Preparation method of superhydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components

Abstract

The present invention relates to a preparation method of a superhydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components, comprising the following steps: (1) putting organosiloxane into a vacuum plasma treatment cleaning machine for plasma treatment; uniformly mixing the plasma-treated organosiloxane, acrylic monomer, and peroxide into an organic solvent, and reacting to obtain an organosilicon-modified acrylate; (2) uniformly dropping a silane coupling agent into a nano-SiO 2 dispersion liquid, and reacting to obtain a silane-modified nano-SiO 2 dispersion liquid; (3) successively adding the above-mentioned organosilicon-modified acrylate, silane-modified nano-SiO 2 dispersion liquid, antistatic agent, leveling and wetting agent, surfactant, and inorganic auxiliary agent into an organic solvent and stirring, and performing solvent replacement to obtain a superhydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components. The superhydrophilic antifouling coating prepared by the present invention has better adhesion compared with the traditional standard component antifouling coating, and solves the problem that the traditional nano-coating cannot adhere to the front plate of the lightweight component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of lightweight components, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a super-hydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components. Background Art

[0002] Due to the advantage of their own weight, lightweight components have been widely used in scenarios such as industrial and commercial roofs, solar RV power generation, balcony photovoltaics, agricultural photovoltaics, etc. where various glass components are too heavy and cannot bear the load.

[0003] Lightweight components, like traditional glass components, are mostly used in unprotected outdoor scenes. Various types of dust such as dust, dirt, and water vapor in nature will accumulate on the surface of the components for a long time, causing the surface to accumulate dust and become rough, greatly affecting the light transmittance of the components, thereby affecting the power generation, and even forming a hot spot effect, reducing the service life of the components. In addition, the accumulated dust will also cause the annual cleaning cost of the components to rise sharply, increasing the cost of the components in disguise. At present, some targeted measures have been developed for glass components on the market. Chinese patent application CN202211170066.6 has applied for the preparation of a self-cleaning, dust-free nano-coating with excellent antistatic properties, which can achieve the advantages of dust-free, reducing the frequency of cleaning, and increasing power generation. Chinese patent application CN202211654350.0 has applied for the preparation of an anti-reflection and anti-transmittance coating liquid, which is applied to the surface of photovoltaic glass to reduce reflection, increase light transmittance, and has a certain anti-fouling effect.

[0004] Although a variety of nano-coating technologies have been developed on the market to improve this problem for traditional glass components, nano-silicon coatings can only be applied to inorganic-inorganic (SiO 2 ) materials have bonding strength, while the organic substrate surface of the fluorine film or glass fiber board of the front panel of lightweight components has no bonding strength.

[0005] Therefore, how to prepare a super-hydrophilic antifouling coating that can be combined with a lightweight component front plate is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a super hydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components, which has better adhesion than traditional standard component antifouling coatings and solves the problem that traditional nano coatings cannot adhere to the front plate of lightweight components.

[0007] The present invention provides a method for preparing a super hydrophilic antifouling coating for a lightweight component, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Put the organosiloxane into a vacuum plasma treatment cleaning machine for plasma treatment; uniformly mix the above-mentioned plasma-treated organosiloxane, acrylic monomer, and peroxide into an organic solvent, and react to obtain an organosilicon-modified acrylate;

[0009] (2) Slowly and evenly drip the silane coupling agent into the nano-SiO 2 dispersion liquid, and react to obtain a silane-modified nano-SiO 2 dispersion liquid;

[0010] (3) Add the above-mentioned organosilicon-modified acrylate, silane-modified nano-SiO 2 dispersion liquid, antistatic agent, leveling and wetting agent, surfactant, and inorganic auxiliary agent into an organic solvent in sequence and stir, and replace the solvent with a mixed solvent to obtain a superhydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components.

[0011] Preferably, the organosiloxane in the step (1) is one or more of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDS).

[0012] Preferably, the process parameters of the plasma treatment in the step (1) are: the medium is an inert gas, the power is 10W - 650W, the gas flow rate is 20cm 3 -200cm 3 , and the treatment time is 10s - 500s.

[0013] Preferably, the inert gas is one or several of helium (He), neon (Ne), and argon (Ar).

[0014] Preferably, the acrylic monomer in the step (1) is one or more of butyl acrylate (BA), methyl butyl acrylate (MBA), acrylic acid (AA), isobornyl acrylate (IBOA), isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA), and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA).

