A device and method for detecting water body petroleum pollution

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for detecting petroleum pollution in water bodies, and relates to the technical field of petroleum monitoring. The device and method comprise a shell, a cylinder body 1, a cylinder body 2 and a liquid separation and stirring mechanism. A top plate and a bottom plate are fixedly arranged in the shell. The cylinder body 1 comprises a ring body 1 and a plate body 1, and the cylinder body 2 comprises a ring body 2 and a plate body 2. The plate body 1 and the plate body 2 are mutually locked and together with the top plate and the bottom plate form an extraction chamber. The liquid separation and stirring mechanism can be used to stir the water sample during the water sample extraction process to improve the extraction efficiency. The liquid separation and stirring mechanism can be used to completely separate the stratified water sample, so that the stratified water sample can be separated conveniently, and the time consumed in the extraction process can be reduced. By moving the cylinder body 1 or the cylinder body 2, the extract can be quickly separated in the case of being unfavorable to the liquid separation funnel, and the water phase can be retained in the extraction chamber during separation to facilitate repeated extraction of the water phase, further shortening the time consumed in the extraction work, and improving the extraction efficiency and the detection efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum monitoring, in particular to a device and method for detecting water body petroleum pollution. Background Art

[0002] The water body oil pollution detection device is a device used to monitor the content of oil pollutants in water bodies. The existing methods for detecting oil pollutants in water bodies mainly include ultraviolet spectrophotometry, fluorescence, infrared spectrophotometry and weight method. Among them, ultraviolet spectrophotometry and fluorescence method can only detect oil in the form of aromatic hydrocarbons during detection, and cannot determine oil in the form of methyl and methylene, which makes the accuracy of the measurement result low. Infrared spectrophotometry is easily interfered by other organic matter in the water sample during detection, which reduces the accuracy of the detection. The weight method has a higher accuracy during detection, but the detection process is time-consuming and the efficiency is low.

[0003] At present, the principle of using the gravimetric method to detect petroleum pollutants in water bodies is mainly to use petroleum ether and other extractants to extract water samples, and use the solubility difference to dissolve or disperse the petroleum substances in the water into the extractant, so as to achieve the separation of petroleum substances from water. The traditional extraction method mainly relies on manual extraction of water samples. The extraction process is slow, and when separating the stratified water samples, it is important to rely on the separatory funnel for separation. During the static stratification of the water sample, due to the difference between the organic solvent and the petroleum substance used, the extract will not necessarily be stratified at the bottom. When the extract is stratified at the top of the separatory funnel, the water phase and the extract need to be discharged from the separatory funnel and the water phase needs to be re-added to the separatory funnel for multiple extraction treatments. This makes the extraction process cumbersome and time-consuming, greatly slowing down the detection efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device and method for detecting oil pollution in water to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a water body petroleum pollution detection device, comprising an extraction unit, a dehydration unit, a filtration and evaporation unit, a drying unit and a weighing unit, wherein the dehydration unit uses anhydrous copper sulfate to dehydrate the extract after extraction by the extraction unit, the filtration and evaporation unit uses qualitative filter paper washed with petroleum ether to filter the dehydrated extract and evaporates the filtered filtrate, and the drying unit uses a constant temperature box and a dryer to dry and dry the evaporated filtrate;

[0006] The extraction unit comprises a shell, a first barrel, a second barrel and a liquid separation and stirring mechanism, wherein the first barrel and the second barrel are slidably arranged in the shell, a guide rod is fixedly arranged in the shell, the liquid separation and stirring mechanism is slidably arranged on the guide rod, and a top plate and a bottom plate are fixedly arranged in the shell;

[0007] The cylinder body 1 includes a ring body 1 and a plate body 1, wherein a plurality of arc-shaped plate bodies 1 are fixedly arranged on the ring body 1 in a circumferential manner, and clamping plates are fixedly arranged on both sides of the plate body 1;

[0008] The second cylinder body comprises a second ring body and a second plate body, wherein a plurality of arc-shaped second plates are fixedly arranged on the second ring body in a circumferential manner, and two sides of the second plate body are provided with card slots, and the card plates are inserted into the card slots and slide along the card slots in a sealed manner;

[0009] The plurality of plate bodies 1 and 2 are mutually engaged and together with the top plate and the bottom plate form an extraction chamber, and the top and bottom of the extraction chamber are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet;

[0010] The liquid separation and stirring mechanism includes a stirring seat, a sealing ring and a stirring plate group, wherein the stirring seat is slidably arranged on the guide rod, a sealing ring is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the stirring seat, the sealing ring slides along the extraction chamber in a sealed manner, the outer side of the stirring seat and the inner side of the sealing ring are arranged in a regular polygon, and a plurality of stirring plate groups are arranged between the stirring seat and the sealing ring in a circular sliding manner.

