Method, device, equipment and medium for controlling water flow rate of initial concrete cooling

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention provides a method, device, equipment and medium for controlling the water flow rate of the initial cooling of concrete. The method includes: determining the specification parameters of the cooling water pipe and the water temperature of the cooling water in the water pipe. The specification parameters include: the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the water pipe. According to the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, the inner diameter of the water pipe, the outer diameter of the water pipe and the water temperature of the cooling water, the water flow rate of the initial cooling and heating stage of the concrete is calculated by a first calculation formula and a second calculation formula. Using the specification parameters of the cooling water pipe and the water temperature of the cooling water, the water flow rate of the cooling water is accurately calculated by the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula, thereby avoiding the waste of resources and costs caused by using ultra-large flow water to control the temperature of the concrete during the initial cooling and heating stage of the concrete.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cooling water flow control, and in particular to a method for controlling water flow in the initial cooling of concrete, a device for controlling water flow in the initial cooling of concrete, an electronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Cast-in-place large-volume concrete structures such as concrete dams, large transportation hub foundations, and large tunnel linings require temperature control to prevent temperature cracks caused by temperature stress in the structure exceeding the allowable tensile stress of the concrete. Water cooling is the most effective measure for temperature control of cast-in-place large-volume concrete structures in related technologies. However, engineering practice results show that when the water flow rate reaches a certain value, the concrete temperature will not decrease significantly if the water flow rate is continued to increase. Moreover, large-volume concrete structures are usually composed of hundreds or thousands of casting blocks. Using large-flow water flow for temperature control as much as possible during the concrete heating stage will result in a huge waste of engineering construction resources and costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention are proposed to provide a method for controlling the water flow rate for initial cooling of concrete, a device for controlling the water flow rate for initial cooling of concrete, an electronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium that overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for controlling the water flow rate of initial cooling of concrete, the method comprising:

[0005] Determine the specifications of the cooling water pipe and the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe; the specifications include: the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe;

[0006] Calculate the water flow rate during the initial cooling and temperature rise phase of the concrete using a first calculation formula and a second calculation formula based on the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, and the temperature of the cooling water;

[0007] The first calculation formula is:

[0008]

[0009] The second calculation formula is:

[0010]

[0011] Wherein, q is the water flow rate during the initial cooling and heating stage of the concrete, in m 3 / s;Tf is the water temperature of the cooling water, in °C; p is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, in W / (m·℃); d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; d o is the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m.

[0012] Optionally, the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula are determined according to the following method:

[0013] The relationship between the Nusselt number and the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water is determined according to the Ditus-Belt formula. The Nusselt number is a dimensionless number that characterizes the intensity of convective heat transfer between the cooling water pipe and the cooling water.

[0014] Determining a relationship equation for a second heat transfer coefficient between concrete and the cooling water based on an inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, an outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, a thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, and a first heat transfer coefficient between a pipe wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water;

[0015] determining the water flow rate during the temperature rise phase for the concrete to meet the initial cooling temperature control requirements based on a relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient of the concrete and the cooling water;

[0016] The first calculation formula and the second calculation formula are determined based on the water flow rate during the temperature rise phase in which the concrete meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements, a relationship between a first heat transfer coefficient between a pipe wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, and a relationship between a second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water.

[0017] Optionally, the Ditus-Belt formula is as follows:

[0018]

[0019] Wherein, Nu is the Nusselt number, a dimensionless number; Re is the Reynolds number, a dimensionless number; Pr is the Prandtl number, a dimensionless number; ρ is the density of the cooling water, in kg / m 3 u is the flow rate of the cooling water, in m / s; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; η is the dynamic viscosity of the cooling water, in Pa·s; c is the specific heat of the cooling water, in J / (kg·°C); λ is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, in W / (m·°C);

[0020] The relationship between the Nusselt number and the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Wherein, Nu is the Nusselt number, a dimensionless number; h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃); d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; λ is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, in W / (m·℃).

[0023] Optionally, a relationship equation of a first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water is:

[0024]

[0025] Wherein, h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, and the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃); c is the specific heat of the cooling water, the unit is J / (kg·℃); ρ is the density of the cooling water, the unit is kg / m 3 ; λ is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, in W / (m·℃); η is the dynamic viscosity of the cooling water, in Pa·s; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m.

[0026] Optionally, the relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water is:

[0027]

[0028] Wherein, k is the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water, and the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃); k0 is the limit value of the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water, in W / (m 2 ℃); d o is the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; λ p is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, in W / (m·℃); h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, in W / (m 2 ·℃).

[0029] Optionally, determining the water flow rate in the temperature rising stage in which the concrete satisfies the initial cooling temperature control condition based on a relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient of the concrete and the cooling water includes:

[0030] Determine whether the concrete meets the preset parameter conditions and the cooling water pipe meets the preset water pipe specification conditions;

[0031] Based on the concrete meeting the preset parameter conditions and the cooling water pipe meeting the preset water pipe specification conditions, multiple water flow rate operating conditions are designed, and based on the relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water, the water flow rate in the temperature rising stage in which the concrete temperature meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements is determined.

[0032] Optionally, determining the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula based on the water flow rate in the temperature rise stage in which the concrete meets the initial cooling temperature control requirement, a relationship between a first heat transfer coefficient between a pipe wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, and a relationship between a second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water includes:

[0033] According to the relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient of the concrete and the cooling water, and the preset relationship m=k / k o , determine the proportional coefficient corresponding to the cooling water flow rate in the temperature rise stage that meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements in the water flow condition; wherein m is the proportional coefficient; k is the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water; k o is the final value of the second heat transfer coefficient;

[0034] The first calculation formula and the second calculation formula are determined based on the water flow rate during the temperature rise phase in which the concrete meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements, a relationship between the first heat transfer coefficient between the pipe wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, a proportional coefficient corresponding to the cooling water flow rate during the temperature rise phase in which the concrete meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements under the water flow rate operating condition, and a relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water.