[0015] Preferably, the peroxide in the step (1) is one or more of benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, 1,3-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and acetylacetone peroxide.

[0016] Preferably, the mass percentage of the plasma-treated organosiloxane in the step (1) is 50wt% - 65wt%, the mass percentage of the acrylic monomer is 33wt% - 48wt%, and the mass percentage of the peroxide is 0.5wt% - 3wt%, based on the total mass of the organosilicon-modified acrylate reaction raw materials being 100wt%.

[0017] Preferably, the reaction temperature in step (1) is 60°C - 100°C.

[0018] Preferably, the silane coupling agent in step (2) is one or more of KH-550, KH-792, KH-602, A-143, A-1310, KH-560.

[0019] Preferably, the nano-SiO 2 dispersion is prepared by the sol-gel method, and the particle size is 10 nm - 30 nm.

[0020] Preferably, the mass percentage of the silane coupling agent in the nano-SiO 2 dispersion is 1 wt% - 3 wt%.

[0021] Preferably, the reaction temperature in step (2) is 150°C - 200°C.

[0022] Preferably, the antistatic agent in step (3) is one or more of KOELIQ TM IL-P14, IL-AP8, IL-OH9, Irgastat p18-FCA, 3M FC 4400.

[0023] Preferably, the leveling and wetting agent in step (3) is one or more of AFCONA 3590, AFCONA 3779, AFCONA 3280, AFCONA 3580, BYK 333, BYK 222SN, BYK 9076, TEGO 2100, TEGO 4100.

[0024] Preferably, the surfactant in step (3) is one or more of tallow amine polyoxyethylene ether, ethoxylated coconut alkyl amine, DOWFAX TM 20A612, AEO-9, AP 470Z, SAFOL EN 90.

[0025] Preferably, the inorganic auxiliary in step (3) is one or more of CAB-O-SIL LM-150, CAB-O-SIL EH-5, CAB-O-SIL M5, AEROSIL 200, AEROSIL 300, AEROSIL 380F, AEROSIL R202.

[0026] Preferably, the mass percentage of the organosilicon-modified acrylate in step (3) is 10 wt% - 27 wt%, and the silane-modified nano-SiO 2The mass percentage of the dispersion liquid is 70wt%-88wt%, the mass percentage of the antistatic agent is 0.5wt%-3wt%, the mass percentage of the leveling and wetting agent is 0.3wt%-1wt%, the mass percentage of the surfactant is 0.5wt%-3wt%, and the mass percentage of the inorganic auxiliary agent is 0.5wt%-3wt%, based on the total mass of the reaction raw materials of the super-hydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components being 100wt%.

[0027] Preferably, the organic solvent in the steps (1) and (3) is tetrahydrofuran.

[0028] Preferably, the mixed solvent in the step (3) is a mixture of anhydrous ethanol / isopropanol / propylene glycol methyl ether / propylene glycol butyl ether / water in any proportion.

[0029] Preferably, the solid content of the super-hydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components obtained in the step (3) is 5wt%-10wt%, based on the total mass of the super-hydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components being 100wt%.

[0030] The present invention also provides a lightweight antifouling photovoltaic module, and the super-hydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components is coated on the surface of the front panel of the lightweight component and then cured to obtain the lightweight antifouling photovoltaic module.

[0031] Preferably, the coating method of the coating is one or more of roller coating, curtain coating, electrostatic spraying, and knife coating; the curing temperature is 60-100°C, and the curing time is 5-15 min.

[0032] Preferably, the lightweight antifouling photovoltaic module includes a front panel of the lightweight component coated with the coating, a glue film, a battery cell, a glue film, and a back plate arranged in sequence.

[0033] Beneficial effects

[0034] (1) The super-hydrophilic antifouling coating prepared by the present invention has better adhesion compared with the antifouling coating of traditional standard modules, and solves the problem that the traditional nano-coating cannot adhere to the front panel of the lightweight component.

[0035] (2) By synthesizing a super-hydrophilic and antistatic multi-hydroxyl coating structure, the coating of the present invention can be completely spread on the surface layer of the front panel of the lightweight component, isolating the component from pollutants, and at the same time, the excellent antistatic property can further reduce the accumulation of dust.

