Antenna and wireless device

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna and wireless equipment, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication. The antenna comprises an annular unit, a feed network and a feed point. The number of the annular units is one or more, the number of the feeding points is more than one, the feeding points are arranged on the annular units, and the annular units with two feeding points are arranged; the plurality of feed points are electrically connected with the feed network, and the feed network is used for adjusting the amplitude and phase of the current output to each feed point. According to the invention, the beam width of the antenna can be adjusted through the amplitude and phase of the current fed to each feed point by the feed network, so that the beam width of the antenna is variable, and in the application, the coverage blind area can be reduced, and the same-frequency AP interference can be weakened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of wireless communications, and in particular to an antenna and a wireless device. Background Art

[0002] In larger areas such as offices, shopping malls, stadiums and parks, WiFi signal coverage is usually provided by WiFi access points (APs).

[0003] For example, in some large indoor scenarios, multiple APs are generally installed on the ceiling. The coverage of each AP is determined by the AP's hanging height and antenna beam angle. Generally, the AP's antenna beam angle is fixed, so when the hanging height is determined, the coverage range remains unchanged.

[0004] However, due to the large differences in various building structures, APs are prone to large coverage blind spots or severe interference from APs on the same frequency during application. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present disclosure provides an antenna and a wireless device, which can solve the problem that AP in the related art is prone to large coverage blind areas or severe interference with APs in the same frequency during application. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In one aspect, an antenna is provided, the antenna comprising a loop unit, a feeding network and a feeding point;

[0007] The number of the annular units is one or more, the number of the feeding points is multiple, the feeding points are arranged on the annular units, and there is an annular unit arranged with two feeding points;

[0008] The plurality of feeding points are all electrically connected to the feeding network, and the feeding network is used to adjust the amplitude and phase of the current supplied to each feeding point.

[0009] The feeding network is composed of feeding devices, which are used to feed the annular unit. The feeding device can be a power divider, a switch device, or a power divider and a switch device. In this embodiment, the feeding network is not limited to the feeding devices that the feeding network is composed of, and the current amplitude and phase fed to the feeding point can be adjusted.

[0010] There is a ring-shaped unit arranged with two feeding points. For example, in a solution where the number of the ring-shaped unit is one, the number of the feeding points is two, and the two feeding points are both arranged on the ring-shaped unit.

[0011] For another example, in a scheme where there are multiple annular units, two feeding points are arranged on each annular unit. For another example, in a scheme where there are multiple annular units, one feeding point is arranged on a portion of the annular units, and two feeding points are arranged on another portion of the annular units.

[0012] In the solution disclosed in the present disclosure, the beam width of the antenna can be adjusted by the amplitude and phase of the current fed to each feeding point by the feeding network, so that the beam width of the antenna is variable. Then, in the application of the AP including the antenna, after the height and spacing are arranged, the beam width of the antenna can be adjusted through the feeding network to reduce the coverage blind area and reduce the interference between APs with the same frequency.

[0013] Moreover, since the beam width of the antenna is adjustable, the AP including the antenna can be used in scenarios where the number of users changes over time. In this scenario, during periods of high user density, the AP's operating mode can be switched to a mode with a narrower beam width, for example, switching to a directional beam mode or an anti-interference beam mode to improve communication quality. During periods of low user density, the AP's operating mode can be switched to an omnidirectional beam mode to reduce coverage blind spots.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, a circumference of the annular unit is λ, and λ is a working wavelength of the antenna.

[0015] In the solution shown in the present disclosure, the circumference of the annular unit is approximately equal to λ, so that the annular unit can radiate electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of λ. In this way, when the annular unit is fed with power, the annular unit can be stimulated to radiate electromagnetic waves of λ.

[0016] In a possible implementation, two feeding points are arranged on one ring unit;

[0017] Two feeding points located on the same annular unit are spaced apart by λ / 4 along the annular unit, wherein λ is the working wavelength of the antenna.

[0018] In the solution shown in the present disclosure, the cosine wave AC fed into the annular unit has a peak current position at the feeding point, so when the current fed into the feeding point is transmitted along the annular unit to the position of λ / 4, the current becomes 0. A current of 0 will not affect other currents, nor will it be affected by other currents, so another feeding point can be arranged when the current fed into a feeding point is transmitted to the position of 0 current.

[0019] Therefore, two feeding points can be arranged on the annular unit, and the two feeding points are spaced apart by λ / 4 along the annular unit. In this way, when one feeding point (denoted as the first feeding point) is feeding, the current fed into the other feeding point (denoted as the second feeding point) has a current value of exactly 0 when it flows through the position of the first feeding point. Therefore, the currents fed into the two feeding points are independent of each other and do not affect or interfere with each other.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner, the annular unit is an axisymmetric structure, and two feeding points arranged on the annular unit are symmetrical about the symmetry axis of the annular unit.

[0021] In the solution shown in the present disclosure, the annular unit is an axisymmetric structure, so the two feeding points can be symmetrically distributed about the symmetry axis of the annular unit. Such symmetrical distribution of the two feeding points about the symmetry axis of the annular unit is a mirror relationship, which facilitates the adjustment of the distribution ratio of the feeding.

[0022] In one possible implementation, for two feeding points arranged on the same annular unit, the feeding network is used to adjust the energy ratio fed into the two feeding points and the current phase difference between the two feeding points to adjust the direction of the resonant current on the annular unit where the two feeding points are located, wherein the direction of the resonant current on the annular unit where the two feeding points are located can vary between 0 and 360 degrees.

[0023] In a possible implementation manner, there are multiple annular units, and the multiple annular units are rotationally symmetric around the center of the antenna.

[0024] In a possible implementation manner, the number of the annular units is four.

[0025] In the solution disclosed in the present disclosure, when the number of annular units as radiating elements is relatively small, the uniformity of the antenna's directional pattern is poor, and the uniformity of the signal strength in the signal coverage area is poor, and the signal strength in some places meets the requirements, while the signal strength in other places is relatively weak. When the number of annular units is relatively large, the size of the antenna is larger and the manufacturing cost will also increase.

[0026] Therefore, taking all factors into consideration, the number of the annular units can be four, and the four annular units are rotationally symmetrical around the center of the antenna. In this way, the uniformity of the antenna radiation pattern can be met, the size of the antenna will not be larger, and the manufacturing cost of the antenna can be controlled.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the polarization mode of the antenna includes polarization, theta polarization and linear polarization, the beam of the antenna includes an omnidirectional beam, a directional beam and an anti-interference beam;

[0028] Among them, the The polarization is a polarization mode in which the polarization direction is parallel to the horizontal plane, the θ polarization is a polarization mode in which the polarization direction is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the linear polarization is a polarization mode in which the polarization direction is along a straight line.

