A highway tunnel construction period automatic monitoring and measurement system and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and specifically discloses an automated monitoring and measuring system and method for a highway tunnel construction period, comprising the following steps: setting a monitoring tangent for a highway tunnel, setting a displacement monitoring point on the inner side of a tunnel wall of each monitoring tangent, monitoring the monitoring tangent, obtaining the displacement value of the displacement monitoring point in the monitoring tangent within the nth interval time t, calculating and obtaining the total displacement value of the displacement monitoring point in the monitoring tangent within the monitoring time; and comparing it with a displacement value threshold; obtaining a displacement excess signal; calculating and obtaining a displacement rate influence performance value of the displacement monitoring point in the monitoring tangent within the monitoring time; further obtaining a support structure abnormality ratio and comparing it with a support structure abnormality threshold to obtain a point support reinforcement signal or a line support reinforcement signal, and selecting different support reinforcement methods based on the support structure abnormality ratio to ensure that the construction of the tunnel wall can meet the safety standard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to an automatic monitoring and measuring system and method during the construction period of a highway tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Monitoring and measurement during the construction period of highway tunnels is an important means to achieve dynamic construction and ensure construction safety. Traditional monitoring and measurement mainly uses manual operation of special instruments for measurement. The measurement results need to be manually recorded or stored in the equipment data card. After the on-site measurement work is completed, the on-site measurement data is analyzed and processed indoors.

[0003] In the process of data analysis and processing, the labor cost is high and the efficiency is low. In the process of construction measurement and calculation, the error is large and the accuracy is low. In the measurement and calculation process of some data, there may be subjective factors, which will affect the safety and stability of tunnel construction. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an automated monitoring and measuring system and method for highway tunnel construction to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An automated monitoring and measurement method for a highway tunnel during construction, comprising the following steps:

[0007] For the tunnel wall that has been excavated during the construction period of the highway tunnel, monitoring tangents are set at intervals of unit radial length r, and each monitoring tangent is marked as i, where i is 1, 2, 3...;

[0008] Set j displacement monitoring points on the inner side of the tunnel wall of each monitoring tangent, and record each monitoring point as (i, j), where j is 1, 2, 3, ...;

[0009] The displacement of the monitoring tangent is monitored, and the monitoring time is recorded as T (i，j) , the monitoring interval is t; and each monitoring time is recorded as n, where n is 1, 2, 3...;

[0010] Get the displacement value of the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i within the nth interval time t, recorded as WY (i，j，n) ;

[0011] Calculate the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) Total displacement value WYD (i，j) ; and with the displacement value threshold WYD n Make a comparison; obtain an excess displacement signal;

[0012] Based on the displacement excess signal, calculate and obtain the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) The displacement rate within affects the performance value Q (i，j) ;

[0013] Based on the displacement rate affecting the performance value Q (i，j) Calculate the support structure abnormality ratio ZH of the monitoring tangent line i i And compare it with the support structure abnormal threshold ZHzy to obtain the point support reinforcement signal or line support reinforcement signal.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i is monitored for a monitoring time T (i，j) Total displacement value WYD (i，j) The calculation method is: WYD (i，j) =∑WY (i，j，n) .

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the total displacement value WYD (i，j) and displacement value threshold WYD n Make comparisons;

[0016] If the total displacement value WYD (i，j) Greater than the displacement threshold WYD n , generating a displacement excess signal;

[0017] If the total displacement value WYD (i，j) Less than or equal to the displacement value threshold WYD n , generating a displacement stable signal.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the displacement rate affects the performance value Q (i，j) The steps to calculate the gain include:

[0019] 031: Pass again Calculate and obtain the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) The displacement change rate value V at each monitoring time point n (i，j，n) ;

[0020] 032: Pass Calculate the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) The mean displacement rate WYZJ (i，j) ;

[0021] 033: Based on the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) The displacement change rate value set {V (i，j，n)}, get the maximum displacement change rate value Vmax (i，j); At the same time, obtain the displacement change rate value set {V (i，j，n) The number of monitoring time points where the displacement change rate is greater than the mean displacement rate is denoted as m;

[0022] 034: Pass Calculate the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) The displacement rate within affects the performance value Q (i，j) .