[0036] (3) The organosilicon-modified acrylate synthesized in the coating structure of the present invention endows the coating with excellent weather resistance and coating adhesion. Compared with the traditional nano-coating that fails and needs to be recoated in less than half a year, the coating of the present invention can last longer. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] Put 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (MPS) into a vacuum plasma treatment cleaning machine. The medium of the cleaning machine is argon (Ar), and the MPS is treated at a power of 300 W, a gas flow rate of 100 cm 3 and a time of 100 s.

[0040] The plasma-treated MPS (50 wt%), isobornyl acrylate (IBOA) (15 wt%), isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA) (15 wt%), butyl acrylate (BA) (18 wt%), and benzoyl peroxide (2 wt%) are uniformly mixed into tetrahydrofuran (THF), and reacted at 60 °C. After precipitation of the solvent, an organosilicon-modified acrylate is obtained.

[0041] The silane coupling agent KH-602 (the mass percentage of the silane coupling agent KH-602 in the nano-SiO 2 dispersion is 1 wt%) is uniformly dropped into the nano-SiO 2 (particle size 10 nm) dispersion, and reacted at 150 °C for 30 min to obtain a silane-modified nano-SiO 2 dispersion.

[0042] The organosilicon-modified acrylate (27 wt%), the silane-modified nano-SiO 2 dispersion (70 wt%), the antistatic agent IL-AP8 (1.5 wt%), the leveling and wetting agent AFCONA 3590 (0.5 wt%), the surfactant tallow amine polyoxyethylene ether (0.5 wt%), and the inorganic auxiliary CAB-O-SIL LM-150 (0.5 wt%) are slowly added to THF in sequence, and continuously stirred at a high speed of 1500 revolutions per minute. The THF is replaced with a mixed solvent of absolute ethanol: isopropyl alcohol: propylene glycol monomethyl ether: propylene glycol monobutyl ether: water with a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2:2 to obtain a super-hydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components (solid content 5 wt%).

[0043] The coating is applied to the surface of the lightweight component by electrostatic spraying. After curing at a temperature of 60 °C for 5 min, a lightweight antifouling photovoltaic module is obtained.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] Put 3 - (Trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (MPS) into a vacuum plasma treatment cleaning machine. The medium of the cleaning machine is argon (Ar), and MPS is treated under a power of 300 w, a gas flow rate of 100 cm 3 and a time of 100 s.

[0046] The plasma - treated MPS (60 wt%), isobornyl acrylate (IBOA) (15 wt%), isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA) (15 wt%), butyl acrylate (BA) (9.5 wt%), benzoyl peroxide (0.5 wt%) are uniformly mixed into tetrahydrofuran (THF), and reacted at 60 °C. After precipitating the solvent, organosilicon - modified acrylate is obtained.

[0047] The silane coupling agent KH - 602 (the mass percentage of the silane coupling agent KH - 602 in the nano - SiO 2 dispersion is 1 wt%) is uniformly dropped into the nano - SiO 2 (with a particle size of 10 nm) dispersion, and reacted at 150 °C for 30 min to obtain a silane - modified nano - SiO 2 dispersion.

[0048] The organosilicon - modified acrylate (27 wt%), the silane - modified nano - SiO 2 dispersion (70 wt%), antistatic agent IL - AP8 (1.5 wt%), leveling and wetting agent AFCONA 3590 (0.5 wt%), surfactant tallow amine polyoxyethylene ether (0.5 wt%), inorganic additive CAB - O - SIL LM - 150 (0.5 wt%) are slowly added to THF in sequence, and continuously stirred at a high speed of 1500 revolutions per minute. The THF is replaced with a mixed solvent of absolute ethanol: isopropanol: propylene glycol methyl ether: propylene glycol butyl ether: water with a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2:2 to obtain a super - hydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components (solid content 5 wt%).

[0049] The coating is applied to the surface of the lightweight component by electrostatic spraying. After curing at a temperature of 60 °C for 5 min, a lightweight antifouling photovoltaic component is obtained.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] Put 3 - (Trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (MPS) into a vacuum plasma treatment cleaning machine. The medium of the cleaning machine is argon (Ar), and MPS is treated under a power of 300 w, a gas flow rate of 100 cm 3 and a time of 100 s.

[0052] The plasma-treated MPS (65 wt%), isobornyl acrylate (IBOA) (10 wt%), isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA) (10 wt%), butyl acrylate (BA) (14.5 wt%), and benzoyl peroxide (0.5 wt%) were uniformly mixed into tetrahydrofuran (THF), reacted at 60 °C, and the solvent was precipitated to obtain organosilicon-modified acrylate.

