A plasma-heated catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system

Abstract

The present application discloses a plasma-heated catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system, including a power supply, a plasma reactor, a first heat exchanger, an adsorption device, a nitrogen tank and an ammonia tank, wherein the power supply is electrically connected to the plasma reactor; the plasma reactor is divided into an energized area and a decomposition area which are not connected to each other but connected; the nitrogen inlet, the nitrogen outlet and the energized port are respectively connected to the energized area, and the ammonia inlet and the decomposition gas outlet are respectively connected to the decomposition area; the energized area includes a plurality of plasma torches arranged at intervals from each other, one end of the plurality of plasma torches is connected to the nitrogen inlet, and the other end is connected to the nitrogen outlet and runs through the decomposition area; the ammonia tank and the decomposition gas outlet are simultaneously connected to the first heat exchanger; the first heat exchanger is also connected to the ammonia inlet and the adsorption device; the nitrogen tank is connected to the nitrogen inlet. The plasma-heated catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system reduces the heating time of ammonia, greatly improves the heating effect of ammonia, and is conducive to the full and uniform decomposition of ammonia.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by decomposing ammonia, and in particular to a plasma-heated catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system utilizing plasma-assisted heating of ammonia catalysis. Background Art

[0002] At present, traditional ammonia decomposition equipment uses industrial electric furnaces for heating and uses high-temperature ammonia decomposition catalysts. The activation barrier of the ammonia decomposition reaction is too high, and ammonia is difficult to decompose at low temperatures. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on solving the problem of ammonia cracking and hydrogen production at normal pressure and mild temperature, develop efficient catalysts, and reduce the activation energy of the reaction; plasma-assisted catalysis, plasma-catalytic coupling, or plasma-driven catalysis refers to the combination of gas discharge or plasma with materials with catalytic properties. This combination can produce enhanced results, which are sometimes not achievable with plasma or catalytic operations alone. The goal is to enhance the catalytic reaction by adding plasma to the reaction cycle.

[0003] Chinese patent CN114852959A discloses an ammonia reforming and ammonia cracking hydrogen production system and method, the system includes: an air intake module for obtaining a first component and dividing the exhaust gas into a first gas and a second gas, introducing ammonia and oxygen according to the first component and mixing with the second gas to obtain a third gas; a reformer for heating the first gas, and using plasma activation technology to perform an ammonia reforming reaction according to the third gas to generate a fourth gas; an air supply module for obtaining a second component, and introducing ammonia and oxygen according to the second component and mixing with the fourth gas to obtain a fifth gas; an ammonia cracking generator for performing an ammonia decomposition reaction according to the fifth gas and the first gas using low-temperature plasma activation technology to generate a sixth gas, and introducing the sixth gas into the engine for combustion. The system realizes efficient ammonia reforming and ammonia cracking hydrogen production, improves fuel thermal efficiency and reduces NOx emissions, and can be widely used in the field of fuel technology. However, the system has the problems of high energy consumption and low energy utilization in hydrogen preparation and combustion. The ammonia cracking process has a high dependence on plasma, and the efficiency of hydrogen production by ammonia cracking is not high. It usually requires high energy, has a long heating time and high energy consumption. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects in the prior art that ammonia cracking requires high energy, has a long heating time and high energy consumption, and the decomposition process consumes a lot of energy, and the hydrogen production efficiency is poor; a plasma heating catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system with high energy utilization rate, fast heating rate, low energy consumption and high hydrogen production efficiency is provided.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a plasma heating catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system, comprising a power supply, a plasma reactor, a first heat exchanger, an adsorption device, a nitrogen tank and an ammonia tank, the power supply is electrically connected to the plasma reactor; a nitrogen inlet, a nitrogen outlet, an ammonia inlet, a decomposition gas outlet and a power-on port are provided on the plasma reactor; the interior of the plasma reactor is divided into a power-on area and a decomposition area which are not connected to each other, and the power-on area and the decomposition area are connected; the nitrogen inlet, the nitrogen outlet and the power-on port are respectively connected to the power-on area, and the ammonia inlet and the decomposition gas outlet are respectively connected to the decomposition area; the power-on area includes a plurality of plasma torches arranged at intervals from each other, one end of the plurality of plasma torches is connected to the nitrogen inlet, and the other end of the plurality of plasma torches is connected to the nitrogen outlet; the plurality of plasma torches penetrate the decomposition area; the ammonia tank and the decomposition gas outlet are simultaneously connected to the first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger can transfer the heat of the decomposition gas discharged from the decomposition gas outlet to the ammonia introduced into the ammonia tank; the first heat exchanger is also connected to the ammonia inlet and the adsorption device; the nitrogen tank is connected to the nitrogen inlet.

