Ultra-precise four-axis grinding machine with double-V structure

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-precise four-axis grinding machine with a double-V structure. The ultra-precise four-axis grinding machine comprises an operation table, an electrical cabinet, a hydraulic system and a machine tool body. The machine tool body comprises a shock isolation system, an X-axis component, a Z-axis component, a main shaft component, a B-axis component and a grinding head shaft component. A linear motor pressing plate is installed in the middle of the guide rail, a linear motor stator is installed on the linear motor pressing plate, and roller chain plates are placed in concave V-shaped parts on the two sides of the guide rail; convex V shapes are arranged on the two sides of the slide carriage, the convex V shapes of the slide carriage correspond to the concave V shapes on the guide rails, and a linear motor coil is installed in the middle of the slide carriage; hard limiters are mounted on the left and right sides of the guide rail; the left and right sides of the guide rail are provided with protective leather cavities. According to the ultra-precision four-axis grinding machine with the double-V structure, the double-V guide rails are adopted, the structure is simple, the service life is longer, the maintenance and replacement cost is low, the rated load is high, and a certain torque can be borne.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ultra-precision grinding machine processing, in particular to an ultra-precision four-axis grinding machine with a double V structure. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, my country's ultra-precision machine tool technology field is still mainly achieved by imported machine tools. Although my country also has ultra-precision machine tools in this field, it is mainly realized by using hydraulic guide rails and mainly three-axis series grinders. The three-axis series grinders for lenses in many optical applications can no longer meet the needs. Only four-axis grinders with turntables can meet the grinding needs of processing technology. Most of the current ultra-precision machine tools use hydrostatic guide rails, which have a relatively complex structure. An oil supply system needs to be added, which has high requirements for oil temperature control. Changes in oil temperature have a great influence on the accuracy of the guide rails. The double V guide rail has a simple structure, a longer service life, low maintenance and replacement costs, a relatively high rated load, and can withstand a certain torque. It is better than hydrostatic guide rails, especially for use in the field of ultra-precision grinders. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a double V-structure ultra-precision four-axis grinding machine, comprising an operating table, an electrical cabinet, a hydraulic system and a machine tool body; the machine tool body comprises a seismic isolation system, an X-axis component, a Z-axis component, a spindle component, a B-axis component and a grinding head shaft component;

[0004] The X and Z axis components include guide rails, linear motor pressure plates, linear motor stators, roller chain plates, slide plates, linear motor coils, grating rulers, reading heads, zero return switch induction plates, zero return switch mounting plates, hard limiters, protective leather chambers, grating protective covers, brake pads, and brake mounting parts; the guide rails have concave V-shaped portions on both sides, a linear motor pressure plate is mounted in the middle of the guide rails, a linear motor stator (23) is mounted on the linear motor pressure plate, and roller chain plates are placed in the concave V-shaped portions on both sides of the guide rails; the slide plates have convex V-shaped portions on both sides, and the convex V-shaped portions of the slide plates correspond to the concave portions on the guide rails. The guide rail is placed in a V-shape, with a linear motor coil installed in the middle of the slide; a roller chain plate is installed between the convex V-shape of the slide and the concave V-shape of the guide rail; a grating ruler is installed on the left side of the slide, and the reading head is fixed on the left side of the guide rail; a zero return switch sensing plate is installed on the right side of the slide, and the zero return switch mounting plate is fixed on the right side of the guide rail; hard limits are installed on the left and right sides of the guide rail; protective leather cavities are installed on the left and right sides of the guide rail, and grating protective covers are installed on both sides of the slide; brake pads are installed on the grating protective covers, brake mounting parts are installed on the guide rail, and the brake is fixed on the brake mounting parts.

