is installed in cooperation with the annular filter 25; It should be noted that the exhaust gas enters the first vertical pipe 21 and the second vertical pipe 22 from the air inlet 11, and is filtered by the annular filter 25. The first motor 29 drives the transmission column 28 to rotate, thereby driving the first gear 27 to rotate, and then driving the second gear 26 to rotate. The transmission ratio between the first gear 27 and the second gear 26 is 8:1. The first gear 27 rotates faster, the second gear 26 rotates slower, and the annular filter 25 rotates slower. The rotation of the transmission column 28 can also drive the first bevel gear 211 to rotate, and then drive the second bevel gear 212 to rotate. The first rotating column 213 rotates with the rotation of the second bevel gear 212, thereby driving the second rotating column 214 The boss 219 rotates with the second rotating column 214, and the boss 219 can contact the surface of the arc block 220 and generate relative rotation, driving the second rotating column 214 and the cleaning brush 221 to move in the direction away from the first rotating column 213. When the boss 219 is separated from the arc block 220, the second rotating column 214 and the cleaning brush 221 can move in the direction close to the first rotating column 213. This cycle allows the cleaning brush 221 to move back and forth while rotating, thereby achieving a better cleaning effect. The rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device does not need to be shut down, and the rare earth calcination tail gas can be continuously filtered, thereby improving the tail gas treatment efficiency.

[0021] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first rotating column 213 has an end surface away from the second bevel gear 212 with a rectangular groove 222, and the second rotating column 214 is slidably connected to the rectangular groove 222; It should be noted that the rectangular groove 222 can cooperate with the second rotating column 214 , so that the rotation of the first rotating column 213 can stably drive the second rotating column 214 to rotate, and relative movement occurs between the first rotating column 213 and the second rotating column 214 .

[0022] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the initial states of the first spring 23 and the second spring 216 are both compressed; It should be noted that the reaction force generated by the compression of the first spring 23 acts on the surface of the fixing ring 24, so that the second vertical pipe 22 can be in close contact with the surface of the annular filter 25 to ensure the filtering effect; the reaction force generated by the compression of the second spring 216 acts on the surface of the annular block 215, thereby ensuring that during the relative rotation between the protruding column 219 and the arc block 220, the cleaning brush 221 can be driven to rotate stably and move back and forth stably.

[0023] See also Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10The stirring mechanism 8 includes a cylinder 81 fixedly connected to the bottom of the first gear 27, a lifting cylinder 82 is sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder 81, and a connecting ring 83 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lifting cylinder 82. A ring-shaped and evenly distributed plug rod 84 is slidably inserted in the connecting ring 83, and the upper ends of multiple plug rods 84 are fixedly connected to the cylinder 81, and multiple stirring columns 85 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer side of the lifting cylinder 82. A feeding hole 86 is opened in the middle of the surface of the second partition 5, and a cover plate 87 is installed on the surface of the feeding hole 86. Multiple cover plates 87 are rotatably connected to the lifting cylinder 82. The lower surface of the second partition 5 in a low position is symmetrically fixedly connected with a vertical column 88, and a column groove 89 is opened on the surface of the vertical column 88. The groove wall of the column groove 89 is slidably connected with a T-shaped column 810. The outer side of the T-shaped column 810 is sleeved with a third spring 811. The lower ends of the two T-shaped columns 810 are fixedly connected with a connecting plate 812, and the lower end of the lifting cylinder 82 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 812; It should be noted that the stirring mechanism 8 can stir the catalyst between the lifting cylinder 82 and the second partition plate 5 and the cover plate 87, thereby increasing the contact area between the catalyst and the exhaust gas, thereby ensuring the catalytic oxidation effect; The first motor 29 drives the transmission column 28 to rotate, the first gear 27 rotates with the rotation of the transmission column 28, and the cylinder 81 rotates with the rotation of the first gear 27, thereby driving the plurality of stirring columns 85 to rotate, stirring the catalyst in the cylinder 4, which can increase the contact area between the catalyst and the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas after filtering passes through the third vertical pipe 210 and the circular hole 7 at a high position, enters the lower part of the first partition plate 3 at a high position, passes through the partition net 6 into the lifting cylinder 82, and then is discharged from the partition net 6 on the other side, and then passes through the circular hole 7. This cycle is repeated several times, and the heating plate 16 is powered on to heat and raise the temperature to the stability required for catalytic oxidation, thereby improving the catalytic oxidation effect and the exhaust gas treatment quality, removing organic gas and converting the organic gas into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water. It should be noted that multiple second partitions 5 separate the internal space of the cylinder 4, and different catalysts can be placed in each separated space according to the actual composition of the rare earth calcination tail gas, so as to maximize the catalytic efficiency, remove organic gases, and convert organic gases into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water.

