Robotic control electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheopolishing manufacturing method and apparatus

Abstract

A robot-controlled electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheological polishing manufacturing method utilizes an electrochemical reaction to dissolve the anode surface of a workpiece and form a passivation film, and an ultrasonic cavitation-shear combined effect makes the nanometer abrasive grains in the electrochemical polishing solution produce a tiny jet shear to remove the passivation film, and then the electrochemical reaction is continued.A robot-controlled electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheological polishing manufacturing device includes a box body and an ultrasonic auxiliary assembly, a power supply auxiliary assembly, an electrochemical polishing liquid circulation auxiliary assembly, a polishing assembly and a robot control assembly, the polishing assembly is located in the inside of the box body, and the ultrasonic auxiliary assembly, the power supply auxiliary assembly, the electrochemical polishing liquid circulation auxiliary assembly and the robot control assembly are located at the outer end of the box body.The present application can not only greatly improve the polishing efficiency, but also achieve the polishing precision of atomic near atomic scale.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of ultra-precision polishing and grinding, and particularly relates to a robot-controlled electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheological polishing manufacturing method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The integrated metal additive manufactured parts in aerospace components are usually composed of parts with complex structures such as internal flow channels, cavities, etc. For example, the key components of liquid rocket engines, such as injector shells and thrust chambers, have hundreds of cooling flow channels inside the parts under harsh use environments. The surface quality of these components directly determines the overall performance and service life of the engine. Therefore, effective finishing is an important means to improve product quality. For complex metal additive parts, the fine machining of the internal surface has become a major challenge in current industrial applications, and is also one of the main obstacles to the wide application of metal additive manufacturing technology. Since aerospace products have higher requirements for their internal structures and appearance precision, advanced processes need to be used for internal surface precision machining to improve product quality. In the field of aerospace, products with functional flow channels can be used to transfer mass or energy, and have high requirements for the forming quality of the internal surface. However, the post-processing involves complex operating conditions, many restrictions, and a harsh internal working environment, making machining difficult, so the finishing of internal flow channels becomes difficult. In the industry, the current mainstream technical means include mechanical polishing technology (such as abrasive flow machining technology), chemical polishing, and electrochemical polishing, etc. These methods can basically meet the needs when dealing with simple flow channels, but there are still obvious deficiencies in dealing with complex flow channels, blind holes, thin walls, variable cross-sections, and complex curved surfaces, etc.

[0003] Electrochemical polishing is a surface treatment method that dissolves the anode of a metal workpiece in a specific electrochemical polishing liquid environment, thereby reducing the surface roughness, improving the brightness, and imparting a metallic luster to the metal. As a means of metal surface treatment, electrochemical polishing has the following advantages: 1) it can effectively reduce the surface roughness, thereby achieving excellent surface polishing effect; 2) the polishing efficiency is very high, and it has no direct relationship with the mechanical properties (such as hardness, toughness, strength, etc.) of the treated material; 3) compared with mechanical polishing equipment, the equipment required for polishing shaped parts is more simple and economical. During the polishing process, the workpiece does not come into contact with the tool (cathode), and there is no cutting force, heat, burr, or tool marks, or tool wear.

[0004] Ultrasonic assistant abrasive flow polishing (UVAFP) is a comprehensive polishing technology which combines ultrasonic vibration and abrasive flow polishing. It can realize toolless grinding and improve the surface integrity of the polished workpiece. It is especially suitable for processing hard and brittle materials and surfaces with complex shapes, which broadens the application range of abrasive flow polishing technology and improves the polishing efficiency and the quality of the workpiece surface. UVAFP can be divided into two categories according to different ultrasonic vibration principles: one is ultrasonic energy-based part polishing, and the other is the combined action mechanism of ultrasonic waves and abrasive flow. The latter mainly includes pulse ultrasonic polishing and non-contact ultrasonic polishing. Compared with traditional polishing technology, the addition of ultrasonic processing capability based on the relative kinetic energy of abrasive particles can significantly improve the polishing efficiency and the polishing effect.

[0005] A small-bore pipeline inner surface electrochemical polishing device has been disclosed in a Chinese invention patent (CN116121842A). It includes a power supply system, a storage tank for storing electrochemical polishing liquid, a support inside the storage tank for supporting the horizontal pipeline, a positive electrode of the power supply system electrically connected to the pipeline, a negative electrode of the power supply system electrically connected to a cathode rod inserted into the pipeline, a reciprocating mechanism connected to the cathode rod, the reciprocating mechanism driving the cathode rod to move reciprocally in the pipeline, an electrochemical polishing liquid circulating device connected to one end of the pipeline, the electrochemical polishing liquid circulating device driving the electrochemical polishing liquid to circulate in the pipeline, and the combination of the reciprocating movement of the cathode rod and the circulation of the electrochemical polishing liquid avoids the generation of white spots on the inner surface due to the attachment of bubbles and the short circuit caused by the accumulation of impurities. However, this patent does not involve ultrasonic-assisted abrasive flow polishing mechanism, and the recycling and utilization of electrochemical polishing liquid.

