Fuel cell control method and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell control method and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and the fuel cell control method comprises the following steps: when starting request data is received, obtaining a corresponding starting control mode according to the starting request data; and corresponding control strategies are executed on the electric pile, the dc-dc converter, the hydrogen equipment and the air equipment according to the corresponding starting control modes. By optimizing the low-temperature starting control strategy, the starting efficiency of the fuel cell is remarkably improved, the starting time is shortened, and the fuel cell automobile can enter a working state within a shorter time. By accurately controlling the parameters and state of the fuel cell, stable operation under different temperature and power requirements is realized, and the operation stability and reliability of the fuel cell automobile are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a fuel cell control method and a vehicle, belonging to the technical field of fuel cells. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell is a generator that converts chemical energy into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction in a fuel cell stack, rather than converting the chemical energy of the fuel into heat through combustion, and can be used to supply electricity to small electrical / electronic products, especially portable devices, as well as to supply electricity to industry, to homes, and to drive vehicles. In a fuel cell, hydrogen and oxygen react with each other to produce electrical energy. The generated electrical energy can drive a motor in a fuel cell vehicle to be used as a power source for the vehicle or can be used for a power generation function that supplies electrical energy to homes, offices, factories, etc. through an external power supply network.

[0003] At present, fuel cell vehicles face a series of problems in the operation and control process, including:

[0004] Low-temperature starting problem: Fuel cells are difficult to start in low-temperature environments, the starting time is long, and performance instability is prone to occur during the starting process. During operation, traditional fuel cell vehicles often cannot dynamically adjust the operating mode according to real-time power demand and vehicle status, resulting in low operating efficiency and high energy consumption. Insufficient safety performance: During operation, fuel cell vehicles may face safety hazards such as hydrogen leakage and battery overheating. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present invention proposes a fuel cell control method and a vehicle. Through multiple safety protection mechanisms, the present invention significantly improves the operating efficiency and energy utilization rate of fuel cell vehicles by dynamically switching operating modes and optimizing energy consumption management strategies, ensuring the safe and stable operation of fuel cell vehicles under abnormal conditions.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell control method, comprising:

[0008] When the startup request data is received, a corresponding startup control mode is obtained according to the startup request data;

[0009] According to the corresponding startup control mode, corresponding control strategies are respectively executed on the fuel cell stack, DC-DC converter, hydrogen equipment and air equipment.

[0010] Preferably, the startup control mode includes: a low-temperature startup control mode, a low-temperature switching to high-temperature control mode, and a high-temperature startup control mode.

[0011] Preferably, the corresponding control strategies are respectively executed on the fuel cell stack, the DC-DC converter, the hydrogen equipment and the air equipment according to the corresponding startup control mode, including:

[0012] When the startup control mode is a low-temperature startup control mode, the corresponding control strategy is a low-temperature startup control strategy, and the low-temperature startup control strategy includes:

[0013] Control the DC-DC converter switching power to less than 500Khz to start the air equipment and hydrogen equipment;

[0014] Acquire an actual air flow rate entering the stack, and obtain a deviation between the target and actual air flow rates according to the actual air flow rate entering the stack and a target air flow rate entering the stack;

[0015] The air compressor speed is adjusted by performing PID control adjustment according to the deviation between the target and the actual air flow and by calculating the speed limit obtained by the gain;

[0016] Adjust the output voltage of the battery stack power supply current and obtain the battery stack output target voltage, and determine whether the battery stack output target voltage reaches the target voltage:

[0017] Yes, low temperature start is completed;

[0018] If no, repeatedly perform PID control adjustment according to the deviation between the target and the actual air flow rate and adjust the air compressor speed by the speed limit obtained by calculating the gain until the target voltage is reached.