[0005] Preferably, the B-axis component includes a rotor mounting shaft, a motor rotor, a floating plate, a circular grating, a rotor mounting shaft, a liquid floating main shaft, a liquid floating upper cover, a liquid floating middle ring, a liquid floating turntable base, an oil chamber, and a motor stator; the motor rotor is assembled on the outer circle of the rotor mounting shaft, the floating plate is installed on the upper end, and the circular grating is installed on the lower end; the rotor mounting shaft is fixed at the center position of the floating plate, and is fixed to the liquid floating main shaft in the middle position; the liquid floating upper cover, the liquid floating middle ring, and the liquid floating turntable base are combined into a C-shaped structure; the motor stator is heat-mounted on the stator mounting sleeve, and the stator mounting sleeve is fixed to the liquid floating turntable base.

[0006] Preferably, the spindle components include a suction cup mounting seat, a suction cup, a circular grating, a spindle sleeve, a front end cover, a gap ring, a motor sleeve, a motor pressure cover, a rotary joint, and a motor; a suction cup is installed at the front end of the spindle, and the suction cup is installed on the suction cup mounting seat, and a rotor and a circular grating are installed at the rear end of the spindle; a long graphite shaft sleeve is installed in the spindle sleeve, and a front end cover is installed at the front end of the spindle sleeve; the front end cover is fixed to the front end surface of the spindle sleeve through a gap ring; a motor stator is installed in the motor sleeve, and the motor stator is fixed in the motor sleeve through a motor pressure cover, and the motor stator is fixed to the rear end surface of the spindle sleeve through the motor sleeve; the suction cup is installed on the front end surface of the spindle through the suction cup mounting seat.

[0007] Preferably, the grinding head shaft components include a high-speed electric spindle, a high-speed electric spindle sleeve, a gear grid, a reading head, a spindle seat, a three-dimensional slide, a high-speed electric spindle front end cover, a high-speed electric spindle motor, and a fixture; the high-speed electric spindle is covered with an annular high-speed electric spindle sleeve, the rear end of the high-speed electric spindle is equipped with a gear grid and a reading head, and the spindle seat is installed on the three-dimensional slide; a small-hole throttle is installed in the inner hole of the high-speed electric spindle sleeve, the front end of the high-speed electric spindle sleeve is equipped with a high-speed electric spindle front end cover, and the front end surface of the high-speed electric spindle sleeve and the front end cover of the high-speed electric spindle are both equipped with a small-hole throttle; the high-speed electric spindle motor is installed at the rear end of the high-speed electric spindle, and the fixture is installed at the front end of the high-speed electric spindle.

[0008] Preferably, the seismic isolation system includes an air-floating pad, an air-floating pad support frame, a granite support frame, a granite support member, and a granite platform. The fixed side of the air-floating pad is installed on the air-floating pad support frame, and the free side of the air-floating pad is fixed to the granite support frame. The granite support frame is fixed to the lower side of the granite platform through three granite support members.

[0009] Preferably, the operating table is arranged in front of the machine tool body, and the electrical cabinet is arranged behind the machine tool body.

[0010] The invention provides a double-V structure ultra-precision four-axis grinder, which adopts a double-V guide rail, has a simple structure, has a longer service life, has a low maintenance and replacement cost, has a relatively high rated load, and can bear a certain torque. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0012] Figure 1 It is an isometric drawing of the overall structure of the machine tool.

[0013] Figure 2 It is the front view of the X and Z axis components.

[0014] Figure 3 It is a top view of the X and Z axis components.

[0015] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 AA view of the .

[0016] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 CC view of the .

[0017] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a roller chain.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the protective leather cavity.

[0019] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 AA view of the .

[0020] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the B-axis component.

[0021] Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional view of the spindle assembly.

[0022] Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the grinding head shaft component.

[0023] Fig.12 It is a cross-sectional view of the grinding head shaft component.

