Antenna unit, antenna device, and electronic device

Abstract

The invention relates to an antenna unit, an antenna device and electronic equipment. The antenna unit comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer. The first substrate comprises a first substrate, a feed unit and a first electrode. The feed unit and the first electrode are arranged on the two opposite sides of the first substrate, and the feed unit and the first electrode are at least partially overlapped in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located. The second substrate comprises a second substrate, a radiation unit and a second electrode, the second electrode is located on the side, facing the first substrate, of the second substrate, the second electrode is electrically connected with the grounding signal end, the radiation unit is arranged on the second substrate, and the radiation unit and the second electrode are arranged in an insulated mode. The first electrode is overlapped with the radiation unit and the second electrode in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located. The liquid crystal layer is located between the first substrate and the second substrate. The radio frequency signal coupling efficiency can be effectively improved, and the performance of the antenna unit is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electromagnetic wave technology, and in particular to an antenna unit, an antenna device and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] Liquid crystal antennas are based on the anisotropy of liquid crystal molecules. They use electrical signals to control the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules, thereby changing the dielectric parameters of the RF signal of each phase shifter unit, thereby controlling the phase of the RF signal in each unit, and ultimately achieving control of the direction of the antenna radiation beam. It can be applied to satellite communications, 5G millimeter wave base stations and other scenarios.

[0003] Currently, how to improve the RF signal coupling efficiency is one of the important factors in improving the performance of liquid crystal antennas. Summary of the invention

[0004] The antenna unit, antenna device and electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application can effectively improve the coupling efficiency of radio frequency signals and improve the performance of the antenna unit.

[0005] In the first aspect, an antenna unit is proposed according to an embodiment of the present application. The antenna unit includes a first substrate, a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer. The first substrate includes a first base, a feed unit and a first electrode. The feed unit and the first electrode are arranged on two opposite sides of the first substrate, the feed unit is electrically connected to the radio frequency signal end, the first electrode is electrically connected to the control signal line, and the feed unit and the first electrode are at least partially overlapped in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located. The second substrate includes a second substrate, a radiation unit and a second electrode, the second electrode is located on the side of the second substrate facing the first substrate, the second electrode is electrically connected to the ground signal end, the radiation unit is arranged on the second substrate, and the radiation unit is insulated from the second electrode. In a direction perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the first electrode overlaps with the radiation unit and the second electrode respectively. The liquid crystal layer is located between the first substrate and the second substrate.

[0006] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna device, comprising the antenna unit as described above.

[0007] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, comprising the antenna device as described above.

[0008] According to the antenna unit, antenna device and electronic device provided by the present application, by arranging the feeding unit and the first electrode on the first substrate, the signal transmission path between the feeding unit and the first electrode can be effectively shortened, and the medium (such as the second substrate, liquid crystal, etc.) through which the radio frequency signal passes can be reduced, thereby reducing the loss of the radio frequency signal coupled from the feeding unit to the first electrode by the medium between the feeding unit and the first electrode, thereby improving the coupling efficiency of the antenna unit and improving the performance of the antenna unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] The features, advantages and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0010] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a top view structure of an antenna unit provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0011] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of AA;

[0012] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Another cross-sectional structure diagram of AA in the figure;

[0013] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Another cross-sectional structure diagram of AA in the figure;

[0014] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Another cross-sectional structure diagram of AA in the figure;

[0015] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Another cross-sectional structure diagram of AA in the figure;

[0016] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Another cross-sectional structure diagram of AA in the figure;

[0017] Figure 8 for Figure 1 Another cross-sectional structure diagram of AA in the figure;

[0018] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a top view structure of another antenna unit provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0019] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a top view structure of another antenna unit provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0020] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a top view structure of another antenna unit provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0021] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a top view structure of another antenna unit provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0022] Fig.13 for Figure 1 Another cross-sectional structure diagram of AA in the figure;

[0023] Fig.14 A schematic structural diagram of an antenna device provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0024] Marking Description:

[0025] 100. antenna unit; 200. antenna device;

[0026] 10. first substrate; 11. first base; 12. feeding unit; 121. feeding layer; 122. shielding layer; 1221. main body; 1222. protruding part; 123. fourth base; 13. first electrode; 131. first sub-electrode; 132. second sub-electrode;

[0027] 20, second substrate; 21, second base; 22, radiation unit; 221, third base; 222, radiator; 23, second electrode;

[0028] 30. Liquid crystal layer; 31. Liquid crystal; 32. Encapsulation part; 33. Conductive part; 34. Grounding part; 341. First layer structure; 342. Second layer structure; 35. Support part;

[0029] 40, first adhesive layer; 41, first adhesive portion; 50, second adhesive layer; 51, second adhesive portion; 60, feed line; 70, control signal line; 80, liquid crystal drive circuit; K1, first opening;

[0030] K2, second opening; P, phase shift unit; S1, first gap; S2, second gap;

[0031] X, the first direction; Y, the second direction; Z, the direction perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located.

[0032] In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used for the same components. The drawings are not drawn to scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below. In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain the present application, rather than to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can be implemented without the need for some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only to provide a better understanding of the present application by illustrating the examples of the present application.

[0034] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "include..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0035] Liquid crystal antennas use the optical and electrical properties of liquid crystal materials to achieve the radiation and reception of wireless signals. The feed network is a crucial part of the liquid crystal antenna. It is responsible for coupling the signal generated by an external signal source (such as a microwave signal source or a radio frequency signal source) to the electrodes inside the liquid crystal antenna, thereby driving the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules to achieve signal modulation and radiation.

[0036] In the existing liquid crystal antenna, a liquid crystal layer is arranged between the electrode to be coupled and the feeding network in the liquid crystal antenna, and the liquid crystal has a significant coupling damage to the radio frequency signal, which reduces the coupling efficiency of the radio frequency signal and degrades the performance of the liquid crystal antenna.