[0006] Furthermore, the power supply is an AC power supply, and the power supply is electrically connected to the power port.

[0007] Furthermore, a first surface and a second surface are fixedly arranged separately inside the plasma reactor, the first surface is arranged near the nitrogen inlet, and the second surface is arranged near the nitrogen outlet, there is a first gap between the first surface and the nitrogen inlet, and there is a second gap between the second surface and the nitrogen outlet, the plasma torch is fixedly connected to the first surface and the second surface at the same time, the first gap, the second gap and the multiple plasma torches together constitute a power-on area; the first surface, the second surface and the intervals between the multiple plasma torches together constitute a decomposition area; the power-on port is connected to the first gap.

[0008] Furthermore, the plasma torch includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the diameter of the first sleeve is smaller than the diameter of the second sleeve, and the first sleeve portion is sleeved inside the second sleeve portion; one end of the first sleeve away from the second sleeve extends into the first gap, and one end of the second sleeve away from the first sleeve is connected to the second gap.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of first openings are opened on the first surface, and a plurality of second openings are opened on the second surface. The first openings and the second openings are symmetrically arranged one by one. The first sleeve is fixed on the first opening accordingly. One end of the second sleeve is connected to the second opening and communicates with the second gap. The other end of the second sleeve is fixedly connected to the first surface. The length of the second sleeve is equal to the distance between the first surface and the second surface.

[0010] Furthermore, ammonia decomposition catalyst is filled between the plurality of second sleeves, and the spacings between the plurality of sleeves are equal to each other.

[0011] Furthermore, the plasma reactor is also connected to the second heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger is also connected to the first heat exchanger and the nitrogen tank respectively. The second heat exchanger can transfer the heat of the nitrogen discharged from the plasma reactor to the ammonia introduced into the first heat exchanger; a nitrogen discharge valve is provided between the nitrogen outlet of the plasma reactor and the second heat exchanger, and an ammonia discharge valve is provided between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.

[0012] Furthermore, the adsorption device is connected to the hydrogen adsorption tower and the nitrogen adsorption tower respectively, a hydrogen adsorption valve is provided between the adsorption device and the hydrogen adsorption tower, and a nitrogen adsorption valve is provided between the adsorption device and the nitrogen adsorption tower; the hydrogen adsorption tower and the nitrogen adsorption tower are not connected to each other.

[0013] Furthermore, the nitrogen adsorption tower is connected to the nitrogen tank, and a nitrogen introduction valve is provided between the nitrogen adsorption tower and the nitrogen tank.

[0014] Furthermore, a decomposition gas control valve is provided between the first heat exchanger and the adsorption device, an ammonia control valve is provided between the ammonia tank and the first heat exchanger, and a nitrogen control valve is provided between the nitrogen tank and the plasma reactor.