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention: the support structure abnormality ratio ZH of the monitoring tangent i i The calculation method is:

[0024] The j displacement monitoring points in the monitoring tangent i are monitored for a monitoring period of T (i，j) The displacement rate within affects the performance value Q (i，j) They are compared with the displacement rate influence performance threshold value Qy respectively;

[0025] Get the displacement rate impact performance value Q of the j displacement monitoring points on the monitoring tangent i (i，j) The number of displacement monitoring points that are greater than the displacement rate impact performance threshold Qy is denoted as k;

[0026] pass Calculate the support structure abnormality ratio ZH of the monitoring tangent line i i .

[0027] As a further solution of the present invention: the support structure abnormality ratio ZH i Compare with the support structure abnormal threshold ZHzy:

[0028] If the support structure is abnormal than ZH i Less than or equal to the support structure abnormality threshold ZHzy, generate point support reinforcement signal:

[0029] If the support structure is abnormal than ZH i When it is greater than the support structure abnormality threshold ZHzy, a line support reinforcement signal is generated.

[0030] As a further solution of the present invention: based on the point support reinforcement signal, the displacement rate influence performance value Q on the monitoring tangent i is obtained (i，j) The displacement monitoring point j is greater than the displacement rate impact performance threshold Qy;

[0031] Increasing the displacement rate on the monitoring tangent i affects the performance value Q (i，j) Support of the displacement monitoring point j whose displacement rate is greater than the threshold value Qy;

[0032] The following steps are involved:

[0033] Get the total displacement value WYD at the displacement monitoring points (i+1, j) and (i-1, j) on the adjacent monitoring tangent i+1 and monitoring tangent i-1 (i+1，j) and WYD (i-1，j) ;

[0034] The total displacement value WYD (i+1，j) , WYD (i-1，j) And displacement value threshold WYD n Compare and obtain the minimum value among the three, which is recorded as the point reinforcement target value JGMU (i，j) ; namely JGMU (i，j) =min(WYD (i+1，j) , WYD (i-1，j) , WYD n );

[0035] By ZHwy (i+1，j) =WYD (i+1，j) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j on the monitoring tangent i+1 (i+1，j) ;

[0036] By ZHwy (i，j) =WYD (i，j) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j on the monitoring tangent i (i，j) ;

[0037] By ZHwy (i-1，j) =WYD (i-1，j) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j on the monitoring tangent i-1 (i-1，j) ;

[0038] The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i+1，j) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j);

[0039] The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i, j) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i，j) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i, j);

[0040] The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i-1, j) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i-1，j) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i-1, j);

[0041] Then, the supports at the displacement monitoring points (i+1, j) and (i-1, j) are respectively welded to the ends of the support at (i, j) using transverse supports, and additional supports are added above the transverse supports.

[0042] As a further solution of the present invention: based on the line support reinforcement signal, starting from one end of the monitoring tangent i, traversing and calculating and increasing the support of all displacement monitoring points j on the monitoring tangent i;

[0043] The following steps are involved:

[0044] Get the total displacement value WYD at the displacement monitoring points (i+1, j+1), (i+1, j-1), (i-1, j+1) and (i-1, j-1) on the adjacent monitoring tangent i+1 and monitoring tangent i-1 (i+1，j+1) , WYD (i+1，j-1) , WYD (i-1，j+1) and WYD (i-1，j+1) ;

[0045] The total displacement value WYD (i+1，j+1) , WYD (i+1，j-1) , WYD (i-1，j+1) , WYD (i-1，j+1) And displacement value threshold WYD n Compare and obtain the minimum value among the five, and record it as the line reinforcement target value JGXU (i，j) ; i.e. JGXU (i，j) =min(WYD (i+1，j+1) , WYD (i+1，j-1) , WYD (i-1，j+1) , WYD (i-1，j-1) , WYD n );

[0046] By ZHwy (i+1，j+1) =WYD (i+1，j+1) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j+1 on the monitoring tangent i+1 (i+1，j+1) ;

[0047] By ZHwy (i+1，j-1) =WYD (i+1，j-1) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j-1 on the monitoring tangent i+1 (i+1，j-1) ;

[0048] By ZHwy (i，j) =WYD (i，j) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j on the monitoring tangent i (i，j) ;

[0049] By ZHwy (i-1，j+1) =WYD (i-1，j+1) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j+1 on the monitoring tangent i-1 (i-1，j+1) ;

[0050] By ZHwy (i-1，j-1) =WYD (i-1，j-1) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j-1 on the monitoring tangent i-1 (i-1，j-1) ;