[0029] Among them, linear polarization includes 45 degree polarization, -45 degree polarization, x-axis polarization and y-axis polarization.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the working mode of the antenna includes: Polarized omnidirectional beam mode, linearly polarized directional beam mode, theta polarized anti-interference beam mode, and theta polarized omnidirectional beam mode;

[0031] Among them, the The polarization is a polarization mode in which the polarization direction is parallel to the horizontal plane, the θ polarization is a polarization mode in which the polarization direction is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the linear polarization is a polarization mode in which the polarization direction is along a straight line.

[0032] Among them, the linear polarization directional beam mode includes a 45-degree polarization directional beam mode, a -45-degree polarization directional beam mode, an x-axis polarization omnidirectional beam mode and a y-axis polarization omnidirectional beam mode.

[0033] In the solution shown in the present disclosure, the antenna can adjust its beam width by the amplitude and phase of the current fed to each feeding point through the feeding network, so that the antenna beam width is variable, and thus the antenna can include more working modes. Then, the wireless device including the antenna can switch different working modes in application to reduce or even avoid coverage blind spots, and reduce or even avoid interference between wireless devices with the same frequency.

[0034] Moreover, since the beam width of the antenna is adjustable, the wireless device including the antenna can be used in a scenario where the users change over time. In this scenario, during a period of time when the user density is relatively high, the working mode of the wireless device can be switched to a working mode with a relatively narrow beam width, for example, switching to a θ-polarization anti-interference beam mode to improve the communication quality. During a period of time when the user density is relatively low, the working mode of the wireless device can be switched to an omnidirectional beam mode, for example, Polarized omnidirectional beam pattern, linear polarized directional beam pattern, or theta polarized omnidirectional beam pattern to reduce coverage gaps.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the working mode of the antenna includes a θ-polarized omnidirectional beam mode,

[0036] The antenna further comprises a reflector, which is located on a mainboard of the wireless device where the antenna is located and is perpendicular to the plane where the annular unit is located, and the length of the reflector is λ / 4, where λ is the working wavelength of the antenna;

[0037] When the working mode of the antenna is the θ-polarized omnidirectional beam mode, the circuit where the reflector is located is in an on state; when the working mode of the antenna is a mode other than the θ-polarized omnidirectional beam mode, the circuit where the reflector is located is in an off state.

[0038] On the other hand, a wireless device is provided, comprising a transceiver and the antenna described above, wherein the transceiver is electrically connected to the feeding network and is used to enable the antenna to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0039] The transceiver may be a device integrating a signal transmitting function and a signal receiving function, or the transceiver may include a signal transmitter and a signal receiver.

[0040] As described above, the beam width of the antenna of the wireless device can be adjusted by the amplitude and phase of the current fed to each feeding point by the feeding network, so that the beam width of the antenna is variable. Then, in the application of the wireless device including the antenna, after the height and spacing are arranged, the beam width of the antenna can be adjusted through the feeding network to reduce or even avoid coverage blind spots, and to reduce or even avoid interference between wireless devices with the same frequency.

[0041] Moreover, since the beam width of the antenna is adjustable, the wireless device including the antenna can be used in scenarios where the number of users changes over time. In this scenario, during periods of high user density, the operating mode of the wireless device can be switched to an operating mode with a narrower beam width, for example, switching to a directional beam mode or an anti-interference beam mode to improve communication quality. During periods of low user density, the operating mode of the wireless device can be switched to an omnidirectional beam mode to reduce coverage blind spots. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional spherical coordinate provided by the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna provided by the present disclosure;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a feeding point arranged on a ring unit provided by the present disclosure, and the current fed into the feeding point is transmitted on the ring unit;

[0045] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a feeding point arranged on a ring unit provided by the present disclosure, and the current fed into the feeding point is transmitted on the ring unit;

[0046] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of a feeding point arranged on a ring unit provided by the present disclosure, and the current fed into the feeding point is transmitted on the ring unit;

[0047] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of arranging two feeding points on a ring unit provided by the present disclosure, and transmitting current fed into the two feeding points on the ring unit;

[0048] Figure 7 It is a circuit connection diagram of an antenna provided by the present disclosure;

[0049] Figure 8 It is a circuit connection diagram of an antenna provided by the present disclosure;

[0050] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of equivalent current on four annular units provided by the present disclosure;

[0051] Fig.10 This disclosure provides a Fig. 9 Under the structure, It is the 0 degree section direction diagram;

[0052] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of equivalent current on four annular units provided by the present disclosure;

[0053] Fig.12 This disclosure provides a Fig.11 Under the structure, It is the 0 degree section direction diagram;

[0054] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of equivalent current on four annular units provided by the present disclosure;

[0055] Fig.14 This disclosure provides a Fig.13 Under the structure, It is the 0 degree section direction diagram;

[0056] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of equivalent current on four annular units provided by the present disclosure;

[0057] Fig.16 This disclosure provides a Fig.15 Under the structure, It is the 0 degree section direction diagram;

[0058] Fig.17 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the arrangement relationship between an antenna circuit board and a reflector of an antenna provided by the present invention and a mainboard of a wireless device in which the antenna is located.

[0059] Legend

[0060] 1. Ring unit. 2. Feed network. 21. Power divider. 3. Feed point.

[0061] 4. Reflector. 5. Antenna circuit board. 6. Cross structure. 10. Main board. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] Although the description of the present disclosure will be introduced in conjunction with some embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this application are limited to the implementation mode. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the application in conjunction with the implementation mode is to cover other options or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the present disclosure. In order to provide an in-depth understanding of the present disclosure, the following description will include many specific details. The present disclosure can also be implemented without using these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or blurring the focus of the present disclosure, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0063] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the terms "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0064] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0065] In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of the present disclosure, such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", etc., are only reference directions of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present disclosure. "Multiple" means at least two.

[0066] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Thus, the phrases "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", "in some other embodiments", etc. appearing in different places in this specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways.

[0067] The embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna, which is an antenna of a wireless device, for example, an antenna of a wireless access point (AP), an antenna of a base station, an antenna of a router, etc. The antenna can be used to radiate electromagnetic waves, can be used to receive electromagnetic waves, or can both radiate and receive electromagnetic waves.

[0068] To facilitate the introduction of the antenna described in this embodiment, an example in which the antenna is applied in an AP may be used for illustration.

[0069] In some larger area scenarios, multiple APs are usually deployed. These APs are generally installed on the ceiling. The coverage range of each AP is determined by the AP's hanging height and antenna beam angle. Generally, the AP's antenna beam angle is fixed, so when the hanging height is determined, the coverage range remains unchanged.

[0070] However, this type of antenna with a fixed beam angle has at least the following problems.