[0006] The disclosed Chinese invention patent (CN114985855A) is an electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing processing device. It includes a grinding block, a polishing and grinding vibration tank, a vibration exciter, a spring and a base to form a mechanical processing assembly; a pulse power supply, a support plate, a partition plate, a cathode tube material and the like to form an electrochemical processing assembly; a support shaft, a first pulley, a second pulley, a transmission belt and a drive motor to form a rotary drive assembly; and a circulating pump, a valve, a filter, a circulating pipeline, a spray head and a spray pipe to form an electrochemical polishing liquid circulating assembly. The auxiliary electrochemical processing in the invention expands the processing range of mechanical processing, and can process various high-hardness and high-strength metal materials. The rolling grinding has a full-range grinding effect on the passivation layer formed by electrochemical processing, greatly improving the processing efficiency and processing effect. However, the patent cannot polish long-diameter capillary tubes and complex-shaped metal tubes, and the performance of the part type is expected to be further improved.

[0007] The disclosed Chinese invention patent (CN116967850A) is an elongated tube inner surface fluid polishing device and method, which includes a workbench, a fluid processing unit and a magnetic fluid unit. The fluid processing unit has two units symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the workbench. The left and right ends of the elongated tube, i.e., the workpiece, are connected to the fluid processing units on the left and right sides, respectively. The magnetic fluid unit is located below the workpiece, and the magnetic field generated by the magnetic poles controls the magnetic particles in the polishing liquid in the fluid processing unit to form a magnetic chain with a certain yield strength along the magnetic force direction, which is adsorbed on the inner surface of the workpiece to form a local blocking block, thereby reducing the actual flow diameter of the polishing liquid in the blocking area, and further increasing the polishing liquid flow rate and improving the polishing intensity. The invention is based on the fluidity of the magneto-rheological fluid, and can realize the region-selective polishing of the elongated tube with an extremely small diameter and an extremely large length-diameter ratio, such as a needle tube with a length of >200 mm and an inner diameter of ≤1 mm. However, the patent does not involve electrochemical polishing, and there is room for improvement in the efficient polishing of workpieces. SUMMARY

[0008] To overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, such as complex flow channels, difficulty in polishing the inner wall of elongated pipes and small holes, low polishing efficiency and single processing type, the present invention provides a robot-controlled electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheological polishing manufacturing method and device, which can greatly improve the polishing efficiency and achieve atomic or near-atomic scale polishing precision.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:

[0010] A robot-controlled electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheological polishing manufacturing method, which utilizes electrochemical reaction to dissolve the anode surface of a workpiece and form a passivation film, and ultrasonic cavitation-shear combined effect to make the nanometer abrasive particles in the electrochemical polishing solution produce micro-jet shear to remove the passivation film, and then continue the electrochemical reaction.

[0011] Further, the electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheological polishing comprises the following steps:

[0012] 1) The robot automatically clamps the workpiece, places it on the limiting groove, and aligns the workpiece inner flow channel drainage port with the limiting groove, so that the cathode rod is deeply inserted into the workpiece inner flow channel;

[0013] 2) Adjust the lifting workbench to make the workpiece reach the set height, and the robot clamps the jig at the workpiece inner flow channel drainage port;

[0014] 3) Add the electrochemical polishing solution containing nanometer abrasive particles into the electrochemical polishing solution tank, start the hydraulic pump, and the electrochemical polishing solution flows into the workpiece inner cavity along the infusion tube;

[0015] 4) Start the power supply, adjust the transformer, so that the inner surface of the workpiece undergoes electrochemical reaction, the anode surface of the workpiece is dissolved and a passivation film is formed;

[0016] 5) Start the ultrasonic signal generator, the signal is transmitted by the ultrasonic signal transmission line, the ultrasonic wave is focused into the rotating polishing shaft through the ultrasonic transducer and the amplitude bar, and a large number of cavitation bubbles wrapped by nanometer abrasive particles are generated in the electrochemical polishing solution;

[0017] 6) Under the cavitation-shear combined effect of the ultrasonic wave, the cavitation bubble-shear combined mechanism formed in the electrochemical polishing solution plays a thickening rheological effect, the nanometer abrasive particles produce micro-jet shear to remove the passivation film, at this time the electrochemical polishing solution continues to dissolve the fresh surface exposed; through the repeated action of electrochemical dissolution of the anode workpiece and shear removal of the passivation film by the nanometer abrasive particles, the robot-controlled electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheological polishing is realized.