[0015] The plasma heating catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system described in the present invention improves the decomposition effect of ammonia by combining the plasma electrification catalytic process with the ammonia decomposition catalyst. Compared with simple plasma electrification catalysis or only using the ammonia decomposition catalyst combined with heating to promote ammonia decomposition, the system reduces the overall energy required in the operation process, reduces the overall heating time, realizes rapid heating of ammonia and increases the heat exchange area between nitrogen and ammonia during the plasma electrification process, provides a fast and uniform way to heat ammonia, and is suitable for occasions requiring rapid heating; since plasma is composed of high-density ions and electrons, the energy is highly concentrated and the heating effect is significant; no harmful substances are discharged during the plasma heating process, which is a more environmentally friendly heating method; the heating process can be accurately controlled by adjusting parameters such as voltage and current to meet the needs of different processes; and the heat generated during the decomposition of ammonia and the plasma electrification process is effectively utilized during the operation of the system, so as to achieve the reuse of nitrogen, decomposed gas and corresponding heat, improve the energy utilization rate of the system, and reduce energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a plasma-heated catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a reactor of a plasma-heated catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a structural cross-sectional view of a reactor of a plasma-heated catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a reactor of a plasma-heated catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a reactor of a plasma-heated catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to the present invention from another angle;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the flow of gas in a reactor of a plasma-heated catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a first sleeve, a second sleeve and a first surface in a reactor of a plasma-heated catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to the present invention.

[0024] 1-power supply, 2-plasma reactor, 201-power-on area, 202-decomposition area, 203-plasma torch, 2031-first sleeve, 2032-second sleeve, 204-first surface, 205-second surface, 21-nitrogen inlet, 22-nitrogen outlet, 23-ammonia inlet, 24-decomposition gas outlet, 25-power-on port, 3-first heat exchanger, 31-ammonia control valve, 32-decomposition gas control valve, 4-second heat exchanger, 41-ammonia discharge valve, 42-nitrogen discharge valve, 5-adsorption device, 51-hydrogen adsorption tower, 52-nitrogen adsorption tower, 511 hydrogen adsorption valve, 521-nitrogen adsorption valve, 522-nitrogen introduction valve 6-nitrogen tank, 61-nitrogen control valve, 7-ammonia tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 to Figure 6As shown, a plasma-heated catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to the present invention comprises a power supply 1, a plasma reactor 2, a first heat exchanger 3, an adsorption device 5, a nitrogen tank 6 and an ammonia tank 7.

[0027] The power supply 1 is electrically connected to the plasma reactor 2;

[0028] The plasma reactor 2 is provided with a nitrogen inlet 21, a nitrogen outlet 22, an ammonia inlet 23, a decomposition gas outlet 24 and an electrification port 25; the interior of the plasma reactor 2 is divided into an electrification area 201 and a decomposition area 202 which are not connected to each other; the nitrogen inlet 21, the nitrogen outlet 22 and the electrification port 25 are respectively connected to the electrification area 201, and the ammonia inlet 23 and the decomposition gas outlet 24 are respectively connected to the decomposition area 202; the electrification area 201 includes a plurality of plasma torches 203 arranged at intervals from each other, one end of the plurality of plasma torches 203 is connected to the nitrogen inlet 21, and the other end of the plurality of plasma torches 203 is connected to the nitrogen outlet 22; the plurality of plasma torches 203 penetrate the decomposition area 202;

[0029] The ammonia tank 7 and the decomposition gas outlet 24 are simultaneously connected to the first heat exchanger 3, and the first heat exchanger 3 can transfer the heat of the decomposition gas discharged from the decomposition gas outlet 24 to the ammonia introduced by the ammonia tank 7; the first heat exchanger 3 is also connected to the ammonia inlet 21 and the adsorption device 5; the nitrogen tank 6 is connected to the nitrogen inlet 21, and an ammonia control valve 31 is provided between the ammonia tank 7 and the first heat exchanger 3, and a decomposition gas control valve 32 is provided between the first heat exchanger 3 and the adsorption device 5; the flow rate of the gas is adjusted by providing corresponding control valves to achieve accurate control and balance of ammonia decomposition and heat conversion; a nitrogen control valve 61 is provided between the nitrogen tank 6 and the nitrogen inlet 21.

[0030] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, the power source 1 is an AC power source, and the power source 1 is connected to the power port 25 of the plasma reactor 2; the power source 1 can introduce AC power into the plasma reactor 2 through the power port 25 to achieve ionization of nitrogen.