[0053] The silane coupling agent KH-602 (the mass percentage of the silane coupling agent KH-602 in the nano-SiO 2 dispersion was 1 wt%) was uniformly dropped into the nano-SiO 2 (particle size 10 nm) dispersion, reacted at 150 °C for 30 min to obtain a silane-modified nano-SiO 2 dispersion.

[0054] The organosilicon-modified acrylate (27 wt%), the silane-modified nano-SiO 2 dispersion (70 wt%), the antistatic agent IL-AP8 (1.5 wt%), the leveling and wetting agent AFCONA 3590 (0.5 wt%), the surfactant tallow amine polyoxyethylene ether (0.5 wt%), and the inorganic auxiliary CAB-O-SIL LM-150 (0.5 wt%) were sequentially and slowly added to THF, and continuously stirred at a high speed of 1500 revolutions per minute. The THF was replaced with a mixed solvent of anhydrous ethanol: isopropyl alcohol: propylene glycol methyl ether: propylene glycol butyl ether: water with a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2:2 to obtain a superhydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components (solid content 5 wt%).

[0055] The coating was applied to the surface of the lightweight component by electrostatic spraying, cured at a temperature of 60 °C for 5 min to obtain a lightweight antifouling photovoltaic component.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] Except that the organosiloxane MPS was replaced with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), the remaining steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0058] Example 5

[0059] Except that the organosiloxane MPS was replaced with hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDS), the remaining steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0060] Example 6

[0061] Except that the acrylic monomers were replaced with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) (15 wt%), butyl methacrylate (MBA) (15 wt%), and isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA) (18 wt%), the remaining steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0062] Example 7

[0063] Except that the acrylic monomer was replaced with acrylic acid (AA) (15 wt%), butyl acrylate (BA) (15 wt%), and isobornyl acrylate (IBOA) (18 wt%), the remaining steps were the same as those in Example 1.

[0064] Example 8

[0065] Except that the SiO 2 particle size was replaced with 20 nm, the remaining steps were the same as those in Example 1.

[0066] Example 9

[0067] The first three steps were the same as those in Example 1.

[0068] Organosilicon-modified acrylate (17 wt%), silane-modified nano-SiO 2 dispersion (80 wt%), antistatic agent IL-AP8 (1.5 wt%), leveling and wetting agent AFCONA 3590 (0.5 wt%), surfactant tallow amine polyoxyethylene ether (0.5 wt%), and inorganic auxiliary CAB-O-SIL LM-150 (0.5 wt%) were slowly added to THF in sequence, and continuously stirred at a high speed of 1500 revolutions per minute. THF was replaced with a mixed solvent of absolute ethanol:isopropanol:propylene glycol methyl ether:propylene glycol butyl ether:water with a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2:2 by the solvent replacement method to obtain a superhydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components (solid content 5 wt%).

[0069] The coating was applied to the surface of the lightweight component by electrostatic spraying. After curing at a temperature of 60 °C for 5 minutes, a lightweight antifouling photovoltaic component was obtained.

[0070] Example 10

[0071] The first three steps were the same as those in Example 1.

[0072] Organosilicon-modified acrylate (10 wt%), silane-modified nano-SiO 2 dispersion (88 wt%), antistatic agent IL-AP8 (0.5 wt%), leveling and wetting agent AFCONA 3590 (0.5 wt%), surfactant tallow amine polyoxyethylene ether (0.5 wt%), and inorganic auxiliary CAB-O-SIL LM-150 (0.5 wt%) were slowly added to THF in sequence, and continuously stirred at a high speed of 1500 revolutions per minute. THF was replaced with a mixed solvent of absolute ethanol:isopropanol:propylene glycol methyl ether:propylene glycol butyl ether:water with a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2:2 by the solvent replacement method to obtain a superhydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components (solid content 5 wt%).

[0073] The coating is applied to the surface of the lightweight component by electrostatic spraying, and after curing at a temperature of 60 °C for 5 minutes, a lightweight anti-fouling photovoltaic component is obtained.