[0035] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a water flow control device for initial cooling of concrete, the device comprising:

[0036] A first determining module is used to determine specification parameters of the cooling water pipe and the water temperature of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe; the specification parameters include: thermal conductivity, inner diameter and outer diameter of the cooling water pipe;

[0037] a first calculation module, configured to calculate the water flow rate during the initial cooling and temperature rise phase of the concrete using a first calculation formula and a second calculation formula based on the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, and the temperature of the cooling water;

[0038] The first calculation formula is:

[0039]

[0040] The second calculation formula is:

[0041]

[0042] Wherein, q is the water flow rate during the initial cooling and heating stage of the concrete, in m 3 / s;T f is the water temperature of the cooling water, in °C; p is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, in W / (m·℃); d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; d o is the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m.

[0043] Optionally, the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula are determined according to the following modules:

[0044] a second determining module, configured to determine a relationship equation for a first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water based on a Ditus-Belt formula and a relationship between the Nusselt number and a first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water; the Nusselt number being a dimensionless number representing the intensity of convective heat transfer between the cooling water pipe and the cooling water;

[0045] a third determining module, configured to determine a relationship equation for a second heat transfer coefficient between concrete and the cooling water based on an inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, an outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, a thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, and a first heat transfer coefficient between a pipe wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water;

[0046] a fourth determining module, configured to determine, based on a relationship expression of a second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water, a water flow rate during a temperature rise phase in which the concrete meets an initial cooling temperature control requirement;

[0047] a fifth determination module, configured to determine the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula based on a water flow rate during a temperature rise phase in which the concrete meets initial cooling temperature control requirements, a relationship between a first heat transfer coefficient between a wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, and a relationship between a second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water.

[0048] Optionally, the Ditus-Belt formula is as follows:

[0049]

[0050] Wherein, Nu is the Nusselt number, a dimensionless number; Re is the Reynolds number, a dimensionless number; Pr is the Prandtl number, a dimensionless number; ρ is the density of the cooling water, in kg / m 3u is the flow rate of the cooling water, in m / s; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; η is the dynamic viscosity of the cooling water, in Pa·s; c is the specific heat of the cooling water, in J / (kg·°C); λ is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, in W / (m·°C);

[0051] The relationship between the Nusselt number and the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water is as follows:

[0052]

[0053] Wherein, Nu is the Nusselt number, a dimensionless number; h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃); d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; λ is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, in W / (m·℃).

[0054] Optionally, a relationship expression of a first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water is:

[0055]

[0056] Wherein, d is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, and the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃); c is the specific heat of the cooling water, the unit is J / (kg·℃); ρ is the density of the cooling water, the unit is kg / m 3 ; λ is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, in W / (m·℃); η is the dynamic viscosity of the cooling water, in Pa·s; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m.

[0057] Optionally, the relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water is:

[0058]

[0059] Wherein, k is the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water, and the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃); k0 is the limit value of the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water, in W / (m 2 ℃); d o is the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; λ p is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, in W / (m·℃); h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, in W / (m2 ·℃).

[0060] Optionally, the fourth determining module includes:

[0061] The first determination submodule is used to determine the concrete that meets the preset parameter conditions and the cooling water pipe that meets the preset water pipe specification conditions;

[0062] The second determination submodule is configured to design a plurality of water flow rate operating conditions based on the concrete meeting the preset parameter conditions and the cooling water pipe meeting the preset water pipe specification conditions, and determine the water flow rate during the heating phase of the concrete that satisfies the initial cooling temperature control requirements based on a relationship equation of a second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water.

[0063] Optionally, the fifth determining module includes:

[0064] The third determining submodule is configured to determine the heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water according to a relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient and a preset relationship m=k / k o , determine the proportional coefficient corresponding to the cooling water flow in the temperature rise stage that meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements in the water flow condition; wherein m is the proportional coefficient; k is the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water; the k o is the final value of the second heat transfer coefficient;

[0065] The fourth determination submodule is configured to determine the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula based on a water flow rate for the concrete to meet the initial cooling temperature control requirement, a relationship between a first heat transfer coefficient between a wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, a proportional coefficient corresponding to the cooling water flow rate in the temperature rise stage that meets the initial cooling temperature control requirement under the water flow rate condition, and a relationship between a second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water.

[0066] The present invention also discloses an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for controlling the water flow rate of initial cooling of concrete are implemented.

[0067] The present invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for controlling the water flow rate of initial cooling of concrete are implemented.

[0068] The embodiments of the present invention include the following advantages:

[0069] In an embodiment of the present invention, specification parameters of the cooling water pipe and the water temperature of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe are determined, wherein the specification parameters include: the thermal conductivity coefficient of the cooling water pipe, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe. Then, based on the thermal conductivity coefficient of the cooling water pipe, the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe and the water temperature of the cooling water, the water flow rate during the initial cooling and heating stage of the concrete is calculated using a first calculation formula and a second calculation formula. Thus, the water flow rate of the cooling water is accurately calculated using the specification parameters of the cooling water pipe and the water temperature of the cooling water using the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula, thereby avoiding waste of resources and costs caused by using a large flow of water to control the temperature of the concrete during the initial cooling and heating stage of the concrete. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0070] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the steps of a method for controlling water flow rate in initial cooling of concrete provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for determining a calculation formula provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a plum blossom-shaped cooling water pipe arrangement provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling range of a cooling water pipe provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of a concrete initial cooling water flow control device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0076] In the related art, the use of large-flow water flow for temperature control during the concrete heating stage will cause a huge waste of engineering construction resources and costs. In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for controlling the water flow rate of the initial cooling of concrete, determining the specification parameters of the cooling water pipe, and the water temperature of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe, wherein the specification parameters include: the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, and then according to the thermal conductivity, the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe and the water temperature of the cooling water, the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula are used to calculate the water flow rate of the user cooling concrete, thereby accurately calculating the water flow rate of the initial cooling and heating stage of the concrete through the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula according to the specification parameters of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water temperature, thereby avoiding the waste of resources and costs caused by using ultra-large flow water flow to control the temperature of the concrete during the initial cooling and heating stage of the concrete.

[0077] Reference Figure 1 , shows a flowchart of a method for controlling water flow rate for initial cooling of concrete provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method may specifically include the following steps:

[0078] Step 101, determining the specification parameters of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water temperature of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe; the specification parameters include: the thermal conductivity coefficient of the cooling water pipe, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe.