[0011] Preferably, the stirring plate group includes a shaft rod, a support plate 1 and a support plate 2, wherein the support plate 1 and the support plate 2 are both trapezoidal and have the same size, the support plate 1 and the support plate 2 are symmetrically rotatably arranged on the shaft rod, the stirring seat is provided with a plurality of vertical grooves 1 and a plurality of limiting grooves 1, the sealing ring is provided with a plurality of vertical grooves 2 and a plurality of limiting grooves 2, and the two ends of the shaft rod are respectively inserted into the vertical grooves 1 and 2 and slide along the vertical grooves 1 and 2;

[0012] The two ends of the support plate 1 are respectively fixed with limit rods 1, and the two limit rods 1 slide along the limit groove 1 and the limit groove 2 respectively;

[0013] Two limiting rods are fixedly arranged at both ends of the second support plate, and the two limiting rods slide along the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove respectively.

[0014] Preferably, a driving ring is rotatably provided in the stirring seat, and a plurality of driving grooves are provided on the driving ring in a circumferentially inclined manner, and the shaft is inserted into the driving grooves and slides along the driving grooves;

[0015] A guide block is fixedly arranged on the driving swivel, and an annular hydraulic rod is fixedly arranged on the guide block;

[0016] An annular guide groove is provided on the stirring seat, an annular hydraulic cavity is provided in the annular guide groove, the guide block is inserted into the annular guide groove and slides along the annular guide groove, and the annular hydraulic rod slides sealingly along the annular hydraulic cavity.

[0017] Preferably, a sleeve is fixedly provided on the stirring seat, the sleeve slides along the guide rod, a gear ring is provided in the sleeve, and a sealing block is fixedly provided on the top of the sleeve;

[0018] A rotating rod is rotatably arranged in the guide rod, a gear is fixedly arranged on the top of the rotating rod, and the gear is meshed with the gear ring;

[0019] A hydraulic support rod 1 is fixedly arranged on the shell, a sealing slide groove 1 is opened in the hydraulic support rod 1, and the sealing block slides along the sealing slide groove 1 in a sealing manner.

[0020] Preferably, at least one first L-shaped rod is fixedly disposed on the ring body;

[0021] At least one second L-shaped rod is fixedly arranged on the ring body 2;

[0022] At least one hydraulic support rod 2 and hydraulic support rod 3 are fixedly arranged on the outer shell, a sealing groove 2 is provided in the hydraulic support rod 2, and the first L-shaped rod slides along the sealing groove 2 in a sealing manner, and a sealing groove 3 is provided in the hydraulic support rod 3, and the second L-shaped rod slides along the sealing groove 3 in a sealing manner.

[0023] Preferably, the top plate is provided with a plurality of through grooves 1 in a circumferential shape, and the plate body 2 slides sealingly along the through grooves 1; the bottom plate is provided with a plurality of through grooves 2 in a circumferential shape, and the plate body 1 slides sealingly along the through grooves 2.

[0024] Preferably, a first liquid collecting trough is fixedly provided on the ring body 1, and an annular plate 1 is fixedly provided on the top plate, and the annular plate 1 is sealingly and slidably connected with the first liquid collecting trough;

[0025] A second liquid collecting trough is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, a second annular plate is fixedly arranged on the second ring body, the second annular plate is sealingly and slidably connected with the second liquid collecting trough, a plurality of drain pipes are arranged at the bottom of the second liquid collecting trough, and the drain pipes pass through the shell;

[0026] The first liquid collecting tank is connected to the second liquid collecting tank through a plurality of telescopic tubes.

[0027] A method for detecting petroleum pollution in water comprises the following steps:

[0028] S1, transporting the acidified water sample from the water inlet to the extraction chamber, then adding petroleum ether to the extraction chamber, and stirring the water sample using the liquid separation and stirring mechanism;

[0029] S1.1, using hydraulic pressure to drive the driving swivel to rotate counterclockwise, so that the shaft rod slides downward along the vertical groove 1 under the action of the driving groove 4, and the support plate 1 and the support plate 2 rotate around the shaft rod and gather together under the action of the limiting groove 1 and the limiting groove 2;

[0030] S1.2, driving the rotating rod to rotate, so that the sleeve 1 rotates under the meshing action of the gear and the gear ring and drives the stirring seat to rotate, and the rotation of the stirring seat drives the stirring plate group to rotate to stir the water sample;