[0051] The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j+1) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i+1，j+1) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j+1);

[0052] The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j-1) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i+1，j-1) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j-1);

[0053] The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i, j) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i，j) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i, j);

[0054] The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i-1, j+1) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i-1，j+1) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i-1, j+1);

[0055] The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i-1, j-1) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i-1，j-1) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring points (i-1, j-1);

[0056] Then, the supports at the displacement monitoring points (i+1, j+1), (i+1, j-1), (i-1, j+1), and (i-1, j-1) are respectively welded to the ends of the support at (i, j) using transverse supports, and additional supports are added above the transverse supports.

[0057] As a further solution of the present invention: under the online support reinforcement signal, the displacement rate on the monitoring tangent i is successively affected by the performance value Q (i，j)During the reinforcement process of the support of the displacement monitoring point j whose displacement rate is greater than the displacement rate impact threshold Qy, if the support displacement value of the displacement monitoring point has been adjusted during the support reinforcement process of the previous displacement monitoring point, the displacement monitoring point will be reinforced with the adjusted support displacement value.

[0058] As a further solution of the present invention: an automatic monitoring and measuring system for a highway tunnel during construction, comprising:

[0059] Data acquisition module: used to set monitoring tangents for the tunnel wall excavated during the construction period of the highway tunnel with a unit radial length r as an interval, and mark each monitoring tangent as i, where i is 1, 2, 3...;

[0060] Set j displacement monitoring points on the inner side of the tunnel wall of each monitoring tangent, and record each monitoring point as (i, j), where j is 1, 2, 3, ...;

[0061] The displacement of the monitoring tangent is monitored, and the monitoring time is recorded as T (i，j) , the monitoring interval is t; and each monitoring time is recorded as n, where n is 1, 2, 3...;

[0062] Get the displacement value of the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i within the nth interval time t, recorded as WY (i，j，n) ;

[0063] Data processing module: used to calculate the displacement of monitoring point j in monitoring tangent i during monitoring time T (i，j) Total displacement value WYD (i，j) ; and with the displacement value threshold WYD n Make a comparison; obtain an excess displacement signal;

[0064] State calculation module: Based on the displacement excess signal, calculate and obtain the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) The displacement rate within affects the performance value Q (i，j) ;

[0065] Signal processing module: based on the displacement rate affecting the performance value Q (i，j) Calculate the support structure abnormality ratio ZH of the monitoring tangent line i i And compare it with the support structure abnormal threshold ZHzy to obtain the point support reinforcement signal or line support reinforcement signal.

[0066] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0067] The present invention monitors the tangent line and the displacement monitoring point positioning in the tunnel, monitors the displacement state of each displacement monitoring point to determine whether the displacement state of the displacement monitoring point is stable during the construction process, further calculates the displacement change rate of each displacement monitoring point within the monitoring time to determine whether the displacement change rate of the displacement monitoring point is abnormal during the construction process, further calculates the abnormal proportion of the support structure of the monitoring tangent line, and selects different support reinforcement methods based on the abnormal proportion of the support structure to ensure that the construction of the tunnel wall can meet the safety standards, and selects different support reinforcement methods based on different abnormal states, which can improve the support reinforcement efficiency on the one hand, and effectively save the support reinforcement cost on the other hand;

[0068] During the monitoring process, calculations are performed based on the displacement data of each monitoring point to better ensure the safety and accuracy of the support, provide accurate data support for tunnel construction support, and ensure the safety of tunnel excavation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0070] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 2 It is a system block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0073] Embodiment 1

[0074] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is an automatic monitoring and measuring method for highway tunnel construction period, comprising the following steps:

[0075] Step 01: Set monitoring tangents at intervals of unit radial length r for the tunnel wall that has been excavated during the construction period of the highway tunnel, and mark each monitoring tangent as i, where i is 1, 2, 3, etc.; it should be noted that the monitoring tangent is a line that is perpendicular to the inner diameter of the tunnel and the section is in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel; that is, the displacement monitoring points on the monitoring tangent form a support monitoring of a surface;

[0076] J displacement monitoring points are set on the inner side of the tunnel wall of each monitoring tangent, and each monitoring point is recorded as (i, j), where j is 1, 2, 3, etc.; a displacement sensor is set at each displacement monitoring point to measure the displacement distance of the tunnel;