[0079] In an embodiment of the present invention, when controlling the temperature of a cast-in-place large-volume concrete structure, pre-buried water pipes can be used for water cooling. The material and size of the cooling water pipes must meet the construction requirements and design specifications, and the temperature of the concrete must also meet the construction requirements. The material of the cooling water pipe in the present invention can be HDPE (high-density polyethylene). The material of HDPE has the following advantages: acid and alkali resistance, organic solvent resistance, excellent electrical insulation, and can still maintain a certain toughness at low temperatures. The surface hardness, tensile strength, rigidity and other mechanical strengths are high. When controlling the temperature of concrete, water control is usually divided into three stages: initial, mid-term and late stages. The initial water flow is mainly to reduce the maximum temperature of the concrete as much as possible, the mid-term water flow is to further reduce the internal temperature and thus reduce the temperature difference between the inside and outside, and the late water flow is mainly to reduce the concrete temperature to a quasi-stable temperature or arch sealing temperature. The concrete initial cooling water flow control method of the present invention can be applied to the initial water flow heating stage of concrete.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present invention, when cooling concrete, the specification parameters of the cooling water pipe and the water temperature of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe can be determined first, wherein the specification parameters of the cooling water pipe may include: the thermal conductivity coefficient of the cooling water pipe, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe.

[0081] It should be noted that in the present invention, thermometers can be installed at the inlet and outlet of the cooling water pipe to measure the water temperature of the cooling water at the inlet and outlet of the cooling water pipe. The average of the inlet and outlet temperatures can then be used as the cooling water temperature in the cooling water pipe. In the present invention, the mechanical properties of the cooling water pipe must meet the requirements for burial operations, and the heat coefficient of the cooling water pipe must meet the temperature control requirements.

[0082] Step 102 : Calculate the water flow rate during the initial cooling and heating stage of the concrete using a first calculation formula and a second calculation formula based on the thermal conductivity, the inner diameter and outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, and the temperature of the cooling water.

[0083] In an embodiment of the present invention, after the specification parameters of the cooling water pipe and the water temperature of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe are determined, the water flow rate during the initial cooling and heating stage of the concrete can be calculated using a first calculation formula and a second calculation formula based on the thermal conductivity, the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, and the water temperature of the cooling water in the specification parameters, wherein the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula are predetermined.

[0084] The first calculation formula is:

[0085]

[0086] The second calculation formula is:

[0087]

[0088] Wherein, q is the water flow rate during the initial cooling and heating stage of the concrete, in m 3 / s;T f is the water temperature of the cooling water, in °C; p is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, in W / (m·℃); d is the inner diameter of the HDPE cooling water pipe, in m; d o is the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m.

[0089] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula can be determined as follows: Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a method for determining a calculation formula according to an embodiment of the present invention, which may include the following steps:

[0090] Step 201: Determine a relationship between the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water based on the Ditus-Belt formula and the relationship between the Nusselt number and the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water. The Nusselt number is a dimensionless number that characterizes the intensity of convective heat transfer between the cooling water pipe and the cooling water.

[0091] Specifically, in the present invention, the Ditus-Belt formula is the following formula (1):

[0092]

[0093] Where Nu is the Nusselt number, a dimensionless number; Re is the Reynolds number, a dimensionless number; Pr is the Prandtl number, a dimensionless number; ρ is the density of the cooling water, in kg / m 3 u is the flow rate of cooling water, in m / s; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; η is the dynamic viscosity of cooling water, in Pa·s; c is the specific heat of cooling water, in J / (kg·℃); λ is the thermal conductivity of cooling water, in W / (m·℃);

[0094] The relationship between the Nusselt number and the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water is as follows (2):

[0095]

[0096] Where Nu is the Nusselt number, a dimensionless number; h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃); d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; λ is the thermal conductivity of cooling water, in W / (m·℃).

[0097] According to the above formula (1) and the above formula (2), the relationship between the first heat transfer coefficient of the cooling water pipe wall surface and the cooling water can be determined. The relationship between the first heat transfer coefficient of the cooling water pipe wall surface and the cooling water pipe is the following formula (3):

[0098]

[0099] Wherein, h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, and the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃); c is the specific heat of the cooling water, the unit is J / (kg·℃); ρ is the density of the cooling water, the unit is kg / m 3 ; λ is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, in W / (m·℃); η is the dynamic viscosity of the cooling water, in Pa·s; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m.

[0100] Step 202 : Determine a relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient between concrete and the cooling water based on the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, and the first heat transfer coefficient between the pipe wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water.

[0101] In an embodiment of the present invention, after determining the relationship between the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, the relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water can be determined based on the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, and the first heat transfer coefficient between the surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water.

[0102] Specifically, since the heat absorbed by the increase in the cooling water pipe temperature only accounts for 1 / 8 to 1 / 6 of the heat required to increase the cooling water temperature by the same temperature, the present invention can ignore the heat absorbed by the increase in the cooling water pipe temperature for the convenience of calculation, and regard the heat transfer process between the concrete and the cooling water as a steady-state process. The heat transfer process can include two links: the first link is the heat transfer from the outer wall of the cooling water pipe to the inner wall of the cooling water pipe, that is, the heat conduction through the water pipe. The second link is the heat transfer from the inner wall of the cooling water pipe to the cooling water. Then it can be obtained that the formula for the stable temperature solution in the cooling water pipe is the following formula (4):

[0103]

[0104] Where T(r) is the temperature of the cooling water pipe along the radial direction, in °C, T p is the inner wall temperature of the cooling water pipe, in °C, T c is the outer wall temperature of the cooling water pipe, in °C, r is the radius of the water pipe, in m, d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m, d o is the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, in meters. In the present invention, the outer wall temperature of the cooling water pipe can be the concrete temperature, and d / 2≤r is less than or equal to d o / 2.

[0105] In the present invention, according to Fourier's law of heat conduction and the above formula (4), the heat flow value passing through the cooling water pipe can be calculated by the following formula (5):

[0106]

[0107] Where Φ is the heat flow value in W / m2, l is the length of the cooling water pipe in m, and λ p is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, in W / (m·℃), T c is the outer wall temperature of the cooling water pipe, in °C, T pis the inner wall temperature of the cooling water pipe, in °C, d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m, d o is the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m.