[0071] Due to the large differences in various building structures, the heights and spacing of multiple AP deployment positions are prone to inconsistencies, and the AP antenna beam angle is fixed. In this case, it is easy to have coverage blind spots or serious interference between APs on the same frequency.

[0072] Moreover, in larger area scenarios, user density will change over time, while the antenna beam angle of the AP is fixed. Therefore, regardless of whether it is a period of time with high user density or a period of time with low user density, the signal coverage area of ​​the AP remains unchanged. In this case, when the user density is high, poor communication quality may easily occur.

[0073] This embodiment provides an antenna, which adjusts the antenna's directional pattern by adjusting the direction of the resonant current excited on its radiation unit. Therefore, in application, the antenna can adjust the antenna's directional pattern on-site according to the current application scenario to cope with the differences in application scenarios, thereby reducing the antenna's coverage blind area and reducing interference between antennas of the same-frequency AP, thereby improving the AP's communication quality.

[0074] The antenna can also adjust the antenna beam width in real time. In applications, when the user density is relatively high, the antenna working mode can be adjusted to a narrow beam mode, such as a directional beam mode and an anti-interference beam mode, and when the user density is relatively low, the antenna working mode can be adjusted to an omnidirectional beam mode. This can not only improve the antenna's flexibility, but also enhance the antenna's communication quality.

[0075] The antenna of this embodiment will be introduced below. Before introducing this solution, the terms and custom words involved will be introduced first.

[0076] Gain is a parameter used to measure the ability of an antenna to send and receive signals in a specific direction. The greater the gain of the antenna in a certain direction, the stronger its ability to send and receive signals in that direction.

[0077] The directional pattern, also called the lobe pattern because of its petal-shaped shape, is a description of the field or power as a three-dimensional spherical coordinate θ and The three-dimensional quantity of the function of . Among them, Figure 1 As shown, It is the angle of the projection line rotated counterclockwise from the x-axis to the positive z-axis in the three-dimensional spherical coordinate system. The projection line is the line between the projection P' of the point P in space on the xoy plane (i.e., the horizontal plane) and the origin O.

[0078] The main beam, also called the main lobe, is the beam within the first zero radiation direction line on both sides of the maximum radiation direction in the radiation pattern.

[0079] Beamwidth, also called main lobe width or half-power angle or half-power beamwidth, is the angle between two points in the radiation pattern where the radiation intensity decreases by a certain dB (such as 3dB or 10dB) on both sides of the maximum radiation direction of the main lobe.

[0080] The custom word, interference angle range, is the angle range corresponding to the area overlapping with the area covered by the beam width of the antenna of the same frequency. It can be understood that the area covered by the interference angle range of the antenna overlaps with the area covered by the beam width of the antenna of the same frequency.

[0081] The interference angle range of the antenna may be an angle range in which the antenna lobe pattern is greater than or equal to 60 degrees in a three-dimensional spherical coordinate system, where Figure 1As shown, θ is the angle between the line connecting point P in space and the origin O and the positive direction of the z-axis (i.e., the plumb line) in the three-dimensional spherical coordinate system.

[0082] It should be noted that when introducing antennas below, the size characteristics of antennas, such as length, width and circumference, will be mentioned. These dimensions refer to electrical lengths unless otherwise specified. Moreover, the size relationships mentioned below, such as the length is one wavelength λ, the length is λ / 4 and the spacing is λ / 4, are approximate relationships unless otherwise specified.

[0083] The structure of the antenna provided in this embodiment will be described below. Figure 2 As shown, the antenna includes an antenna circuit board 5 and a ring unit 1, wherein the ring unit 1 is located on the surface of the antenna circuit board 5, for example, it can be located on the upper surface of the antenna circuit board 5 facing away from the main board 10, or it can be located on the lower surface of the antenna circuit board 5 facing the main board 10. The main board 10 is the circuit board of the wireless device where the antenna is located.

[0084] The ring unit 1 serves as a radiation unit of the antenna, and its shape is a closed ring.

[0085] In one example, the ring of the annular unit 1 may be a circular ring or an elliptical ring. It may also be a polygonal ring, for example, a ring formed by connecting multiple sides in sequence. As an example, it may be a ring formed by connecting three sides in sequence, or it may be a ring formed by connecting four sides in sequence.

[0086] Among them, this embodiment does not limit the specific type of ring of the annular unit 1, and it can be flexibly selected in application for the convenience of introduction, and can be exemplified by a circular ring and an elliptical ring.

[0087] In one example, since the annular unit 1 is a radiation unit of the antenna, the material of the annular unit 1 is metal material, and of course it can also be plastic-plated metal material.

[0088] In one example, in order to enable the annular unit 1 to radiate electromagnetic waves with a working wavelength of λ, the circumference of the annular unit 1 can be a working wavelength λ of the antenna. The working wavelength λ of the antenna can be the wavelength at any frequency point in the working frequency band of the antenna, or the wavelength at the center frequency point of the working frequency band. In this way, when the circumference of the annular unit 1 is λ, it has the ability to generate a resonant current.

[0089] The circumference of the annular unit 1 may be the circumference of the outer ring.

[0090] In one example, regarding the number of annular units 1, the number of annular units 1 may be one or more. For example, in a solution where the number of annular units 1 is one, the center point of the annular unit 1 is the center point of the antenna. For another example, in a solution where the number of annular units 1 is multiple, the multiple annular units 1 may be rotationally symmetrical around the center of the antenna.

[0091] In one example, when the number of annular units 1 as radiating elements is relatively small, the uniformity of the antenna's directional pattern is poor, and the uniformity of the signal strength in the signal coverage area is poor, with the signal strength meeting the requirements in some places and being relatively weak in other places. When the number of annular units 1 is relatively large, the size of the antenna is larger and the manufacturing cost will also increase.

[0092] Therefore, considering comprehensively, the number of the annular units 1 can be four, such as Figure 2 As shown, the four annular units 1 are rotationally symmetrical around the center of the antenna, which can ensure the uniformity of the antenna radiation pattern without increasing the size of the antenna and can also control the manufacturing cost of the antenna.

[0093] Then, in this embodiment, four annular units 4 can be used as an example for explanation. The case where the number of annular units 4 is less or more is similar and will not be described in detail.

[0094] In one example, the four annular units 1 may not be connected to each other, but may be independently arranged on the surface of the antenna circuit board 5. Alternatively, it may be, for example Figure 2 As shown, the four ring-shaped units 1 are connected via a cross structure 6 , and the feeder line introduced into the antenna circuit board 5 can be arranged on the cross structure 6 .