[0077] The displacement of the monitoring tangent is monitored, and the monitoring time is recorded as T (i，j) , the monitoring interval is t; and each monitoring time is recorded as n, where n is 1, 2, 3, etc.; the monitoring duration can be recorded in any way, such as starting from the moment when the excavation is completed at that location, or by monitoring time period;

[0078] The time point of the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i at the nth interval measurement is recorded as (i, j, n), and the displacement value of the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i within the nth interval time t is obtained, recorded as WY (i，j，n) ;

[0079]

[0080] Monitoring point j in monitoring time T (i，j) Total displacement value WYD (i，j) ;

[0081] The displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i is monitored for the monitoring time T (i，j) Total displacement value WYD (i，j) and displacement value threshold WYD n Make comparisons;

[0082] If the total displacement value WYD (i，j) Greater than the displacement threshold WYD n , generating a displacement excess signal;

[0083] If the total displacement value WYD (i，j) Less than or equal to the displacement value threshold WYD n , generating a displacement stability signal;

[0084] Since the larger the displacement change of the displacement monitoring point is, the worse the structural stability of the inner wall of the tunnel at the displacement monitoring point is, the displacement monitoring point needs to be reinforced.

[0085] By calculating the total displacement value of each displacement monitoring point within the monitoring time, it is determined whether the displacement change of the displacement monitoring point in the tunnel exceeds the displacement value threshold within the monitoring time. If the total displacement value is greater than the displacement value threshold, it is necessary to support and reinforce the displacement monitoring point to increase the stability of the tunnel wall.

[0086] Step 03: Based on the displacement excess signal, calculate and obtain the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j)The displacement rate within affects the performance value Q (i，j) ;

[0087] Displacement rate affects the performance value Q (i，j) The steps to calculate the gain include:

[0088] 031: Pass again Calculate and obtain the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) The displacement change rate value V at each monitoring time point n (i，j，n) ;

[0089] 032: Pass Calculate the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) The mean displacement rate WYZJ (i，j) ;

[0090] 033: Based on the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) The displacement change rate value set {V (i，j，n)}, get the maximum displacement change rate value Vmax (i，j) ; At the same time, obtain the displacement change rate value set {V (i，j，n) The number of monitoring time points where the displacement change rate is greater than the mean displacement rate is denoted as m;

[0091] 034: Pass Calculate the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) The displacement rate within affects the performance value Q (i，j) ;

[0092] The displacement change rate of the displacement monitoring point during the monitoring period is calculated, and based on the displacement change rate and the state of the displacement change rate at each monitoring time point, the displacement rate impact performance value is calculated to measure whether the displacement monitoring point has abnormal displacement changes caused by external forces or other influences during the monitoring period. The stability of the displacement monitoring point can be monitored. If the displacement change rate is easily affected by other factors, it means that the tunnel wall of the displacement monitoring point is unstable.

[0093] Step 04: Monitor the j displacement monitoring points in the monitoring tangent i for the monitoring time T (i，j) The displacement rate within affects the performance value Q (i，j) They are compared with the displacement rate influence performance threshold value Qy respectively;

[0094] Get the displacement rate impact performance value Q of the j displacement monitoring points on the monitoring tangent i (i，j) The number of displacement monitoring points that are greater than the displacement rate impact performance threshold Qy is denoted as k;

[0095] pass Calculate the support structure abnormality ratio ZH of the monitoring tangent line i i ;

[0096] The support structure abnormality is compared to ZH i Compare with the support structure abnormal threshold ZHzy:

[0097] If the support structure is abnormal than ZH i If the value is less than or equal to the support structure abnormality threshold ZHzy, a point support reinforcement signal is generated and step 05 is executed:

[0098] If the support structure is abnormal than ZH i If it is greater than the support structure abnormality threshold ZHzy, a line support reinforcement signal is generated and step 06 is executed;

[0099] Based on the abnormal rate of the displacement monitoring point on each monitoring tangent, the abnormal proportion of the support structure is calculated, and different support reinforcement methods are selected to ensure that the construction of the tunnel wall can meet the safety standards. Different support reinforcement methods are selected based on different abnormal conditions. On the one hand, the support reinforcement efficiency can be improved, and on the other hand, the support reinforcement cost can be effectively saved.

