Automatic three-dimensional warehouse design method

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic three-dimensional warehouse design method, belongs to the technical field of logistics, and aims to solve the problem that normal operation of a system is affected or resources are wasted due to low efficiency or bottleneck of built warehouses caused by blind construction of many warehouses without comprehensive planning at present. Comprising the following steps: S1, material demand analysis; s2, goods allocation quantity distribution optimization; s3, obtaining an optimal goods allocation scheme of the warehouse; s4, obtaining a logic plan of the warehouse; s5, model selection and estimation of warehouse facilities; s6, carrying out economic analysis; according to the method, the optimal warehouse goods allocation quantity distribution scheme is optimized and selected by analyzing the material requirements of the warehouse and combining the goods allocation mathematical model with the minimum cost, and the use area of the goods allocation is reasonably distributed, so that the utilization rate of the warehouse shelf is maximized; the warehouse layout is reasonably planned, the supply chain management is perfected, the logistics operation efficiency is improved, the storage cost is reduced, and the problems that the system operation is affected and resources are wasted due to low warehouse efficiency are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of logistics, and in particular to a design method for an automated stereoscopic warehouse. Background Art

[0002] A warehouse consists of a storehouse for storing goods, transportation facilities (such as cranes, elevators, slides, etc.), pipelines and equipment for entering and exiting the storehouse, fire protection facilities, and management rooms. It is a general term for buildings and places for keeping and storing goods. Warehouses can be divided into warehouses for storing solid goods, liquid goods, gaseous goods, and powdered goods according to the form of the goods stored; warehouses can be divided into warehouses for storing raw materials, semi-finished products, and finished products according to the nature of the stored goods; and can be divided into single-story warehouses, multi-story warehouses, and cylindrical warehouses according to the building form.

[0003] However, due to the complexity of warehouse planning and the incompleteness of planning theory, many warehouses are currently built blindly without comprehensive planning, resulting in inefficient warehouses or bottlenecks after construction, thus affecting the normal operation of the system or causing waste of resources.

[0004] Therefore, we introduce an automated stereo library design method. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automated stereoscopic warehouse design method, aiming to solve the problem in the above-mentioned background technology that many warehouses are currently built blindly without comprehensive planning, resulting in low efficiency or bottlenecks in the warehouses after construction, thereby affecting the normal operation of the system or causing waste of resources.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An automated stereo library design method comprises the following implementation steps:

[0008] S1: Material demand analysis, using computers and warehouse automatic management systems to calculate and analyze product production plans, generate material demand trend charts and actual material consumption trend charts, and compare the two to determine changes in material demand;

[0009] S2: Optimize the allocation of cargo space quantity, based on the mathematical model of cargo space allocation with minimum cost, to obtain the lowest cargo space allocation plan under different assumptions;

[0010] S3: Obtain the optimal storage location plan for the warehouse. After obtaining the minimum storage location allocation plan for each warehouse, propose the optimal storage location plan for the warehouse according to the demand;

[0011] S4: Obtain the warehouse construction plan and set up automated handling equipment in the warehouse according to the plan;

[0012] S5: Warehouse facility selection and estimation. After determining the number of automated handling equipment, the warehouse construction plan data will be imported into the computer to generate data for establishing the warehouse construction cost ledger.

[0013] Furthermore, the warehouse automatic management system stores the operation data and warehouse construction data after the warehouse is established through the warehouse item management database and the warehouse construction database, including

[0014] The item scanning and registration module is used to scan and identify the type and quantity of items after weighing and determining the weight, register the incoming and outgoing data of the items, and upload the item data for storage;

[0015] The equipment monitoring and statistics module is used to calculate and count the usage data of the automated handling equipment in the warehouse through computer vision and image processing technology with the help of warehouse cameras, and upload the statistical data for storage;

[0016] The calculation and analysis module is used to calculate the warehouse construction cost and perform real-time profit calculation statistics on the shipment data of warehouse items. On this basis, it analyzes and evaluates the warehouse operation and maintenance costs and the service life of the warehouse, as well as performs data calculation and analysis when adjusting warehouse planning.

[0017] The optimization and adjustment module is used to optimize the distribution of warehouse automated handling equipment, warehouse storage area planning and design, and storage item planning and design, and generate corresponding guidance adjustment plans.