[0095] In one example, if Figure 2 As shown, the annular unit 1 may be an axisymmetric structure, and the symmetry axis of the annular unit 1 passes through the center of the antenna. Figure 2 As shown, the number of the annular units 1 is four, so the four annular units 1 are rotationally symmetrical around the center of the antenna, the rotation angle is 90 degrees, and the symmetry axes of the two opposite annular units 1 are collinear. Figure 1 When the three-dimensional spherical coordinate system is shown, the two symmetry axes can be used as the x-axis and the y-axis to establish the following Figure 1 In the three-dimensional spherical coordinate system shown in FIG. 1 , the center of the antenna is the origin of the three-dimensional spherical coordinate system.

[0096] The above is an introduction to the features of the annular unit 1 . The following will introduce the arrangement of the feeding point 3 on the annular unit 1 .

[0097] In order to feed the annular unit 1 to excite the resonant current, the antenna also includes a feeding point 3, such as Figure 3As shown, the feeding point 3 is arranged on the annular unit 1. When a cosine wave AC is fed to the annular unit 1 with a circumference of λ through the feeding point 3, the resonant current excited on the annular unit 1 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it includes two symmetrically distributed transmission currents (i.e. Figure 3 ).

[0098] Since the circumference of the annular unit 1 is approximately λ, the diameter of the annular unit 1, such as the outer ring diameter, is less than λ / 2. It can be considered that the diameter of the annular unit 1 is relatively small. Therefore, the spacing between the two symmetrically distributed transmission currents is relatively small. In this case, Figure 3 As shown, these two transmission currents can be equivalent to an equivalent current passing through the center of the ring unit 1, that is, Figure 3 Indicated by the thick arrow.

[0099] It should be noted that in the following figures, the thin arrows transmitted along the annular unit 1 represent the transmission of the resonant current on the annular unit 1 at a certain moment. The thick arrows passing through the annular unit 1 in the following figures represent the equivalent current at a certain moment, which can be the equivalent of the resonant current fed into one feeding point, or the equivalent of the resonant current fed into two feeding points, for example, Figures 3 to 5 is equivalent to the resonant current fed into a feeding point, Figure 6 It is the equivalent of the resonant current fed into the two feeding points.

[0100] The direction of the equivalent current of the annular unit is related to the positive and negative positions of the feeding point 3 and the specific position of the feeding point 3 on the annular unit 1 .

[0101] For example, Figure 3 The position of the feeding point 3 and the positive and negative pole positions shown can generate an equivalent current flowing vertically upward. Figure 4 The position of the feeding point 3 and the arrangement of the positive and negative electrodes can generate an equivalent current flowing vertically downward. Figure 4 The position of the feeding point 3 and the positions of the positive and negative poles shown can generate an equivalent current flowing horizontally to the right. Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the example, although the feeding point 3 is at the same position on the ring unit 1 and the input current is of the same phase, the positive and negative poles of the access feeder are opposite, so the equivalent current direction is opposite. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The feeding point 3 shown is at a different position on the ring unit 1, so the direction of the equivalent current is different.

[0102] Once the antenna is manufactured, the position of the feeding point 3 and the positive and negative poles on the annular unit 1 are also determined and cannot be adjusted. Therefore, the equivalent current on the annular unit 1 can only change in positive and negative at different times. For example, Figure 3 The equivalent current shown will only switch between vertical upward and vertical downward, e.g. Figure 4 The equivalent current shown will also only switch between vertical upward and vertical downward, such as Figure 5 The equivalent current shown will only switch between horizontal left and horizontal right.

[0103] In order to make the direction of the equivalent current on the annular unit 1 adjustable between 0-360 degrees (including 0 degrees and 360 degrees), accordingly, according to the principle of vector superposition, two feeding points 3 can be arranged on the annular unit 1, and one feeding point 3 excites one equivalent current, then the two feeding points 3 excite two equivalent currents, and by controlling the amplitude and phase difference of the two equivalent currents, the direction of the equivalent current after the superposition of the two equivalent currents can be adjusted.

[0104] like Figure 6 As shown, two feeding points 3 are arranged on one annular unit 1. Then, the direction of the total resonant current generated by the two feeding points 3 on the annular unit 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the amplitude and phase difference of the current fed into the two feeding points 3.

[0105] In order to prevent the currents inputted from the two feeding points 3 from interfering with each other, the two feeding points 3 on the same annular unit 1 are spaced apart by λ / 4 along the annular unit 1. Thus, the currents fed into the two feeding points 3 do not interfere with each other for the following reasons.

[0106] The cosine wave AC fed into the ring unit 1 has a peak value at the feeding point 3. Then, when the current fed into the feeding point 3 is transmitted along the ring unit 1 to the position of λ / 4, the current becomes 0. Figures 3 to 5 As shown. A current of magnitude 0 will not affect other currents, nor will it be affected by other currents. Therefore, another feeding point 3 can be arranged when the current fed into a feeding point 3 is transmitted to the position of 0 current.

[0107] So, if Figure 6 As shown, two feeding points 3 can be arranged on the annular unit 1, and the two feeding points 3 are spaced apart by λ / 4 along the annular unit 1. In this way, when one feeding point 3 (recorded as the first feeding point) is feeding, the current fed into the other feeding point (recorded as the second feeding point) has a current value of exactly 0 when it flows through the position of the first feeding point. Therefore, the currents fed into the two feeding points 3 are independent of each other and do not affect or interfere with each other.

[0108] In this way, Figure 3The feed points shown and Figure 5 The feeding points shown are arranged in a ring unit 1. The two feeding points 3 are fed with currents of equal amplitude and phase, and the following can be obtained: Figure 6 The equivalent current is shown in Figure 4 He Ru Figure 5 The feeding points shown are arranged on the same annular unit 1. The two feeding points 3 are fed with currents of equal amplitude and opposite phases, and the following can be obtained: Figure 6 The equivalent current is shown.

[0109] Therefore, when adjusting Figure 6 When the energy ratio of the two feeding points and the current phase difference between the two feeding points are determined, the direction of the current on the annular unit 1 where the two feeding points are located can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the direction of the equivalent current of the annular unit 1. For example, if Figure 6 The arrangement of the two feeding points is respectively Figure 3 The feed point arrangement and Figure 5 The feeding point arrangement in is the same, then, due to Figure 3 The feeding point 3 shown in FIG. 1 can stimulate equivalent currents vertically upward and vertically downward. Figure 5 The feeding point 3 shown can stimulate equivalent currents to the left and right horizontally, so, Figure 6 The two feeding points 3 shown can stimulate equivalent currents at any angle of 0-360 degrees.