[0018] The application discloses a robot control electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheological polishing manufacturing device, which comprises a box body and an ultrasonic auxiliary assembly, a power supply auxiliary assembly, an electrochemical polishing liquid circulation auxiliary assembly, a polishing assembly and a robot control assembly, the polishing assembly is located inside the box body, and the ultrasonic auxiliary assembly, the power supply auxiliary assembly, the electrochemical polishing liquid circulation auxiliary assembly and the robot control assembly are located at the outer end of the box body; the inlet side of the electrochemical polishing liquid circulation auxiliary assembly is communicated with a liquid discharge port of the box body, the outlet side of the electrochemical polishing liquid circulation auxiliary assembly is a liquid delivery pipe, the polishing assembly comprises an anode connecting piece, an extension pipe, a clamp, a limiting groove, a cathode rod, a polishing workbench, an insulating layer and a lifting workbench, the upper end of the extension pipe is connected with the outlet of the liquid delivery pipe through the anode connecting piece, the ultrasonic auxiliary assembly is connected with the liquid delivery pipe, the lower end of the extension pipe is provided with the clamp, the clamp is located above a work station for placing a workpiece to be polished, the lower end of the work station is provided with the limiting groove for fixing the workpiece, the limiting groove contains the cathode rod, the power supply auxiliary assembly is connected with the anode connecting piece and the cathode rod, the limiting groove and the polishing workbench are tightly connected together, and the lower end of the polishing workbench is sequentially provided with the insulating layer and the lifting workbench.

[0019] Further, the limiting groove is fixed at the upper end of the polishing workbench and is arranged in a circumferential array; the limiting groove is internally opened to discharge the electrochemical polishing liquid; meanwhile, the limiting groove contains the cathode rod in the inside, so that the electrochemical reaction can be better carried out in the workpiece.

[0020] Still further, the box body and the extension pipe contain an adjusting gasket therebetween,

[0021] Preferably, the workpiece is an internal flow channel of a high-energy beam laser additive product, a part of a cavity structure, an elongated capillary tube or a standard pipe.

[0022] The ultrasonic auxiliary assembly is located at the upper right end of the box body and is connected with the liquid delivery pipe; the power supply auxiliary assembly is located at the left end of the box body; and the electrochemical polishing liquid circulation auxiliary assembly is located at the right end of the box body.

[0023] The robot control assembly comprises a base, a first joint, a main arm, a second joint, a secondary arm, a third joint, a small arm and a mechanical claw, the first joint is connected with the base and the main arm, the second joint is connected with the main arm and the secondary arm, the third joint is connected with the secondary arm and the small arm, and the small arm is provided with the mechanical claw at the tail end.

[0024] The ultrasonic auxiliary assembly comprises, from top to bottom, an ultrasonic signal generator, an ultrasonic signal transmission line, an ultrasonic transducer, a heat sink and an amplitude varying rod, the ultrasonic signal generator is connected with the ultrasonic transducer through the ultrasonic signal transmission line, the ultrasonic transducer is wrapped by the heat sink, the lower end of the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the amplitude varying rod, and the lower end of the amplitude varying rod is connected with two liquid delivery pipes.

[0025] The power supply auxiliary assembly includes a direct current power supply, a circuit protection device, a transformer, a voltmeter and an ammeter, and is located at the left end of the box body; the anode of the direct current power supply is connected with the anode connecting piece through the circuit protection device; the cathode of the power supply is connected with the cathode rod through the transformer; the voltmeter measures the output voltage; and the ammeter measures the output current.

[0026] The direct current power supply is a silicon rectifier power supply and a thyristor rectifier power supply.

[0027] The electrochemical polishing liquid circulation auxiliary assembly includes a liquid delivery pipe, a hydraulic pump, a filter, an electrochemical polishing liquid tank and a liquid discharge port, and is located at the right end of the box body; the electrochemical polishing liquid passes through the filter, the hydraulic pump and the ultrasonic auxiliary device in sequence through the liquid delivery pipe, reaches the inner cavity of the workpiece, and then flows back to the electrochemical polishing liquid tank through the liquid discharge port, so that the electrochemical polishing liquid circulation is completed.

[0028] The filter is divided into physical filtration and chemical filtration; the physical filtration mainly filters the passivation film and workpiece debris in the electrochemical polishing liquid; and the chemical filtration filters the metal cations in the electrochemical polishing liquid.

[0029] The electrochemical polishing liquid contains nano abrasive grains, and the nano abrasive grains include one or two or more of nano diamond, cubic boron oxide, boron carbide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon oxide, gallium oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide, lithium fluoride, graphite and Al2O3.

[0030] The electrochemical polishing liquid is generally acidic, neutral and alkaline; the acidic electrochemical polishing liquid is mainly used for processing titanium alloy materials and stainless steel materials, and includes phosphoric acid-based, sulfuric acid-based, perchloric acid-based, phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid-based and various additive electrochemical polishing liquids; the phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid-based electrochemical polishing liquid has better universality; the additives mainly include corrosion inhibitors, leveling agents and brightening agents; the corrosion inhibitors include ethanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, acetic acid and oxalic acid; the leveling agents include triethanolamine, urea and thiourea; and the brightening agents include glucose, saccharin, starch and sucrose.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present application mainly include:

[0032] 1. The processed workpiece is rich in types; the device involved in the present application can process different types of workpieces, and can also process complex inner flow channel workpieces at the same time, so that the processing efficiency can be greatly improved.