[0019] Preferably, the corresponding control strategies are respectively executed on the fuel cell stack, the DC-DC converter, the hydrogen equipment and the air equipment according to the corresponding startup control mode, including:

[0020] When the startup control mode is a low temperature switching high temperature control mode, the corresponding control strategy is a low temperature switching high temperature control strategy, and the low temperature switching high temperature control strategy includes:

[0021] Get the output current of the battery stack to determine whether it is less than or equal to the calibration value:

[0022] Yes, proceed to the next step;

[0023] No, control the output current of the battery stack to decrease until it is less than or equal to the calibration value and then proceed to the next step;

[0024] Acquire an actual air flow rate entering the stack, and obtain a deviation between the target and actual air flow rates according to the actual air flow rate entering the stack and a target air flow rate entering the stack;

[0025] The air compressor speed is adjusted by performing PID control adjustment according to the deviation between the target and the actual air flow and by calculating the speed limit obtained by the gain;

[0026] Get the air metering ratio of the stack and determine whether it reaches the target value:

[0027] Yes, proceed to the next step;

[0028] If no, readjust the speed of the air compressor until it reaches the target value and then proceed to the next step;

[0029] The real-time power demand of the whole vehicle and the real-time fuel cell parameters are obtained, and the real-time stack output is adjusted according to the real-time power demand of the whole vehicle until the high-temperature operation model is stable.

[0030] Preferably, the corresponding control strategies are respectively executed on the fuel cell stack, the DC-DC converter, the hydrogen equipment and the air equipment according to the corresponding startup control mode, including:

[0031] When the startup control mode is a high-temperature startup control mode, the corresponding control strategy is a high-temperature startup control strategy, and the high-temperature startup control strategy includes:

[0032] Obtaining fuel cell parameters, wherein the key parameters of the fuel cell system include at least: stack temperature, coolant temperature, flow and pressure of air and hydrogen, and stack output voltage and current;

[0033] The switching power of the DC-DC converter is controlled to be less than 2Mhz, and the output voltage and current of the fuel cell stack are accurately adjusted using a PID control algorithm. The pressure range to which the hydrogen inlet pressure belongs is determined based on the hydrogen inlet pressure value, and the corresponding optimal power adjustment strategy is executed based on the pressure range.

[0034] Preferably, the pressure interval includes: a low pressure interval, a medium pressure interval and a high pressure interval.

[0035] Preferably, executing the corresponding optimal power regulation strategy according to the pressure range includes:

[0036] When the pressure interval is a low pressure interval, the optimal power regulation strategy includes: reducing the output power of the fuel cell stack and increasing the output power of the power battery;

[0037] When the pressure interval is a medium pressure interval, the optimal power regulation strategy includes: regulating the output power of the fuel cell stack and regulating the output power of the power battery;

[0038] When the pressure interval is a high pressure interval, the optimal power regulation strategy includes: adjusting the maximum output power of the fuel cell stack and reducing the output of the power battery.

[0039] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell control device, comprising:

[0040] A receiving module, configured to obtain a corresponding startup control mode according to the startup request data when the startup request data is received;

[0041] The execution module is used to execute corresponding control strategies on the fuel cell stack, DC-DC converter, hydrogen equipment and air equipment according to the corresponding startup control mode.

[0042] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle, comprising:

[0043] one or more processors;

[0044] a memory for storing the one or more processor-executable instructions;

[0045] Wherein, the one or more processors are configured to:

[0046] Execute the method described in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium is provided. When instructions in the storage medium are executed by a processor of a terminal, the terminal is enabled to execute the method described in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] According to a fifth aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, an application product is provided. When the application product is running on a terminal, the terminal executes the method described in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] The present invention provides a fuel cell control method and a vehicle, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0050] Improved starting efficiency: By optimizing the low-temperature starting control strategy, the present invention significantly improves the starting efficiency of the fuel cell, shortens the starting time, and enables the fuel cell vehicle to enter the working state in a shorter time.

[0051] Improve operational stability: The present invention achieves smooth operation under different temperatures and power requirements by precisely controlling the parameters and states of the fuel cell, thereby improving the operational stability and reliability of fuel cell vehicles.