[0100] Step 05: Based on the point support reinforcement signal, obtain the displacement rate impact performance value Q on the monitoring tangent i (i，j) The displacement monitoring point j is greater than the displacement rate impact performance threshold Qy;

[0101] Increasing the displacement rate on the monitoring tangent i affects the performance value Q (i，j) Support of the displacement monitoring point j whose displacement rate is greater than the threshold value Qy;

[0102] The specific steps include:

[0103] 051: Get the total displacement value WYD at the displacement monitoring points (i+1, j) and (i-1, j) on the adjacent monitoring tangent i+1 and monitoring tangent i-1 (i+1，j) and WYD (i-1，j) ;

[0104] The total displacement value WYD (i+1，j) , WYD (i-1，j) And displacement value threshold WYD n Compare and obtain the minimum value among the three, which is recorded as the point reinforcement target value JGMU (i，j) ; namely JGMU (i，j) =min(WYD (i+1，j) , WYD (i-1，j) , WYD n );

[0105] 052: Through ZHwy(i+1，j) =WYD (i+1，j) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j on the monitoring tangent i+1 (i+1，j) ;

[0106] By ZHwy (i，j) =WYD (i，j) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j on the monitoring tangent i (i，j) ;

[0107] By ZHwy (i-1，j) =WYD (i-1，j) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j on the monitoring tangent i-1 (i-1，j) ;

[0108] 053: The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i+1，j) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j);

[0109] The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i, j) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i，j) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i, j);

[0110] The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i-1, j) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i-1，j) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i-1, j);

[0111] 054: Then, the supports at the displacement monitoring points (i+1, j) and (i-1, j) are respectively welded to the ends of the support at (i, j) using transverse supports, and additional supports are added above the transverse supports;

[0112] When the displacement rate impact performance value of a few displacement monitoring points is large, it means that the stability of the tunnel wall around the displacement monitoring point is good. At this time, only the displacement monitoring point needs to be reinforced. At this time, the support of the displacement monitoring point and the adjacent displacement monitoring points needs to be adjusted, and additional support needs to be added for fixation.

[0113] Step 06: Based on the line support reinforcement signal, starting from one end of the monitoring tangent i, traverse and calculate and increase the support of all displacement monitoring points j on the monitoring tangent i;

[0114] The specific steps include:

[0115] 061: Get the total displacement value WYD at the displacement monitoring points (i+1, j+1), (i+1, j-1), (i-1, j+1) and (i-1, j-1) on the adjacent monitoring tangent i+1 and monitoring tangent i-1 (i+1，j+1) , WYD (i+1，j-1) , WYD (i-1，j+1) and WYD (i-1，j+1) ;

[0116] The total displacement value WYD (i+1，j+1) , WYD (i+1，j-1) , WYD (i-1，j+1) , WYD (i-1，j+1) And displacement value threshold WYD n Compare and obtain the minimum value among the five, and record it as the line reinforcement target value JGXU (i，j) ; i.e. JGXU (i，j) =min(WYD (i+1，j+1) , WYD (i+1，j-1) , WYD (i-1，j+1) , WYD (i-1，j-1) , WYD n );

[0117] 062: Through ZHwy (i+1，j+1) =WYD (i+1，j+1) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j+1 on the monitoring tangent i+1 (i+1，j+1) ;

[0118] By ZHwy (i+1，j-1) =WYD (i+1，j-1) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j-1 on the monitoring tangent i+1 (i+1，j-1) ;

[0119] By ZHwy (i，j) =WYD (i，j) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j on the monitoring tangent i (i，j) ;

[0120] By ZHwy (i-1，j+1) =WYD (i-1，j+1) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j+1 on the monitoring tangent i-1 (i-1，j+1) ;

[0121] By ZHwy (i-1，j-1) =WYD (i-1，j-1) -JGMU (i，j)Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j-1 on the monitoring tangent i-1 (i-1，j-1) ;

[0122] 063: The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j+1) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i+1，j+1) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j+1);

[0123] The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j-1) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i+1，j-1) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j-1);

[0124] The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i, j) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i，j) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i, j);

[0125] The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i-1, j+1) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i-1，j+1) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i-1, j+1);

[0126] The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i-1, j-1) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i-1，j-1) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring points (i-1, j-1);

[0127] 064: Then, the supports at the displacement monitoring points (i+1, j+1), (i+1, j-1), (i-1, j+1), and (i-1, j-1) are respectively welded to the ends of the support at (i, j) using transverse supports, and additional supports are added above the transverse supports;