[0110] Then, in the application, the two feeding points can be adjusted (such as Figure 6 As shown, the phases of the currents fed into the first feeding point 31 and the second feeding point 32 are recorded respectively, and the equivalent current generated by the superposition of the currents fed into the two feeding points is adjusted, specifically in which quadrant, and the specific position of the equivalent current in the quadrant is regulated by adjusting the amplitudes of the currents fed into the two feeding points.

[0111] For example, when the equivalent current generated by the current fed into the first feeding point 31 is vertically upward, and the equivalent current generated by the current fed into the second feeding point 32 is horizontally to the right, the direction of the equivalent current generated by the superposition of the currents fed into the two feeding points is in the first quadrant, and if the amplitudes of the currents fed into the two feeding points are equal, the equivalent current is on the diagonal of the first quadrant. When the equivalent current generated by the current fed into the first feeding point 31 is vertically upward, and the equivalent current generated by the current fed into the second feeding point 32 is horizontally to the left, the direction of the equivalent current generated by the superposition of the currents fed into the two feeding points is in the second quadrant. When the equivalent current generated by the current fed into the first feeding point 31 is vertically downward, and the equivalent current generated by the current fed into the second feeding point 32 is horizontally to the left, the direction of the equivalent current generated by the superposition of the currents fed into the two feeding points is in the third quadrant. When the equivalent current generated by the current fed into the first feeding point 31 is directed vertically downward, and the equivalent current generated by the current fed into the second feeding point 32 is directed horizontally to the left, the direction of the equivalent current generated by the superposition of the currents fed into the two feeding points is in the fourth quadrant.

[0112] Therefore, by arranging two feeding points on the annular unit 1, the direction of the resonant current on the annular unit 1 can be directed to any direction of 0-360 degrees.

[0113] It can be seen that by arranging two feeding points 3 on a ring-shaped unit 1, the direction of the current excited on the ring-shaped unit 1 can be adjusted. Once the direction of the resonant current excited on the ring-shaped unit 1 is variable, the antenna pattern will also change. Therefore, the antenna pattern can be adjusted by adjusting the resonant current excited on the ring-shaped unit 1.

[0114] The change in the directional pattern may include a change in the beam width in the directional pattern and / or a change in the polarization mode of the directional pattern. One directional pattern of the antenna may correspond to one working mode.

[0115] In one example, a feeding point 3 may also be arranged on a single annular unit 1. For example, in a solution where there are multiple annular units 1, one feeding point 3 is arranged on a portion of the annular units 1, and two feeding points 3 are arranged on another portion of the annular units.

[0116] Therefore, the number of the annular units 1 is one or more, and the number of the feeding points 3 is plural, and one or more annular units 1 include an annular unit with two feeding points 3 arranged therein.

[0117] For example, in a solution where there is one annular unit 1, there are two feeding points 3, both of which are located on the annular unit 1. For another example, in a solution where there are multiple annular units 1, there are multiple feeding points 3, one feeding point is arranged on a part of the annular units 1, and two feeding points are arranged on another part of the annular units 1. For another example, in a solution where there are multiple annular units 1, there are multiple feeding points 3, and two feeding points 3 are arranged on each annular unit 1.

[0118] For the convenience of description, the following example may be taken as follows: there are four annular units 1 , and two feeding points 3 are arranged on each annular unit 1 .

[0119] Regarding the specific positions of the two feeding points 3 on the annular unit 1, as described above, the annular unit 1 is an axisymmetric structure, so the two feeding points 3 can be symmetrically distributed about the symmetry axis of the annular unit 1. The symmetrical distribution of the two feeding points 3 about the symmetry axis of the annular unit 1 is a mirror relationship, which is convenient for adjusting the distribution ratio of the feed.

[0120] For example, Figure 2 As shown, they are symmetrically distributed about the symmetry axis of the annular unit 1 and are spaced λ / 4 apart. There are two positions on the annular unit 1, which can be selected as follows Figure 2 As shown, two feeding points are arranged at positions relatively close to the cross structure 6 where the feeder is arranged.

[0121] The above is an introduction to the arrangement of the feeding points on the ring unit. The following will introduce the characteristics of the feeding network 2.

[0122] In order to adjust the amplitude and phase of the current at each feeding point 3, accordingly, Figure 6 As shown, the antenna further comprises a feeding network 2, and a power distributor 21 is electrically connected to the feeding point 3 for adjusting the amplitude and phase of the current supplied to each feeding point.

[0123] The feed network 2 is a circuit composed of feed devices, and the feed devices, for example, may be a power divider, or a switch device, or may include a power divider and a switch device. In this embodiment, the feed network 2 is not limited to which feed devices are specifically composed of, and it is sufficient to be able to adjust the current amplitude and phase fed to the feed point 3. For ease of introduction in this embodiment, the feed network may include a power divider as an example.

[0124] For example, for two feeding points 3 arranged on the same annular unit 1, the power divider 21 is specifically used to adjust the energy ratio fed into the two feeding points 3 (i.e., the distribution current ratio), and the current phase difference between the two feeding points 3, so as to adjust the direction of the current on the annular unit 1 where the two feeding points 3 are located, wherein the direction of the current on the annular unit 1 where the two feeding points 3 are located can vary between 0 and 360 degrees.

[0125] In one example, a power divider is a device that divides one input signal energy into two or more equal or unequal output energy. In order to enable the AP to adjust the working mode after installation and fixation, the power divider 21 can be a proportional adjustable power divider. In this way, the AP can adjust its working mode in real time according to the scene in use, thereby enhancing the application flexibility of the AP.

[0126] This antenna with adjustable working mode is applied to AP. After the AP is mounted on the ceiling and the hanging height and the distance between adjacent APs are adjusted, the amplitude and phase of the current fed into the feeding point can be adjusted through the feeding network to reduce or even avoid signal coverage blind spots and weaken or even avoid co-channel interference.

[0127] When in use, this type of AP can adjust its working mode according to changes in user density. For example, during periods of high user density, it can switch to directional beam mode to improve communication quality and enhance user experience. During periods of low user density, it can switch to omnidirectional beam mode to reduce signal coverage blind spots.

[0128] In one example, regarding the number of power dividers 21, the number may be one or more. For example, the antenna includes four annular units 1, and two feeding points 3 are arranged on each annular unit 1. Figure 7 As shown, the antenna includes eight feeding points, and the power divider 21 is a one-to-two power divider. Therefore, the number of the power dividers 21 can be four, and the two output ports of each power divider 21 are electrically connected to the two feeding points 3 respectively.

[0129] For another example, the antenna includes n ring units 1, and two feeding points 3 are arranged on each ring unit 1, such as Figure 8 As shown, the antenna includes 2n feeding points, and the power divider 21 is a one-to-two power divider. Then, the number of power dividers 21 can be n, and the two output ports of each power divider 21 are electrically connected to the two feeding points 3 respectively, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 4.