[0052] Optimizing energy utilization: By adjusting fuel cell parameters in real time, the present invention can ensure that the fuel cell is always in the best working state, thereby optimizing energy utilization and improving the cruising range and energy efficiency of fuel cell vehicles.

[0053] Enhanced safety: The design of multiple safety protection mechanisms enables the present invention to respond quickly in abnormal situations and take necessary control measures, thereby enhancing the safety of fuel cell vehicles.

[0054] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart of a fuel cell control method according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0056] Figure 2 It is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a fuel cell control device according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0057] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic block diagram of a vehicle structure according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0060] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0061] An embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell control method implemented by a terminal, and the terminal at least includes a CPU and the like.

[0062] Embodiment 1: Figure 1A fuel cell control method according to an exemplary embodiment includes:

[0063] Step 101, when the start request data is received, the corresponding start control mode is obtained according to the start request data, and the specific contents are as follows:

[0064] When the start request data is received, a corresponding start control mode is obtained according to the start request data, and the start control mode includes: a low-temperature start control mode, a low-temperature switching high-temperature control mode and a high-temperature start control mode.

[0065] Step 103, according to the corresponding startup control mode, respectively execute corresponding control strategies for the fuel cell stack, DC-DC converter, hydrogen equipment and air equipment, the specific contents are as follows:

[0066] When the start control mode is the low temperature start control mode, the corresponding control strategy is the low temperature start control strategy, which includes the following steps:

[0067] Make sure the main power switch of the system or equipment is in the off state to avoid long-term standby in a low-temperature environment, which may cause the circuit components to harden. For on-board fuel cell systems, the controller will control the DC-DC converter to a lower switching frequency to reduce heat generation, and start the air equipment and hydrogen equipment to preheat the system. For traditional internal combustion engine vehicles, steam preheating or directly injecting boiling water or hot water into the radiator can be used to increase the engine temperature. During the preheating of the equipment or system, perform a system check to ensure that all components are working properly. Pay special attention to the status of circuit components and lubrication systems. When the system is preheated and the system is checked, you can start the equipment. For on-board fuel cell systems, after the controller recognizes the conditions that require low-temperature startup, it starts to implement the low-temperature startup control strategy.

[0068] Control the DC-DC converter switching power to less than 500Khz to reduce heat generation and potential electromagnetic interference during startup. Start the air equipment and hydrogen equipment, obtain the actual air flow entering the stack, and obtain the deviation between the target and actual air flow according to the actual air flow entering the stack and the target air flow entering the stack. Perform PID control adjustment based on the deviation between the target and actual air flow, and adjust the air compressor speed by calculating the speed limit obtained by the gain. Adjust the output voltage of the stack power supply current and obtain the stack output target voltage, and determine whether the stack output target voltage reaches the target voltage:

[0069] Yes, low temperature start is completed;

[0070] If no, repeatedly perform PID control adjustment according to the deviation between the target and the actual air flow rate and adjust the air compressor speed by the speed limit obtained by calculating the gain until the target voltage is reached.

[0071] When the startup control mode is the low temperature switching high temperature control mode, the corresponding control strategy is the low temperature switching high temperature control strategy, and the low temperature switching high temperature control strategy includes the following steps:

[0072] Get the output current of the battery stack to determine whether it is less than or equal to the calibration value:

[0073] Yes, proceed to the next step;

[0074] No, control the output current of the battery stack to decrease until it is less than or equal to the calibration value and then proceed to the next step;

[0075] Get the actual air flow rate into the stack, and get the deviation between the target and actual air flow rates based on the actual air flow rate into the stack and the target air flow rate into the stack. Adjust the PID control based on the deviation between the target and actual air flow rates, and adjust the air compressor speed based on the speed limit obtained by calculating the gain. Get the air metering ratio into the stack, and determine whether it reaches the target value:

[0076] Yes, proceed to the next step;

[0077] If no, readjust the speed of the air compressor until it reaches the target value and then proceed to the next step;

[0078] The real-time power demand of the whole vehicle and the real-time fuel cell parameters are obtained, and the real-time stack output is adjusted according to the real-time power demand of the whole vehicle until the high-temperature operation model is stable.