[0074] Example 11

[0075] The first three steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0076] Silicone-modified acrylate (25 wt%), modified nano-SiO 2 Dispersion liquid (70 wt%), antistatic agent IL-AP8 (1.5 wt%), leveling and wetting agent AFCONA 3590 (0.5 wt%), surfactant tallow amine polyoxyethylene ether (0.5 wt%), inorganic auxiliary agent CAB-O-SIL LM-150 (2.5 wt%) are slowly added to THF in sequence, and continuously stirred at a high speed of 1500 revolutions per minute. THF is replaced with a mixed solvent of absolute ethanol: isopropanol: propylene glycol methyl ether: propylene glycol butyl ether: water with a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2:2 by the solvent replacement method to obtain a super-hydrophilic anti-fouling coating for lightweight components (solid content 5 wt%).

[0077] The coating is applied to the surface of the lightweight component by electrostatic spraying, and after curing at a temperature of 60 °C for 5 minutes, a lightweight anti-fouling photovoltaic component is obtained.

[0078] Example 12

[0079] Except that the antistatic agent is replaced with Irgastat p18-FCA, the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0080] Example 13

[0081] Except that the leveling and wetting agent is replaced with BYK 222SN, the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0082] Example 14

[0083] Except that the surfactant is replaced with DOWFAX TM 20A612, the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0084] Example 15

[0085] Except that the inorganic auxiliary agent is replaced with AEROSIL 300, the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0086] Example 16

[0087] Except that the ratio of the mixed solvent is replaced with absolute ethanol: isopropanol: propylene glycol methyl ether: propylene glycol butyl ether: water with a mass ratio of 1:2:3:1:1, the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0088] Comparative Example 1

[0089] Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) (50 wt%), isobornyl acrylate (IBOA) (15 wt%), isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA) (15 wt%), butyl acrylate (BA) (18 wt%), and benzoyl peroxide (2 wt%) were uniformly mixed into tetrahydrofuran (THF), reacted at 60 °C, and the solvent was precipitated to obtain organosilicon-modified acrylate.

[0090] The silane coupling agent KH-602 (the mass percentage of the silane coupling agent KH-602 in the nano-SiO 2 dispersion was 1 wt%) was uniformly dropped into the nano-SiO 2 (particle size 10 nm) dispersion, reacted at 150 °C for 30 min to obtain a silane-modified nano-SiO 2 dispersion.

[0091] Organosilicon-modified acrylate (27 wt%), modified nano-SiO 2 dispersion (70 wt%), antistatic agent IL-AP8 (2.5 wt%), and leveling and wetting agent AFCONA 3590 (0.5 wt%) were sequentially and slowly added to THF, and continuously stirred at a high speed of 1500 revolutions per minute. THF was replaced with a mixed solvent of absolute ethanol: isopropanol: propylene glycol methyl ether: propylene glycol butyl ether: water with a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2:2 by the solvent replacement method to obtain an antifouling coating for lightweight components (solid content 5 wt%).

[0092] The coating was applied to the surface of the lightweight component by electrostatic spraying, cured at 60 °C for 5 min, and a lightweight antifouling photovoltaic component was obtained.

[0093] Comparative Example 2

[0094] Silane-modified nano-SiO 2 dispersion (97 wt%), antistatic agent IL-AP8 (2.5 wt%), and leveling and wetting agent AFCONA 3590 (0.5 wt%) were sequentially and slowly added to THF, and continuously stirred at a high speed of 1500 revolutions per minute. THF was replaced with a mixed solvent of absolute ethanol: isopropanol: propylene glycol methyl ether: propylene glycol butyl ether: water with a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2:2 by the solvent replacement method to obtain a superhydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components (solid content 5 wt%).

[0095] The coating was applied to the surface of the lightweight component by electrostatic spraying, cured at 60 °C for 5 min, and a lightweight fouling photovoltaic component was obtained.

[0096] Comparative Example 3

[0097] Put 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (MPS) into a vacuum plasma treatment cleaning machine. The medium of the cleaning machine is argon (Ar), and MPS is treated at a power of 300 w, a gas flow rate of 100 cm 3 , and a time of 100 s.

[0098] The plasma-treated MPS (50 wt%), isobornyl acrylate (IBOA) (15 wt%), isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA) (15 wt%), butyl acrylate (BA) (18 wt%), and benzoyl peroxide (2 wt%) are uniformly mixed into tetrahydrofuran (THF), and reacted at 60 °C. After precipitating the solvent, organosilicon-modified acrylate is obtained.

[0099] The silane coupling agent KH-602 (the mass percentage of the silane coupling agent KH-602 in the nano-SiO 2 dispersion is 1 wt%) is uniformly dropped into the nano-SiO 2 (particle size 10 nm) dispersion, and reacted at 150 °C for 30 min to obtain a silane-modified nano-SiO 2 dispersion.