[0031] like Figure 2 to Figure 5As shown, the plasma reactor 2 is a cylindrical structure, a nitrogen inlet 21 is provided at one end of the plasma reactor 2, and a nitrogen outlet 22 is provided at the other end of the plasma reactor 2; the ammonia inlet 23, the decomposition gas outlet 24 and the power-on port 25 are respectively provided on the side wall of the plasma reactor 2, the ammonia inlet 23 and the decomposition gas outlet 24 are arranged opposite to each other, the ammonia inlet 23 is arranged close to the nitrogen inlet 21, the decomposition gas outlet 24 is arranged close to the nitrogen outlet 22, and the power-on port 25 is arranged close to the nitrogen inlet 21; the installation directions of the ammonia inlet 23, the decomposition gas outlet 24 and the power-on port 25 are all perpendicular to the installation direction of the plasma reactor 2.

[0032] exist Figure 2In the embodiment, the interior of the plasma reactor 2 is divided into a power-on region 201 and a decomposition region 202 which are not connected to each other, and the power-on region 201 and the decomposition region 202 are connected; the power-on region 201 includes a plurality of plasma torches 203, and the plasma torches 203 are hollow tubular structures, and the plasma torches 203 include a first sleeve 2031 and a second sleeve 2031, and the diameter of the first sleeve 2031 is smaller than the diameter of the second sleeve 2032, and the first sleeve 2031 is partially sleeved inside the second sleeve 2032; the interior of the plasma reactor 2 is respectively fixed with separate openings The first surface 204 and the second surface 205 are disposed in a manner such that the first surface 204 is close to the nitrogen inlet 21, the second surface 205 is close to the nitrogen outlet 22, a first gap exists between the first surface 204 and the nitrogen inlet 21, and a second gap exists between the second surface 205 and the nitrogen outlet 22; the first gap, the second gap and the plurality of plasma torches 203 together constitute the energized area 201; specifically, the energized port 25 is communicated with the first gap, and the cross-sectional shapes of the first surface 204 and the second surface 205 are similar to those of the plasma torches 203; The sub-reactors 2 have the same cross-sectional shape, a plurality of first openings are provided on the first surface 204, the diameter of the first openings is equal to the outer diameter of the first sleeve 2031, a plurality of second openings are provided on the second surface 205, the diameter of the second openings is equal to the outer diameter of the second sleeve 2032, the first openings and the second openings are symmetrically arranged one by one, a plurality of the first sleeves 2031 are correspondingly fixed on the first openings, one end of the plurality of the first sleeves 2031 extends into the first gap, and the other end of the first sleeve 2031 extends into the second sleeve 2032 ; One end of the second sleeve 2032 is correspondingly connected to the second opening and communicates with the second gap, and the other end of the second sleeve 2032 is fixedly connected to the first surface 204; the length of the second sleeve 2032 is equal to the distance between the first surface 204 and the second surface 205; there is a gap between the first sleeve 2031 and the corresponding second sleeve 2032; multiple second sleeves 2032 are spaced apart from each other; preferably, multiple first sleeves 2031 are correspondingly spaced apart from each other, and the distances between multiple second sleeves 2032 are equal to each other.

[0033] The first surface 204 and the second surface 205 and the interval between the plurality of second sleeves 2032 together constitute the decomposition region 202; specifically, the ammonia inlet 23 is connected to the interval between the plurality of second sleeves 2032, the decomposition gas outlet 24 is connected to the gap between the plurality of second sleeves 2032, the ammonia inlet 23 and the decomposition gas outlet 24 are arranged opposite to each other, the ammonia inlet 23 is arranged close to the nitrogen inlet 21, and the decomposition gas outlet 24 is arranged close to the nitrogen outlet 22. By arranging the ammonia inlet 23 and the decomposition gas outlet 24 opposite to each other and communicating with the interval between the plurality of second sleeves 2032 at the same time, when ammonia enters the decomposition region 202, Under the blocking effect of the multiple second sleeves 2032, the turbulence degree of ammonia is improved, and the heating effect of ammonia is better, so that ammonia can fully and completely absorb heat. Ammonia undergoes a decomposition reaction during the flow process to generate a mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen. At the same time, the ammonia inlet 23 and the decomposition gas outlet 24 are relatively arranged to extend the flow distance of the mixed gas; further promote the complete decomposition of ammonia and reduce the content of residual ammonia in the mixed gas; preferably, an ammonia decomposition catalyst is filled between the multiple second sleeves 2032, and the ammonia decomposition catalyst is a ruthenium-based catalyst or a nickel-based catalyst. By filling the ammonia decomposition catalyst in the decomposition area 202, it is beneficial to improve the decomposition efficiency of ammonia and promote the full conversion and decomposition of ammonia.