[0079] During the switching process, it is necessary to ensure that the adjustment of various parameters is smooth to avoid excessive fluctuations that may impact the system. Special attention should be paid to the safety of the system to ensure that all operations are carried out within a safe range. It is also necessary to pay attention to the operating efficiency and stability of the system to ensure that the fuel cell system can output electrical energy efficiently and stably.

[0080] When the startup control mode is the high temperature startup control mode, the corresponding control strategy is the high temperature startup control strategy, which includes the following steps:

[0081] Obtaining fuel cell parameters, wherein the key parameters of the fuel cell system include at least: stack temperature, coolant temperature, flow and pressure of air and hydrogen, and stack output voltage and current;

[0082] The DC-DC converter switching power is controlled to be less than 2Mhz, and the PID control algorithm is used to accurately adjust the output voltage and current of the fuel cell stack. The pressure range to which the hydrogen inlet pressure belongs is determined according to the hydrogen inlet pressure value, and the corresponding optimal power adjustment strategy is executed according to the pressure range. The pressure range includes: low pressure range, medium pressure range and high pressure range. This real-time adjustment strategy enables the fuel cell to always maintain the best working state and improve energy utilization.

[0083] The above-mentioned optimal power adjustment strategy is executed according to the pressure range. The specific steps are as follows:

[0084] When the pressure interval is a low pressure interval, the optimal power regulation strategy includes: reducing the output power of the fuel cell stack and increasing the output power of the power battery; the low pressure interval refers to a system with a pressure less than or equal to 0.5 bar (ie 50 kPa).

[0085] When the pressure range is the medium pressure range, the optimal power regulation strategy includes: adjusting the output power of the fuel cell stack and adjusting the output power of the power battery; the medium pressure range refers to the system with a pressure between 0.5 bar and 1.5 bar, that is, 50 kPa to 150 kPa. This pressure range is suitable for a variety of application scenarios and can meet the fuel cell systems with different power requirements.

[0086] When the pressure range is a high pressure range, the optimal power regulation strategy includes: adjusting the maximum output power of the fuel cell stack and reducing the output of the power battery. The high pressure range depends on the specific system and application scenario. In practical applications, the appropriate pressure range should be determined based on the specific fuel cell type, design parameters, safety requirements and manufacturer's specifications.

[0087] This embodiment also includes monitoring the state of the fuel cell stack: continuously monitoring the temperature, voltage, current and other key parameters of the fuel cell stack to evaluate its working state. Determine whether it is in the best working state: determine whether the fuel cell system is in the best working state based on the monitored data. If not, adjust the DC-DC converter parameters or other relevant parameters of the fuel cell system. Load management: adjust the output power of the stack in real time according to the load conditions of the entire vehicle to avoid overload operation.

[0088] Embodiment 2: Figure 2 1 is a schematic block diagram of a fuel cell control device according to an exemplary embodiment, the device comprising:

[0089] The receiving module 210 is used to obtain a corresponding startup control mode according to the startup request data when the startup request data is received;

[0090] The execution module 220 is used to execute corresponding control strategies on the fuel cell stack, the DC-DC converter, the hydrogen equipment and the air equipment according to the corresponding startup control mode.

[0091] By optimizing the low-temperature start-up control strategy, the present invention significantly improves the start-up efficiency of the fuel cell, shortens the start-up time, and enables the fuel cell vehicle to enter the working state in a shorter time. By precisely controlling the parameters and state of the fuel cell, smooth operation under different temperatures and power requirements is achieved, and the operating stability and reliability of the fuel cell vehicle are improved. By adjusting the fuel cell parameters in real time, the present invention can ensure that the fuel cell is always in the best working state, thereby optimizing energy utilization and improving the cruising range and energy efficiency of the fuel cell vehicle. The design of multiple safety protection mechanisms enables the present invention to respond quickly in abnormal situations and take necessary control measures, thereby enhancing the safety of fuel cell vehicles.