[0033] 2、The important role of ultrasonic waves. Ultrasonic waves not only promote and physically strengthen the electrochemical process (mainly embodied in strengthening the diffusion mass transfer process in electrochemical polishing), accelerate the speed of electrode surface oxidation and reduction, but also assist in the efficient shearing removal of nano abrasive particles on the anode workpiece surface.

[0034] 3、Easy chip removal. In the polishing process, debris will be generated, which will affect the surface processing precision by continuously accumulating. The present application uses abrasive flow rheological technology to remove, and the polishing liquid can effectively remove the debris in time during the processing, so that the workpiece surface remains clean, thereby ensuring the polishing process.

[0035] 4、Fast heat dissipation. The workpiece and the removal tool remove material through mutual friction, which generates a large amount of heat during the removal process, thereby affecting the polishing precision of the workpiece surface and causing burn problems on the workpiece surface. The present application uses cavitation effect, which not only accelerates the mechanical damage to the workpiece surface, but also fully plays a cooling and lubricating effect, thereby reducing or avoiding the burn problem on the workpiece surface caused by traditional polishing.

[0036] 5、Higher material removal. The electrochemical ultrasonic shearing rheological polishing technology used in the present application specifically includes the following steps: after power-on, under the reaction of electrochemistry, a large number of protrusions on the anode surface of the workpiece are first dissolved and form a passivation film; under the cavitation-shearing combined action of ultrasonic waves, the cavitation bubble-shearing combined mechanism in the electrochemical polishing liquid plays a thickening rheological effect, the nano abrasive particles produce a small jet shearing to remove the passivation film, at this time the electrochemical polishing liquid continues to dissolve the fresh surface exposed; through the repeated action of electrochemical dissolution of the anode workpiece and the nano abrasive particle shearing to remove the passivation film, a robot-controlled electrochemical ultrasonic shearing rheological polishing method is realized.

[0037] 6、Automatic device. The device of the present application adds a robot control system, the robot can timely clamp or disassemble the workpiece, adjust the best polishing position of the workbench according to workpieces of different sizes, simplify the manual operation process, and greatly improve the processing efficiency.

[0038] 7、The present application has relatively low requirements for polishing equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an electrochemical ultrasonic shearing rheological polishing device (without labeling the robot).

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the polishing part of the electrochemical ultrasonic shearing rheological polishing device (without labeling the workpiece and the clamp).

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the inner flow channel (single flow channel, multiple flow channels).

[0042] Figure 4 Figure 1 is a schematic view of a limiting groove component.

[0043] Figure 5 Figure 2 is a schematic view of a robot.

[0044] Figure 6 Figure 3 is a schematic view of a polishing method of an electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheological polishing device (part of the inner flow channel is intercepted).

[0045] Figure 7 Figure 4 is a schematic view of a microstructure of abrasive shear material removal (part of the inner flow channel is intercepted).

[0046] 1, box; 2, ultrasonic signal generator; 3, ultrasonic signal transmission line; 4, ultrasonic transducer; 5, heat sink; 6, amplitude rod; 7, infusion tube; 8, hydraulic pump; 9, filter; 10, electrochemical polishing liquid tank; 11, liquid outlet; 12, limiting groove; 13, polishing workbench; 14, insulation layer; 15, lifting workbench; 16, cathode rod; 17, ammeter; 18, transformer; 19, DC power supply; 20, voltmeter; 21, circuit protection device; 22, clamp; 23, adjusting gasket; 24, telescopic tube; 25, anode connecting piece; 26, workpiece; 27, base; 28, first joint; 29, main arm; 30, second joint; 31, secondary arm; 32, third joint; 33, small arm; 34, mechanical claw; 201, ultrasonic wave; 202, chemical substance; 203, nano abrasive particle; 204, cavitation bubble; 501, anode workpiece inner wall; 502, electrochemical reaction; 503, abrasive shear removal of passivation film; 504, after multiple composite processing; 505, anode dissolution; 506, passivation film; 507, abrasive shear; 601, fine spray. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] Reference Figures 1-7The application discloses a robot control electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheological polishing manufacturing device, which comprises a box body 1 and an ultrasonic auxiliary assembly, a power supply auxiliary assembly, an electrochemical polishing liquid circulation auxiliary assembly, a polishing assembly and a robot control assembly, wherein the ultrasonic auxiliary assembly comprises, from top to bottom, an ultrasonic signal generator 2, an ultrasonic signal transmission line 3, an ultrasonic transducer 4, a heat sink 5 and an amplitude transformer 6, and is located at the upper right end of the box body 1 and connected with a liquid delivery pipe 7; the power supply auxiliary assembly comprises a direct current power supply 19, a circuit protection device 21, a transformer 18, a voltmeter 20 and an ammeter 17, and is located at the left end of the box body 1; the electrochemical polishing liquid circulation auxiliary assembly comprises the liquid delivery pipe 7, a hydraulic pump 8, a filter 9, an electrochemical polishing liquid tank 10 and a liquid discharge port 11, and is located at the right end of the box body 1; the polishing assembly comprises an anode connecting piece 25, an expansion pipe 24, a clamp 22, an adjusting gasket 23, a workpiece 26, a limiting groove 12, a cathode rod 16, a polishing workbench 13, an insulating layer 14 and a lifting workbench 15, and is located in the box body 1; and the robot control assembly comprises a base 27, a first joint 28, a main arm 29, a second joint 30, a secondary arm 31, a third joint 32, a small arm 33 and a mechanical gripper 34, and is located in front of the box body 1.