[0128] Under the online support reinforcement signal, the displacement rate on the monitoring tangent i is affected by the performance value Q (i，j) During the reinforcement process of the support of the displacement monitoring point j whose displacement rate is greater than the displacement rate impact performance threshold value Qy, if the support displacement value of the displacement monitoring point has been adjusted during the reinforcement process of the previous displacement monitoring point, the displacement monitoring point will be reinforced with the adjusted support displacement value;

[0129] When there are a large number of abnormal displacement monitoring points on the monitoring tangent, it means that the overall stability of the tunnel wall in the monitoring area is poor. At this time, it is necessary to support and reinforce the entire area contacted by the monitoring tangent to ensure the stability of the tunnel wall in this area. At this time, cross-type lateral support is used for each displacement monitoring point, and the stability of the tunnel wall is improved by increasing the number of supports to ensure the safety of tunnel excavation.

[0130] The method locates the monitoring tangent and displacement monitoring points in the tunnel, monitors the displacement state of each displacement monitoring point to determine whether the displacement state of the displacement monitoring point is stable during the construction process, further calculates the displacement change rate of each displacement monitoring point within the monitoring time to determine whether the displacement change rate of the displacement monitoring point is abnormal during the construction process, further calculates the abnormal proportion of the support structure of the monitoring tangent, and selects different support reinforcement methods based on the abnormal proportion of the support structure to ensure that the construction of the tunnel wall can meet the safety standards, and selects different support reinforcement methods based on different abnormal states, which can improve the support reinforcement efficiency on the one hand, and effectively save the support reinforcement cost on the other hand;

[0131] During the monitoring process, calculations are performed based on the displacement data of each monitoring point to better ensure the safety and accuracy of the support, provide accurate data support for tunnel construction support, and ensure the safety of tunnel excavation.

[0132] Embodiment 2

[0133] Reference Figure 2 As shown, an automatic monitoring and measuring system for highway tunnel construction period includes:

[0134] Data acquisition module: used to set monitoring tangents for the tunnel wall excavated during the construction period of the highway tunnel with a unit radial length r as an interval, and mark each monitoring tangent as i, where i is 1, 2, 3...;

[0135] Set j displacement monitoring points on the inner side of the tunnel wall of each monitoring tangent, and record each monitoring point as (i, j), where j is 1, 2, 3, ...;

[0136] The displacement of the monitoring tangent is monitored, and the monitoring time is recorded as T (i，j) , the monitoring interval is t; and each monitoring time is recorded as n, where n is 1, 2, 3...;

[0137] Get the displacement value of the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i within the nth interval time t, recorded as WY (i，j，n) ;

[0138] Data processing module: used to calculate the displacement of monitoring point j in monitoring tangent i during monitoring time T (i，j) Total displacement value WYD (i，j) ; and with the displacement value threshold WYD n Make a comparison; obtain an excess displacement signal;

[0139] State calculation module: Based on the displacement excess signal, calculate and obtain the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) The displacement rate within affects the performance value Q (i，j) ;

[0140] Signal processing module: based on the displacement rate affecting the performance value Q (i，j) Calculate the support structure abnormality ratio ZH of the monitoring tangent line i i And compare it with the support structure abnormal threshold ZHzy to obtain the point support reinforcement signal or line support reinforcement signal.

[0141] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automated monitoring and measurement during the construction period of a highway tunnel, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: For the tunnel wall that has been excavated during the construction period of the highway tunnel, monitoring tangents are set at intervals of unit radial length r, and each monitoring tangent is marked as i, where i is 1, 2, 3...; Set j displacement monitoring points on the inner side of the tunnel wall of each monitoring tangent, and record each monitoring point as (i, j), where j is 1, 2, 3, ...; The displacement of the monitoring tangent is monitored, and the monitoring time is recorded as T (i，j) , the monitoring interval is t; and each monitoring time is recorded as n, where n is 1, 2, 3...; Get the displacement value of the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i within the nth interval time t, recorded as WY (i，j，n) ; Calculate the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) Total displacement value WYD (i，j) ; and with the displacement value threshold WYD n Make a comparison; obtain an excess displacement signal; Based on the displacement excess signal, calculate and obtain the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) The displacement rate within affects the performance value Q (i，j) ; The displacement rate affects the performance value Q (i，j) The steps to calculate the gain include: 031: Pass again Calculate and obtain the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) The displacement change rate value V at each monitoring time point n (i，j，n) ; 032: Pass Calculate the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) The mean displacement rate WYZJ (i，j) ; 033: Based on the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) The displacement change rate value set {V (i，j，n) }, get the maximum displacement change rate value Vmax (i，j) ; At the same time, obtain the displacement change rate value set {V (i，j，n) The number of monitoring time points where the displacement change rate is greater than the mean displacement rate is denoted as m; 034: Pass Calculate the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) The displacement rate within affects the performance value Q (i，j) ; Based on the displacement rate affecting the performance value Q (i，j) Calculate the support structure abnormality ratio ZH of the monitoring tangent line i i And compare it with the support structure abnormal threshold ZHzy to obtain the point support reinforcement signal or line support reinforcement signal.