[0092] Embodiment three: Figure 3 300 is a block diagram of a vehicle 300 provided in an embodiment of the present application. For example, the vehicle 300 may be a hybrid vehicle, a non-hybrid vehicle, an electric vehicle, a fuel cell vehicle, or other types of vehicles. The vehicle 300 may be an autonomous vehicle, a semi-autonomous vehicle, or a non-autonomous vehicle. The vehicle 300 may also be equipped with a brake-by-wire system.

[0093] Reference Figure 3 , the vehicle 300 may include various subsystems, for example, an infotainment system 310, a perception system 320, a decision control system 330, a drive system 340, and a computing platform 350. The vehicle 300 may also include more or fewer subsystems, and each subsystem may include multiple components. In addition, each subsystem and each component of the vehicle 300 may be interconnected by wire or wireless means.

[0094] In some embodiments, the infotainment system 310 may include a communication system, an entertainment system, and a navigation system, among others.

[0095] The perception system 320 may include several sensors for sensing information about the environment around the vehicle 300. For example, the perception system 320 may include a global positioning system (the global positioning system may be a GPS system, or a Beidou system or other positioning systems), an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a laser radar, a millimeter wave radar, an ultrasonic radar, and a camera.

[0096] The decision control system 330 may include a computing system, a vehicle controller, a steering system, a throttle, and a braking system.

[0097] The drive system 340 may include components that provide power movement for the vehicle 300. In one embodiment, the drive system 340 may include an engine, an energy source, a transmission system, and wheels. The engine may be one or a combination of an internal combustion engine, an electric motor, and an air compression engine. The engine is capable of converting energy provided by the energy source into mechanical energy.

[0098] Some or all functions of the vehicle 300 are controlled by a computing platform 350. The computing platform 350 may include at least one processor 351 and a memory 352, and the processor 351 may execute instructions 353 stored in the memory 352.

[0099] The processor 351 may be any conventional processor, such as a commercially available CPU. The processor may also include a graphics processor (Graphic Process Unit, GPU), a field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), a system on chip (System on Chip, SOC), an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC) or a combination thereof.

[0100] The memory 352 may be implemented by any type of volatile or nonvolatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.

[0101] In addition to instructions 353 , memory 352 may also store data, such as road maps, route information, vehicle location, direction, speed, etc. The data stored in memory 352 may be used by computing platform 350 .

[0102] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the processor 351 may execute the instruction 353 to complete all or part of the steps of the above-mentioned fuel cell control method.

[0103] Embodiment 4: In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, a fuel cell control method provided in all the inventive embodiments of the present application is implemented.

[0104] Any combination of one or more computer-readable media may be used. A computer-readable medium may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this document, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that may be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device, or device.

[0105] Computer-readable signal media may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries a computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above. Computer-readable signal media may also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which may send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0106] Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0107] Computer program code for performing the operations of the present invention may be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a separate software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0108] Embodiment 5: In an exemplary embodiment, an application product is also provided, including one or more instructions, and the one or more instructions can be executed by the processor 351 of the above-mentioned device to complete the above-mentioned fuel cell control method.

[0109] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily realized. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described here.

Claims

1. A fuel cell control method, characterized in that: include: When the startup request data is received, a corresponding startup control mode is obtained according to the startup request data; According to the corresponding startup control mode, corresponding control strategies are respectively executed on the fuel cell stack, DC-DC converter, hydrogen equipment and air equipment.

2. A fuel cell control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The startup control modes include: a low-temperature startup control mode, a low-temperature switching to high-temperature control mode, and a high-temperature startup control mode.