[0031] S2, after the water sample is stirred, let the water sample stand to separate into layers, and drive the liquid separation and stirring mechanism to slide to seal and separate the separated layers of the water sample;

[0032] S2.1, driving the sleeve to slide along the hydraulic support rod 1 to the water sample stratification position, driving the driving swivel to rotate clockwise, so that the shaft rod slides upward along the vertical groove 1 under the action of the driving groove, and the support plate 1 and the support plate 2 rotate around the shaft rod to a horizontal position under the action of the limiting groove 1 and the limiting groove 2, and the multiple stirring plate groups are attached to each other to form a sealed whole;

[0033] S3, separating the stratified water sample by using the liquid separation and stirring mechanism, observing the positions of the water phase and the organic phase containing petroleum substances, and discharging the organic phase containing petroleum substances from the extraction chamber;

[0034] S3.1. When the organic phase containing petroleum substances is located above the extraction chamber, the cylinder is driven to slide downward, so that the organic phase containing petroleum substances enters the first liquid collecting tank, and enters the second liquid collecting tank through the telescopic tube;

[0035] S3.2, when the organic phase containing petroleum substances is located below the extraction chamber, driving the second cylinder to slide upward, so that the organic phase containing petroleum substances enters the second liquid collecting tank;

[0036] S4, after one extraction is completed, the cylinder body 1 or the cylinder body 2 is reset and the steps S1 to S3 are repeated to extract the water sample multiple times, and the extracts after multiple extractions are discharged and collected through the drain pipe;

[0037] S5, dehydrating the extract using the dehydration unit;

[0038] S6, filtering and evaporating the dehydrated extract using a filtration and evaporation unit;

[0039] S7, drying and drying the filtrate after filtering and evaporation using a drying unit;

[0040] S8. Weigh the dried product using a weighing unit and calculate the result.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for detecting petroleum pollution in water, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] The present invention utilizes a liquid separation and stirring mechanism to stir the water sample during the water sample extraction process, so as to improve the extraction efficiency. After the water sample is extracted and layered, the liquid separation and stirring mechanism can completely separate the layered water sample, thereby facilitating the separation of the layered water sample and reducing the time consumed in the extraction process. The present invention is equipped with a cylinder body 1 composed of a plurality of plate bodies 1 and a cylinder body 2 composed of a plurality of plate bodies 2. After the water sample is layered, the extraction liquid located above the water sample can be effectively discharged from the extraction chamber by moving the cylinder body 1, and the extraction liquid located below the water sample can be effectively discharged from the extraction chamber by moving the cylinder body 2. That is, no matter whether the extraction liquid is layered above or below the water sample, it can be quickly separated in a situation that is not conducive to the separation funnel, and the water phase can be retained in the extraction chamber during separation, which is convenient for repeated extraction of the water phase, further shortening the time consumed in the extraction work and improving the extraction efficiency, that is, improving the detection efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cylinder body 1 and the cylinder body 2 in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the plate body 2 in the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the plate body 1 in the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the liquid separation and stirring mechanism in the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the middle part;

[0050] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the state of the liquid separation and stirring mechanism in the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0051] Fig. 9Schematic diagram of the state of the liquid separation and stirring mechanism in the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0052] In the figure: 1, housing; 11, guide rod; 12, rotating rod; 13, gear; 14, hydraulic support rod 1; 2, cylinder 1; 21, ring body 1; 211, first L-shaped rod; 212, first liquid collecting tank; 22, plate 1; 23, clamping plate; 3, cylinder 2; 31, ring body 2; 311, second L-shaped rod; 312, annular plate 2; 32, plate 2; 33, clamping groove; 4, liquid separation and stirring mechanism; 41, stirring seat; 411, vertical groove 1; 412, limit groove 1; 413, annular guide Groove; 414, annular hydraulic chamber; 415, sleeve; 42, sealing ring; 421, vertical groove two; 422, limit groove two; 43, stirring plate group; 431, shaft rod; 432, support plate one; 433, support plate two; 434, limit rod one; 435, limit rod two; 44, driving swivel; 441, driving groove; 442, guide block; 443, annular hydraulic rod; 5, top plate; 51, through groove one; 52, annular plate one; 6, bottom plate; 61, through groove two; 62, second collecting tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] See also Figures 1 to 9 In an embodiment of the present invention, a water body petroleum pollution detection device includes an extraction unit, a dehydration unit, a filtration and evaporation unit, a drying unit and a weighing unit, wherein the dehydration unit uses anhydrous copper sulfate to dehydrate the extract after the extraction of the extraction unit, the filtration and evaporation unit uses qualitative filter paper washed with petroleum ether to filter the dehydrated extract and evaporates the filtered filtrate, and the drying unit uses a constant temperature box and a dryer to dry the evaporated filtrate;