[0034] The nitrogen in the nitrogen tank 6 enters the plasma reactor 2 through the nitrogen inlet 21. Specifically, the nitrogen enters the first gap of the plasma reactor 2. Since one end of the plurality of first sleeves 2031 away from the second sleeve 2032 extends into the first gap, the nitrogen enters the plurality of first sleeves 2031 correspondingly under the blocking effect of the first surface 204 and continues to flow along the corresponding first sleeve 2031 into the second sleeve 2032. After the nitrogen is discharged from the first sleeve 2031, it continues to flow in the corresponding second sleeve 2032, and finally is discharged from the second sleeve 2032 and enters the corresponding The discharged nitrogen is collected in the second gap and then discharged through the nitrogen outlet 22; wherein the first gap is also connected to the power port 25, through which the nitrogen in the first gap can be energized; through the voltage applied by the power supply 1, the nitrogen is ionized to generate plasma, and the electrons obtain enough energy to break free from the constraints of the nuclei to form free electrons and ions. These free electrons, ions and non-ionized neutral particles together constitute the plasma. In the plasma, electrons are easier to obtain energy due to their smaller mass, and their temperature is usually much higher than that of ions and neutral particles; high-energy electrons and gas molecules and atoms Elastic and inelastic collisions occur, transferring energy to them, causing gas molecules to be excited or ionized; particles in the plasma are subjected to collision and radiation processes, so that energy is rapidly distributed throughout the plasma, thereby generating higher energy; when the nitrogen forming the plasma passes through the corresponding second sleeve 2032, it can fully and effectively heat the ammonia flowing in the decomposition interval 202, so that the ammonia absorbs a large amount of heat during the flow process, generating hydrogen and nitrogen, and the plasma flows out of the plasma torch and becomes nitrogen; multiple plasma torches with a sleeve-type structure are used for the flow of nitrogen, so that the nitrogen first enters the first sleeve 2031 with a smaller aperture, and in multiple first sleeves, the nitrogen is heated to a certain temperature. The temperature in the tube 2031 can be quickly increased, and then enter the second sleeve 2032 with a larger aperture; the multiple first sleeves 2031 extended can start a turbulent effect on the flow of nitrogen, and the residence time of nitrogen in the plasma torch is prolonged by comparison; the nitrogen can enter the second sleeve 2032 after being fully ionized and quickly heated, thereby improving the heating effect and heating efficiency of the nitrogen, allowing the ammonia to be quickly heated in a short time, making full use of the energy of the heating gas to effectively heat the ammonia, reducing the excessive dependence of the ammonia decomposition reaction on the catalyst, and under the action of the ammonia decomposition catalyst, reducing the heating time and the overall energy consumption, and enhancing the catalytic reaction of ammonia decomposition to produce hydrogen.