[0024] Fig.13 It is an isometric diagram of a seismic isolation system.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Electrical cabinet, 2. Grinding head shaft, 3. B axis, 4. Spindle, 5. X axis, 6. Z axis, 7. Operating table, 8. Hydraulic system, 9. Cooling system, 10. Protective leather chamber, 11. Brake mounting parts, 12. Brake, 13. Brake pads, 14. Grating protective cover, 15. Zero return switch, 16. Roller chain plate, 17. Grating ruler, 18. Slide, 19. Guide rail, 20. Zero return switch mounting plate, 21. Zero return switch induction plate, 22. Linear motor pressure plate, 23. Linear motor stator, 24. Linear motor coil, 25. Reading head, 26. Oiler, 27. Hard limit, 28. Lower protective leather cavity, 29. Upper protective leather cavity, 30. Liquid floating middle ring, 31. Liquid floating cover, 32. Floating plate, 33. Liquid floating spindle, 34. Motor stator, 35. Motor rotor, 36. Rotor mounting shaft, 37 , liquid floating turntable base, 38, brake cylinder, 39, circular grating, 40, oil chamber, 41, rotary joint, 42, rotary joint adapter sleeve, 43, motor cover, 44, motor sleeve, 45, motor, 46, spindle bracket, 47, spindle sleeve, 48, gap ring, 49, front end cover, 50, suction cup, 51, suction cup mounting seat, 52, rotary joint bracket, 53, three-dimensional platform, 54, spindle seat, 55, high-speed electric spindle, 56, fixture, 57, high-speed electric spindle front end cover, 58, high-speed electric spindle sleeve, 59, cooling connector, 60, high-speed electric spindle motor, 61, high-speed electric spindle motor sleeve, 62, high-speed electric spindle motor cover, 63, lock nut, 64, gear grating, 66, granite platform, 67, granite support, 68, granite support frame, 69, air floating pad iron support frame, 70, air floating pad iron. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described below are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a double V-structure ultra-precision four-axis grinding machine, which is mainly composed of five parts: an operating table 7, an electrical cabinet 1, a software numerical control system, a hydraulic system 8 and a machine tool body.

[0028] Operating table: The independent operating table can be moved freely, which is convenient for operation in a suitable position. The operating table is equipped with a display screen, operating keyboard, integrated mouse and keyboard keyboard, and sliding drawers for placing simple tools, drawings and other sundries.

[0029] Electrical cabinet: The independent electrical cabinet can be moved in a small range, which is convenient for moving out of the maintenance space during maintenance. The electrical cabinet is divided into two independent parts. One part is installed with electrical components, system controller, axis drivers and other electrical components. The other part is installed with pneumatic components, air static pressure treatment system, air static pressure stabilization treatment system, spindle motor water cooling system and other components.

[0030] Hydraulic system: For the hydrostatic guide to have high precision and smooth operation, a stable hydraulic system is required to supply hydraulic lubricating oil. This system uses a servo motor to drive the hydraulic station, which makes the hydraulic station supply oil more stable and the speed fluctuation is small. A filter tank is also configured to effectively filter out the fluctuation of the hydraulic oil.

[0031] Machine tool body: The machine tool body consists of six major parts: the main body isolation system, X-axis components, Z-axis components, spindle components, B-axis components, and grinding head shaft components.

[0032] The main structure of the double V-guide ultra-precision single-point diamond lathe consists of the following parts:

[0033] (1) X and Z axis components

[0034] like Figure 2-8 As shown in the figure, this axis is the tool feed axis, which adopts over-positioning double V guide rails with an accuracy within 0.1μ, and is equipped with high-precision roller chain plates, linear motors, optical rulers, zero return switches, brakes and other components to form a closed-loop controlled nano-level linear axis with high precision, high stability and high rigidity.