[0037] In order to solve the above problems, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit.

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a top-down structure of an antenna unit provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of AA.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit 100, which includes a first substrate 10, a second substrate 20 and a liquid crystal layer 30. The first substrate 10 includes a first substrate 11, a feed unit 12 and a first electrode 13. The feed unit 12 and the first electrode 13 are arranged on two opposite sides of the first substrate 11, the feed unit 12 is electrically connected to the radio frequency signal terminal, the first electrode 13 is electrically connected to the control signal line 70, and in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the feed unit 12 and the first electrode 13 at least partially overlap. The second substrate 20 includes a second substrate 21, a radiation unit 22 and a second electrode 23, the second electrode 23 is located on the side of the second substrate 21 facing the first substrate 10, the second electrode 23 is electrically connected to the ground signal terminal, the radiation unit 22 is arranged on the second substrate 21, and the radiation unit 22 is insulated from the second electrode 23. In the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the first electrode 13 overlaps with the radiation unit 22 and the second electrode 23 respectively. The liquid crystal layer 30 is located between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20.

[0040] In some optional embodiments, in the antenna unit 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 21 may be rigid boards. Of course, in some embodiments, the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 21 may also be flexible boards respectively.

[0041] In some optional embodiments, the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 21 may be a glass substrate, a polyimide (PI) substrate or a liquid crystal polymer (LCP) substrate.

[0042] The first electrode 13 is electrically connected to the control signal line 70, and the second electrode 23 is electrically connected to the ground signal terminal. An electric field can be formed between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 23, and under the action of the electric field, the liquid crystal 31 can be controlled to deflect. Optionally, the first electrode 13 is a driving electrode, and the second electrode 23 is a ground electrode.

[0043] The feeding unit 12 is used to couple the RF signal transmitted from the RF signal end to the feeding unit 12 to the first electrode 13. The RF signal in the first electrode 13 changes the phase distribution of the RF signal through the deflected liquid crystal 31, and the RF signal with changed phase distribution is radiated to the radiating unit 22, and then radiated to the outside by the radiating unit 22.

[0044] Specifically, the portion of the feed unit 12 that overlaps with the first electrode 13 can couple the RF signal in the feed unit 12 to the first electrode 13 through the first substrate 11, and the control signal line 70 provides a control signal to the first electrode 13. The liquid crystal 31 is deflected under the action of the electric field formed by the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 23, so that the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal 31 changes, and the RF signal in the first electrode 13 is phase-shifted, and the RF signal after the phase shift is radiated through the radiation unit 22. Since the first electrode 13 and the radiation unit 22 overlap, the possibility of the RF signal after the phase shift being lost by other dielectrics or even shielded by the second electrode 23 is reduced.

[0045] Optionally, the feeding unit 12 is located on a side of the first substrate 11 facing away from the second substrate 20 , and the first electrode 13 is located on a side of the first substrate 11 facing the second substrate 20 .

[0046] Optionally, in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the feed unit 12 and the first electrode 13 may be arranged to overlap. Alternatively, in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the feed unit 12 and the first electrode 13 partially overlap. Alternatively, the projection of the feed unit 12 in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located is located within the projection of the first electrode 13 in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located. Alternatively, the projection of the first electrode 13 in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located is located within the projection of the feed unit 12 in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located.

[0047] The radiation unit 22 can radiate signals and also receive signals. When the radiation unit 22 receives a radio frequency signal, the liquid crystal 31 controls the radio frequency signal to shift the phase. The phase-shifted radio frequency signal is transmitted to the radio frequency signal end via the feeding unit 12 and then outputted via the radio frequency signal end.

[0048] Optionally, in a direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, a portion of the first electrode 13 overlaps with the radiation unit 22 , and another portion of the first electrode 13 overlaps with the second electrode 23 .

[0049] Optionally, the radiation unit 22 and the second electrode 23 may be disposed on the same side of the second substrate 21 . Of course, the radiation unit 22 may also be disposed on a side of the second substrate 21 facing away from the first substrate 10 .

[0050] Optionally, the radiation unit 22 and the second electrode 23 may be insulated by an insulating layer or by the second substrate 21 .

[0051] According to the antenna unit 100 provided by the present application, by arranging the feeding unit 12 and the first electrode 13 on the first substrate 10, the signal transmission path between the feeding unit 12 and the first electrode 13 can be effectively shortened, and the medium (such as the second substrate, liquid crystal, etc.) through which the radio frequency signal passes can be reduced, thereby reducing the loss of the radio frequency signal coupled from the feeding unit 12 to the first electrode 13 by the medium between the feeding unit 12 and the first electrode 13, thereby improving the coupling efficiency of the antenna unit 100 and improving the performance of the antenna unit 100.

[0052] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Another cross-sectional structure diagram of AA.

[0053] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the feeding unit 12 is connected to the first substrate 11 through a first adhesive layer 40 .

[0054] Optionally, the material of the first adhesive layer 40 includes OCA (Optically Clear Adhesive) or OCR (Optically Clear Resin).

[0055] In the embodiment of the present application, the feed unit 12 is connected to the first substrate 11 through the first adhesive layer 40, which is beneficial to reducing the difficulty of connecting the feed unit 12 and the first substrate 11, improving the preparation yield of the feed unit 12 and the first substrate 11, and improving production efficiency.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the first adhesive layer 40 includes a plurality of first adhesive portions 41 spaced apart from each other, and in a direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate, the first adhesive portions 41 are spaced apart from the overlapping regions of the feeding unit 12 and the first electrode 13 .

[0057] The feeding unit 12 and the first electrode 13 have an overlapping area, and a projection of the first adhesive portion 41 in a direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located is spaced apart from a projection of the overlapping area in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located.