[0100] The organosilicon-modified acrylate (27 wt%), the modified nano-SiO 2 dispersion (70 wt%), the leveling and wetting agent AFCONA 3590 (1 wt%), the surfactant tallow amine polyoxyethylene ether (1 wt%), and the inorganic auxiliary CAB-O-SIL LM-150 (1 wt%) are slowly added to THF in sequence, and continuously stirred at a high speed of 1500 revolutions per minute. The THF is replaced with a mixed solvent of anhydrous ethanol: isopropanol: propylene glycol methyl ether: propylene glycol butyl ether: water with a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2:2 to obtain a super-hydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components (solid content 5 wt%).

[0101] The coating is applied to the surface of the lightweight component by electrostatic spraying. After curing at a temperature of 60 °C for 5 min, a lightweight antifouling photovoltaic component is obtained.

[0102] Comparative Example 4

[0103] The first three steps are the same as those in Comparative Example 3.

[0104] The organosilicon-modified acrylate (27 wt%), the modified nano-SiO 2The dispersion liquid (70 wt%), antistatic agent IL-AP8 (1.5 wt%), leveling and wetting agent AFCONA 3590 (1 wt%), and inorganic auxiliary agent CAB-O-SIL LM-150 (0.5 wt%) were slowly added to THF in sequence, and continuously stirred at a high speed of 1500 revolutions per minute. THF was replaced with a mixed solvent of absolute ethanol: isopropanol: propylene glycol methyl ether: propylene glycol butyl ether: water with a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2:2 by the solvent replacement method to obtain a superhydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components (solid content 5 wt%).

[0105] The coating was applied to the surface of the lightweight component by electrostatic spraying. After curing at a temperature of 60 °C for 5 minutes, a lightweight antifouling photovoltaic component was obtained.

[0106] Comparative Example 5

[0107] The first three steps were the same as those in Comparative Example 3.

[0108] Organosilicon-modified acrylate (27 wt%), modified nano-SiO 2 The dispersion liquid (70 wt%), antistatic agent IL-AP8 (1.5 wt%), leveling and wetting agent AFCONA 3590 (1 wt%), and surfactant tallow amine polyoxyethylene ether (0.5 wt%) were slowly added to THF in sequence, and continuously stirred at a high speed of 1500 revolutions per minute. THF was replaced with a mixed solvent of absolute ethanol: isopropanol: propylene glycol methyl ether: propylene glycol butyl ether: water with a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2:2 by the solvent replacement method to obtain a superhydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components (solid content 5 wt%).

[0109] The coating was applied to the surface of the lightweight component by electrostatic spraying. After curing at a temperature of 60 °C for 5 minutes, a lightweight antifouling photovoltaic component was obtained.

[0110] Comparative Example 6

[0111] The commercial antifouling coating selected was from Guangzhou Xisenmeike, grade: YCP0051KT, an anti-reflection, anti-glare, hydrophobic and oleophobic coating.

[0112] The performance test methods for the antifouling coatings of the examples and comparative examples after being applied to the front panel of the lightweight component are as follows:

[0113] Contact angle: GB / T30693-2014;

[0114] Yellowing value: GB / T 39822-2021;

[0115] Component power: IEC 61215-2-2021;

[0116] Coating adhesion: GB / T 9286-1998; The evaluation criteria of 0-5 levels can be found in this test standard;

[0117] Coating abrasion-resistant pencil hardness: GB / T 6739-2022; the evaluation criteria for levels 0-5 can be found in this test standard. Here, the pencil hardness is used to detect the level of coating hardness resistance to slip damage. Replace abrasion resistance with coating abrasion-resistant pencil hardness;

[0118] Among them, DH refers to the aging test hours of the component under the conditions of 85°C and 85% ambient humidity. DH1000 is 1000 hours.

[0119] The performance test results are shown in Tables 1-4.