[0130] It should be noted that the two output ports of each power distributor 21 and the two feeding points 3 connected thereto may be arranged on the same annular unit 1 or on different annular units 1, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0131] It should be pointed out that all of the multiple power dividers 21 can be adjustable power dividers, or a part can be adjustable power dividers and the other part can be fixed power dividers, wherein the adjustable power divider, that is, the allocation ratio of the two output ports is adjustable, and the fixed power divider, that is, the allocation ratio of the two output ports is fixed and cannot be adjusted.

[0132] It should be noted that, in the case where the antenna includes eight feeding points 3, the number of one-to-two power dividers may be greater than eight, and in the case where the antenna includes 2n feeding points 3, the number of one-to-two power dividers may be greater than 2n. Figure 7 As shown, the input ends of the two power dividers are connected to the two output ends of the same power divider, or, alternatively, the input ends of the two power dividers are connected to the two output ends of different power dividers.

[0133] Among them, this embodiment does not limit the number of power distributors 21, does not limit whether the power distributor 21 is a one-several power distributor, and does not specifically limit whether the multiple output ports of the power distributor 21 and the connected feeding points 3 are arranged on the same annular unit 1.

[0134] The above is an introduction to the relevant features of the power divider 21. The following will introduce several working modes of the antenna.

[0135] The differences in working modes include different polarization modes and / or different beam types. Therefore, before introducing the working modes, the polarization modes and beam types of the antennas are first introduced.

[0136] Regarding the polarization mode of the antenna. Since the direction of the resonant current on the annular unit 1 can be adjusted arbitrarily, the polarization direction of the electric field is also adjustable. Therefore, the antenna can include multiple types of polarization modes, for example, polarization, theta polarization, and linear polarization.

[0137] in, Polarization is the polarization direction of electromagnetic waves, similar to Figure 1 The spherical coordinate system shown plane-parallel polarization. The plane is the horizontal plane where the origin O of the spherical coordinate system is located, so, Polarization can also be called horizontal polarization, where the polarization direction is parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0138] Among them, θ polarization is the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave, which is similar to Figure 1 The θ plane in the spherical coordinate system shown is parallel to the θ plane, which is the plane where the meridian of the spherical coordinate system is located. Figure 1As shown, the plane where the meridian is located is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, so θ polarization can also be called vertical polarization, in which the polarization direction is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0139] Among them, linear polarization is the polarization mode in which the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is along a certain straight line, where the straight line can be such as Figure 1 Any straight line in the three-dimensional spherical coordinate system shown.

[0140] For example, linear polarization may include 45 degree polarization, -45 degree polarization, x-axis polarization, y-axis polarization, and the like.

[0141] Among them, 45 degrees polarization means that the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is along Figure 1 The straight line where the 45-degree angle bisector between the x-axis and the y-axis is located (which can be recorded as the 45-degree straight line).

[0142] -45 degree polarization means that the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is along Figure 1 The straight line where the perpendicular line of the 45-degree angle bisector between the x-axis and the y-axis is located (which can be recorded as the -45-degree straight line).

[0143] Among them, x polarization is the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave, along Figure 1 The y-axis polarization is the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave, along the straight line shown in Figure 1 The straight line on which the y-axis is shown.

[0144] Regarding the beam type of the antenna, different beam types mean that the angle covered by the main beam is different. The antenna beam can include an omnidirectional beam, a directional beam, and an anti-interference beam. Usually, the relationship between the three is: the beam width of the omnidirectional beam is greater than the beam width of the anti-interference beam, which is greater than the beam width of the directional beam. For example, the beam width of the omnidirectional beam is -90 degrees to 90 degrees, the beam width of the anti-interference beam is -60 degrees to 60 degrees, and the beam width of the directional beam is -30 degrees to 30 degrees.

[0145] Regarding the working mode of the antenna, any combination of polarization mode and beam type can result in a working mode.

[0146] For example, The combination of polarization and omnidirectional beam makes the antenna's operating modes include Polarization omnidirectional beam pattern. Linear polarization and directional beam are combined to obtain linear polarization directional beam pattern. Theta polarization and anti-interference beam are combined to obtain theta polarization anti-interference beam pattern. Theta polarization and omnidirectional beam are combined to obtain theta polarization omnidirectional beam pattern.

[0147] The following is Figure 2 The scheme shown introduces the antenna consisting of There are four working modes: polarization omnidirectional beam mode, linear polarization directional beam mode, θ polarization anti-interference beam mode and θ polarization omnidirectional beam mode, but the antenna is not limited to these four working modes. The following four working modes are just examples and are also relatively common working modes.

[0148] Among them, the number of the annular units 1 is four, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the four annular units 1 can be respectively recorded as a first annular unit 1a, a second annular unit 1b, a third annular unit 1c and a fourth annular unit 1d. Two feeding points 3 are arranged on each annular unit 1, and the two feeding points 3 are spaced λ / 4 apart along the annular unit 1. Figure 6 shown.

[0149] (1) Polarized omnidirectional beam pattern.

[0150] like Fig. 9 As shown, Schematic diagram of the current distribution in the polarized omnidirectional beam mode. Fig.10 As shown, Figure 1 In the three-dimensional spherical coordinate system shown in This is the 0 degree section direction diagram.

[0151] In one example, the power divider 21 adjusts the amplitude and phase of the current at each feeding point 3 so that the direction of the equivalent current on the four annular units 1 forms a rotating distribution around the center of the antenna, wherein the rotation direction can be clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0152] For example, Fig. 9 And refer to Figure 1 As shown, the power distributor 21 can adjust the current amplitude and phase of the two feeding points 3 of the first annular unit 1a so that the direction of the equivalent current of the first annular unit 1a points to the following direction: Figure 1 Similarly, another power divider 21 can adjust the current amplitude and phase of the two feeding points 3 of the second annular unit 1b so that the direction of the equivalent current of the second annular unit 1b points to the negative direction of the x-axis in the coordinate system shown. Figure 1 Another power divider 21 can adjust the current amplitude and phase of the two feeding points 3 of the third annular unit 1c so that the direction of the equivalent current of the third annular unit 1c points to the positive direction of the y-axis in the coordinate system shown. Figure 1 Another power divider 21 can adjust the current amplitude and phase of the two feeding points 3 of the fourth annular unit 1d so that the direction of the equivalent current of the fourth annular unit 1d points to the negative direction of the y-axis in the coordinate system shown. Figure 1 The positive direction of the x-axis in the coordinate system shown.

[0153] In this way, the four equivalent currents on the four ring units 1 form the following Fig. 9 The closed loop rotates clockwise around the center of the antenna. This current distribution can make the antenna produce Fig.10 shown Polarized omnidirectional beam, so that the antenna operating mode includes Polarized omnidirectional beam pattern.