[0108] Since it is a steady-state heat transfer, the amount of heat passing through each link in series is the same, so the heat flow from the inner wall of the cooling water pipe to the cooling water is calculated as follows:

[0109] Φ=πdlh(T p -T f ) Formula (6)

[0110] Where Φ is the heat flow value, the unit is W / m 2 , d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m, l is the length of the cooling water pipe, in m, h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, in W / (m 2 ℃), T p is the inner wall temperature of the cooling water pipe, in °C, T f is the cooling water temperature in °C.

[0111] Then, from formula (3) and formula (6), we can get the following formula (7):

[0112]

[0113] Where Φ is the heat flow value, the unit is W / m 2 , d o is the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m, l is the length of the cooling water pipe, in m, T c is the outer wall temperature of the cooling water pipe, in °C, T f is the cooling water temperature, in °C, λ p is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, in W / (m·℃), d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m, h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, in W / (m 2 ·℃).

[0114] The relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient of the concrete and the cooling water is as follows:

[0115]

[0116] Where k is the second heat transfer coefficient between concrete and cooling water, and its unit is W / (m 2 ·℃); k0 is the limit value of the second heat transfer coefficient between concrete and the cooling water, in W / (m 2 ℃); d ois the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; λ p is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, in W / (m·℃); h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, in W / (m 2 ·℃). Then, we can get formula (9):

[0117]

[0118] Where k0 is the limit value of the second heat transfer coefficient between concrete and cooling water, and the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃), that is, the second heat transfer coefficient between concrete and cooling water tends to a final value, k is the second heat transfer coefficient between concrete and cooling water, the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃), λ p is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, in W / (m·℃), d o is the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m.

[0119] Step 203 determines the water flow rate in the temperature rise stage for the concrete to meet the initial cooling temperature control requirement based on the relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient of the concrete and the cooling water.

[0120] In an embodiment of the present invention, after determining the relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient of concrete and cooling water, the water flow rate in the heating stage for the concrete to meet the initial cooling temperature control requirements can be determined based on the relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient of concrete and cooling water.

[0121] In one embodiment, determining the water flow rate during the heating phase for the concrete to meet the initial water flow temperature control requirements based on a relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water may include: determining concrete meeting preset parameter conditions and cooling water pipes meeting preset water pipe specifications; designing multiple water flow rate operating conditions based on the concrete meeting the preset parameter conditions and the cooling water pipes meeting the preset water pipe specifications, and determining the water flow rate during the heating phase for the concrete to meet the initial cooling temperature control requirements based on the relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water.

[0122] Specifically, assuming that the water flow rate during the initial cooling and heating stage of the concrete is q, that is, the water flow rate used to cool the concrete is q, the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water is k=mk o (0<m<1.0), m is the proportional coefficient. At this time, the cooling effect of concrete and the final value of the second heat transfer coefficient k o The difference is very small, so the water flow rate in the initial water flow and temperature rise stage can be determined to be q.

[0123] The present invention can use examples to determine the cooling effect of concrete with different second heat transfer coefficients. The cooling water pipes in the large concrete structure are arranged in a serpentine shape on the horizontal plane and in a plum blossom shape or rectangle (with the upper and lower layers aligned) on the vertical section. Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic diagram of a plum blossom-shaped cooling water pipe arrangement provided by an embodiment of the present invention. When the plum blossom-shaped arrangement is adopted, the cooling range of each cooling water pipe is a hexagonal prism, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the prism is S1*S2, where S1 and S2 are the horizontal spacing and vertical spacing of adjacent cooling water pipes in the vertical section, respectively. In actual engineering, in order to facilitate construction, a rectangular arrangement is generally adopted in the vertical plane. In this case, the cooling area borne by a single cooling water pipe is increased by 7%, and the cooling range of a single cooling water pipe is equivalent to a cylinder, such as Figure 4 As shown, a schematic diagram of the cooling range of a cooling water pipe provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Then the equivalent cooling radius of a single cooling water pipe on the vertical plane is calculated by the following formula (10):

[0124]

[0125] Among them, R is the equivalent cooling radius, S1 is the horizontal spacing between adjacent cooling water pipes in the vertical section, and S2 is the vertical spacing between adjacent cooling water pipes in the vertical section.

[0126] In practical applications, in large-volume concrete structure projects, typical cooling water pipes are arranged with horizontal and vertical spacing of 1.5 m. According to formula (10), R = 0.8754 m can be calculated. The present invention can establish a cylindrical network model with a cross-sectional radius of 0.8754 m and use a thermal flow coupling method to simulate the water cooling effect. In the present invention, the concrete thermal parameters are shown in Table 1, and the specifications of cooling water pipes commonly used in projects are shown in Table 2.

[0127]

[0128] Table 1

[0129]

[0130] Table 2

[0131] Where θ0 is the final adiabatic temperature rise, a is the first fitting parameter, and b is the second fitting parameter.

[0132] According to the concrete that meets the preset parameter conditions and the cooling water pipe that meets the preset water pipe specification conditions, a variety of water flow conditions are designed, wherein the parameters in Table 1 above are parameters that meet the preset parameter conditions, and the parameters in Table 2 above are parameters that meet the preset water pipe specification conditions.

[0133] Table 3 shows the corresponding parameters obtained under various water flow conditions of the present invention:

[0134]

[0135] Table 3

[0136] In the present invention, two types of concrete adiabatic temperature rise are used for comparison. The adiabatic temperature rise of concrete increases with age and can be fitted according to the following formula (11):

[0137]

[0138] Where θ(τ) is the adiabatic temperature rise corresponding to the concrete age, θ0 is the final adiabatic temperature rise, a is the first fitting parameter, b is the second fitting parameter, and τ is the concrete age.