[0018] Furthermore, the optimization and adjustment of warehouse storage area planning and design includes the following implementation steps:

[0019] (1) Determine the warehouse capacity based on the warehouse construction plan data, reasonably divide the storage area structure of the warehouse, and place items of different types or in different states in different areas;

[0020] (2) Determine the required storage area based on the type, quantity and size of the stored items, ensure storage usage requirements, and calculate the maximum utilization plan for the warehouse;

[0021] (3) Determine the type and model of shelves required according to the items to be stored, place them in the corresponding storage area, and design the layout of the shelves in a reasonable manner;

[0022] (4) According to the adjustment of the area of ​​the storage area and the change of the number of items stored in the area, the distribution quantity of the automated handling equipment in the storage area shall be adjusted.

[0023] Furthermore, when deploying and adjusting the automated handling equipment in the material storage area, the calculation and analysis module calculates and evaluates the advantageous storage materials in the next stage, and after optimizing and adjusting the storage quantity and storage area of ​​the advantageous storage materials, the quantity distribution of automated handling equipment in each material storage partition is determined, and the advantageous required materials in the area with small material shipment quantity are appropriately concentrated and deployed to the storage area of ​​the advantageous required materials.

[0024] Furthermore, the planning, design and optimization of storage items include the following implementation steps:

[0025] a. Based on the profit data of warehouse shipments each month, the calculation and analysis module analyzes and evaluates the materials needed for the next month, and adjusts the storage quantity and storage area of ​​the materials required to increase the advantage;

[0026] b. Re-plan the material storage partition structure of the warehouse according to the storage quantity of the materials required by the advantage, and store the materials required by the advantage in the area close to the warehouse entrance;

[0027] c. Re-plan the storage area for different materials in the warehouse according to the storage quantity of materials required by the advantage, add shelves in the storage area of ​​materials required by the advantage and arrange them reasonably so that the materials can be stacked in three dimensions.

[0028] Furthermore, in step S2, the mathematical model of cargo space allocation with the minimum cost is as follows:

[0029] MinQ=∑xi*Qi

[0030] stQi≥Li(1+γi)*Di(1+α)

[0031] Qi≥0i*(1+β)

[0032] i=1,2,3,...,41, where:

[0033] Qi——the number of storage locations for material i, in standard containers, i=1,2,…,41;

[0034] Di——Monthly demand for material i, in standard containers, i=1,2,…,41;

[0035] Li——the lead time of material i, including procurement, production, transportation, inspection and warehousing, in months, i=1,2,…,41;

[0036] Oi——the maximum single shipment quantity of material i, in standard containers, i=1,2,…,41;

[0037] αi——average demand uncertainty coefficient of material i, in percentage, i=1,2,…,41;

[0038] βi——Uncertainty coefficient of shipment volume of material i, expressed as a percentage, i=1,2,…,41;

[0039] γi——average demand uncertainty coefficient of material i, expressed as a percentage, i=1,2,…,41;

[0040] xi——weight coefficient of material i, i=1,2,…,41.

[0041] Furthermore, in step S5, the configuration and selection of automated handling equipment includes:

[0042] Carry out shelf selection, stacker selection, trolley selection, four-way vehicle selection, automatic container selection, AGV automatic forklift selection, and finally calculate and summarize the usage data of each device through the equipment monitoring and statistical module to upload it to obtain utilization data, and then adjust the layout quantity of automated handling equipment in each area of ​​the warehouse.

[0043] Furthermore, in step S1, the calculation of the material quantity required for the production plan takes into account the product's manufacturing time, order quantity, safety stock, and defect rate.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] The present invention proposes an automated stereoscopic warehouse design method, which optimizes and selects the optimal warehouse cargo space quantity allocation plan by analyzing the material demand of the warehouse and combining the mathematical model of cargo space allocation with the lowest cost, so as to maximize the utilization rate of warehouse shelves; rationally plans the layout of the warehouse, improves the supply chain management, and improves the logistics operation efficiency and reduces the storage cost through automatic control by computers, so as to avoid the inefficiency or bottleneck of the warehouse after construction, thereby affecting the normal operation of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the material requirement planning process of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a mathematical model for allocating cargo space with minimum cost according to the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 This is the architecture diagram of the warehouse automatic management system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In order to solve the problem that many warehouses are built blindly without comprehensive planning, resulting in low efficiency or bottlenecks after construction, thus affecting the normal operation of the system or causing waste of resources, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 , provide the following preferred technical solutions:

[0052] An automated stereo library design method comprises the following implementation steps:

[0053] S1: Material demand analysis, using computers and warehouse automatic management systems to calculate and analyze product production plans, generate material demand trend charts and actual material consumption trend charts, and compare the two to determine changes in material demand;