3. A fuel cell control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The executing corresponding control strategies on the fuel cell stack, the DC-DC converter, the hydrogen equipment and the air equipment respectively according to the corresponding startup control mode includes: When the startup control mode is a low-temperature startup control mode, the corresponding control strategy is a low-temperature startup control strategy, and the low-temperature startup control strategy includes: Control the DC-DC converter switching power to less than 500Khz to start the air equipment and hydrogen equipment; Acquire an actual air flow rate entering the stack, and obtain a deviation between the target and actual air flow rates according to the actual air flow rate entering the stack and a target air flow rate entering the stack; The air compressor speed is adjusted by performing PID control adjustment according to the deviation between the target and the actual air flow and by calculating the speed limit obtained by the gain; Adjust the output voltage of the stack power supply current and obtain the stack output target voltage, and determine whether the stack output target voltage reaches the target voltage: Yes, low temperature start is completed; If no, repeatedly perform PID control adjustment according to the deviation between the target and the actual air flow rate and adjust the air compressor speed by the speed limit obtained by calculating the gain until the target voltage is reached.

4. A fuel cell control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The executing corresponding control strategies on the fuel cell stack, the DC-DC converter, the hydrogen equipment and the air equipment respectively according to the corresponding startup control mode includes: When the startup control mode is a low temperature switching high temperature control mode, the corresponding control strategy is a low temperature switching high temperature control strategy, and the low temperature switching high temperature control strategy includes: Get the output current of the battery stack to determine whether it is less than or equal to the calibration value: Yes, proceed to the next step; No, control the output current of the battery stack to decrease until it is less than or equal to the calibration value and then proceed to the next step; Acquire an actual air flow rate entering the stack, and obtain a deviation between the target and actual air flow rates according to the actual air flow rate entering the stack and a target air flow rate entering the stack; The air compressor speed is adjusted by performing PID control adjustment according to the deviation between the target and the actual air flow and by calculating the speed limit obtained by the gain; Get the air metering ratio of the stack and determine whether it reaches the target value: Yes, proceed to the next step; If no, readjust the speed of the air compressor until it reaches the target value and then proceed to the next step; The real-time power demand of the whole vehicle and the real-time fuel cell parameters are obtained, and the real-time stack output is adjusted according to the real-time power demand of the whole vehicle until the high-temperature operation model is stable.

5. A fuel cell control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The executing corresponding control strategies on the fuel cell stack, the DC-DC converter, the hydrogen equipment and the air equipment respectively according to the corresponding startup control mode includes: When the startup control mode is a high temperature startup control mode, the corresponding control strategy is a high temperature startup control strategy, and the high temperature startup control strategy includes: Obtaining fuel cell parameters, wherein the key parameters of the fuel cell system include at least: stack temperature, coolant temperature, flow and pressure of air and hydrogen, and stack output voltage and current; The switching power of the DC-DC converter is controlled to be less than 2Mhz, and the output voltage and current of the fuel cell stack are accurately adjusted using a PID control algorithm. The pressure range to which the hydrogen inlet pressure belongs is determined based on the hydrogen inlet pressure value, and the corresponding optimal power adjustment strategy is executed based on the pressure range.

6. A fuel cell control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure intervals include: a low pressure interval, a medium pressure interval and a high pressure interval.

7. A fuel cell control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The executing the corresponding optimal power regulation strategy according to the pressure range includes: When the pressure interval is a low pressure interval, the optimal power regulation strategy includes: reducing the output power of the fuel cell stack and increasing the output power of the power battery; When the pressure interval is a medium pressure interval, the optimal power regulation strategy includes: regulating the output power of the fuel cell stack and regulating the output power of the power battery; When the pressure interval is a high pressure interval, the optimal power regulation strategy includes: adjusting the maximum output power of the fuel cell stack and reducing the output of the power battery.

8. A fuel cell control device, characterized in that: include: A receiving module, configured to obtain a corresponding startup control mode according to the startup request data when the startup request data is received; An execution module is used to execute corresponding control strategies on the fuel cell stack, DC-DC converter, hydrogen equipment and air equipment respectively according to the corresponding startup control mode.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; Wherein, the processor is configured to execute the steps of the fuel cell control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the fuel cell control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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