[0139] In the present invention, a variety of water flow conditions are designed to simulate a combination of two cooling water temperatures and two adiabatic temperature rises of concrete. Each combination is subdivided into four different water flow rates, so that the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water is 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, and 1.0 times the final value of the second heat transfer coefficient, that is, the proportional coefficient m is 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, and 1.0, wherein the concrete pouring temperature is 25°C. Each working condition simulates the initial water flow for 20 days, determines the temperature distribution of the concrete cylindrical cross section, and averages the cross-sectional point temperatures to compare the average cross-sectional temperatures under each working condition. The average maximum temperature of the concrete cross section under each working condition is determined. Table 4 below shows the statistics of the average maximum temperature of the concrete cross section under each working condition:

[0140]

[0141] Table 4

[0142] It can be seen from Table 4 that under various working conditions, when the cooling water flow rate is adjusted so that the second heat transfer coefficient between concrete and cooling water varies between 0.6 and 1.0 times the final value of the second heat transfer coefficient, the maximum temperature of the concrete changes within 0.5°C; when the second heat transfer coefficient is 0.9 times the limit value of the second heat transfer coefficient, that is, when the proportional coefficient m is 0.9, the maximum temperature of the concrete is about 0.1°C lower than the maximum temperature of the concrete corresponding to the limit value of the second heat transfer coefficient. That is, when the cooling water flow rate makes the second equivalent heat transfer coefficient k between concrete and cooling water ≥ 0.9k o When , it can be considered that the maximum temperature of the concrete meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements, that is, the water flow rate in the heating stage that meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements corresponds to the proportional coefficient.

[0143] The flow rate of water used for concrete cooling determines the flow pattern of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe, which has a significant impact on the heat exchange efficiency. When the flow pattern of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe is vigorous turbulence, the heat exchange efficiency is the highest. When the flow pattern of the cooling water is laminar, the heat exchange efficiency is significantly reduced. In the present invention, the flow pattern of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe is determined by the Reynolds number Re in formula (1), and the following formula (12) can be determined:

[0144]

[0145] Since the above convective heat transfer formula and the correlation formula of Ditus-Belt are only applicable to Re=10 4 ~1.2×10 5 The turbulent convection heat transfer in the cooling water pipe is the main factor affecting the heat transfer coefficient. Therefore, the heat transfer coefficient in the above example is calculated using the Gnielinski formula, which is experimentally verified in the range of Re = 2300 ~ 10 6 , covering the transition flow in the cooling water pipe formed when the flow rate is low, and under the vigorous turbulent flow state, the calculation results are not much different from those of the Ditus-Belt formula.

[0146] As can be seen from Table 3 above, in all working conditions of the present invention's examples, the flow state of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe meets the vigorous turbulence condition only when the cooling water flow rate satisfies the second heat transfer coefficient k≥0.9k0 between the concrete and the cooling water. However, since the present invention's examples only consider two cooling water temperature conditions of 15°C and 20°C, the cooling water temperature used in actual projects is between 5 and 30°C. The water properties of different cooling water temperatures are different, and the Reynolds number Re value is also different. Therefore, in addition to satisfying the second heat transfer coefficient k≥0.9k0, the flow state of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe needs to be judged in the initial water flow and temperature rise stage of the concrete of the present invention. When the flow state of the cooling water is vigorous turbulence, that is, Re≥10000, the calculation formula for the water flow rate of the concrete that meets the initial water flow temperature control condition can be obtained from the above formula (1), which is the following formula (13):

[0147]

[0148] Among them, q is the water flow rate during the initial cooling and heating stage of concrete, and the unit is m 3 / s, d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, the unit is m, η is the dynamic viscosity of the cooling water, the unit is Pa·s, ρ is the density of the cooling water, the unit is kg / m 3 .

[0149] Step 204 : Determine the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula based on the water flow rate during the temperature rise phase when the concrete meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements, a relationship between a first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, and a relationship between a second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water.

[0150] In an embodiment of the present invention, after determining the water flow rate at which the concrete meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements, the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula can be determined based on the relationship between the water flow rate at which the concrete meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements, the first heat transfer coefficient between the pipe wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, and the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water.

[0151] In one embodiment, the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula are determined based on the water flow rate during the temperature rise phase when the concrete meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements, the relationship between the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, and the relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water. The relationship may include: based on the relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water and the preset relationship m=k / k o , determine the proportional coefficient of the water flow rate in the heating stage that meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements under the water flow rate condition; where m is the proportional coefficient; k is the second heat transfer coefficient between concrete and cooling water; k o is the final value of the second heat transfer coefficient; the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula are determined based on the water flow rate in the heating stage that meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements of the concrete, the relationship between the first heat transfer coefficient of the cooling water pipe wall surface and the cooling water, the proportional coefficient corresponding to the water flow rate in the heating stage that meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements in the water flow condition, and the relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water.

[0152] Specifically, by substituting the above formula (13) into the above formula (3), we can obtain formulas (14) and (15):

[0153]

[0154] Where h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, and the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃), c is the specific heat of cooling water, in J / (kg·℃), η is the dynamic viscosity of cooling water, in Pa·s, λ is the thermal conductivity of cooling water, in W / (m·℃), and d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m. The specific heat, dynamic viscosity, and thermal conductivity of cooling water are all physical properties of cooling water. Table 5 below shows the physical properties of cooling water at temperatures between 5 and 30℃:

[0155]

[0156]

[0157] Table 5

[0158] Substituting the above formula (15) into formula (8) and formula (9), we can obtain formula (16) and formula (17):

[0159]

[0160] The meanings of the letters in formula (16) and formula (17) are the same as those in the above introduction of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0161] In the present invention, 36.453c 0.4 η 0.4 λ 0.6 The term is only related to the physical properties of cooling water. Substituting the physical properties of cooling water at 5-30℃, a monotonically decreasing function of the cooling water temperature can be obtained. In the present invention, the value on the right side of formula (17) decreases with the cooling water temperature T f and the thermal conductivity λ of the cooling water pipe p decreases monotonically with the increase of the ratio of the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe to the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe d o / d increases and decreases monotonically. When the cooling water temperature T f and the thermal conductivity λ of the cooling water pipe p After the determination, the value on the right side of formula (17) changes with d o / d increases infinitely and tends to 1.0, and because d o / d>1.0, then the value on the right side of formula (17) increases with d o When / d decreases infinitely and approaches 0, the following formula (18) can be obtained:

[0162]

[0163] The meanings of the letters in formula (18) are the same as those in the above introduction of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0164] In large-volume concrete structure projects, the specifications of cooling water pipes are different, and their cross-sectional dimensions and thermal conductivity coefficients are also different. In order to ensure the heat transfer effect of the cooling water pipes, the present invention usually requires the thermal conductivity coefficient of the cooling water pipes to be λ p ≥1.6kJ / (m·h·℃), that is, 0.44W / (m·K). Therefore, when the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe is p =1.6kJ / (m·h·℃), and the cooling water temperature T f=5°C, the value on the right side of formula (17) is the largest overall. Therefore, in the present invention, when the water flow rate makes the second heat transfer coefficient k between the concrete and the cooling water pipe ≥ 0.9k0, the flow state of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe does not necessarily meet the vigorous turbulence condition at the same time. In actual processes, the flow state of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe may appear in various ways. Under the flow state of vigorous turbulence and transition flow, the heat exchange efficiency will be greatly reduced. Therefore, this application needs to make a regulation on the flow state of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe so that the flow rate satisfies Re ≥ 10000.