[0054] S2: Optimize the allocation of cargo space quantity, based on the mathematical model of cargo space allocation with minimum cost, to obtain the lowest cargo space allocation plan under different assumptions;

[0055] S3: Obtain the optimal storage location plan for the warehouse. After obtaining the minimum storage location allocation plan for each warehouse, propose the optimal storage location plan for the warehouse according to the demand;

[0056] S4: Obtain the warehouse construction plan and set up automated handling equipment in the warehouse according to the plan;

[0057] S5: warehouse facility selection and estimation, after determining the number of automated handling equipment, the warehouse construction plan data is imported into the computer to generate data for establishing the warehouse construction cost account;

[0058] S6: Economic analysis, based on the warehouse automatic management system, calculate and analyze the construction cost, operation and maintenance cost and service life, and adjust the warehouse's investment and operation direction through changes in the warehouse's economic analysis.

[0059] The warehouse automatic management system stores the operation data and warehouse construction data of the warehouse after establishment through the warehouse item management database and the warehouse construction database respectively.

[0060] The item scanning and registration module is used to scan and identify the type and quantity of items after weighing and determining the weight, register the incoming and outgoing data of the items, and upload the item data for storage;

[0061] The equipment monitoring and statistics module is used to calculate and count the usage data of the automated handling equipment in the warehouse through computer vision and image processing technology with the help of warehouse cameras, and upload the statistical data for storage;

[0062] The calculation and analysis module is used to calculate the warehouse construction cost and perform real-time profit calculation statistics on the shipment data of warehouse items. On this basis, it analyzes and evaluates the warehouse operation and maintenance costs and the service life of the warehouse, as well as performs data calculation and analysis when adjusting warehouse planning;

[0063] The optimization and adjustment module is used to optimize the distribution of warehouse automated handling equipment, warehouse storage area planning and design, and storage item planning and design, and generate corresponding guidance adjustment plans.

[0064] In step S1, the calculation of the material quantity required for production planning takes into account the product's manufacturing time, order quantity, safety stock, and defect rate.

[0065] In step S2, the mathematical model of cargo space allocation with minimum cost is as follows:

[0066] MinQ=∑xi*Qi

[0067] stQi≥Li(1+γi)*Di(1+α)

[0068] Qi≥0i*(1+β)

[0069] i=1,2,3,...,41, where:

[0070] Qi——the number of storage locations for material i, in standard containers, i=1,2,…,41;

[0071] Di——Monthly demand for material i, in standard containers, i=1,2,…,41;

[0072] Li——the lead time of material i, including procurement, production, transportation, inspection and warehousing, in months, i=1,2,…,41;

[0073] Oi——the maximum single shipment quantity of material i, in standard containers, i=1,2,…,41;

[0074] αi——average demand uncertainty coefficient of material i, in percentage, i=1,2,…,41;

[0075] βi——Uncertainty coefficient of shipment volume of material i, expressed as a percentage, i=1,2,…,41;

[0076] γi——average demand uncertainty coefficient of material i, expressed as a percentage, i=1,2,…,41;

[0077] xi——weight coefficient of material i, i=1,2,…,41.

[0078] In step S2, the optimization method for the allocation of cargo locations is as follows:

[0079] (1) To facilitate entry and exit, items must be stored facing the aisle;

[0080] (2) Stack as high as possible to improve storage efficiency;

[0081] (3) Place items with high “shipping” frequency close to the customer, and items with low “shipping” frequency far away;

[0082] (4) “Heavy goods” are placed nearby, and “light goods” are placed far away:

[0083] (5) "Large cargo" is placed nearby, and "small cargo" is placed far away;

[0084] (6) "General items" are placed on the lower level, and "valuable items" are placed on the upper level;

[0085] (7) “Heavy goods” are placed on the lower level, and “light goods” are placed on the upper level;

[0086] (8) "Large cargo" is placed on the lower level, and "small cargo" is placed on the upper level;

[0087] (9) Speed ​​up turnover and implement first-in, first-out.

[0088] Specifically, through economic analysis of warehouse material demand, we find patterns to predict customer demand types and quantities, and then use computers to use the lowest-cost cargo space allocation mathematical model to calculate the lowest cargo space allocation plan under each hypothetical scenario. According to the optimized cargo space allocation plan, we build an automated three-dimensional warehouse, thereby selecting the best cargo space allocation plan, so as to reasonably arrange and place customer demand items, reasonably allocate the placement of warehouse items, and facilitate the smooth and timely transportation and delivery of items by staff, so as to maximize the utilization rate of warehouse shelves and avoid the problem of waste of warehouse space.