[0049] The polishing assembly comprises the anode connecting piece 25, the expansion pipe 24, the clamp 22, the adjusting gasket 23, the workpiece 26, the limiting groove 12, the cathode rod 16, the polishing workbench 13, the insulating layer 14 and the lifting workbench 15, and is located in the box body 1; the upper end of the expansion pipe 24 is connected with the liquid delivery pipe outlet through the anode connecting piece 25; the lower end of the expansion pipe 24 is provided with the clamp 22; the adjusting gasket 23 is arranged between the box body 1 and the expansion pipe 24; the lower end of the workpiece 26 is fixed on the limiting groove 12; the limiting groove 12 is provided with the cathode rod 16; and the limiting groove 12 and the polishing workbench 13 are tightly connected together; and the lower end of the polishing workbench 13 is sequentially provided with the insulating layer 14 and the lifting workbench 15.

[0050] Optionally, the anode connecting piece 25 can not only play a connecting role, but also provide current for the electrochemical polishing liquid.

[0051] The limiting groove 12 is fixed at the upper end of the polishing workbench and arranged in a circumferential array; the limiting groove 12 is internally open and can discharge the electrochemical polishing liquid; meanwhile, the limiting groove 12 is internally provided with the cathode rod 16, so that the electrochemical reaction can be better carried out in the workpiece 26.

[0052] The lifting platform height is adjusted according to the length of the workpiece 26, so that the workpiece 26 can be clamped at a proper position.

[0053] The workpiece 26 is a component of an internal flow channel (single flow channel, multiple flow channels), a cavity, and other complex structures of a high-energy beam laser additive product, an elongated capillary tube, and a standard tube, and the material is mainly titanium alloy material and stainless steel material, wherein the titanium alloy material is Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo, and the like, and the stainless steel material is 304, 316L, 17-4PH, and the like.

[0054] The ultrasonic auxiliary assembly comprises, from top to bottom, an ultrasonic signal generator 2, an ultrasonic signal transmission line 3, an ultrasonic transducer 4, a heat sink 5, and an amplitude transformer 6.

[0055] The ultrasonic transducer 4 is made of supermagnetic material, which has the advantages of higher energy density, higher conversion efficiency, and faster response speed compared with traditional materials.

[0056] The ultrasonic transducer 4 is made of supermagnetic material, which has the advantages of higher energy density, higher conversion efficiency, and faster response speed compared with traditional materials.

[0057] The power supply auxiliary assembly comprises a direct current power supply 19, a circuit protection device 21, a transformer 18, a voltmeter 20, and an ammeter 17.

[0058] The direct current power supply 19 is a silicon rectifier power supply and a thyristor rectifier power supply.

[0059] The robot control assembly comprises a base 27, a first joint 28, a main arm 29, a second joint 30, a secondary arm 31, a third joint 32, a small arm 33, and a mechanical claw 34.

[0060] The electrochemical polishing liquid circulation auxiliary assembly comprises a liquid delivery pipe 7, a hydraulic pump 8, a filter 9, an electrochemical polishing liquid tank 10 and a liquid discharge port 11, and is arranged at the right end of the box body 1. The electrochemical polishing liquid flows through the filter 9, the hydraulic pump 8, the ultrasonic auxiliary device and then reaches the inner cavity of the workpiece 26 through the liquid delivery pipe 7, and then flows back to the electrochemical polishing liquid tank 10 through the liquid discharge port 11, so that the electrochemical polishing liquid circulation is completed.

[0061] The filter 9 is divided into physical filtering and chemical filtering. The physical filtering mainly filters the passivation film and the workpiece 26 debris in the electrochemical polishing liquid, and the chemical filtering filters the metal cations in the electrochemical polishing liquid.

[0062] The electrochemical polishing liquid contains nano abrasive grains, and the nano abrasive grains include one or more than two kinds of nano diamond, cubic boron oxide, boron carbide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon oxide, gallium oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide, lithium fluoride, graphite and Al2O3.

[0063] The electrochemical polishing liquid is generally acidic, neutral and alkaline. For processing titanium alloy materials and stainless steel materials, the acidic electrochemical polishing liquid is mainly used, which includes phosphoric acid system, sulfuric acid system, perchloric acid system, phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid system and various additives. The commonly used acidic polishing liquid is the phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid system electrochemical polishing liquid. The additives mainly include corrosion inhibitors, leveling agents and brightening agents. The corrosion inhibitors include ethanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, acetic acid, oxalic acid and the like, the leveling agents include triethanolamine, urea, thiourea and the like, and the brightening agents include glucose, saccharin, starch, sucrose and the like.