[0154] (2) Linear polarization directional beam mode.

[0155] like Fig.11 As shown in FIG. , it is a schematic diagram of the current distribution that produces a 45-degree polarization directional beam mode. Fig.12 As shown, Figure 1 In the three-dimensional spherical coordinate system shown in This is the 0 degree section direction diagram.

[0156] In one example, the power divider 21 adjusts the amplitude and phase of the current at each feeding point 3 so that the direction of the total current formed after the equivalent currents on the four annular units 1 interact with each other is along a 45-degree straight line, or along a -45-degree straight line, or along a straight line where the x-axis is located, or along a straight line where the y-axis is located.

[0157] For example, Fig.11 And refer to Figure 1 As shown, for a 45-degree polarization directional beam mode, the power divider 21 can adjust the current amplitude and phase of the two feeding points 3 of the first annular unit 1a so that the direction of the equivalent current of the first annular unit 1a points to Figure 1 Similarly, another power divider 21 can adjust the current amplitude and phase of the two feeding points 3 of the second annular unit 1b so that the direction of the equivalent current of the second annular unit 1b points to the negative direction of the x-axis in the coordinate system shown. Figure 1 Another power divider 21 can adjust the current amplitude and phase of the two feeding points 3 of the third annular unit 1c so that the direction of the equivalent current of the third annular unit 1c points to the negative direction of the y-axis in the coordinate system shown. Figure 1 Another power divider 21 can adjust the current amplitude and phase of the two feeding points 3 of the fourth annular unit 1d so that the direction of the equivalent current of the fourth annular unit 1d points to the negative direction of the y-axis in the coordinate system shown. Figure 1 The negative direction of the x-axis in the coordinate system shown.

[0158] In this way, the four equivalent currents on the four ring units 1 can form the following after interacting with each other: Fig.11 As shown in the figure, along the 45-degree straight line, the Fig.12The 45° polarization directional beam shown makes the antenna's operating mode include a 45° polarization directional beam pattern.

[0159] (3)θ polarization anti-interference beam mode.

[0160] like Fig.13 As shown in FIG. , it is a schematic diagram of the current distribution for generating the θ polarization anti-interference beam mode. Fig.14 As shown, Figure 1 In the three-dimensional spherical coordinate system shown in This is the 0 degree section direction diagram.

[0161] In one example, the power divider 21 adjusts the amplitude and phase of the current at each feeding point 3 so that the directions of the equivalent currents on the four annular units 1 are all distributed radially or convergently along the radial direction of the antenna. Fig.13 As shown, the direction of the equivalent current of the annular unit 1 is along the radial direction of the antenna and points to a direction far away from the center of the antenna. The convergent distribution means that the direction of the equivalent current of the annular unit 1 is along the radial direction of the antenna and points to the center of the antenna.

[0162] For example, Fig.13 And refer to Figure 1 As shown, the power distributor 21 can adjust the current amplitude and phase of the two feeding points 3 of the first annular unit 1a so that the direction of the equivalent current of the first annular unit 1a points to the following direction: Figure 1 Similarly, another power divider 21 can adjust the current amplitude and phase of the two feeding points 3 of the second annular unit 1b so that the direction of the equivalent current of the second annular unit 1b points to the negative direction of the y-axis in the coordinate system shown. Figure 1 Another power divider 21 can adjust the current amplitude and phase of the two feeding points 3 of the third annular unit 1c so that the direction of the equivalent current of the third annular unit 1c points to the negative direction of the x-axis in the coordinate system shown. Figure 1 Another power divider 21 can adjust the current amplitude and phase of the two feeding points 3 of the fourth annular unit 1d so that the direction of the equivalent current of the fourth annular unit 1d points to the positive direction of the x-axis in the coordinate system shown. Figure 1 The positive direction of the y-axis in the coordinate system shown.

[0163] In this way, the four equivalent currents on the four ring units 1 are distributed as follows: Fig.13 The radiating distribution shown in the figure can make the antenna produce Fig.14 The θ-polarized anti-interference beam shown, so that the working mode of the antenna includes the θ-polarized anti-interference beam pattern.

[0164] In one example, when the antenna is switched from other working modes to the anti-interference beam mode of θ polarization, the gain within the interference angle range can be quickly reduced.

[0165] For example, Fig.14 As shown in the figure, θ is in the range of -60 degrees to 60 degrees, corresponding to the coverage area of ​​the antenna, and other areas are non-coverage areas. The corresponding interference angle range is on the directional diagram. When θ is 60 degrees, the gain of the antenna is +3db, and when θ is -75 degrees, the gain of the antenna is -9db. The gain of the antenna drops by 12db, and the drop speed is relatively fast. When the antenna switches from other working modes to the anti-interference beam mode of θ polarization, the faster the gain of the antenna drops within the interference angle range, the shorter the interference time to the same frequency AP, and the better the anti-interference performance.

[0166] (4)θ-polarized omnidirectional beam pattern.

[0167] like Fig.15 As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic diagram of the current distribution that produces the θ-polarized omnidirectional beam pattern. Fig.16 As shown, Figure 1 In the three-dimensional spherical coordinate system shown in This is the 0 degree section direction diagram.

[0168] like Fig.17 As shown, the antenna further includes a reflector 4, which is located on a mainboard 10 of a wireless device where the antenna is located and is perpendicular to the plane where the multiple ring-shaped units 1 are located, wherein the length of the reflector 4 is λ / 4.

[0169] In one example, the reflector 4 can be arranged on a vertical circuit board ( Fig.17 (not shown in the figure), the top end of the vertical circuit board can be fixed to the antenna circuit board 5, the bottom end can be fixed to the main board 10, and the reflector 4 is fixed on the vertical circuit board.

[0170] In one example, the reflector 4 may be located at the center of the antenna. The circuit where the reflector 4 is located has a switch, and in other working modes, the switch is disconnected, and in the θ-polarized omnidirectional beam mode, the switch is closed, and the circuit where the reflector 4 is located is turned on.

[0171] When the circuit where the reflector 4 is located is turned on, since the length of the reflector 4 is λ / 4, a resonant current can be generated, and electromagnetic waves are radiated outward. The resonant current excited by the reflector 4 (such as Fig.15 The center circle in the middle represents the current in the reflector 4), which interacts with the resonant current excited by the four annular units 1 to produce the following Fig.16 The θ-polarized omnidirectional beam is shown, so the operating mode of the antenna includes an omnidirectional beam pattern with θ polarization.