2. The method for automatic monitoring and measurement during the construction period of a highway tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i is monitored for a monitoring time T (i，j) Total displacement value WYD (i，j) The calculation method is: WYD (i，j) =∑WY (i，j，n) .

3. The method for automatic monitoring and measurement during the construction period of a highway tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The total displacement value WYD (i，j) and displacement value threshold WYD n Make comparisons; If the total displacement value WYD (i，j) Greater than the displacement threshold WYD n , generating a displacement excess signal; If the total displacement value WYD (i，j) Less than or equal to the displacement value threshold WYD n , generating a displacement stable signal.

4. The method for automatic monitoring and measuring during the construction period of a highway tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support structure abnormality ratio ZH of the monitoring tangent i i The calculation method is: The j displacement monitoring points in the monitoring tangent i are monitored for a monitoring period of T (i，j) The displacement rate within affects the performance value Q (i，j) They are compared with the displacement rate influence performance threshold value Qy respectively; Get the displacement rate impact performance value Q of the j displacement monitoring points on the monitoring tangent i (i，j) The number of displacement monitoring points that are greater than the displacement rate impact performance threshold Qy is denoted as k; pass Calculate the support structure abnormality ratio ZH of the monitoring tangent line i i .

5. The method for automatic monitoring and measuring during the construction period of a highway tunnel according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The support structure abnormality is compared to ZH i Compare with the support structure abnormal threshold ZHzy: If the support structure is abnormal than ZH i Less than or equal to the support structure abnormality threshold ZHzy, generate point support reinforcement signal: If the support structure is abnormal than ZH i When it is greater than the support structure abnormality threshold ZHzy, a line support reinforcement signal is generated.

6. The method for automatic monitoring and measuring during the construction period of a highway tunnel according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Based on the point support reinforcement signal, the displacement rate impact performance value Q on the monitoring tangent i is obtained (i，j) The displacement monitoring point j is greater than the displacement rate impact performance threshold Qy; Increasing the displacement rate on the monitoring tangent i affects the performance value Q (i，j) Support of the displacement monitoring point j whose displacement rate is greater than the threshold value Qy; The following steps are involved: Get the total displacement value WYD at the displacement monitoring points (i+1, j) and (i-1, j) on the adjacent monitoring tangent i+1 and monitoring tangent i-1 (i+1，j) and WYD (i-1，j) ; The total displacement value WYD (i+1，j) , WYD (i-1，j) And displacement value threshold WYD n Compare and obtain the minimum value among the three, which is recorded as the point reinforcement target value JGMU (i，j) ; namely JGMU (i，j) =min(WYD (i+1，j) , WYD (i-1，j) , WYD n ); By ZHwy (i+1，j) =WYD (i+1，j) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j on the monitoring tangent i+1 (i+1，j) ; By ZHwy (i，j) =WYD (i，j) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j on the monitoring tangent i (i，j) ; By ZHwy (i-1，j) =WYD (i-1，j) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j on the monitoring tangent i-1 (i-1，j) ; The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i+1，j) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j); The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i, j) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i，j) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i, j); The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i-1, j) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i-1，j) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i-1, j); Then, the supports at the displacement monitoring points (i+1, j) and (i-1, j) are respectively welded to the ends of the support at (i, j) using transverse supports, and additional supports are added above the transverse supports.