[0064] A robot control electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheological polishing manufacturing method is disclosed. The workpiece anode surface is dissolved and a passivation film is formed by electrochemical reaction. The nano abrasive grains in the electrochemical polishing liquid are sheared by micro jet flow to remove the passivation film by the ultrasonic cavitation-shear composite effect, and then the electrochemical reaction is continued.

[0065] Further, the electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheological polishing comprises the following steps:

[0066] 1) The robot automatically clamps the workpiece 26, places it on the limiting groove 12, aligns the workpiece 26 inner flow channel liquid discharge port with the limiting groove 12, and makes the cathode rod deeply enter the workpiece 26 inner flow channel;

[0067] 2) The workpiece 26 reaches the appropriate height by adjusting the lifting workbench 15, and the robot clamps the clamp 22 at the workpiece 26 inner flow channel liquid delivery port;

[0068] 3) The electrochemical polishing liquid containing nano abrasive grains is added to the electrochemical polishing liquid tank 10, the hydraulic pump 8 is started, and the electrochemical polishing liquid flows into the inner cavity of the workpiece 26 along the liquid delivery pipe 7.

[0069] 4) Turn on the power supply, adjust the transformer 18, so that the inner surface of the workpiece 26 occurs electrochemical reaction, so that the workpiece 26 anode surface dissolution and form a passivation film;

[0070] 5) Turn on the ultrasonic signal generator 2, the signal is transmitted by the ultrasonic signal delivery line 3, through the ultrasonic transducer 4 and the amplitude bar 6 to the rotating polishing shaft Focus ultrasonic waves, and generate a large number of nanometer abrasive coated cavitation bubbles in the electrochemical polishing solution;

[0071] 6) Under the cavitation-shear complex action of ultrasonic waves, the cavitation bubble-shear complex mechanism formed in the electrochemical polishing solution plays a thickening rheological effect, and the nanometer abrasive produces a small jet shear to remove the passivation film, at this time The electrochemical polishing solution continues to dissolve the fresh surface exposed; through the repeated action of electrochemical dissolution of the anode workpiece 26 and the nanometer abrasive shear removal of the passivation film, the robot-controlled electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheological polishing is realized.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] The application is used for processing additive manufacturing slender pipes with the size of: outer diameter 2mm, inner diameter 1mm, length 1000mm (the material is mainly titanium alloy material and stainless steel material).

[0074] The polishing method comprises the following steps:

[0075] 1) The robot automatically clamps the additive manufacturing slender pipe workpiece 26 with an outer diameter of 2mm, an inner diameter of 1mm and a length of about 1000mm, and places it on the limiting groove 12, so that the cathode rod is deeply inserted into the workpiece 26;

[0076] 2) Adjust the lifting workbench 15 to make the workpiece 26 reach the appropriate height, and the robot clamps the clamp 22 on the upper end of the slender pipe;

[0077] 3) Add the electrochemical polishing solution containing nanometer abrasive to the electrochemical polishing solution tank 10, and turn on the hydraulic pump 8, so that the electrochemical polishing solution flows into the inner cavity of the workpiece 26 along the liquid conveying pipe 7;

[0078] 4) Turn on the power supply, adjust the transformer 18, so that the inner surface of the workpiece 26 occurs electrochemical reaction, so that the workpiece 26 anode surface dissolution and form a passivation film;

[0079] 5) Turn on the ultrasonic signal generator 2, the signal is transmitted by the ultrasonic signal delivery line 3, through the ultrasonic transducer 4 and the amplitude bar 6 to the rotating polishing shaft Focus ultrasonic waves, and generate a large number of nanometer abrasive coated cavitation bubbles in the electrochemical polishing solution;

[0080] 6) under the cavitation-shear combined effect of the ultrasonic wave, the cavitation bubble-shear combined mechanism formed in the electrochemical polishing solution plays a thickening rheological effect on the electrochemical polishing solution, the nano abrasive particles therein produce tiny jet shear to remove the passivation film, at this time the electrochemical polishing solution continues to dissolve the exposed fresh surface; through the repeated action of the electrochemical dissolution of the anode workpiece 26 and the shear removal of the passivation film by the nano abrasive particles, the robot-controlled electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheological polishing is realized.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] The present application is used for processing stainless steel single runner with the size of 100mm, 80mm, 60mm in length, width and height.