[0054] The extraction unit comprises a shell 1, a barrel 1 2, a barrel 2 3 and a liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4, wherein the barrel 1 2 and the barrel 2 3 are slidably arranged in the shell 1, a guide rod 11 is fixedly arranged in the shell 1, the liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4 is slidably arranged on the guide rod 11, and a top plate 5 and a bottom plate 6 are fixedly arranged in the shell 1;

[0055] The cylinder 1 2 includes a ring body 1 21 and a plate body 1 22, wherein a plurality of arc-shaped plates 1 22 are fixedly arranged on the ring body 1 21 in a circumferential manner, and clamping plates 23 are fixedly arranged on both sides of the plate body 1 22;

[0056] The cylinder body 2 3 includes a ring body 2 31 and a plate body 2 32, wherein a plurality of arc-shaped plate bodies 2 32 are fixedly arranged on the ring body 2 31 in a circumferential manner, and a clamping groove 33 is opened on both sides of the plate body 2 32, and the clamping plate 23 is clamped into the clamping groove 33 and slides along the clamping groove 33 in a sealed manner;

[0057] The plurality of plate bodies 1 22 and plate bodies 2 32 are mutually engaged and together with the top plate 5 and the bottom plate 6 form an extraction chamber, and a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively provided at the top and the bottom of the extraction chamber;

[0058] The liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4 includes a stirring seat 41, a sealing ring 42 and a stirring plate group 43, wherein the stirring seat 41 is slidably arranged on the guide rod 11, a sealing ring 42 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the stirring seat 41, and the sealing ring 42 slides along the extraction chamber in a sealed manner. The outer side of the stirring seat 41 and the inner side of the sealing ring 42 are arranged in a regular polygon, and a plurality of stirring plate groups 43 are arranged between the stirring seat 41 and the sealing ring 42 in a circular sliding manner.

[0059] During implementation, the water sample is passed into the extraction chamber from the water inlet, and then petroleum ether is added to the extraction chamber. The water sample is stirred by the rotation of the liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4, thereby improving the extraction efficiency. After the water sample is extracted and layered, the liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4 is moved to the water sample layer and sealed, so that the layered water sample is completely separated, thereby facilitating the subsequent separation of the water sample. After the water sample is separated, only the organic phase containing petroleum substances is discharged by moving the cylinder 1 2 or the cylinder 2 3, and the water phase continues to stay in the extraction chamber. Subsequently, the cylinder 1 2 or the cylinder 2 3 is reset, and the liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4 is turned on, thereby facilitating the next extraction of the water sample, that is, there is no need to manually transfer the water sample multiple times, and there is no need to use a separatory funnel to achieve the separation of the water sample after layering, thereby greatly reducing the time spent on extraction and further improving the detection efficiency.

[0060] In this embodiment, Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The stirring plate group 43 includes a shaft rod 431, a support plate 1 432 and a support plate 2 433, wherein the support plate 1 432 and the support plate 2 433 are both trapezoidal and have the same size, the support plate 1 432 and the support plate 2 433 are symmetrically rotated and arranged on the shaft rod 431, the stirring seat 41 is provided with a plurality of vertical grooves 1 411 and a plurality of limiting grooves 1 412, the sealing ring 42 is provided with a plurality of vertical grooves 2 421 and a plurality of limiting grooves 2 422, and the two ends of the shaft rod 431 are respectively inserted into the vertical grooves 1 411 and the vertical grooves 2 421 and slide along the vertical grooves 1 411 and the vertical grooves 2 421;

[0061] The two ends of the support plate 432 are respectively fixed with limiting rods 434, and the two limiting rods 434 slide along the limiting groove 412 and the limiting groove 422 respectively;

[0062] Two limiting rods 435 are fixedly provided at both ends of the second support plate 433 , and the two limiting rods 435 slide along the first limiting groove 412 and the second limiting groove 422 , respectively.

[0063] In this embodiment, Figure 6 and Figure 7 A driving ring 44 is rotatably provided in the stirring seat 41, and a plurality of driving grooves 441 are provided on the driving ring 44 in a circumferentially inclined manner, and the shaft 431 is inserted into the driving grooves 441 and slides along the driving grooves 441;

[0064] A guide block 442 is fixedly disposed on the driving swivel 44, and an annular hydraulic rod 443 is fixedly disposed on the guide block 442;

[0065] An annular guide groove 413 is formed on the stirring seat 41 , an annular hydraulic chamber 414 is formed in the annular guide groove 413 , the guide block 442 is inserted into the annular guide groove 413 and slides along the annular guide groove 413 , and the annular hydraulic rod 443 slides sealingly along the annular hydraulic chamber 414 .