[0035] There are concave V-shaped parts on both sides of the guide rail 19, a linear motor pressure plate 22 is installed in the middle of the guide rail 19, and a linear motor stator 23 is installed on the linear motor pressure plate 22. Roller chain plates 16 are placed in the concave V-shaped parts on both sides of the guide rail; there are convex V-shaped parts on both sides of the slide 18, and the convex V-shaped parts of the slide 18 are placed corresponding to the concave V-shaped parts on the guide rail 19, and a linear motor coil 24 is installed in the middle of the slide 18; a roller chain plate 16 is installed between the convex V-shaped part of the slide 18 and the concave V-shaped part of the guide rail, and when the slide 18 moves back and forth on the guide rail 19, the rollers arranged on the roller chain plate 16 follow and roll on the roller chain plate 16. Since the rollers follow and roll on the roller chain plate 16, the starting friction force generated when the slide 18 moves is very small; a grating ruler 17 is installed on the left side of the slide 18, and the matching reading The head 25 is fixed on the left side of the guide rail 19; a return to zero switch sensing plate 21 is installed on the right side of the slide 18, and a matching return to zero switch mounting plate 20 is fixed on the right side of the guide rail 19; hard limits 27 are installed on the left and right sides of the guide rail 19; protective leather cavities 10 are installed on the left and right sides of the guide rail 19, and grating protective covers 14 are installed on both sides of the slide 18; brake pads 13 are installed on the grating protective cover 14, the brake fixing plate is installed on the guide rail 19, and the brake 12 is fixed on the brake fixing plate; after the linear motor is energized, the linear motor coil 24 drives the slide 18 to move forward and backward, and the closed-loop control of the linear motor and the grating ruler 17 realizes high-precision control. The double V guide rail has a simple structure, a longer service life, low maintenance and replacement costs, a relatively high rated load, and can also bear a certain torque.

[0036] The normally closed brake can ensure that the linear axis is locked and protected when the power is off. The normally closed brake has an air-locking function, so that the brake can lock the brake pads to ensure that the linear axis remains in the current position only after the power is off. The vertical installation of the linear motor can greatly reduce the installation space and facilitate the convenience of mechanical assembly. The hard limit of the linear axis installation can prevent destructive damage to high-precision components such as the motor grating guide rail under harsh conditions such as collision and flying during use. The hard limit can ensure that the slide can only move within the safe range on the guide rail. As long as it does not overtravel, it can protect the motor, grating ruler and other original parts from damage; the linear axis is installed with a double-layer retractable protective leather cavity and the grating and zero return switch are designed with protective covers. During installation, sealant is used to seal the installation surface to ensure the cleanliness of the internal moving parts of the linear axis. Oilers 26 are installed at both ends of the linear axis to facilitate the automatic oil pump to lubricate the guide rail 19 to reduce the motion friction coefficient of the linear axis, increase the service life, remove tiny impurities on the guide rail surface, etc. to ensure the motion sensitivity and accuracy of the linear axis; the roller chain plate is a purchased part. The maximum stroke of the X-axis linear axis is 220mm, the straightness is 0.1μm, the displacement accuracy is 0.1μm, and the resolution is 1nm. The maximum stroke of the Z-axis linear axis is 150mm, the straightness is 0.1μm, the displacement accuracy is 0.1μm, and the resolution is 1nm.

[0037] (2) B-axis components

[0038] like Fig. 9 As shown, the B-axis component is an ultra-precision liquid-floating turntable. The servo turntable is a liquid hydrostatic guide support structure, torque motor drive, circular grating 39 full closed loop control, and has the function of brake locking and releasing after angle positioning. The servo turntable has the characteristics of high rotation accuracy, high rigidity, large load capacity, stable operation, wide applicable speed range, and long service life.

[0039] Hydraulic oil is introduced into the C-shaped structure of the ultra-precision liquid-floating servo turntable from the hydraulic station. The hydraulic oil flows out from the oil return hole of the liquid-floating turntable base 37 and returns to the hydraulic oil tank. At this time, the rotating parts of the ultra-precision liquid-floating turntable, such as the liquid-floating main shaft 33, the floating plate 32, and the rotor mounting shaft 36, are suspended and can maintain high-precision free rotation. The servo turntable is driven by a torque motor to rotate, and the servo turntable is fully closed-loop controlled through the feedback of the torque motor and the circular grating 39.