[0165] In order to ensure that the maximum temperature of the concrete is reduced to the lowest level during the initial water flow and that the water flow rate is controlled within a reasonable range, the present invention requires that the water flow rate during the initial water flow and temperature rise stage of the concrete must simultaneously meet the following two conditions: Condition 1: The water flow rate makes the second heat transfer coefficient k ≥ 0.9k0; Condition 2: The flow state of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe is vigorous turbulence, that is, the Reynolds number Re ≥ 10000.

[0166] When condition 1 is met, that is, when the second heat transfer coefficient k≥0.9k0, formula (19) can be obtained from the above formulas (8) and (9):

[0167]

[0168] Substituting formula (19) into the above formula (3), we can obtain formula (20):

[0169]

[0170] The meanings of the letters in formula (20) are the same as those in the above introduction of this application, and this application will not repeat them here.

[0171] In the present invention, the right side of formula (20) The term is related to the physical properties of cooling water. Substituting the physical properties of cooling water at 5-30℃, we can get the relationship between this term and the cooling water temperature T f There is a linear relationship between them, that is, the following formula (21):

[0172]

[0173] Further, we can get the first calculation formula:

[0174]

[0175] Among them, q is the water flow rate during the initial cooling and heating stage of concrete, and the unit is m 3 / s;T f is the cooling water temperature, in °C; p is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, in W / (m·℃); d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; do is the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m.

[0176] When the first condition is met, that is, when the Rayleigh number Re ≥ 10000, the water flow rate required to cool the concrete satisfies formula (13). At this time, the water flow rate is related to the physical properties of the cooling water and the size of the cooling water pipe. Substituting the physical properties of the cooling water, we can obtain the right side of formula (13): Item and cooling water temperature T f It is an exponential relationship, that is, the following formula (23):

[0177]

[0178] The meanings of the letters in formula (23) are the same as those in the above introduction of this application, and this application will not repeat them here.

[0179] Further, we can get the second calculation formula:

[0180]

[0181] Among them, q is the water flow rate during the initial cooling and heating stage of concrete, and the unit is m 3 / s;T f is the cooling water temperature of the cooling water, in °C; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m.

[0182] Therefore, when the water flow rate during the initial cooling and heating stage of concrete satisfies both the first and second calculation formulas, the maximum temperature of the initial cooling of concrete can be reduced to the minimum, while also avoiding a large amount of water flow, which would lead to a waste of water resources.

[0183] In an embodiment of the present invention, the specifications of the cooling water pipe and the temperature of the cooling water within the cooling water pipe are determined; the specifications include the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe and the inner and outer diameters of the cooling water pipe. Based on the thermal conductivity, the inner and outer diameters of the cooling water pipe, and the cooling water temperature, the water flow rate during the initial cooling and heating phase of the concrete is calculated using a first calculation formula and a second calculation formula. Thus, the flow rate during the initial cooling and heating phase of the concrete is accurately calculated using the specifications of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water temperature, thereby avoiding the waste of resources and costs caused by using excessively large water flow rates to control the temperature of the concrete.

[0184] It should be noted that for the sake of simplicity, the method embodiments are described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should be aware that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to the embodiments of the present invention, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in this specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily required by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0185] Reference Figure 5 , shows a structural block diagram of a concrete initial cooling water flow control device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which may specifically include the following modules:

[0186] The first determination module 501 is used to determine the specification parameters of the cooling water pipe and the water temperature of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe; the specification parameters include: the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe;

[0187] A first calculation module 502 is configured to calculate the water flow rate during the initial cooling and temperature rise phase of the concrete using a first calculation formula and a second calculation formula based on the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, and the temperature of the cooling water;

[0188] The first calculation formula is:

[0189]

[0190] The second calculation formula is:

[0191]

[0192] Wherein, q is the water flow rate during the initial cooling and heating stage of the concrete, in m 3 / s;T f is the cooling water temperature of the cooling water, in °C; p is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, in W / (m·℃); d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; d o is the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe.

[0193] In one embodiment, the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula are determined according to the following modules:

[0194] a second determining module, configured to determine a relationship equation for a first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water based on a Ditus-Belt formula and a relationship between the Nusselt number and a first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water; the Nusselt number being a dimensionless number representing the intensity of convective heat transfer between the cooling water pipe and the cooling water;

[0195] a third determining module, configured to determine a relationship equation for a second heat transfer coefficient between concrete and the cooling water based on an inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, an outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, a thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, and a first heat transfer coefficient between a pipe wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water;

[0196] a fourth determining module, configured to determine, based on a relationship expression of a second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water, a water flow rate during a temperature rise phase in which the concrete meets an initial cooling temperature control requirement;

[0197] a fifth determination module, configured to determine the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula based on a water flow rate during a temperature rise phase in which the concrete meets initial cooling temperature control requirements, a relationship between a first heat transfer coefficient between a wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, and a relationship between a second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water.

[0198] In one embodiment, the Ditus-Belt formula is as follows:

[0199]

[0200] Wherein, Nu is the Nusselt number, a dimensionless number; Re is the Reynolds number, a dimensionless number; Pr is the Prandtl number, a dimensionless number; ρ is the density of the cooling water, in kg / m 3 u is the flow rate of the cooling water, in m / s; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; η is the dynamic viscosity of the cooling water, in Pa·s; c is the specific heat of the cooling water, in J / (kg·°C); λ is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, in W / (m·°C);

[0201] The relationship between the Nusselt number and the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water is as follows:

[0202]

[0203] Wherein, Nu is the Nusselt number, a dimensionless number; h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, the unit is W / (m 2·℃); d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; λ is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, in W / (m·℃).