[0066] During implementation, the annular hydraulic rod 443 is driven by hydraulic pressure to slide along the annular hydraulic cavity 414, thereby causing the driving swivel 44 to rotate, causing the shaft rod 431 to slide along the driving groove 441, that is, causing the shaft rod 431 to slide up and down along the vertical groove 1 411 and the vertical groove 2 421, thereby causing the support plate 1 432 and the support plate 2 433 to rotate around the shaft rod 431 under the action of the limiting rod 1 434, the limiting rod 2 435, the limiting groove 1 412 and the limiting groove 2 422, that is, the ends of the support plate 1 432 and the support plate 2 433 are brought together or opened, and when the support plate 1 432 and the support plate 2 When the two ends of plate 2 433 are gathered together, the liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4 is in an open state, and the support plate 1 432 and the support plate 2 433 are in a vertical position, and then when the stirring seat 41 rotates, the support plate 1 432 and the support plate 2 433 can stir the water sample, and when the two ends of the support plate 1 432 and the support plate 2 433 are opened, the multiple stirring plate groups 43 will stick to each other, so that the liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4 is in a closed state, that is, to achieve complete isolation of the water sample after stratification, so as to facilitate the separation of the stratified water sample, further shorten the time spent in the extraction process, and improve the detection efficiency.

[0067] In this embodiment, Figure 3 A sleeve 415 is fixedly provided on the stirring seat 41, and the sleeve 415 slides along the guide rod 11. A gear ring is provided in the sleeve 415, and a sealing block is fixedly provided on the top of the sleeve 415;

[0068] A rotating rod 12 is rotatably arranged in the guide rod 11, a gear 13 is fixedly arranged on the top of the rotating rod 12, and the gear 13 is meshed with the gear ring;

[0069] A hydraulic support rod 14 is fixedly arranged on the housing 1 , a sealing slide groove 1 is opened in the hydraulic support rod 14 , and the sealing block slides sealingly along the sealing slide groove 1 .

[0070] The sealing block, i.e., the sleeve 415, is driven by hydraulic pressure to slide along the hydraulic support rod 14, so that the sleeve 415 can drive the stirring seat 41 and the entire liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4 to slide up and down, that is, change the position of the liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4 in the extraction chamber, and in the process of sliding of the sleeve 415, the gear 13 can slide along the sleeve 415 and always engage with the ring gear, that is, no matter where the sleeve 415 moves to, the gear 13 can drive the sleeve 415 and the stirring seat 41 to rotate, that is, realize the stirring of the water sample by the liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4.

[0071] In this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 At least one first L-shaped rod 211 is fixedly disposed on the ring body 1 21;

[0072] At least one second L-shaped rod 311 is fixedly disposed on the second ring body 31;

[0073] At least one hydraulic support rod 2 and hydraulic support rod 3 are fixedly arranged on the shell 1, and a sealing groove 2 is opened in the hydraulic support rod 2, and the first L-shaped rod 211 slides sealingly along the sealing groove 2, and a sealing groove 3 is opened in the hydraulic support rod 3, and the second L-shaped rod 311 slides sealingly along the sealing groove 3.

[0074] In this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The top plate 5 is provided with a plurality of through grooves 51 in a circumferential shape, and the plate body 32 slides along the through grooves 51 in a sealed manner. The bottom plate 6 is provided with a plurality of through grooves 61 in a circumferential shape, and the plate body 22 slides along the through grooves 61 in a sealed manner.

[0075] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 A first liquid collecting trough 212 is fixedly provided on the ring body 21, and an annular plate 52 is fixedly provided on the top plate 5, and the annular plate 52 is sealingly and slidably connected with the first liquid collecting trough 212;

[0076] A second liquid collecting trough 62 is fixedly provided on the bottom plate 6, a second annular plate 312 is fixedly provided on the second ring body 31, the second annular plate 312 is sealingly and slidably connected with the second liquid collecting trough 62, a plurality of drain pipes are provided at the bottom of the second liquid collecting trough 62, and the drain pipes pass through the housing 1;

[0077] Furthermore, the first liquid collecting tank 212 is connected to the second liquid collecting tank 62 via a plurality of telescopic tubes.