[0058] In these optional embodiments, there is a first gap S1 between the first adhesive portion 41 and the first adhesive portion 41, so that there is a first gap S1 in the first adhesive layer 40 on the signal transmission path, and the signal transmission path does not overlap with the first adhesive portion 41, which can effectively reduce the transmission loss of the RF signal in the medium, thereby improving the coupling efficiency of the RF signal and improving the performance of the antenna unit 100.

[0059] like Figure 3As shown, in some optional embodiments, the first adhesive layer 40 entirely covers the feeding unit 12 .

[0060] Optionally, the first adhesive layer 40 is a complete film layer, and the first adhesive layer 40 fills the space between the feeding unit 12 and the first substrate 11 to increase the area where the first adhesive layer 40 supports the first substrate 11, thereby reducing the possibility of local depression of the first substrate 11 and the film layer on the side of the first substrate 11 facing away from the first adhesive layer 40, thereby improving the overall flatness of the antenna unit.

[0061] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the radiation unit 22 is located on the side of the second substrate 21 facing away from the first substrate 10, and the radiation unit 22 includes a radiator 222 and a third substrate 221, the radiator 222 is located on the side of the third substrate 221 facing away from the second substrate 21, and the third substrate 221 is connected to the second substrate 21 through a second adhesive layer 50.

[0062] Optionally, the material of the third substrate 221 may be the same as that of the second substrate 21. Of course, they may also be different. Optionally, the area of ​​the third substrate 221 may be the same as that of the second substrate 21.

[0063] Optionally, the radiator 222 may be a conductive film layer disposed on the third substrate 221 .

[0064] Optionally, in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate 10 is located, the radiator 222 and the first electrode 13 are at least partially overlapped.

[0065] Optionally, the material of the second adhesive layer 50 and the material of the first adhesive layer 40 may be the same, or may be different.

[0066] In these optional embodiments, the above-mentioned configuration is helpful in reducing the possibility of short circuit between the radiator 222 and the second electrode 23. A conductive film layer (second electrode 23) is prepared on one side of the second substrate 21 and another conductive film layer (radiator 222) is bonded thereto through a bonding process, which is helpful in reducing the process difficulty of preparing the conductive film layer on the second substrate 21, reducing the preparation cost, and improving the production yield.

[0067] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Another cross-sectional structure diagram of AA.

[0068] like Figure 4 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the second adhesive layer 50 entirely covers the second substrate 21 .

[0069] Optionally, the second adhesive layer 50 is a complete film layer, and the second adhesive layer 50 fills the space between the second substrate 21 and the third substrate 221 to increase the area where the second adhesive layer 50 supports the third substrate 221, thereby reducing the possibility of local depression of the third substrate 221 and the film layer on the side of the third substrate 221 facing away from the second adhesive layer 50, thereby improving the overall flatness of the antenna unit.

[0070] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the second adhesive layer 50 includes a plurality of second adhesive portions 51 disposed at intervals, and in a direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the second adhesive portions 51 are disposed at intervals from the radiator 222 .

[0071] The radiator 222 and the first electrode 13 have an overlapping area, and the projection of the second adhesive portion 51 in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located is spaced apart from the projection of the overlapping area in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located.

[0072] In these optional embodiments, there is a second gap S2 between the second adhesive portion 51 and the second adhesive portion 51, so that there is a second gap S2 in the second adhesive layer 50 on the signal transmission path, and the signal transmission path does not overlap with the second adhesive portion 51, which can effectively reduce the transmission loss of the RF signal in the medium, thereby improving the coupling efficiency of the RF signal and improving the performance of the antenna unit 100.

[0073] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Another cross-sectional structure diagram of AA.

[0074] like Figure 5 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the radiation unit 22 includes a radiator 222 , and the radiator is disposed on a side of the second base 21 facing away from the first substrate 10 .

[0075] In these optional embodiments, a second electrode 23 is provided on the side of the second substrate 21 facing the first substrate 10, and a radiator 222 is provided on the side of the second substrate 21 facing away from the first substrate 10, thereby reducing the overall thickness of the second substrate 20 and further reducing the overall thickness of the antenna unit 100, which is beneficial to improving the miniaturization and micro-miniaturization of the antenna unit 100.

[0076] like Figures 2 to 5As shown, in some optional embodiments, the feed unit 12 includes a feed layer 121, a shielding layer 122, and a fourth substrate 123 located between the feed layer 121 and the shielding layer 122, the shielding layer 122 is electrically connected to the ground signal terminal, and the shielding layer 122 is provided with a first opening K1. In a direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the first opening K1, the feed layer 121, and the first electrode 13 are at least partially overlapped with each other.

[0077] Optionally, the feeding layer 121 may include a feeding circuit, and the feeding circuit may be formed by etching on a side of the fourth base 123 facing away from the second substrate 20 .

[0078] Optionally, the material of the fourth substrate 123 and the material of the first substrate 11 may be the same, or may be different.

[0079] Optionally, the material of the fourth substrate 123 includes a flexible circuit board or a glass substrate.

[0080] Optionally, the shielding layer 122 is grounded to the ground signal terminal. The shielding layer 122 and the second electrode 23 may be connected to the same ground signal terminal, or may be connected to different ground signal terminals.

[0081] The shielding layer 122 can play a role in shielding signals. For example, the RF signal coupled from the feeding layer 121 to the first electrode 13 needs to be phase shifted, and a portion of the RF signal after the phase shift will move toward the feeding layer 121. The shielding layer 122 can block the RF signal after the phase shift, thereby avoiding mutual crosstalk of signals.