[0089] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, in order to improve the logistics operation efficiency of the warehouse, the following preferred technical solutions are provided:

[0090] The optimization and adjustment of warehouse storage area planning and design includes the following implementation steps:

[0091] (1) Determine the warehouse capacity based on the warehouse construction plan data, reasonably divide the storage area structure of the warehouse, and place items of different types or in different states in different areas;

[0092] (2) Determine the required storage area based on the type, quantity and size of the stored items, ensure storage usage requirements, and calculate the maximum utilization plan for the warehouse;

[0093] (3) Determine the type and model of shelves required according to the items to be stored, place them in the corresponding storage area, and design the layout of the shelves in a reasonable manner;

[0094] (4) According to the adjustment of the area of ​​the storage area and the change of the number of items stored in the area, the distribution quantity of the automated handling equipment in the storage area shall be adjusted.

[0095] When allocating and adjusting the automated handling equipment in the material storage area, the calculation and analysis module is used to calculate and evaluate the advantageous storage materials in the next stage, and after optimizing and adjusting the storage quantity and storage area of ​​the advantageous storage materials, the quantity distribution of automated handling equipment in each material storage partition is determined, and the advantageous required materials in the area with a small material shipment quantity are appropriately allocated and moved to the storage area of ​​the advantageous required materials.

[0096] The planning, design and optimization of storage items include the following implementation steps:

[0097] a. Based on the profit data of warehouse shipments each month, the calculation and analysis module analyzes and evaluates the materials needed for the next month, and adjusts the storage quantity and storage area of ​​the materials required to increase the advantage;

[0098] b. Re-plan the material storage partition structure of the warehouse according to the storage quantity of the materials required by the advantage, and store the materials required by the advantage in the area close to the warehouse entrance;

[0099] c. Re-plan the storage area for different materials in the warehouse according to the storage quantity of materials required by the advantage, add shelves in the storage area of ​​materials required by the advantage and arrange them reasonably so that the materials can be stacked in three dimensions.

[0100] In step S5, the configuration and selection of automated handling equipment includes:

[0101] Carry out shelf selection, stacker selection, trolley selection, four-way vehicle selection, automatic container selection, AGV automatic forklift selection, and finally calculate and summarize the usage data of each device through the equipment monitoring and statistical module to upload it to obtain utilization data, and then adjust the layout quantity of automated handling equipment in each area of ​​the warehouse.

[0102] In addition, the warehouse location is determined based on the following principles:

[0103] First, it is convenient for items to be brought in and out of the operation;

[0104] Second, ensure smooth logistics and reduce handling waste;

[0105] Third, ensure the safety of items and keep them away from dangerous areas such as open flames and high temperatures;

[0106] Fourth, similar warehouses should be centralized as much as possible to facilitate management;

[0107] Fifth, when two or more warehouses of the same type are determined to be established to meet the first three principles, they should be set up separately.

[0108] Specifically, after determining the location of the warehouse, the calculation analysis module and the optimization adjustment module are used to automatically generate an optimization adjustment plan for the warehouse, reasonably allocate the warehouse area, set up shelves to store the required items and install automated conveying equipment, and combine computer-controlled stackers, mother-and-child vehicles, four-way vehicles, automatic containers and AGV automatic forklifts to automatically allocate and move items on the warehouse shelves, reasonably plan the layout of the warehouse, improve supply chain management, and use computer automatic control to improve logistics operation efficiency, reduce storage costs, and be convenient and practical.

[0109] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0110] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automated stereo library design method, characterized in that: The implementation steps include: S1: Material demand analysis, using computers and warehouse automatic management systems to calculate and analyze product production plans, generate material demand trend charts and actual material consumption trend charts, and compare the two to determine changes in material demand; S2: Optimize the allocation of cargo space quantity, based on the mathematical model of cargo space allocation with minimum cost, to obtain the lowest cargo space allocation plan under different assumptions; S3: Obtain the optimal storage location plan for the warehouse. After obtaining the minimum storage location allocation plan for each warehouse, propose the optimal storage location plan for the warehouse according to the demand; S4: Obtain the warehouse construction plan and set up automated handling equipment in the warehouse according to the plan; S5: Warehouse facility selection and estimation. After determining the number of automated handling equipment, the warehouse construction plan data will be imported into the computer to generate data for establishing the warehouse construction cost ledger.