7. The method for automatic monitoring and measuring during the construction period of a highway tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: Based on the line support reinforcement signal, starting from one end of the monitoring tangent i, traverse and calculate and increase the support of all displacement monitoring points j on the monitoring tangent i; The following steps are involved: Get the total displacement value WYD at the displacement monitoring points (i+1, j+1), (i+1, j-1), (i-1, j+1) and (i-1, j-1) on the adjacent monitoring tangent i+1 and monitoring tangent i-1 (i+1，j+1) , WYD (i+1，j-1) , WYD (i-1，j+1) and WYD (i-1，j+1) ; The total displacement value WYD (i+1，j+1) , WYD (i+1，j-1) , WYD (i-1，j+1) , WYD (i-1，j+1) And displacement value threshold WYD n Compare and obtain the minimum value among the five, and record it as the line reinforcement target value JGXU (i，j) ; i.e. JGXU (i，j) =min(WYD (i+1，j+1) , WYD (i+1，j-1) , WYD (i-1，j+1) , WYD (i-1，j-1) , WYD n ); By ZHwy (i+1，j+1) =WYD (i+1，j+1) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j+1 on the monitoring tangent i+1 (i+1，j+1) ; By ZHwy (i+1，j-1) =WYD (i+1，j-1) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j-1 on the monitoring tangent i+1 (i+1，j-1) ; By ZHwy (i，j) =WYD (i，j) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j on the monitoring tangent i (i，j) ; By ZHwy (i-1，j+1) =WYD (i-1，j+1) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j+1 on the monitoring tangent i-1 (i-1，j+1) ; By ZHwy (i-1，j-1) =WYD (i-1，j-1) -JGMU (i，j) Calculate the support displacement value ZHwy of the displacement monitoring point j-1 on the monitoring tangent i-1 (i-1，j-1) ; The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j+1) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i+1，j+1) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j+1); The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j-1) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i+1，j-1) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i+1, j-1); The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i, j) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i，j) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i, j); The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i-1, j+1) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i-1，j+1) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring point (i-1, j+1); The clearance thickness at the displacement monitoring point (i-1, j-1) is the support displacement value ZHwy (i-1，j-1) The tunnel wall rock and soil is strengthened by increasing the support strength at the displacement monitoring points (i-1, j-1); Then, the supports at the displacement monitoring points (i+1, j+1), (i+1, j-1), (i-1, j+1), and (i-1, j-1) are respectively welded to the ends of the support at (i, j) using transverse supports, and additional supports are added above the transverse supports.

8. The method for automatic monitoring and measuring during the construction period of a highway tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: Under the online support reinforcement signal, the displacement rate on the monitoring tangent i is affected by the performance value Q (i，j) During the reinforcement process of the support of the displacement monitoring point j whose displacement rate is greater than the displacement rate impact threshold Qy, if the support displacement value of the displacement monitoring point has been adjusted during the support reinforcement process of the previous displacement monitoring point, the displacement monitoring point will be reinforced with the adjusted support displacement value.

9. An automated monitoring and measurement system for highway tunnel construction, characterized in that: The system is used to implement the automatic monitoring and measurement method for highway tunnel construction period as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: Data acquisition module: used to set monitoring tangents for the tunnel wall excavated during the construction period of the highway tunnel with a unit radial length r as an interval, and mark each monitoring tangent as i, where i is 1, 2, 3...; Set j displacement monitoring points on the inner side of the tunnel wall of each monitoring tangent, and record each monitoring point as (i, j), where j is 1, 2, 3, ...; The displacement of the monitoring tangent is monitored, and the monitoring time is recorded as T (i，j) , the monitoring interval is t; and each monitoring time is recorded as n, where n is 1, 2, 3...; Get the displacement value of the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i within the nth interval time t, recorded as WY (i，j，n) ; Data processing module: used to calculate the displacement of monitoring point j in monitoring tangent i during monitoring time T (i，j) Total displacement value WYD (i，j) ; and with the displacement value threshold WYD n Make a comparison; obtain an excess displacement signal; State calculation module: Based on the displacement excess signal, calculate and obtain the displacement monitoring point j in the monitoring tangent i during the monitoring time T (i，j) The displacement rate within affects the performance value Q (i，j) ; Signal processing module: based on the displacement rate affecting the performance value Q (i，j) Calculate the support structure abnormality ratio ZH of the monitoring tangent line i i And compare it with the support structure abnormal threshold ZHzy to obtain the point support reinforcement signal or line support reinforcement signal.

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