[0024] See also Figure 8 , the initial state of the third spring 811 is a stretched state; It should be noted that the reaction force generated by the stretching of the third spring 811 acts on the surface of the T-shaped column 810, so that the cover plate 87 can fit closely with the discharge hole 86 to prevent the exhaust gas from flowing down the cylinder 4. The catalyst and the exhaust gas are fully contacted multiple times, thereby ensuring the catalytic oxidation effect.

[0025] See also Figure 4 and Figure 7, an adjusting rod 813 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate 812, and the adjusting rod 813 is slidably connected to the bottom of the processing box 1; It should be noted that the setting of the adjustment rod 813 can facilitate the up and down adjustment of the cylinder 4, that is, the up and down adjustment of the cover plate 87. The upper surface of the second partition plate 5 is low in the center and high at the edge. After the cover plate 87 is separated from the discharge hole 86, the catalyst can slide downward along the surface of the second partition plate 5 and be discharged from the air outlet 12, thereby facilitating the discharge of the catalyst; a plurality of feed pipes can be fixedly connected to the surface of the cylinder 4, and a one-way valve can be installed in the feed pipe for catalyst feeding.

[0026] See also Figure 1 and Figure 6 , an oxygen supplementing pipeline 9 is fixedly connected in the processing box 1, and a plurality of first vertical plates 14 are fixedly connected to the oxygen supplementing pipeline 9; It should be noted that the oxygen supplement pipe 9 is used to supplement oxygen into the treatment box 1 during the catalytic oxidation process to ensure that the catalytic oxidation process proceeds smoothly; an intake valve may be provided at the intake end of the oxygen supplement pipe 9 to control oxygen supplementation; It should be noted that a controller may be installed on the top upper surface of the processing box 1 next to the first motor 29 , and the air intake valve, the first motor 29 and the heating plate 16 are all electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is controlled by a computer.

[0027] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device, comprising a treatment box (1), an air inlet (11) opened at the top of the treatment box (1) and an air outlet (12) opened at the bottom of the treatment box (1), characterized in that: The inner wall of the treatment box (1) is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (13), and the upper surface of the mounting plate (13) is provided with a filtering mechanism (2) for filtering rare earth calcined tail gas after pretreatment. The inner wall of the treatment box (1) is located below the mounting plate (13) and is fixedly connected to a plurality of first partitions (3), a cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to the middle of the plurality of first partitions (3), a plurality of second partitions (5) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (4), a plurality of partition nets (6) are fixedly connected to the surface of the cylinder (4), a circular hole (7) is opened on the surface of the first partition (3), a stirring mechanism (8) for stirring the catalyst is provided on the surface of the plurality of second partitions (5), a first vertical plate (14) and a second vertical plate (15) are fixedly connected to the surface of the first partition (3), and a heating plate (16) is fixedly connected to the surface of the second vertical plate (15).