[0078] During implementation, after the water sample is layered, when the organic phase containing petroleum substances, i.e., the extract, is located above the water sample, the cylinder 2 is driven to slide downward, during which the plate 22 will separate from the top plate 5, and the extract located above the liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4 will overflow from the top of the plate 22 into the first liquid collecting tank 212 as the plate 22 slides down, and during this process, the space below the liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4 will not change as the plate 22 slides along the through groove 61, that is, the space for storing the water phase will not change, and the water phase can remain in the extraction chamber. After the extract completely enters the first liquid collecting tank 212, the cylinder 2 is reset and the liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4 is opened, and petroleum ether is re-added to repeat the extraction of the remaining water phase. When the extract is located below the water phase, the cylinder 2 is driven to slide upward, during which the plate 232 It will separate from the bottom plate 6. At this time, the extraction liquid located under the liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4 will flow from the interval space between the plate body 2 32 and the bottom plate 6 to the second liquid collecting tank 62 as the plate body 2 32 slides up, and in this process, the space above the liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4 will not change as the plate body 2 32 slides along the through groove 1 51, that is, the water phase can remain in the extraction chamber, and after the extraction liquid completely enters the second liquid collecting tank 62, the cylinder body 2 3 is reset and the liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4 is opened, and petroleum ether is re-added to repeat the extraction of the remaining water phase. In this way, the stratified water sample can be quickly separated without using a separatory funnel, and it is convenient to perform multiple extractions on the water sample, and the extraction liquid after multiple extractions can be collected in the second liquid collecting tank 62 at one time, thereby effectively reducing the time consumed for extraction and improving the extraction efficiency, thereby further improving the detection efficiency.

[0079] A method for detecting petroleum pollution in water comprises the following steps:

[0080] S1, delivering the acidified water sample from the water inlet to the extraction chamber, then adding petroleum ether into the extraction chamber, and stirring the water sample by using the liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4;

[0081] S1.1. The driving swivel 44 is driven to rotate counterclockwise by hydraulic pressure, so that the shaft 431 slides downward along the vertical groove 1 411 under the action of the driving groove 441, and the support plate 1 432 and the support plate 2 433 rotate around the shaft 431 and gather together under the action of the limiting groove 1 412 and the limiting groove 2 422;

[0082] S1.2, driving the rotating rod 12 to rotate, so that the sleeve 415 rotates under the meshing action of the gear 13 and the gear ring and drives the stirring seat 41 to rotate, and the rotation of the stirring seat 41 drives the stirring plate group 43 to rotate to stir the water sample;

[0083] S2, after the water sample is stirred, let the water sample stand to separate into layers, and drive the liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4 to slide to seal and separate the separated water samples;

[0084] S2.1, drive the sleeve 415 to slide along the hydraulic support rod 14 to the water sample layer, drive the driving ring 44 to rotate clockwise, so that the shaft 431 slides upward along the vertical groove 1 411 under the action of the driving groove 441, and the support plate 1 432 and the support plate 2 433 rotate around the shaft 431 to a horizontal position under the action of the limiting groove 1 412 and the limiting groove 2 422, and the multiple stirring plate groups 43 are attached to each other to form a sealed whole;

[0085] S3, separating the stratified water sample by using the liquid separation and stirring mechanism 4, observing the positions of the water phase and the organic phase containing petroleum substances, and discharging the organic phase containing petroleum substances from the extraction chamber;

[0086] S3.1. When the organic phase containing petroleum substances is located above the extraction chamber, the cylinder 2 is driven to slide downward, so that the organic phase containing petroleum substances enters the first liquid collecting tank 212, and enters the second liquid collecting tank 62 through the telescopic tube;

[0087] S3.2, when the organic phase containing petroleum substances is located below the extraction chamber, the cylinder 2 3 is driven to slide upward, so that the organic phase containing petroleum substances enters the second liquid collecting tank 62;

[0088] S4, after one extraction is completed, the cylinder 1 2 or the cylinder 2 3 is reset and the steps S1 to S3 are repeated to extract the water sample multiple times, and the extracts after multiple extractions are discharged and collected through the drain pipe;

[0089] S5, dehydrating the extract using the dehydration unit;

[0090] S6, filtering and evaporating the dehydrated extract using a filtration and evaporation unit;

[0091] S7, drying and drying the filtrate after filtering and evaporation using a drying unit;

[0092] S8. Weigh the dried product using a weighing unit and calculate the result.

[0093] In addition, the calculation formula for the gravimetric method to detect the content of petroleum substances in water is:

[0094]

[0095] Where: m1 is the total weight of the beaker filled with oil (g);

[0096] m2 is the weight of the beaker (g);

[0097] V is the volume of the water sample (mL).