[0035] exist Figure 1In order to better achieve the effective utilization of the energy generated during the plasma electrification process, preferably, the plasma reactor 2 is also connected to the second heat exchanger 4, and the second heat exchanger 4 is also connected to the first heat exchanger 3 and the nitrogen tank 6. Specifically, the nitrogen outlet 22 of the plasma reactor 2 is connected to the second heat exchanger 4, and the ammonia gas in the first heat exchanger 3 after heat exchange with the mixed gas discharged from the decomposition gas outlet 24 enters the second heat exchanger 4, and the second heat exchanger 4 can transfer the heat of the nitrogen discharged from the nitrogen outlet 22 to the nitrogen gas introduced from the first heat exchanger 3. ammonia, so as to heat the ammonia, promote the subsequent endothermic decomposition of ammonia, and improve the reuse of system heat; similarly, the nitrogen after heat exchange is discharged from the second heat exchanger 4 and enters the nitrogen tank 6, and the nitrogen tank 6 is used to introduce nitrogen into the plasma reactor 2; thereby achieving effective recycling of nitrogen in the system, reducing the consumption of nitrogen in the system, and improving the energy utilization rate of the system; specifically, a nitrogen discharge valve 42 is provided between the nitrogen outlet 22 and the second heat exchanger 4, and an ammonia discharge valve 41 is provided between the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 4.

[0036] The adsorption device 5 is also connected to the hydrogen adsorption tower 51 and the nitrogen adsorption tower 52 respectively. The hydrogen adsorption tower 51 and the nitrogen adsorption tower 52 are not connected to each other. The mixed gas after heat exchange in the first heat exchanger 3 is introduced into the adsorption device 5. The adsorption device 5 can adsorb and remove a small amount of residual ammonia in the mixed gas, thereby improving the purity of hydrogen and nitrogen in the mixed gas and reducing the influence of residual ammonia on subsequent gas use; the mixed gas after adsorption is partially introduced into the hydrogen adsorption tower 51, and partially introduced into the nitrogen adsorption tower 52; in order to achieve accurate control of the adsorbed hydrogen and nitrogen, preferably, a hydrogen adsorption valve 511 is provided between the adsorption device 5 and the hydrogen adsorption tower 51, and the adsorption A nitrogen adsorption valve 521 is provided between the device 5 and the nitrogen adsorption tower 52; the hydrogen adsorption tower 51 is used to adsorb hydrogen in the mixed gas and discharge the hydrogen to provide hydrogen for the hydrogen use terminal; the nitrogen adsorption tower 52 is used to adsorb nitrogen in the mixed gas and discharge the nitrogen. Preferably, the nitrogen adsorption tower 52 is connected to the nitrogen tank 6, and a nitrogen introduction valve 522 is provided between the nitrogen adsorption tower 52 and the nitrogen tank 6; the nitrogen adsorbed by the nitrogen adsorption tower 52 is introduced into the nitrogen tank 6 for subsequent plasma ionization catalysis of the plasma reactor 2, thereby realizing the recycling of nitrogen in the system, further reducing the energy consumption of the system, and promoting the ammonia decomposition efficiency of the system.

[0037] The plasma-heated catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system improves the decomposition effect of ammonia by combining the plasma electrification catalytic process with the ammonia decomposition catalyst. Compared with simple plasma electrification catalysis or only using the ammonia decomposition catalyst combined with heating to promote ammonia decomposition, the system reduces the overall energy required in the operation process, reduces the overall heating time, realizes rapid heating of ammonia, and increases the heat exchange area between nitrogen and ammonia during the plasma electrification process, provides a fast and uniform way to heat ammonia, and is suitable for occasions requiring rapid heating; since plasma is composed of high-density ions and electrons, the energy is highly concentrated and the heating effect is significant; no harmful substances are emitted during the plasma heating process, and it is a relatively environmentally friendly heating method; the heating process can be accurately controlled by adjusting parameters such as voltage and current to meet the needs of different processes; and the heat generated during the decomposition of ammonia and the plasma electrification process is effectively utilized during the operation of the system, so that nitrogen, decomposed gas and corresponding heat are reused, the energy utilization rate of the system is improved, and energy consumption is reduced.