[0082] Optionally, the first opening K1 provided in the shielding layer 122 can be used as a coupling channel for radio frequency signals. In the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the first opening K1 and the feed layer 121 at least partially overlap, and the first opening K1 and the first electrode 13 at least partially overlap. It should be noted that the overlapping portion of the feed layer 121 and the first opening K1 and the overlapping portion of the first opening K1 and the first electrode 13 overlap. For example, the overlapping portion of the feed layer 121 and the first opening K1 is the first overlapping portion of the feed layer 121, and the overlapping portion of the first opening K1 and the first electrode 13 is the second overlapping portion of the first electrode 13. In the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the first overlapping portion and the second overlapping portion are arranged to overlap. Optionally, the end of the feed network in the feed layer 121 overlaps with the first opening K1. Optionally, the end of the first electrode 13 overlaps with the first opening K1.

[0083] like Figures 2 to 5As shown, in some optional embodiments, the radiation unit 22 is arranged on the side of the second base 21 facing away from the first substrate 10, the radiation unit 22 includes a radiator 222, and the second electrode 23 is provided with a second opening K2. In the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the second opening K2, the radiator 222 and the first electrode 13 are arranged to at least partially overlap with each other.

[0084] Optionally, the projection of the second opening K2 in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located may fall within the projection of the radiator 222 in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located. Alternatively, in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the second opening K2 and the radiator 222 are overlapped. Alternatively, in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the radiator 222 and the overlapping portion are overlapped.

[0085] The second electrode 23 is electrically connected to the ground signal terminal, so that the second electrode 23 is a ground electrode. The second electrode 23 can play a role in shielding the signal, so that the phase-shifted RF signal can be radiated to the radiator 222 only through the second opening K2, thereby reducing the possibility of the phase-shifted RF signal escaping and interfering with the signal radiated by the radiator 222.

[0086] Optionally, the second opening K2 provided in the second electrode 23 can serve as a radiation channel for the radio frequency signal. In the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the second opening K2 and the radiator 222 at least partially overlap, and the second opening K2 and the second electrode 23 at least partially overlap. It should be noted that the overlapping portion of the radiator 222 and the second opening K2 and the overlapping portion of the second opening K2 and the second electrode 23 overlap. For example, the overlapping portion of the radiator 222 and the second opening K2 is the third overlapping portion of the radiator 222, and the overlapping portion of the second opening K2 and the second electrode 23 is the fourth overlapping portion of the second electrode 23. In the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the third overlapping portion and the fourth overlapping portion are arranged to overlap.

[0087] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Another cross-sectional structure diagram of AA.

[0088] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in some optional embodiments, in a direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the first opening K1 and the second opening K2 are at least partially overlapped.

[0089] In some embodiments, a portion of the first opening K1 overlaps a portion of the second opening K2 in a direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate. In other embodiments, in a direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate, the first opening K1 is located within the second opening K2.

[0090] In these optional embodiments, through the above arrangement, the first opening K1 and the second opening K2 are arranged relatively along a direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, thereby shortening the phase shift distance of the radio frequency signal and reducing the overall volume of the antenna unit 100.

[0091] like Figure 5 As shown, in some optional embodiments, in a direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the second opening K2 is located inside the first opening K1 .

[0092] Exemplarily, the opening area of ​​the first opening K1 is greater than the opening area of ​​the second opening K2.

[0093] Optionally, the shape of the first opening K1 and the shape of the second opening K2 may be the same, or may be different. For example, the shape of the first opening K1 and the shape of the second opening K2 are both circular, and the first opening K1 and the second opening K2 are concentric circles.

[0094] In these optional embodiments, the above configuration is helpful to reduce the phase shift accuracy while reducing the alignment accuracy of the first opening K1 and the second opening K2 , thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty and improving the manufacturing yield.

[0095] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Another cross-sectional structure diagram of AA. Figure 8 for Figure 1 Another cross-sectional structure diagram of AA.

[0096] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the shielding layer 122 includes a main body 1221 and a protruding portion 1222, the protruding portion protrudes from the main body 1221 along the direction of the fourth substrate 123 pointing to the first substrate 11, and the protruding portion 1222 encloses a first opening K1, and the first adhesive layer 40 at least covers the main body 1221.

[0097] In some embodiments, the first adhesive layer 40 is disposed to cover the main body 1221 , thereby increasing the overall connection area of ​​the first adhesive layer 40 .

[0098] In some embodiments, the protrusion 1222 and the main body 1221 may be an integral structure. In other embodiments, the protrusion 1222 and the main body 1221 may be separate structures.

[0099] For example, Figure 7As shown, an insulating layer may be disposed on the fourth substrate in the area where the protruding portion 1222 is located, so that a portion of the shielding portion protrudes from the main body 1221 in a direction toward the first substrate 10 to form the protruding portion 1222 .

[0100] For example, Figure 8 As shown, a whole conductive film layer can be provided on the fourth substrate, and the conductive portion 33 is covered on the conductive film layer, and the conductive film layer covering the conductive portion 33 and the conductive portion together form the protrusion 1222. Optionally, the conductive portion 33 and the conductive film layer can be made of different materials.

[0101] In these optional embodiments, by providing the first adhesive portion 41 to cover the main body portion 1221, it is helpful to increase the connection area between the first substrate 11 and the fourth substrate 123. By providing the protruding portion 1222, it is helpful to reduce the possibility of the first adhesive portion 41 entering the first opening K1 during the preparation process, so that the radio frequency signal coupled from the feed layer 121 to the first electrode 13 only passes through the first gap S1 when passing through the film layer where the first adhesive layer 40 is located, thereby reducing the loss of the radio frequency signal, improving the coupling efficiency of the radio frequency signal, and improving the reliability of the antenna unit 100.

[0102] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in some optional embodiments, a gap is provided between the protrusion 1222 and the first substrate 11 .