[0083] The polishing method comprises the following steps:

[0084] 1) the robot automatically clamps the stainless steel single runner workpiece 26 with the size of 100mm, 80mm, 60mm in length, width and height, places it on the limiting groove 12, and aligns the inner runner liquid discharge port of the workpiece 26 with the limiting groove 12, so that the cathode rod is deeply inserted into the inner runner of the workpiece 26;

[0085] 2) the lifting workbench 15 is adjusted to make the workpiece 26 reach the appropriate height, and the robot clamps the clamp 22 at the inner runner liquid inlet of the workpiece 26;

[0086] 3) the electrochemical polishing solution containing nano abrasive particles is added to the electrochemical polishing solution tank 10, the hydraulic pump 8 is started, and the electrochemical polishing solution flows into the inner cavity of the workpiece 26 along the liquid conveying pipe 7;

[0087] 4) the power supply is started, the transformer 18 is adjusted, the electrochemical reaction occurs on the inner surface of the workpiece 26, the anode surface of the workpiece 26 is dissolved, and the passivation film is formed;

[0088] 5) the ultrasonic signal generator 2 is started, the signal is transmitted by the ultrasonic signal conveying line 3, the ultrasonic wave is focused into the rotating polishing shaft through the ultrasonic transducer 4 and the amplitude rod 6, and a large number of cavitation bubbles coated with nano abrasive particles are generated in the electrochemical polishing solution;

[0089] 6) under the cavitation-shear combined effect of the ultrasonic wave, the cavitation bubble-shear combined mechanism formed in the electrochemical polishing solution plays a thickening rheological effect on the electrochemical polishing solution, the nano abrasive particles therein produce tiny jet shear to remove the passivation film, at this time the electrochemical polishing solution continues to dissolve the exposed fresh surface; through the repeated action of the electrochemical dissolution of the anode workpiece 26 and the shear removal of the passivation film by the nano abrasive particles, the robot-controlled electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheological polishing is realized.

[0090] Example 3

[0091] The application is used for processing titanium alloy multi-channel with size of 110mm, 85mm, 60mm in length, width and height.

[0092] The polishing method comprises the following steps:

[0093] 1) The robot automatically clamps the titanium alloy multi-channel workpiece 26 with size of 110mm, 85mm, 60mm in length, width and height, places it on the limiting groove 12, and aligns the inner channel liquid outlet of the workpiece 26 with the limiting groove 12, so that the cathode rod is deeply inserted into the inner channel of the workpiece 26;

[0094] 2) The lifting workbench 15 is adjusted to make the workpiece 26 reach a suitable height, and the robot clamps the clamp 22 at the inner channel liquid outlet of the workpiece 26;

[0095] 3) The electrochemical polishing solution containing nano abrasive particles is added to the electrochemical polishing solution tank 10, and the hydraulic pump 8 is turned on, so that the electrochemical polishing solution flows into the inner cavity of the workpiece 26 along the liquid delivery pipe 7;

[0096] 4) The power supply is turned on, and the transformer 18 is adjusted, so that the inner surface of the workpiece 26 undergoes an electrochemical reaction, the anode surface of the workpiece 26 is dissolved, and a passivation film is formed;

[0097] 5) The ultrasonic signal generator 2 is turned on, the signal is transmitted by the ultrasonic signal transmission line 3, the ultrasonic wave is focused into the rotating polishing shaft through the ultrasonic transducer 4 and the amplitude rod 6, and a large number of cavitation bubbles coated with nano abrasive particles are generated in the electrochemical polishing solution;

[0098] 6) Under the cavitation-shearing combined action of the ultrasonic wave, the cavitation-bubble shearing combined mechanism formed in the electrochemical polishing solution has a thickening rheological effect on the electrochemical polishing solution, the nano abrasive particles produce a small jet shearing to remove the passivation film, at this time, the electrochemical polishing solution continues to dissolve the fresh surface exposed; through the repeated action of the electrochemical dissolution of the anode workpiece 26 and the shearing removal of the passivation film by the nano abrasive particles, the robot controlled electrochemical ultrasonic shearing rheological polishing is realized.

[0099] The embodiments of the present application are only a list of implementation forms of the inventive concept, and are only used for description. The protection scope of the present application should not be regarded as being limited to the specific forms described in the embodiments, and the protection scope of the present application also includes the equivalent technical means that can be thought by those skilled in the art according to the inventive concept.