[0204] In one embodiment, the relationship between the first heat transfer coefficient of the cooling water pipe wall surface and the cooling water is:

[0205]

[0206] Wherein, h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, and the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃); c is the specific heat of the cooling water, the unit is J / (kg·℃); ρ is the density of the cooling water, the unit is kg / m 3 ; λ is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, in W / (m·℃); η is the dynamic viscosity of the cooling water, in Pa·s; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m.

[0207] In one embodiment, the relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient of the concrete and the cooling water is:

[0208]

[0209] Wherein, k is the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water, and the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃); k0 is the limit value of the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water, in W / (m 2 ℃); d o is the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; λ p is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, in W / (m·℃); h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, in W / (m 2 ·℃).

[0210] In one embodiment, the fourth determining module includes:

[0211] The first determination submodule is used to determine the concrete that meets the preset parameter conditions and the cooling water pipe that meets the preset water pipe specification conditions;

[0212] The second determination submodule is configured to design a plurality of water flow rate operating conditions based on the concrete meeting the preset parameter conditions and the cooling water pipe meeting the preset water pipe specification conditions, and determine the water flow rate during the heating phase of the concrete that satisfies the initial cooling temperature control requirements based on a relationship equation of a second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water.

[0213] In one embodiment, the fifth determining module includes:

[0214] The third determining submodule is configured to determine the heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water according to a relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient and a preset relationship m=k / k o , determine the proportional coefficient corresponding to the cooling water flow in the temperature rise stage that meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements in the water flow condition; wherein m is the proportional coefficient; k is the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water; the k o is the final value of the second heat transfer coefficient;

[0215] The fourth determination submodule is configured to determine the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula based on a water flow rate for the concrete to meet the initial cooling temperature control requirement, a relationship between a first heat transfer coefficient between a wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, a proportional coefficient corresponding to the cooling water flow rate in the temperature rise stage that meets the initial cooling temperature control requirement under the water flow rate condition, and a relationship between a second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water.

[0216] In an embodiment of the present invention, a first determination module is configured to determine the specifications of the cooling water pipe and the temperature of the cooling water within the cooling water pipe; the specifications include the thermal conductivity, inner diameter, and outer diameter of the cooling water pipe. A first calculation module is configured to calculate the water flow rate during the initial cooling and heating phase of concrete using first and second calculation formulas based on the thermal conductivity, inner and outer diameters of the cooling water pipe, and the cooling water temperature. This module accurately calculates the cooling water flow rate using the first and second calculation formulas based on the specifications of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water temperature, thereby avoiding the waste of resources and costs associated with using high-flow water flow to control the concrete temperature during the initial cooling and heating phase.

[0217] As for the device embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment.

[0218] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including:

[0219] The present invention includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor. When the computer program is executed by the processor, each process of the embodiment of the method for controlling the water flow rate of initial cooling of concrete is implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be described here.

[0220] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, each process of the above-mentioned embodiment of the method for controlling the water flow rate of initial cooling of concrete is implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be described here.

[0221] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0222] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, apparatus, or computer program products. Thus, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of a fully hardware embodiment, a fully software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0223] The embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, terminal devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing terminal device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal device generate instructions for implementing the process in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0224] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing terminal device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce a manufactured product including an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0225] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing terminal device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable terminal device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for executing on the computer or other programmable terminal device to implement the process. Figure 1a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0226] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they become aware of the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0227] Finally, it should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes the element.

[0228] The above describes in detail a method for controlling the water flow rate of initial cooling of concrete, a device for controlling the water flow rate of initial cooling of concrete, an electronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only intended to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling water flow rate during initial cooling of concrete, characterized in that: The method comprises: Determine the specifications of the cooling water pipe and the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe; the specifications include: the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe; Calculating a minimum critical value of the water flow rate during the initial cooling and temperature rise phase of the concrete using a first calculation formula and a second calculation formula based on the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, and the temperature of the cooling water; Controlling the cooling water flow rate according to the minimum critical value of the water flow rate during the initial cooling and heating stage of the concrete; The first calculation formula is: The second calculation formula is: Wherein, q is the minimum critical value of water flow rate during the initial cooling and heating stage of the concrete, in m 3 / s;T f is the water temperature of the cooling water, in °C; p is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, in W / (m·℃); d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; d o is the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m.

2. The method for controlling water flow rate during initial cooling of concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first calculation formula and the second calculation formula are determined as follows: The relationship between the Nusselt number and the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water is determined according to the Ditus-Belt formula. The Nusselt number is a dimensionless number that characterizes the intensity of convective heat transfer between the cooling water pipe and the cooling water. Determining a relationship equation for a second heat transfer coefficient between concrete and the cooling water based on an inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, an outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, a thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, and a first heat transfer coefficient between a pipe wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water; determining the water flow rate during the temperature rise phase for the concrete to meet the initial cooling temperature control requirements based on a relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient of the concrete and the cooling water; The first calculation formula and the second calculation formula are determined based on the water flow rate during the temperature rise phase in which the concrete meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements, a relationship between a first heat transfer coefficient between a pipe wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, and a relationship between a second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water.

3. The method for controlling water flow rate during initial cooling of concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Ditus-Belt formula is as follows: Wherein, Nu is the Nusselt number, a dimensionless number; Re is the Reynolds number, a dimensionless number; Pr is the Prandtl number, a dimensionless number; ρ is the density of the cooling water, in kg / m 3 u is the flow rate of the cooling water, in m / s; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; η is the dynamic viscosity of the cooling water, in Pa·s; c is the specific heat of the cooling water, in J / (kg·°C); λ is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, in W / (m·°C); The relationship between the Nusselt number and the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water is as follows: Wherein, Nu is the Nusselt number, a dimensionless number; h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃); d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; λ is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, in W / (m·℃).

4. The method for controlling water flow rate during initial cooling of concrete according to claim 2, wherein: The relationship between the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water is: Wherein, h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, and the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃); c is the specific heat of the cooling water, the unit is J / (kg·℃); ρ is the density of the cooling water, the unit is kg / m 3 ; λ is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, in W / (m·℃); η is the dynamic viscosity of the cooling water, in Pa·s; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m.

5. The method for controlling water flow rate during initial cooling of concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that: The relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient of the concrete and the cooling water is: Wherein, k is the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water, and the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃); k0 is the limit value of the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water, in W / (m 2 ℃); d o is the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; λ p is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, in W / (m·℃); h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, in W / (m 2 ·℃).