[0103] Optionally, a first adhesive layer 40 may be provided in the gap to further increase the connection area between the first substrate 11 and the fourth substrate 123. Alternatively, the first adhesive layer 40 may not be provided in the gap, thereby reducing the possibility of the first adhesive layer entering the first opening K1 and reducing the difficulty of preparing the first adhesive layer 40.

[0104] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a top view structure of another antenna unit provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0105] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a top view structure of another antenna unit provided in some embodiments of the present application. Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a top view structure of another antenna unit provided in some embodiments of the present application. Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a top view structure of another antenna unit provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0106] like Figures 9 to 12As shown, in some optional embodiments, the antenna unit 100 includes a plurality of phase shifting units P arranged in an array, each phase shifting unit includes a feeding unit 12, a first electrode 13, a radiation unit 22, a second electrode 23 and a liquid crystal layer 30, and a first bonding portion 41 is provided between at least some adjacent phase shifting units among the plurality of phase shifting units P, and the first bonding portion is provided between the feeding unit 12 and the first substrate 11.

[0107] The multiple RF signals radiated by the multiple phase shifting units P interfere with each other to form a beam with a main lobe direction to meet the performance requirements of the antenna unit 100. For a single phase shifting unit P, the control signal line 70 provides different control signals to the first electrode 13. After the electric field formed by the first electrode and the second electrode 23 drives the liquid crystal 31 to deflect, the liquid crystal can have different dielectric constants, so that the phase shifting unit P performs different degrees of phase shifting on the RF signal. That is to say, in the embodiment of the present application, the phase shifting unit P is a phase shifting unit P with a variable control signal voltage. One phase shifting unit can radiate RF signals with multiple phases. In this way, by adjusting the phase of the RF signal radiated by the phase shifting unit P, when the RF signals radiated by the multiple phase shifting units P interfere with each other, the main lobe direction of the beam finally formed can be adjusted.

[0108] It can be understood that each phase shift unit P includes a feeding unit 12, a first electrode 13, a radiation unit 22, a second electrode 23 and a liquid crystal layer 30, and a plurality of phase shift units P can be formed by splicing. Of course, a plurality of feeding units 12, a plurality of first electrodes 13, a plurality of radiation units 22, a plurality of second electrodes 23 and a liquid crystal layer 30 are prepared on a first substrate 11 and a second substrate 21, respectively, to form a plurality of phase shift units P. Among them, the plurality of second electrodes 23 can be a whole layer structure.

[0109] In these optional embodiments, the feed unit 12 and the first substrate 11 are connected via a first adhesive portion 41, and the first adhesive portion can support the first substrate 11 to reduce the possibility that a central area or a local area of ​​the first substrate is deformed under the action of gravity when multiple phase shifting units P are prepared on the same first substrate 11, thereby reducing the risk of differentiation between the coupled RF signal in the deformed phase shifting unit P and the coupled RF signal in the non-deformed phase shifting unit P, thereby increasing the service life of the antenna unit 100.

[0110] like Figures 9 to 12 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the phase shifting units P are arranged in rows along the first direction X and in columns along the second direction Y. A first bonding portion 41 is provided between two adjacent columns of phase shifting units P, and / or a first bonding portion 41 is provided between two adjacent rows of phase shifting units P.

[0111] In some embodiments, Fig. 9 As shown, a first bonding portion 41 is provided between two adjacent columns of phase shifting units P, and a first bonding portion 41 is provided between two adjacent rows of phase shifting units P, thereby improving the performance consistency of multiple phase shifting units P. In some embodiments, Fig.10 As shown, a first bonding portion 41 is provided between two adjacent columns of phase shifting units P; or Fig.11 As shown, a first bonding portion 41 is provided between two adjacent rows of phase shifting units P, so that the antenna unit 100 can improve the supporting performance according to design requirements, for example, the antenna unit 100 can have a strong radiation or receiving capability in a specific direction. The first bonding portion 41 can be extended in the specific direction.

[0112] Optionally, the orthographic projection of the first bonding portion 41 on the substrate may be in a grid shape.

[0113] Optionally, the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the direction perpendicular to the plane where the substrate is located are arranged perpendicularly in pairs.

[0114] like Figures 9 to 12 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the first bonding portion 41 is extended along the first direction X, and the plurality of phase shifting units P are disposed on both sides of the first bonding portion 41 along the second direction Y; and / or, the first bonding portion 41 is extended along the second direction Y, and the plurality of phase shifting units P are disposed on both sides of the first bonding portion 41 along the first direction X.

[0115] In some embodiments, Fig.12 As shown, the first bonding portion 41 is extended along the first direction X, so that the first substrate 10 has a stable supporting and connecting function in the first direction. At the same time, a plurality of phase shifting units P are arranged on both sides of the first bonding portion 41 along the second direction Y. This layout is conducive to forming a specific radiation and receiving mode in the second direction Y to meet the communication or detection requirements in a specific direction.

[0116] In other embodiments, the first bonding portion 41 is extended along the second direction Y, so that the first substrate 10 has a stable supporting and connecting function in the second direction. At the same time, a plurality of phase shifting units P are arranged on both sides of the first bonding portion 41 along the first direction X. This layout realizes the adjustment of the radiation or receiving mode in the first direction, providing more flexibility for different application scenarios.

[0117] In some other embodiments, the first adhesive portion 41 includes two, one first adhesive portion is extended along the first direction X, and the other first adhesive portion 41 is extended along the second direction Y, so that the multiple phase shifting units P are distributed in the four areas divided by the two first adhesive portions 41. Optionally, the multiple phase shifting units P are centrally symmetrically distributed around the intersection of the two first adhesive portions 41, which is beneficial to improving the support strength of the central area of ​​the first substrate 10, reducing the possibility of deformation of the central area of ​​the first substrate, and increasing the number of phase shifting units P in the antenna unit 100, while improving the reliability of the antenna unit 100.