2. The method for designing an automated three-dimensional library according to claim 1, characterized in that: The warehouse automatic management system stores the operation data and warehouse construction data of the warehouse after establishment through the warehouse item management database and the warehouse construction database respectively. The item scanning and registration module is used to scan and identify the type and quantity of items after weighing and determining the weight, register the incoming and outgoing data of the items, and upload the item data for storage; The equipment monitoring and statistics module is used to calculate and count the usage data of the automated handling equipment in the warehouse through computer vision and image processing technology with the help of warehouse cameras, and upload the statistical data for storage; The calculation and analysis module is used to calculate the warehouse construction cost and perform real-time profit calculation statistics on the shipment data of warehouse items. On this basis, it analyzes and evaluates the warehouse operation and maintenance costs and the service life of the warehouse, as well as performs data calculation and analysis when adjusting warehouse planning; The optimization and adjustment module is used to optimize the distribution of warehouse automated handling equipment, warehouse storage area planning and design, and storage item planning and design, and generate corresponding guidance adjustment plans.

3. The method for designing an automated stereoscopic library according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optimization and adjustment of warehouse storage area planning and design includes the following implementation steps: (1) Determine the warehouse capacity based on the warehouse construction plan data, reasonably divide the storage area structure of the warehouse, and place items of different types or in different states in different areas; (2) Determine the required storage area based on the type, quantity and size of the stored items, ensure storage usage requirements, and calculate the maximum utilization plan for the warehouse; (3) Determine the type and model of shelves required according to the items to be stored, place them in the corresponding storage area, and design the layout of the shelves in a reasonable manner; (4) According to the adjustment of the area of ​​the storage area and the change of the number of items stored in the area, the distribution quantity of the automated handling equipment in the storage area shall be adjusted.

4. The method for designing an automated stereoscopic library according to claim 3, characterized in that: When allocating and adjusting the automated handling equipment in the material storage area, the calculation and analysis module is used to calculate and evaluate the advantageous storage materials in the next stage, and after optimizing and adjusting the storage quantity and storage area of ​​the advantageous storage materials, the quantity distribution of automated handling equipment in each material storage partition is determined, and the advantageous required materials in the area with a small material shipment quantity are appropriately allocated and moved to the storage area of ​​the advantageous required materials.

5. The method for designing an automated stereoscopic library according to claim 2, characterized in that: The planning, design and optimization of storage items include the following implementation steps: a. Based on the profit data of warehouse shipments each month, the calculation and analysis module analyzes and evaluates the materials needed for the next month, and adjusts the storage quantity and storage area of ​​the materials required to increase the advantage; b. Re-plan the material storage partition structure of the warehouse according to the storage quantity of the materials required by the advantage, and store the materials required by the advantage in the area close to the warehouse entrance; c. Re-plan the storage area for different materials in the warehouse according to the storage quantity of materials required by the advantage, add shelves in the storage area of ​​materials required by the advantage and arrange them reasonably so that the materials can be stacked in three dimensions.

6. The method for designing an automated stereoscopic library according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the mathematical model of cargo space allocation with minimum cost is as follows: MinQ=∑xi*Qi stQi≥Li(1+γi)*Di(1+α) Qi≥0i*(1+β) i=1,2,3,...,41, where: Qi——the number of storage locations for material i, in standard containers, i=1,2,…,41; Di——Monthly demand for material i, in standard containers, i=1,2,…,41; Li——the lead time of material i, including procurement, production, transportation, inspection and warehousing, in months, i=1,2,…,41; Oi——the maximum single shipment quantity of material i, in standard containers, i=1,2,…,41; αi——average demand uncertainty coefficient of material i, in percentage, i=1,2,…,41; βi——Uncertainty coefficient of shipment volume of material i, expressed as a percentage, i=1,2,…,41; γi——average demand uncertainty coefficient of material i, expressed as a percentage, i=1,2,…,41; xi——weight coefficient of material i, i=1,2,…,41.

7. The method for designing an automated stereoscopic library according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the configuration and selection of automated handling equipment includes: Carry out shelf selection, stacker selection, trolley selection, four-way vehicle selection, automatic container selection, AGV automatic forklift selection, and finally calculate and summarize the usage data of each device through the equipment monitoring and statistical module to upload it to obtain utilization data, and then adjust the layout quantity of automated handling equipment in each area of ​​the warehouse.

8. The method for designing an automated stereoscopic library according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the calculation of the material quantity required for production planning takes into account the product's manufacturing time, order quantity, safety stock, and defect rate.

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