[0172] The above are some common working modes of antennas. It should be pointed out that any of the above polarization modes can be combined with any beam type. For example, Polarization can be combined with any one of the omnidirectional beam, directional beam and anti-interference beam to obtain a working mode. θ polarization can be combined with any one of the omnidirectional beam, directional beam and anti-interference beam to obtain a working mode. Linear polarization can be combined with any one of the omnidirectional beam, directional beam and anti-interference beam to obtain a working mode. They are not listed here one by one.

[0173] It can be seen that the antenna can include multiple working modes because of its adjustable beam width. Therefore, the AP where the antenna is located can be adjusted to a suitable working mode according to the actual scenario in the application to avoid the problems of large coverage blind spots and serious interference caused by scenario differentiation.

[0174] Moreover, since the beam width of the antenna is adjustable, it can include multiple working modes and can be switched to different working modes according to actual scenarios, thereby improving the application flexibility of the antenna.

[0175] It should be pointed out that the antenna can be pre-adjusted to several working modes during processing. For example, if the above working modes are pre-stored, the AP equipped with the antenna can switch between the pre-adjusted working modes during application.

[0176] Alternatively, the AP equipped with the antenna may adjust the feeding network on-site based on the actual application scenario during application to adjust the coverage area of ​​the AP.

[0177] It should be pointed out that, since the antenna has a variety of different working modes, in order to ensure that the resonant frequencies corresponding to these working modes are the same, the size and shape of the annular unit 1 will be fine-tuned during the processing of the annular unit 1. For example, the shape of the annular unit 1 is fine-tuned, and the donut-shaped annular unit 1 is fine-tuned to an elliptical annular unit 1. For another example, the circumference of the annular unit 1 is fine-tuned, and a protruding structure is provided on the outer edge of the annular unit 1 to increase the outer circumference of the annular unit 1.

[0178] Based on the above, the beam width of the antenna can be adjusted by the amplitude and phase of the current fed to each feeding point by the feeding network, so that the beam width of the antenna is variable. Then, in the application, after the AP including the antenna is hung at a certain height and arranged at a certain distance, the beam width of the antenna can be adjusted through the feeding network to reduce or even avoid coverage blind spots, and to reduce or even avoid interference between APs with the same frequency.

[0179] Moreover, since the beam width of the antenna is adjustable, the AP including the antenna can be used in scenarios where the number of users changes over time. In this scenario, during periods of high user density, the AP's operating mode can be switched to a mode with a narrower beam width, for example, switching to a directional beam mode or an anti-interference beam mode to improve communication quality. During periods of low user density, the AP's operating mode can be switched to an omnidirectional beam mode to reduce coverage blind spots.

[0180] This embodiment also provides a wireless device, which may be an AP, and includes a transceiver and the antenna described above, wherein the transceiver is electrically connected to the feed network, and the transceiver is used to enable the antenna to transmit and receive wireless signals. The transceiver may be a device integrating a signal transmission function and a signal reception function, or the transceiver may include a signal transmitter and a signal receiver.

[0181] In one example, if Fig.17 As shown, the wireless device includes a mainboard 10, a power distributor 21 and a transceiver can be arranged on the mainboard 10, and the reflector 4 mentioned above is vertically mounted on the mainboard 10. The spacing between the antenna circuit board 5 and the mainboard 10 is approximately λ / 4.

[0182] In this embodiment, the antenna of the wireless device, as described above, can adjust its beam width through the amplitude and phase of the current fed to each feeding point by the feeding network, so that the beam width of the antenna is variable. Then, in the application of the wireless device including the antenna, after the height and spacing are arranged, the beam width of the antenna can be adjusted through the feeding network to reduce or even avoid coverage blind spots, and to reduce or even avoid interference between wireless devices with the same frequency.

[0183] Moreover, since the beam width of the antenna is adjustable, the wireless device including the antenna can be used in scenarios where the number of users changes over time. In this scenario, during periods of high user density, the operating mode of the wireless device can be switched to an operating mode with a narrower beam width, for example, switching to a directional beam mode or an anti-interference beam mode to improve communication quality. During periods of low user density, the operating mode of the wireless device can be switched to an omnidirectional beam mode to reduce coverage blind spots.

[0184] The above description is only one embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: The antenna comprises a ring unit (1), a feeding network (2) and a feeding point (3); The number of the annular units (1) is one or more, the number of the feeding points (3) is multiple, the feeding points (3) are arranged on the annular units (1), and there is an annular unit (1) arranged with two feeding points (3); The plurality of feeding points (3) are electrically connected to the feeding network (2), and the feeding network (2) is used to adjust the amplitude and phase of the current supplied to each feeding point (3).

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The circumference of the annular unit (1) is λ, and λ is the working wavelength of the antenna.

3. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Two feeding points (3) are arranged on a ring-shaped unit (1); Two feeding points (3) located on the same annular unit (1) are spaced apart by λ / 4 along the annular unit (1), wherein λ is the working wavelength of the antenna.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The annular unit (1) is an axisymmetric structure, and two feeding points (3) arranged on the annular unit (1) are symmetrical about the symmetry axis of the annular unit (1).

5. The antenna according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: For two feeding points (3) arranged on the same annular unit (1), the feeding network (2) is used to adjust the energy ratio fed into the two feeding points (3) and the current phase difference between the two feeding points (3) so as to adjust the direction of the resonant current on the annular unit (1) where the two feeding points (3) are located, wherein the direction of the resonant current on the annular unit (1) where the two feeding points (3) are located can be changed between 0 and 360 degrees.

6. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The number of the annular units (1) is multiple, and the multiple annular units (1) are rotationally symmetrical around the center of the antenna.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that The number of the annular units (1) is four.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The polarization modes of the antenna include φ polarization, θ polarization and linear polarization, and the beam of the antenna includes omnidirectional beam, directional beam and anti-interference beam; Among them, the φ polarization is a polarization mode in which the polarization direction is parallel to the horizontal plane, the θ polarization is a polarization mode in which the polarization direction is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the linear polarization is a polarization mode in which the polarization direction is along a straight line.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The antenna's operating modes include a theta polarization omnidirectional beam mode, The antenna further comprises a reflector (4), the reflector (4) being located on a mainboard (10) of the wireless device where the antenna is located and being perpendicular to the plane where the annular unit (1) is located, the length of the reflector (4) being λ / 4, where λ is the working wavelength of the antenna; When the working mode of the antenna is the θ-polarized omnidirectional beam mode, the circuit where the reflector (4) is located is in an on state; when the working mode of the antenna is a mode other than the θ-polarized omnidirectional beam mode, the circuit where the reflector (4) is located is in an off state.

10. A wireless device, characterized in that: The wireless device comprises a transceiver and the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the transceiver is electrically connected to the feeding network and is used to enable the antenna to transmit and receive wireless signals.

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