[0040] The outer circle of the rotor mounting shaft 36 is assembled with the motor rotor 35, the upper end is installed with the upper floating plate 32, and the lower end is installed with the circular grating 39. The rotor mounting shaft 36 is fixed at the center position of the upper floating plate 32, and is fixed to the liquid floating main shaft 33 at the middle position; the liquid floating upper cover 31, the liquid floating middle ring 30, and the liquid floating turntable base 37 are combined into a C-shaped structure. After the C-shaped structure oil cavity 40 is oiled, the liquid floating main shaft 33 is suspended axially and radially by oil pressure; the motor stator 34 is hot-mounted on the stator mounting sleeve, and the stator mounting sleeve is fixed to the liquid floating turntable base 37. After power is turned on and oil is passed, the parts such as the liquid floating main shaft 33, the upper floating plate 32, the rotor mounting shaft 36, and the circular grating 39 suspended under the motor drive can maintain high precision, high rigidity, and free rotation; the torque motor and the circular grating 39 are fully closed-loop controlled, which can provide high-precision positioning of the rotation angle; the turntable is equipped with a pneumatic brake, which is fixed on the liquid floating middle ring 30, and the brake is locked when the turntable is powered off.

[0041] (3) Spindle components.

[0042] like Fig.10As shown, this axis is an air static pressure spindle with a maximum speed of 3000rpm and a built-in motor 45. A suction cup mounting seat 51 and a suction cup 50 are installed at the front end of the spindle 4, and a rotor, a circular grating 39, and a dynamic balancing seat are installed at the rear end of the spindle 4; a graphite long shaft sleeve is installed in the spindle sleeve 47, and a front end cover 49 is installed at the front end of the spindle sleeve 47; the front end cover 49 is fixed to the front end surface of the spindle sleeve 47 through a gap ring 48; a motor stator is installed in the motor sleeve 44 and fixed in the motor sleeve 44 through a motor pressure cover 43, and the motor stator is fixed to the rear end surface of the spindle sleeve 47 through the motor sleeve 44, and a circular grating 39 is installed to have a C-axis function, wherein the suction cup 50 is installed on the front end surface of the spindle 4 through the suction cup mounting seat 51, and the precisely filtered compressed air passes through the vacuum generator and then enters the vacuum pipeline in the center of the spindle 4 through the rotary joint 41 to form a vacuum circuit, and the end surface of the spindle suction cup 50 can be conveniently installed with various tooling parts. A suction cup 50 is installed at the front end of the spindle 4, which can quickly install the workpiece, without limiting the clamping method, and has a wider range of applications. The suction cup 50 is installed on a suction cup mounting seat 51, and a dustproof mechanism is designed on the suction cup mounting seat 51, which can effectively filter out impurities in the air entering the spindle through the suction cup 50. The spindle rotation accuracy is 0.05μm, and the C-axis rotation positioning accuracy is 5″.

[0043] A graphite sleeve is installed in the inner hole of the main shaft sleeve 47, and a rear end cover, a gap ring 48 and a front end cover 49 are installed at the front end of the main shaft sleeve 47. After the main shaft is ventilated, an air film is formed on the surface of the graphite sleeve, the front end cover 49 and the rear end cover, and the main shaft is suspended in the formed air film and can rotate freely; a motor 45 is installed at the rear end of the main shaft, a circular grating is installed at the tail end, and a vacuum suction cup 51 mounting seat is installed at the front end of the main shaft, and a suction cup assembly is installed on the vacuum suction cup mounting seat 51. After the main shaft is ventilated, the motor 45 and the circular grating 39 are fully closed-loop controlled, which can provide a high-precision and high-positioning speed;

[0044] (4) Grinding head shaft parts

[0045] like Fig.11 , 12As shown, the high-speed electric spindle 55 adopts a high-speed servo electric spindle. The high-speed electric spindle 55 has multiple heating components. The heating components are all covered with an annular high-speed electric spindle sleeve 58. The multiple heating components are provided with corresponding annular cooling chambers. Each cooling chamber is connected to the main water inlet through a corresponding branch water inlet. The multiple branch water inlets and the multiple branch water outlets extend along the radial direction of the high-speed electric spindle, which can efficiently cool the heat of the high-speed electric spindle. The front end of the high-speed electric spindle 55 is designed with an air seal to prevent grinding impurities from entering the spindle during the grinding process. The rear end of the high-speed electric spindle 55 is equipped with a gear grating 64 and a reading head 25. The spindle can be controlled in a closed-loop state through a driver. The high-speed electric spindle 55 has a rotation speed of 40,000 rpm and a rotation accuracy of 0.1 μm. The speed difference in the high-speed state under closed-loop control can be controlled within 1 turn. The spindle seat 54 is installed under a high-rigidity three-dimensional slide 53. The three-dimensional slide 53 can adjust the center height of the high-speed electric spindle 55 and adjust the grinding head to the rotation center of the turntable.