[0038] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. However, the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plasma-heated catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system, comprising a power supply, a plasma reactor, a first heat exchanger, an adsorption device, a nitrogen tank and an ammonia tank, characterized in that: The power supply is electrically connected to the plasma reactor; The plasma reactor is provided with a nitrogen inlet, a nitrogen outlet, an ammonia inlet, a decomposition gas outlet and a power supply port; The plasma reactor has a first surface and a second surface fixedly disposed separately therein, wherein the first surface is disposed close to the nitrogen inlet, and the second surface is disposed close to the nitrogen outlet, a first gap is disposed between the first surface and the nitrogen inlet, and a second gap is disposed between the second surface and the nitrogen outlet, The interior of the plasma reactor is divided into an energized area and a decomposition area which are not connected to each other, and the energized area and the decomposition area are connected; the nitrogen inlet, the nitrogen outlet and the energized port are respectively connected to the energized area, and the ammonia inlet and the decomposition gas outlet are respectively connected to the decomposition area; the energized area includes a plurality of plasma torches arranged at intervals from each other, one end of the plurality of plasma torches is connected to the nitrogen inlet, and the other end of the plurality of plasma torches is connected to the nitrogen outlet; the plurality of plasma torches penetrate the decomposition area; The plasma torch is fixedly connected to the first surface and the second surface at the same time; the first gap, the second gap and the plurality of plasma torches together constitute the energized area; the first surface, the second surface and the intervals between the plurality of plasma torches together constitute the decomposition area; the energized port is in communication with the first gap; The plasma torch comprises a first sleeve and a second sleeve, wherein the diameter of the first sleeve is smaller than that of the second sleeve, and the first sleeve portion is sleeved inside the second sleeve portion; an end of the first sleeve away from the second sleeve extends into the first gap, and an end of the second sleeve away from the first sleeve communicates with the second gap; A plurality of first openings are provided on the first surface, and a plurality of second openings are provided on the second surface, the first openings and the second openings are symmetrically arranged one by one, the first sleeve is fixed on the first opening correspondingly, one end of the second sleeve is connected to the second opening and communicates with the second gap, the other end of the second sleeve is fixedly connected to the first surface, and the length of the second sleeve is equal to the distance between the first surface and the second surface; an ammonia decomposition catalyst is filled between the plurality of second sleeves, and the spacing between the plurality of second sleeves is equal to each other; the ammonia inlet is communicated with the spacing between the plurality of second sleeves, the decomposition gas outlet is communicated with the spacing between the plurality of second sleeves, and the ammonia inlet and the decomposition gas outlet are arranged opposite to each other; The ammonia tank and the decomposition gas outlet are simultaneously connected to the first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger can transfer the heat of the decomposition gas discharged from the decomposition gas outlet to the ammonia introduced into the ammonia tank; the first heat exchanger is also connected to the ammonia inlet and the adsorption device; the nitrogen tank is connected to the nitrogen inlet.

2. A plasma heating catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power source is an AC power source, and the power source is electrically connected to the power port.

3. The plasma heating catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasma reactor is also connected to a second heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger is also connected to the first heat exchanger and the nitrogen tank respectively. The second heat exchanger can transfer the heat of the nitrogen discharged from the plasma reactor to the ammonia introduced into the first heat exchanger; a nitrogen discharge valve is provided between the nitrogen outlet of the plasma reactor and the second heat exchanger, and an ammonia discharge valve is provided between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.

4. The plasma heating catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption device is connected to the hydrogen adsorption tower and the nitrogen adsorption tower respectively. A hydrogen adsorption valve is arranged between the adsorption device and the hydrogen adsorption tower, and a nitrogen adsorption valve is arranged between the adsorption device and the nitrogen adsorption tower. The hydrogen adsorption tower and the nitrogen adsorption tower are not connected to each other.

5. A plasma heating catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The nitrogen adsorption tower is communicated with the nitrogen tank, and a nitrogen introduction valve is arranged between the nitrogen adsorption tower and the nitrogen tank.

6. The plasma heating catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A decomposition gas control valve is provided between the first heat exchanger and the adsorption device, an ammonia control valve is provided between the ammonia tank and the first heat exchanger, and a nitrogen control valve is provided between the nitrogen tank and the plasma reactor.

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