[0120] Table 1 Test Results of Lightweight Anti-Fouling Photovoltaic Modules

[0121]

[0122]

[0123] Table 2 Test Results of Lightweight Anti-Fouling Photovoltaic Modules

[0124]

[0125]

[0126] Table 3 Test Results of Lightweight Anti-Fouling Photovoltaic Modules

[0127]

[0128]

[0129] Table 4 Test Results of Lightweight Anti-Fouling Photovoltaic Modules

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] As can be seen from Tables 1-4 above, the superhydrophilic anti-fouling coatings and lightweight anti-fouling modules prepared in Examples 1-16 have obvious adhesion and abrasion resistance. After aging, the module gain has no obvious attenuation, the yellowing becomes smaller, and the weather resistance is excellent. In Comparative Example 1, untreated organosiloxane was used, resulting in a poor hydrophilicity and different synthetic structures, and the module gain became worse. In Comparative Example 2, only modified nano-SiO 2 was used to disperse and prepare the coating, and the adhesion was poor. After aging, the coating completely fell off. In Comparative Example 3, no antistatic agent was added, and the power gain of the module became worse after aging, indicating that the surface pollution of the module was aggravated. In Comparative Example 4, no surfactant was added, and the hydrophilicity and dispersibility after aging became worse, and the module gain became worse. In Comparative Example 5, no inorganic additives were added, and the thixotropy and strength of the coating became worse, and the power gain of the module became worse after aging. In Comparative Example 6, a traditional glass coating was used, and there was basically no adhesion when coated on the front plate of the lightweight module.

[0133] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, in any aspect, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present invention.

[0134] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative manner of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a super hydrophilic antifouling coating for a lightweight component, comprising the following steps: (1) placing the organosiloxane in a vacuum plasma treatment cleaning machine for plasma treatment; uniformly mixing the plasma-treated organosiloxane, acrylic monomer, and peroxide into an organic solvent to react to obtain organosilicon-modified acrylate; wherein: The mass percentage of the plasma-treated organosiloxane is 50wt%-65wt%, the mass percentage of the acrylic monomer is 33wt%-48wt%, and the mass percentage of the peroxide is 0.5wt%-3wt%, based on the total mass of the organosilicon-modified acrylate reaction raw materials as 100wt%; the organosiloxane is one or more of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, polydimethylsiloxane, and hexamethyldisiloxane; the acrylic monomer is one or more of butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, isobornyl acrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, and hydroxyethyl methacrylate; (2) uniformly dropping the silane coupling agent into the nano-SiO2 dispersion to react and obtain a silane-modified nano-SiO2 dispersion; (3) The above-mentioned organosilicon-modified acrylate, silane-modified nano-SiO2 dispersion, antistatic agent, leveling wetting agent, surfactant, and inorganic additive are sequentially added to an organic solvent and stirred, and the organic solvent is replaced with a mixed solvent by a solvent replacement method to obtain a super hydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components; wherein the mass percentage of the organosilicon-modified acrylate is 10wt%-27wt%, the mass percentage of the silane-modified nano-SiO2 dispersion is 70wt%-88wt%, the mass percentage of the antistatic agent is 0.5wt%-3wt%, the mass percentage of the leveling wetting agent is 0.3wt%-1wt%, the mass percentage of the surfactant is 0.5wt%-3wt%, and the mass percentage of the inorganic additive is 0.5wt%-3wt%, based on the total mass of the raw materials of the super hydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components being 100wt%; the antistatic agent is KOELIQ TM One or more of IL-P14, IL-AP8, IL-OH9, Irgastatp18-FCA, 3M FC 4400; the surfactant is tallow amine polyoxyethylene ether, ethoxylated coconut oil alkylamine, DOWFAX TM 20A612, AEO-9, AP 470Z, SAFOL EN 90; the inorganic additive is one or more of CAB-O-SIL LM-150, CAB-O-SIL EH-5, CAB-O-SIL M5, AEROSIL 200, AEROSIL 300, AEROSIL380F.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process parameters of the plasma treatment in step (1) are: the medium is an inert gas, the generating power is 10W-650W, and the gas flow rate is 20cm 3 -200cm 3 , processing time 10s-500s.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The peroxide in step (1) is one or more of dibenzoyl peroxide, dilauroyl peroxide, 1,3-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and acetylacetone peroxide.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass percentage of the silane coupling agent in the nano-SiO2 dispersion in step (2) is 1wt%-3wt%.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leveling wetting agent in step (3) is one or more of AFCONA3590, AFCONA 3779, AFCONA 3280, AFCONA 3580, BYK 333, BYK 9076, TEGO 2100, and TEGO 4100.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic solvent in steps (1) and (3) is tetrahydrofuran.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid content of the super hydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components obtained in step (3) is 5wt%-10wt%, based on the total mass of the super hydrophilic antifouling coating for lightweight components being 100wt%.

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