[0098] What is described above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water body oil pollution detection device, characterized in that: It includes an extraction unit, a dehydration unit, a filtration and evaporation unit, a drying unit and a weighing unit, wherein the dehydration unit uses anhydrous copper sulfate to dehydrate the extract after extraction in the extraction unit, the filtration and evaporation unit uses qualitative filter paper washed with petroleum ether to filter the dehydrated extract and evaporate the filtered filtrate, and the drying unit uses a thermostat and a dryer to dry the evaporated filtrate; The extraction unit comprises an outer shell (1), a barrel body 1 (2), a barrel body 2 (3) and a liquid separation and stirring mechanism (4), wherein the barrel body 1 (2) and the barrel body 2 (3) are slidably arranged in the outer shell (1), a guide rod (11) is fixedly arranged in the outer shell (1), the liquid separation and stirring mechanism (4) is slidably arranged on the guide rod (11), and a top plate (5) and a bottom plate (6) are fixedly arranged in the outer shell (1); The cylinder body 1 (2) comprises a ring body 1 (21) and a plate body 1 (22), wherein a plurality of arc-shaped plate bodies 1 (22) are fixedly arranged in a circumference on the ring body 1 (21), and clamping plates (23) are fixedly arranged on both sides of the plate body 1 (22); The second cylinder (3) comprises a second ring body (31) and a second plate body (32), wherein a plurality of arc-shaped second plates (32) are fixedly arranged on the second ring body (31) in a circumferential manner, and two sides of the second plate body (32) are provided with clamping grooves (33), and the clamping plate (23) is clamped into the clamping groove (33) and slides along the clamping groove (33) in a sealing manner; The plurality of plate bodies 1 (22) and plate bodies 2 (32) are mutually engaged and together with the top plate (5) and the bottom plate (6) form an extraction chamber, and a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the extraction chamber; The liquid separation and stirring mechanism (4) comprises a stirring seat (41), a sealing ring (42) and a stirring plate group (43), wherein the stirring seat (41) is slidably arranged on the guide rod (11), a sealing ring (42) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the stirring seat (41), the sealing ring (42) slides sealingly along the extraction chamber, the outer side of the stirring seat (41) and the inner side of the sealing ring (42) are arranged in the shape of a regular polygon, and a plurality of stirring plate groups (43) are arranged between the stirring seat (41) and the sealing ring (42) in a circular sliding manner; The stirring plate group (43) comprises a shaft (431), a support plate 1 (432) and a support plate 2 (433), wherein the support plate 1 (432) and the support plate 2 (433) are both trapezoidal and have the same size, the support plate 1 (432) and the support plate 2 (433) are symmetrically rotatably arranged on the shaft (431), the stirring seat (41) is provided with a plurality of vertical grooves 1 (411) and a plurality of limiting grooves 1 (412), the sealing ring (42) is provided with a plurality of vertical grooves 2 (421) and a plurality of limiting grooves 2 (422), and the two ends of the shaft (431) are respectively inserted into the vertical grooves 1 (411) and the vertical grooves 2 (421) and slide along the vertical grooves 1 (411) and the vertical grooves 2 (421); Limit rods 1 (434) are fixedly arranged at both ends of the support plate 1 (432), and the two limit rods 1 (434) slide along the limit groove 1 (412) and the limit groove 2 (422) respectively; Two limiting rods (435) are fixedly arranged at both ends of the second support plate (433), and the two limiting rods (435) slide along the first limiting groove (412) and the second limiting groove (422) respectively; A driving ring (44) is rotatably provided in the stirring seat (41), a plurality of driving grooves (441) are provided on the driving ring (44) in a circumferentially inclined manner, and the shaft (431) is inserted into the driving grooves (441) and slides along the driving grooves (441); A guide block (442) is fixedly provided on the driving swivel (44), and an annular hydraulic rod (443) is fixedly provided on the guide block (442); An annular guide groove (413) is provided on the stirring seat (41), an annular hydraulic chamber (414) is provided in the annular guide groove (413), the guide block (442) is inserted into the annular guide groove (413) and slides along the annular guide groove (413), and the annular hydraulic rod (443) slides in a sealed manner along the annular hydraulic chamber (414); A sleeve (415) is fixedly provided on the stirring seat (41), the sleeve (415) slides along the guide rod (11), a gear ring is provided in the sleeve (415), and a sealing block is fixedly provided on the top of the sleeve (415); A rotating rod (12) is rotatably arranged in the guide rod (11), a gear (13) is fixedly arranged on the top of the rotating rod (12), and the gear (13) is meshed with the gear ring; A hydraulic support rod (14) is fixedly arranged on the housing (1), a sealing slide groove (1) is provided in the hydraulic support rod (14), and the sealing block slides sealingly along the sealing slide groove (1).