[0118] Fig.13 for Figure 1 Another cross-sectional structure diagram of AA.

[0119] like Figure 2 and Fig.13 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the feeding unit 12 includes a feeding layer 121, the radiation unit 22 includes a radiator 222, the first electrode 13 includes a first sub-electrode 131 and a second sub-electrode 132, the first sub-electrode is electrically connected to the control signal line 70, and in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the second sub-electrode 132 overlaps with the feeding layer 121 and the radiator 222 respectively.

[0120] The first sub-electrode 131 is directly electrically connected to the control signal line 70. The control signal line is responsible for transmitting control signals from an external controller, and these signals act on the liquid crystal layer 30 after passing through the first sub-electrode 131, thereby achieving precise control of the arrangement state of the liquid crystal molecules.

[0121] In the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the second sub-electrode 132 overlaps with the feed layer 121 and the radiator 222 respectively. This overlapping design enables the second sub-electrode 132 to form a capacitive coupling effect with the feed layer 121 and the radiator 222 under the action of the electric field, thereby adjusting the radiation characteristics of the electromagnetic wave. Specifically, when the control signal changes the arrangement state of the liquid crystal 31 molecules, the capacitance value between the second sub-electrode 132 and the feed layer 121 and the radiator 222 will also change, thereby affecting the characteristics such as the phase and radiation pattern of the electromagnetic wave.

[0122] In the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the second sub-electrode 132 overlaps with the feed layer 121 and the radiator 222 respectively. It can be understood that in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the second sub-electrode 132 overlaps with the feed layer 121, and in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the second sub-electrode 132 overlaps with the radiator 222. In some embodiments, in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the overlapping area between the second sub-electrode 132 and the feed layer 121 and the overlapping area between the second sub-electrode and the radiator 222 may overlap, or may not overlap. For example, in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the overlapping area between the second sub-electrode 132 and the feed layer 121 is the fifth overlapping area, and in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the overlapping area between the second sub-electrode 132 and the radiator 222 is the sixth overlapping area. The fifth overlapping area and the sixth overlapping area may overlap completely, partially, or not overlap.

[0123] like Figure 2 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the first sub-electrode 131 is electrically connected to the second sub-electrode 132 .

[0124] Exemplarily, the first sub-electrode 131 is electrically connected to the second sub-electrode 132. Such electrical connection may be achieved through a metal wire, a conductive film layer or other conductive structures, which ensures that the control signal can be smoothly transmitted from the first sub-electrode 131 to the second sub-electrode 132.

[0125] Since the first sub-electrode is directly connected to the control signal line 70, when the external controller sends out control signals, these signals are first received by the first sub-electrode 131 and transmitted to the second sub-electrode 132 through electrical connection. Subsequently, the second sub-electrode interacts with the feed layer 121 and the radiator 222 under the action of the electric field to jointly adjust the arrangement state of the liquid crystal 31 molecules, thereby realizing the control of the electromagnetic wave radiation characteristics.

[0126] This electrical connection design not only simplifies the transmission path of the control signal, but also improves the reliability and efficiency of signal transmission. At the same time, it also enables the first electrode 13 to respond to the external control signal as a whole, achieving more accurate and flexible electromagnetic wave radiation control.

[0127] Alternatively, the material of the first sub-electrode 131 may include indium tin oxide (ITO).

[0128] The embodiment of the present application can improve the efficiency and reliability of the antenna unit 100 in controlling signal transmission and video signal radiation adjustment through the electrical connection design between the first sub-electrode 131 and the second sub-electrode 132, and further improve the performance of the antenna unit 100.

[0129] like Fig.13 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the first sub-electrode 131 and the second sub-electrode 132 are insulated from each other, and at least a portion of the first sub-electrode 131 is located on a side of a portion of the second sub-electrode 132 facing away from the first substrate 11 .

[0130] The first sub-electrode 131 and the second sub-electrode 132 are insulated from each other. The first sub-electrode 131 and the second sub-electrode 132 are separated by an insulating layer or other insulating structure. This insulating design ensures the electrical independence of the two, reduces the current leakage and interference between the two, and ensures the stability and reliability of the antenna unit 100.

[0131] In a direction perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate 11 is located, at least part of the first sub-electrode 131 is located on a side of a part of the second sub-electrode 132 that faces away from the first substrate 11. Since the electrical signals in the first sub-electrode 131 and the second sub-electrode 132 are different, and the radio frequency signal in the second sub-electrode needs to be phase-shifted by the liquid crystal 31, a part of the second sub-electrode 132 is used to overlap with the feed layer 121 and the radiator 222 respectively, and another part of the second sub-electrode 132 is covered with the first sub-electrode 131, thereby reducing the current leakage and interference between the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode 132, while reducing the overall size of the first electrode 13 and the overall size of the phase shift unit P.

[0132] It can be understood that, although the first sub-electrode 131 and the second sub-electrode 132 are insulated from each other, they still cooperate with each other in function through the liquid crystal layer 30 and other related structures. The first sub-electrode 131 receives a control signal from an external controller and affects the arrangement state of the liquid crystal 31 molecules through the electric field. The second sub-electrode 132 interacts with the feed layer 121 and the radiator 222 to jointly adjust the radiation characteristics of the electromagnetic wave. This synergy enables the liquid crystal 31 antenna to dynamically adjust the radiation characteristics of the electromagnetic wave by changing the control signal without changing the physical structure.

[0133] like Fig.13 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the liquid crystal layer 30 includes liquid crystal and an encapsulation portion 32 , the first substrate 10 , the second substrate 20 and the encapsulation portion enclose a receiving space, and the liquid crystal 31 is located in the receiving space.