6. The method for controlling water flow rate during initial cooling of concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of determining the water flow rate during the temperature rise phase in which the concrete meets the initial cooling temperature control requirement based on a relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient of the concrete and the cooling water comprises: Determine whether the concrete meets the preset parameter conditions and the cooling water pipe meets the preset water pipe specification conditions; Based on the concrete meeting the preset parameter conditions and the cooling water pipe meeting the preset water pipe specification conditions, multiple water flow rate operating conditions are designed, and based on the relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water, the water flow rate in the temperature rising stage in which the concrete temperature meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements is determined.

7. The method for controlling water flow rate during initial cooling of concrete according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first calculation formula and the second calculation formula are determined based on the water flow rate in the temperature rise stage in which the concrete meets the initial cooling temperature control requirement, a relationship between a first heat transfer coefficient between a pipe wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, and a relationship between a second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water, including: According to the relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient of the concrete and the cooling water, and the preset relationship m=k / k o , determine the proportional coefficient corresponding to the water flow rate in the heating stage that meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements in the water flow rate working condition; wherein m is the proportional coefficient; k is the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water; k o is the final value of the second heat transfer coefficient; The first calculation formula and the second calculation formula are determined based on the water flow rate during the temperature rise phase when the concrete meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements, a relationship between the first heat transfer coefficient between the pipe wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, a proportional coefficient corresponding to the water flow rate during the temperature rise phase when the concrete meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements under the water flow rate operating condition, and a relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water.

8. A water flow control device for initial cooling of concrete, characterized in that: The device comprises: A first determining module is used to determine specification parameters of the cooling water pipe and the water temperature of the cooling water in the cooling water pipe; the specification parameters include: thermal conductivity, inner diameter and outer diameter of the cooling water pipe; a first calculation module, configured to calculate a minimum critical value of the water flow rate during the initial cooling and temperature rise phase of the concrete based on the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, and the temperature of the cooling water using a first calculation formula and a second calculation formula; and to control the cooling water flow rate according to the minimum critical value of the water flow rate during the initial cooling and temperature rise phase of the concrete; The first calculation formula is: The second calculation formula is: Wherein, q is the minimum critical value of water flow rate during the initial cooling and heating stage of the concrete, in m 3 / s;T f is the water temperature of the cooling water, in °C; p is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, in W / (m·℃); d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; d o is the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m.

9. The concrete initial cooling water flow control device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Determined based on the following modules: a second determining module, configured to determine a relationship equation for a first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water based on a Ditus-Belt formula and a relationship between the Nusselt number and a first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water; the Nusselt number being a dimensionless number representing the intensity of convective heat transfer between the cooling water pipe and the cooling water; a third determining module, configured to determine a relationship equation for a second heat transfer coefficient between concrete and the cooling water based on an inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, an outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, a thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, and a first heat transfer coefficient between a pipe wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water; a fourth determining module, configured to determine, based on a relationship expression of a second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water, a water flow rate during a temperature rise phase in which the concrete meets an initial cooling temperature control requirement; a fifth determination module, configured to determine the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula based on a water flow rate during a temperature rise phase in which the concrete meets initial cooling temperature control requirements, a relationship between a first heat transfer coefficient between a wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, and a relationship between a second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water.

10. The concrete initial cooling water flow control device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The Ditus-Belt formula is as follows: Wherein, Nu is the Nusselt number, a dimensionless number; Re is the Reynolds number, a dimensionless number; Pr is the Prandtl number, a dimensionless number; ρ is the density of the cooling water, in kg / m 3 u is the flow rate of the cooling water, in m / s; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; η is the dynamic viscosity of the cooling water, in Pa·s; c is the specific heat of the cooling water, in J / (kg·°C); λ is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, in W / (m·°C); The relationship between the Nusselt number and the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water is as follows: Wherein, Nu is the Nusselt number, a dimensionless number; h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃); d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; λ is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, in W / (m·℃).

11. The concrete initial cooling water flow control device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The relationship between the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water is: Wherein, h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, and the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃); c is the specific heat of the cooling water, the unit is J / (kg·℃); ρ is the density of the cooling water, the unit is kg / m 3 ; λ is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, in W / (m·℃); η is the dynamic viscosity of the cooling water, in Pa·s; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m.

12. The concrete initial cooling water flow control device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient of the concrete and the cooling water is: Wherein, k is the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water, and the unit is W / (m 2 ·℃); k0 is the limit value of the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water, in W / (m 2 ℃); d o is the outer diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; d is the inner diameter of the cooling water pipe, in m; λ p is the thermal conductivity of the cooling water pipe, in W / (m·℃); h is the first heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, in W / (m 2 ·℃).

13. The concrete initial cooling water flow control device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fourth determining module includes: The first determination submodule is used to determine the concrete that meets the preset parameter conditions and the cooling water pipe that meets the preset water pipe specification conditions; The second determination submodule is configured to design a plurality of water flow rate operating conditions based on the concrete meeting the preset parameter conditions and the cooling water pipe meeting the preset water pipe specification conditions, and determine the water flow rate during the heating phase of the concrete that satisfies the initial cooling temperature control requirements based on a relationship equation of a second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water.

14. The concrete initial cooling water flow control device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The fifth determining module includes: The third determining submodule is configured to determine the heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water according to a relationship between the second heat transfer coefficient and a preset relationship m=k / k o , determine the proportional coefficient corresponding to the cooling water flow in the temperature rise stage that meets the initial cooling temperature control requirements in the water flow condition; wherein m is the proportional coefficient; k is the second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water; the k o is the final value of the second heat transfer coefficient; The fourth determination submodule is configured to determine the first calculation formula and the second calculation formula based on a water flow rate for the concrete to meet the initial cooling temperature control requirement, a relationship between a first heat transfer coefficient between a wall surface of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water, a proportional coefficient corresponding to the cooling water flow rate in the temperature rise stage that meets the initial cooling temperature control requirement under the water flow rate condition, and a relationship between a second heat transfer coefficient between the concrete and the cooling water.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the method for controlling the water flow rate of initial cooling of concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

16. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for controlling the water flow rate for initial cooling of concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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