2. A water body petroleum pollution detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one first L-shaped rod (211) is fixedly arranged on the ring body 1 (21); At least one second L-shaped rod (311) is fixedly arranged on the second ring body (31); At least one hydraulic support rod 2 and hydraulic support rod 3 are fixedly arranged on the housing (1); a sealing groove 2 is provided in the hydraulic support rod 2, and the first L-shaped rod (211) slides sealingly along the sealing groove 2; a sealing groove 3 is provided in the hydraulic support rod 3, and the second L-shaped rod (311) slides sealingly along the sealing groove 3.

3. The water body petroleum pollution detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top plate (5) is provided with a plurality of through grooves (51) in a circumferential manner, and the plate body (32) slides in a sealed manner along the through grooves (51). The bottom plate (6) is provided with a plurality of through grooves (61) in a circumferential manner, and the plate body (22) slides in a sealed manner along the through grooves (61).

4. A water body petroleum pollution detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first liquid collecting trough (212) is fixedly disposed on the ring body (21), and an annular plate (52) is fixedly disposed on the top plate (5), wherein the annular plate (52) is sealingly and slidably connected to the first liquid collecting trough (212); A second liquid collecting trough (62) is fixedly provided on the bottom plate (6), a second annular plate (312) is fixedly provided on the second ring body (31), the second annular plate (312) is sealingly and slidably connected to the second liquid collecting trough (62), a plurality of drainage pipes are provided at the bottom of the second liquid collecting trough (62), and the drainage pipes pass through the outer shell (1); Furthermore, the first liquid collecting tank (212) and the second liquid collecting tank (62) are connected via a plurality of telescopic tubes.

5. A method for detecting oil pollution in water, which uses a device for detecting oil pollution in water as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, transporting the acidified water sample from the water inlet to the extraction chamber, then adding petroleum ether to the extraction chamber, and stirring the water sample using the liquid separation and stirring mechanism (4); S1.

1. Using hydraulic pressure to drive the driving swivel (44) to rotate counterclockwise, so that the shaft (431) slides downward along the vertical groove 1 (411) under the action of the driving groove (441), and the support plate 1 (432) and the support plate 2 (433) rotate around the shaft (431) and gather together under the action of the limiting groove 1 (412) and the limiting groove 2 (422); S1.2, driving the rotating rod (12) to rotate, so that the sleeve (415) rotates under the meshing action of the gear (13) and the gear ring and drives the stirring seat (41) to rotate, and the stirring seat (41) rotates to drive the stirring plate group (43) to rotate to stir the water sample; S2, after the water sample is stirred, the water sample is allowed to stand to separate into layers, and the liquid separation and stirring mechanism (4) is driven to slide to seal and separate the separated layers of the water sample; S2.

1. Drive the sleeve (415) to slide along the hydraulic support rod 1 (14) to the water sample layer, and drive the driving swivel (44) to rotate clockwise, so that the shaft rod (431) slides upward along the vertical groove 1 (411) under the action of the driving groove (441), and the support plate 1 (432) and the support plate 2 (433) rotate around the shaft rod (431) to a horizontal position under the action of the limiting groove 1 (412) and the limiting groove 2 (422), and the plurality of stirring plate groups (43) are mutually attached to form a sealed whole; S3, using the liquid separation and stirring mechanism (4) to separate the stratified water sample, observe the positions of the water phase and the organic phase containing petroleum substances, and discharge the organic phase containing petroleum substances from the extraction chamber; S3.

1. When the organic phase containing petroleum substances is located above the extraction chamber, the cylinder body 1 (2) is driven to slide downward, so that the organic phase containing petroleum substances enters the first liquid collecting tank (212) and enters the second liquid collecting tank (62) through the telescopic tube; S3.

2. When the organic phase containing petroleum substances is located below the extraction chamber, the second cylinder (3) is driven to slide upward, so that the organic phase containing petroleum substances enters the second liquid collecting tank (62); S4, after one extraction is completed, the cylinder body 1 (2) or the cylinder body 2 (3) is reset and the steps S1 to S3 are repeated to extract the water sample multiple times, and the extracts after multiple extractions are discharged and collected through the drain pipe; S5, dehydrating the extract using the dehydration unit; S6, filtering and evaporating the dehydrated extract using a filtration and evaporation unit; S7, drying and drying the filtrate after filtering and evaporation using a drying unit; S8. Weigh the dried product using a weighing unit and calculate the result.

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