[0134] The packaging part 32 is an important component of the antenna unit 100. The packaging layer, the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 enclose a closed accommodation space to reduce the possibility of the liquid crystal 31 material contacting external impurities and water vapor, thereby improving the reliability of the antenna unit 100.

[0135] like Fig.13As shown, in some optional embodiments, the liquid crystal layer 30 also includes a conductive portion 33, and the first substrate 10 also includes a grounding portion 34, which is electrically connected to the ground signal terminal. The grounding portion 34 is located on the side of the first substrate 11 facing the second substrate 20, and the grounding portion is electrically connected to the second electrode 23 through the conductive portion 33.

[0136] Optionally, the conductive part is generally made of a conductive material (such as ITO, a metal film, etc.) Exemplarily, the material of the conductive part 33 includes gold.

[0137] Optionally, a grounding portion 34 and a first electrode 13 can be provided on the surface of the first substrate 11 on one side facing the second substrate 20. In the process of forming the grounding portion and the first electrode, it is only necessary to evaporate a layer of metal on the surface of the first substrate 11, such as a layer of copper, and then etch to form the grounding portion 34 and the first electrode 13 using a single mask process, thereby simplifying the process and reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0138] Optionally, a grounding portion 34 , a first electrode 13 , a grounding signal terminal and a driving signal line may be disposed on a surface of the first base 11 facing the second substrate 20 .

[0139] Optionally, the grounding portion 34 may include a two-layer structure, wherein the first layer structure 341 is disposed on the same layer as the first sub-electrode 131 , and the second layer structure 342 is located on a side of the first layer structure 341 facing away from the first substrate 11 , and the second layer structure 342 is disposed on the same layer as the second sub-electrode 132 .

[0140] The grounding portion 34 is electrically connected to the second electrode 23 through the conductive portion 33 . It can be understood that the grounding potential in the second electrode is provided by the grounding portion 34 , and the grounding signal terminal is arranged on the first substrate 11 , which can reduce process steps and simplify the connection method of the second electrode 23 .

[0141] The embodiment of the present application improves the electrical performance and stability of the antenna unit 100 by introducing the design of the conductive part 33 and the grounding part 34. The conductive part 33 provides a reliable electrical connection path between the second electrode 23 and the grounding part 34, while the grounding part ensures the potential stability of the antenna unit 100 and eliminates potential electromagnetic interference, thereby improving the adaptability of the antenna unit 100 in various complex application scenarios.

[0142] like Fig.13 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the liquid crystal layer 30 further includes a supporting portion 35 , and the supporting portion is located between the grounding portion 34 and the second electrode 23 .

[0143] The support portion is located between the ground portion and the second electrode, and the support structure can play a mechanical support role to prevent the liquid crystal layer 30 from being deformed or damaged when subjected to external pressure or vibration. The support portion 35 also helps to maintain the uniform thickness and shape of the liquid crystal layer 30, ensuring that the liquid crystal molecules can work in a stable environment. At the same time, the support portion 35 also helps to disperse the pressure on the conductive portion 33, thereby reducing the possibility that the conductive portion is deformed under the action of external force and causes the potential of the second electrode 23 to change, thereby improving the reliability of the antenna unit 100.

[0144] The support part 35 is usually made of a material with good mechanical properties and chemical stability, such as polymers, glass beads or inorganic particles, etc. These materials not only have sufficient strength and hardness to support the liquid crystal layer 30, but also maintain good compatibility with the liquid crystal material and the packaging material to avoid chemical reactions or affect the performance of the liquid crystal 31.

[0145] Optionally, the support portion 35 may be located on a side of the conductive portion 33 facing the packaging portion 32 . Alternatively, the support portion may also be located on a side of the conductive portion 33 facing away from the packaging portion 32 .

[0146] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna device 200, comprising any antenna unit 100 as described above.

[0147] Since the antenna device 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the antenna unit 100 of any of the above embodiments, the antenna device 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application has the beneficial effects of the antenna unit 100 of any of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail herein.

[0148] Fig.14 A schematic structural diagram of an antenna device provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0149] like Fig.14 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the antenna device 200 includes a feed line 60, the number of antenna units 100 includes multiple, the first substrate 10 of each antenna unit 100 is provided with a feed line 60, and the feed layers 121 of the multiple antenna units are electrically connected to the same RF signal terminal through the feed line 60.

[0150] The feeding line is used to transmit the RF signal from the RF signal end to the feeding layer 121 of each phase shift unit P, thereby driving the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 to change, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the phase of the electromagnetic wave.

[0151] In the same antenna unit 100, the feed layers 121 of multiple phase shift units P are electrically connected to the same RF signal terminal through the feed line 60. This design ensures that all phase shift units P can synchronously adjust the phase after receiving the same RF signal, thereby achieving overall control of the electromagnetic wave radiation characteristics of the antenna unit 100.

[0152] Through the above-mentioned configuration, the embodiment of the present application enables multiple phase shifting units P in each antenna unit 100 to synchronously receive and process radio frequency signals, and perform phase adjustment through their respective liquid crystal layers 30, thereby achieving overall radio frequency signal radiation characteristic control of the antenna unit 100 and improving the flexibility and efficiency of the antenna device 200.

[0153] In some optional embodiments, the number of antenna units 100 includes multiple, the antenna device 200 also includes a control signal line 70 and a liquid crystal driving circuit 80, the multiple control signal lines are arranged on the first substrate 10, and the first electrode 13 of each phase shifting unit P of the same antenna unit 100 is connected to the liquid crystal driving circuit 80 of the antenna unit 100 through one of the control signal lines 70.

[0154] The above configuration in the embodiment of the present application is conducive to achieving precise control and independent adjustment of each phase shift unit P, thereby improving the flexibility and accuracy of the antenna device 200.

[0155] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, comprising any antenna device 200 as described above.