2. A rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtering mechanism (2) comprises a first vertical pipe (21) fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top of the processing box (1) and located below the air inlet (11); the inner wall of the first vertical pipe (21) is slidably connected to a second vertical pipe (22); the outer side of the second vertical pipe (22) is sleeved with a first spring (23); the upper end of the first spring (23) is fixedly connected to an end of the first vertical pipe (21) away from the air inlet (11); the lower end of the first spring (23) is fixedly connected to a fixing ring (24); the fixing ring (24) is fixedly connected to the second vertical pipe (22); an annular filter screen (25) is installed below the second vertical pipe (22); the annular filter screen (25) is rotatably connected to the processing box (1) The inner side of the annular filter (25) is meshedly connected with a second gear (26), the second gear (26) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (13), the outer side of the second gear (26) is meshedly connected with a first gear (27), the top of the first gear (27) is fixedly connected with a transmission column (28), the top upper surface of the processing box (1) is fixedly connected with a first motor (29), one end of the transmission column (28) away from the first gear (27) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor (29), the lower surface of the mounting plate (13) is located below the second vertical pipe (22) and is fixedly connected with a third vertical pipe (210), one of the circular holes (7) is connected to the third vertical pipe (210); The end of the surface of the transmission column (28) close to the first gear (27) is fixedly connected to the first bevel gear (211), the outer side of the first bevel gear (211) is meshingly connected to the second bevel gear (212), the surface of the second bevel gear (212) is fixedly connected to the first rotating column (213), the end of the first rotating column (213) away from the second bevel gear (212) is slidably connected to the second rotating column (214), the surface of the second rotating column (214) is fixedly connected to an annular block (215), the surface of the annular block (215) is fixedly connected to a second spring (216), the second spring (216) is sleeved on the outer side of the second rotating column (214), and the second spring (216) is away from the annular block. One end of the second rotating column (215) is fixedly connected to a rotating ring (217), the surface of the second rotating column (214) is matched with an L-shaped column (218), the rotating ring (217) is rotatably connected to the L-shaped column (218), the L-shaped column (218) is fixedly connected to the processing box (1), the surface of the second rotating column (214) is symmetrically fixedly connected to a protruding column (219) at one end of the second spring (216) away from the annular block (215), the surface of the L-shaped column (218) is symmetrically fixedly connected to an arc block (220), and the surface of the second rotating column (214) is fixedly connected to a cleaning brush (221) at one end away from the first rotating column (213), and the cleaning brush (221) is matched with the annular filter (25).

3. A rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rectangular groove (222) is formed on the end surface of the first rotating column (213) away from the second bevel gear (212), and the second rotating column (214) is slidably connected to the rectangular groove (222).

4. A rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The initial states of the first spring (23) and the second spring (216) are both compressed.

5. A rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism (8) comprises a cylinder (81) fixedly connected below the first gear (27); a lifting cylinder (82) is sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder (81); a connecting ring (83) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lifting cylinder (82); a ring-shaped evenly distributed plug rods (84) are slidably inserted in the connecting ring (83); the upper ends of a plurality of the plug rods (84) are fixedly connected to the cylinder (81); a plurality of stirring columns (85) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer side of the lifting cylinder (82); a discharge hole (86) is opened in the middle of the surface of the second partition plate (5); the discharge hole (86) 86) is fitted with a cover plate (87), and the plurality of cover plates (87) are rotatably connected to the lifting cylinder (82); the lower surface of the second partition plate (5) in the lower position is symmetrically fixedly connected with vertical columns (88); the surface of the vertical columns (88) is provided with column grooves (89); the groove wall of the column grooves (89) is slidably connected with a T-shaped column (810); the outer side of the T-shaped column (810) is sleeved with a third spring (811); the lower ends of the two T-shaped columns (810) are fixedly connected with a connecting plate (812), and the lower end of the lifting cylinder (82) is rotatably connected to the connecting plate (812).

6. A rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The initial state of the third spring (811) is a stretched state.

7. The rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An adjustment rod (813) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connection plate (812), and the adjustment rod (813) is slidably connected to the bottom of the processing box (1).

8. The rare earth calcination tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oxygen supplementing pipeline (9) is fixedly connected inside the processing box (1), and a plurality of the first vertical plates (14) are all fixedly connected to the oxygen supplementing pipeline (9).

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