[0046] A small hole throttle is installed in the inner hole of the high-speed electric spindle sleeve 58, and a high-speed electric spindle front end cover 57 is installed at the front end of the main high-speed electric spindle sleeve. The front end surface of the high-speed electric spindle sleeve 58 and the high-speed electric spindle front end cover 57 are both installed with a small hole throttle. After the spindle is ventilated, an air film is formed on the surface of the high-speed electric spindle sleeve 58, the high-speed electric spindle front end cover 57, and the front end surface of the high-speed electric spindle sleeve 58. The spindle is suspended in the formed air film and can rotate freely; a high-speed electric spindle motor 60 is installed at the rear end of the spindle, an encoder is installed at the tail end, and a fixture 56 is installed at the front end of the spindle. The fixture 56 can clamp grinding wheels of different specifications. After the spindle is ventilated, the high-speed electric spindle motor 60 and the circular grating are fully closed-loop controlled, which can provide a high-precision and high-positioning speed;

[0047] (5) Seismic isolation system

[0048] like Fig.13 As shown, the seismic isolation system is supported by six-dimensional air-floating pads 70. The fixed side of the air-floating pads 70 is installed on the air-floating pad support frame 69. The free side of the air-floating pads 70 is fixed to the granite support frame 68. The granite support frame 68 is floated by four air-floating pads 70. The granite support frame 68 is fixed to the lower side of the granite platform 66 by three granite support members 67. In this way, the granite platform 66 can be isolated from the six-dimensional vibration from the outside world through the six-dimensional air-floating pads 70, thereby ensuring the basic accuracy of the machine tool stability.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “top”, “bottom”, “side” and “end” are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0050] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "set", "provided with", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double V structure ultra-precision four-axis grinding machine, characterized in that: It comprises an operating table (7), an electrical cabinet (1), a hydraulic system (8) and a machine tool body; the machine tool body comprises a seismic isolation system, an X-axis component, a Z-axis component, a spindle component, a B-axis component and a grinding head shaft component; The X-axis and Z-axis components include a guide rail (19), a linear motor pressure plate (22), a linear motor stator (23), a roller chain plate (16), a slide plate (18), a linear motor coil (24), a grating ruler (17), a reading head (25), a zero return switch induction plate (21), a zero return switch mounting plate (20), a hard limit (27), a protective leather cavity (10), a grating protective cover (14), a brake pad (13) and a brake mounting member (11); the guide rail (19) has concave V-shaped portions on both sides, a linear motor pressure plate (22) is mounted in the middle of the guide rail (19), a linear motor stator (23) is mounted on the linear motor pressure plate (33), and roller chains (16) are placed in the concave V-shaped portions on both sides of the guide rail (19); the slide plate (18) has convex V-shaped portions on both sides, and the convex V-shaped portions of the slide plate (18) correspond to the concave V-shaped portions on the guide rail (19). The guide rail (19) is placed in a V-shape, and a linear motor coil (24) is installed in the middle of the slide (18); a roller chain plate (16) is installed between the convex V-shape of the slide (18) and the concave V-shape of the guide rail; a grating ruler (17) is installed on the left side of the slide (18), and a reading head (25) is fixed on the left side of the guide rail (19); a zero return switch induction plate (21) is installed on the right side of the slide (18), and a zero return switch mounting plate (20) is fixed on the right side of the guide rail (19); hard limit stops (27) are installed on the left and right sides of the guide rail (19); protective leather cavities (10) are installed on the left and right sides of the guide rail (19), and grating protective covers (14) are installed on both sides of the slide (18); brake pads (13) are installed on the grating protective cover (14), a brake mounting member (11) is installed on the guide rail (19), and a brake (12) is fixed on the brake mounting member (11).