[0156] Since the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the antenna device 200 of any of the above embodiments, the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application has the beneficial effects of the antenna device 200 of any of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0157] Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there are no structural conflicts. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna unit, characterized in that: include: A first substrate, comprising a first substrate, a feeding unit and a first electrode, wherein the feeding unit and the first electrode are arranged on opposite sides of the first substrate, the feeding unit is electrically connected to the radio frequency signal terminal, the first electrode is electrically connected to the control signal line, and in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the feeding unit and the first electrode at least partially overlap; A second substrate, comprising a second substrate, a radiation unit and a second electrode, wherein the second electrode is located on a side of the second substrate facing the first substrate, the second electrode is electrically connected to a ground signal terminal, the radiation unit is disposed on the second substrate, the radiation unit is insulated from the second electrode, and the first electrode overlaps the radiation unit and the second electrode respectively in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located; The liquid crystal layer is located between the first substrate and the second substrate.

2. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The feeding unit is connected to the first substrate through a first adhesive layer.

3. The antenna unit according to claim 2, characterized in that The first adhesive layer includes a plurality of first adhesive portions that are spaced apart from each other. In a direction perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the first adhesive portions are spaced apart from overlapping regions of the feeding unit and the first electrode.

4. The antenna unit according to claim 2, characterized in that The first adhesive layer entirely covers the feeding unit.

5. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The radiation unit is located on a side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate, and includes a radiator and a third substrate. The radiator is located on a side of the third substrate facing away from the second substrate, and the third substrate is connected to the second substrate via a second adhesive layer.

6. The antenna unit according to claim 5, characterized in that The second adhesive layer entirely covers the second substrate.

7. The antenna unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second adhesive layer includes a plurality of second adhesive portions which are spaced apart from each other. In a direction perpendicular to a plane where the first substrate is located, the second adhesive portions are spaced apart from the radiator.

8. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The radiation unit includes a radiator, and the radiator is arranged on a side of the second base facing away from the first base plate.

9. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding unit includes a feeding layer, a shielding layer and a fourth substrate located between the feeding layer and the shielding layer, the shielding layer is electrically connected to the ground signal terminal, and the shielding layer is provided with a first opening; in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the first opening, the feeding layer and the first electrode are at least partially overlapped with each other.

10. The antenna unit according to claim 9, characterized in that The radiation unit is arranged on the side of the second base facing away from the first substrate, the radiation unit includes a radiator, the second electrode is provided with a second opening, and in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the second opening, the radiator and the first electrode are at least partially overlapped with each other.

11. The antenna unit according to claim 10, characterized in that In a direction perpendicular to a plane where the first substrate is located, the first opening and the second opening are at least partially overlapped.

12. The antenna unit according to claim 10, characterized in that In a direction perpendicular to a plane where the first substrate is located, the second opening is located inside the first opening.

13. The antenna unit according to claim 9, characterized in that The shielding layer includes a main body and a protruding portion, the protruding portion is arranged to protrude from the main body along the direction from the fourth substrate to the first substrate, and the protruding portion encloses the first opening, and the first adhesive layer is arranged to at least cover the main body.

14. The antenna unit according to claim 13, characterized in that A gap is provided between the protruding portion and the first base.

15. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The antenna unit includes a plurality of phase shifting units arranged in an array, each of the phase shifting units includes the feeding unit, the first electrode, the radiating unit, the second electrode and the liquid crystal layer, a first bonding portion is provided between at least some adjacent phase shifting units among the plurality of phase shifting units, and the first bonding portion is provided between the feeding unit and the first substrate.

16. The antenna unit according to claim 15, characterized in that The phase shifting units are arranged in rows along the first direction and in columns along the second direction; The first bonding portion is provided between two adjacent rows of the phase shifting units; and / or, The first bonding portion is provided between two adjacent rows of the phase shifting units.

17. The antenna unit according to claim 15, characterized in that The first bonding portion is extended along the first direction, and the plurality of phase shifting units are disposed on both sides of the first bonding portion along the second direction; and / or, The first bonding portion is extended along the second direction, and the plurality of phase shifting units are disposed on both sides of the first bonding portion along the first direction.

18. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The feeding unit includes a feeding layer, the radiation unit includes a radiator, the first electrode includes a first sub-electrode and a second sub-electrode, the first sub-electrode is electrically connected to the control signal line, and in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the first substrate is located, the second sub-electrode overlaps with the feeding layer and the radiator respectively.

19. The antenna unit according to claim 18, characterized in that The first sub-electrode is electrically connected to the second sub-electrode.

20. The antenna unit according to claim 19, characterized in that The first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode are insulated from each other, and at least a portion of the first sub-electrode is located on a side of a portion of the second sub-electrode facing away from the first substrate.

21. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal and a packaging part. The first substrate, the second substrate and the packaging part enclose a receiving space. The liquid crystal is located in the receiving space.

22. The antenna unit according to claim 21, characterized in that The liquid crystal layer further includes a conductive portion, and the first substrate further includes a grounding portion, the grounding portion is electrically connected to the ground signal terminal, the grounding portion is located on a side of the first base facing the second substrate, and the grounding portion is electrically connected to the second electrode through the conductive portion.

23. The antenna unit according to claim 22, characterized in that The liquid crystal layer further includes a supporting portion, and the supporting portion is located between the ground portion and the second electrode.

24. An antenna device, characterized in that: include: An antenna unit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 23.

25. The antenna device according to claim 24, characterized in that The antenna device includes a feeder line, the number of the antenna units includes multiple, the first substrate of each antenna unit is provided with the feeder line, and the feeding layers of multiple phase shifting units of the same antenna unit are electrically connected to the same radio frequency signal end through the feeder line.

26. An electronic device, characterized in that: Comprising the antenna device according to any one of claims 24 to 25.

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