Claims

1. A robotic controlled electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheo-polishing manufacturing apparatus, comprising: The device comprises a box body and an ultrasonic auxiliary assembly, a power supply auxiliary assembly, an electrochemical polishing liquid circulation auxiliary assembly, a polishing assembly and a robot control assembly, the polishing assembly is located inside the box body, and the ultrasonic auxiliary assembly, the power supply auxiliary assembly, the electrochemical polishing liquid circulation auxiliary assembly and the robot control assembly are located at the outer end of the box body; the inlet side of the electrochemical polishing liquid circulation auxiliary assembly is communicated with the liquid outlet of the box body, the outlet side of the electrochemical polishing liquid circulation auxiliary assembly is a liquid delivery pipe, the polishing assembly comprises an anode connecting piece, an extension pipe, a clamp, a limiting groove, a cathode rod, a polishing workbench, an insulating layer and a lifting workbench, the upper end of the extension pipe is connected with the outlet of the liquid delivery pipe through the anode connecting piece, the ultrasonic auxiliary assembly is connected with the liquid delivery pipe, the lower end of the extension pipe is provided with the clamp, the clamp is located above the work station for placing the workpiece to be polished, the lower end of the work station is provided with the limiting groove for fixing the workpiece, the limiting groove contains the cathode rod, the power supply auxiliary assembly is connected with the anode connecting piece and the cathode rod, the limiting groove and the polishing workbench are tightly connected together, and the lower end of the polishing workbench is sequentially provided with the insulating layer and the lifting workbench; The ultrasonic auxiliary assembly comprises an ultrasonic signal generator, an ultrasonic signal delivery line, an ultrasonic transducer, a heat sink and an amplitude varying rod from top to bottom, the ultrasonic signal generator is connected with the ultrasonic transducer through the ultrasonic signal delivery line, the ultrasonic transducer is wrapped by the heat sink, the lower end of the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the amplitude varying rod, and the lower end of the amplitude varying rod is connected with the two liquid delivery pipes. The electrochemical polishing liquid circulation auxiliary assembly comprises a liquid delivery pipe, a hydraulic pump, a filter, an electrochemical polishing liquid tank and a liquid outlet, the electrochemical polishing liquid circulation auxiliary assembly is located at the right end of the box body, the electrochemical polishing liquid flows through the filter, the hydraulic pump and the ultrasonic auxiliary device in sequence through the liquid delivery pipe to reach the inner cavity of the workpiece, and then flows back to the electrochemical polishing liquid tank through the liquid outlet, so that the electrochemical polishing liquid circulation is completed.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The limiting groove is fixed at the upper end of the polishing workbench and is arranged in a circumferential array, the limiting groove is internally open and can discharge the electrochemical polishing liquid, and the limiting groove contains the cathode rod, so that the electrochemical reaction in the workpiece can be better performed.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein, There is an adjusting gasket between the box body and the extension pipe.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The robot control assembly comprises a base, a first joint, a main arm, a second joint, a secondary arm, a third joint, a small arm and a mechanical claw, the first joint connects the base and the main arm, the second joint connects the main arm and the secondary arm, the third joint connects the secondary arm and the small arm, and the small arm is provided with the mechanical claw at the tail end.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The power supply auxiliary assembly comprises a direct current power supply, a circuit protection device, a transformer, a voltmeter and an ammeter, the power supply auxiliary assembly is located at the left end of the box body, the anode of the direct current power supply is connected with the anode connecting piece through the circuit protection device, the cathode of the power supply is connected with the cathode rod through the transformer, the voltmeter measures the output voltage, and the ammeter measures the output current.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The electrochemical polishing liquid contains nano abrasive grains, the nano abrasive grains comprise one or two or more of the following: nano diamond, cubic boron oxide, boron carbide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon oxide, gallium oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide, lithium fluoride, graphite and Al2O3. The acid electrochemical polishing liquid for processing titanium alloy material and stainless steel material includes phosphoric acid system, sulfuric acid system, perchloric acid system, phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid system and various additives, wherein the additives include corrosion inhibitor, leveling agent and brightener, the corrosion inhibitor is ethanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, acetic acid or oxalic acid, the leveling agent includes triethanolamine, urea or thiourea, and the brightener includes glucose, saccharin, starch or sucrose.

7. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method is implemented by a robotic controlled electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheopolishing manufacturing apparatus, wherein the apparatus comprises: The workpiece anode surface is dissolved and a passivation film is formed by electrochemical reaction, the nanometer abrasive in the electrochemical polishing liquid produces micro jet shear to remove the passivation film by the ultrasonic cavitation-shear combined effect, and then the electrochemical reaction is continued.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: 1) The robot automatically clamps the workpiece, places it on the limiting groove, aligns the workpiece inner flow channel discharge port with the limiting groove, and makes the cathode rod deep into the workpiece inner flow channel; 2) The workpiece reaches the set height by adjusting the lifting workbench, and the robot clamps the jig at the workpiece inner flow channel discharge port; 3) The electrochemical polishing liquid containing nanometer abrasive is added to the electrochemical polishing liquid tank, the hydraulic pump is started, and the electrochemical polishing liquid flows into the workpiece inner cavity along the infusion tube; 4) The power supply is started, the transformer is adjusted, the electrochemical reaction occurs on the inner surface of the workpiece, the workpiece anode surface is dissolved and a passivation film is formed; 5) The ultrasonic signal generator is started, the signal is transmitted by the ultrasonic signal transmission line, the ultrasonic wave is focused in the rotating polishing shaft through the ultrasonic transducer and the amplitude bar, and a large number of cavitation bubbles coated with nanometer abrasive are generated in the electrochemical polishing liquid; 6) Under the cavitation-shear combined effect of the ultrasonic wave, the cavitation bubble-shear combined mechanism in the electrochemical polishing liquid plays a thickening rheological effect, the nanometer abrasive produces micro jet shear to remove the passivation film, at this time the electrochemical polishing liquid continues to dissolve the fresh surface exposed, and the electrochemical dissolution of the anode workpiece and the shear removal of the passivation film by the nanometer abrasive are repeated, thereby realizing the robot-controlled electrochemical ultrasonic shear rheological polishing.

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