2. The double V structure ultra-precision four-axis grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The B-axis component comprises a rotor mounting shaft (36), a motor rotor (35), a floating plate (32), a circular grating (39), a rotor mounting shaft (36), a liquid floating main shaft (33), a liquid floating upper cover (31), a liquid floating middle ring (30), a liquid floating turntable base (37), an oil chamber (40), and a motor stator (34); the outer circle of the rotor mounting shaft (36) is assembled with the motor rotor (35), the upper end is mounted with the floating plate (32), and the lower end is mounted with the circular grating (39); the center position of the floating plate (32) is fixed with the rotor mounting shaft (36), and the middle position is fixed with the liquid floating main shaft (33); the liquid floating upper cover (31), the liquid floating middle ring (30), and the liquid floating turntable base (37) are combined into a C-shaped structure; the motor stator (34) is heat-mounted on the stator mounting sleeve, and the stator mounting sleeve is fixed on the liquid floating turntable base (37).

3. The double V structure ultra-precision four-axis grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spindle component comprises a suction cup mounting seat (51), a suction cup (50), a circular grating (39), a spindle sleeve (47), a front end cover (49), a gap ring (48), a motor sleeve (44), a motor pressure cover (43), a rotary joint (41) and a motor (45); a suction cup (50) is mounted on the suction cup mounting seat (51) at the front end of the spindle (4), and a rotor and a circular grating (39) are mounted on the rear end of the spindle (4); a rotor (50) is mounted in the spindle sleeve (47). A graphite long shaft sleeve is provided, and a front end cover (49) is installed at the front end of the main shaft sleeve (47); the front end cover (49) is fixed to the front end surface of the main shaft sleeve (47) through a gap ring (48); a motor stator is installed in the motor sleeve (44), the motor stator is fixed in the motor sleeve (44) through a motor pressure cover (43), and the motor stator is fixed to the rear end surface of the main shaft sleeve (47) through the motor sleeve (44); the suction cup (50) is installed on the front end surface of the main shaft (4) through a suction cup mounting seat (51).

4. The double V structure ultra-precision four-axis grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding head shaft component comprises a high-speed electric spindle (55), a high-speed electric spindle sleeve (58), a tooth grid (64), a reading head (25), a spindle seat (54), a three-dimensional slide table (53), a high-speed electric spindle front end cover (57), a high-speed electric spindle motor (60), and a fixture (56); the high-speed electric spindle (55) is covered with an annular high-speed electric spindle sleeve (58), and the rear end of the high-speed electric spindle (55) is equipped with a tooth grid (64) and a reading head (25). The spindle seat (54) is installed on the three-dimensional slide (53); a small hole throttle is installed in the inner hole of the high-speed electric spindle sleeve (58), a high-speed electric spindle front cover (57) is installed at the front end of the high-speed electric spindle sleeve (58), and the front end surface of the high-speed electric spindle sleeve (58) and the high-speed electric spindle front cover (57) are both installed with a small hole throttle; a high-speed electric spindle motor (60) is installed at the rear end of the high-speed electric spindle (55), and a fixture (56) is installed at the front end of the high-speed electric spindle (55).

5. The double V structure ultra-precision four-axis grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seismic isolation system comprises an air-floating pad iron (70), an air-floating pad iron support frame (69), a granite support frame (68), a granite support member (67), and a granite platform (66). The fixed side of the air-floating pad iron (70) is installed on the air-floating pad iron support frame (69), the free side of the air-floating pad iron (70) is fixed to the granite support frame (68), and the granite support frame (68) is fixed to the lower side of the granite platform (66) through three granite support members (67).

6. The double V-structure ultra-precision four-axis grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating table (7) is arranged in front of the machine tool body, and the electrical cabinet (1) is arranged at the back of the machine tool body.

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