Array antenna
By using a gradient guide and weighted array element in the array antenna, combined with support columns and dielectric substrates, the energy loss and channel noise problems caused by coupling in traditional antennas are solved, and the passive gain and anti-interference performance are improved. And simplify the production process and reduce costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411385424.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-30
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-31
AI Technical Summary
Traditional anti-interference antenna array elements have coupling problems in circular polarized antennas in microstrip form, and existing isolator technology is difficult to effectively solve, resulting in prominent problems in energy loss and channel noise.
An array antenna is designed, using a gradient structure guide and weighted array element, and is arranged by a combination of radio frequency base plate, main array element, guide, bar isolator and weighted array element on the substrate, and printed by circuit Technical printing, adding support columns and dielectric substrates, forming a positioning community array, and weakening the coupling strength between the main array element and the weighted array element.
It effectively improves the passive gain of the array antenna, reduces the energy loss and channel noise problems caused by coupling, improves anti-interference performance, simplifies production processes, and reduces costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN119231179A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an array antenna. Background Art
[0002] Traditional anti-interference antenna array elements all use microstrip circularly polarized antennas, and the array element layout is mainly planar array. The coupling problem is more prominent, and even some traditional isolator technologies can only solve the coupling problem to a limited extent. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an array antenna.
[0004] The present application provides an array antenna, comprising:
[0005] A substrate, wherein a radio frequency bottom plate is provided on the upper side of the substrate;
[0006] A main array element, which is arranged on the upper side of the radio frequency bottom plate;
[0007] A director, the director is arranged above the main array element; the director comprises a plurality of metal bodies, the plurality of metal bodies are stacked and arranged at intervals from bottom to top; each of the metal bodies is an annular structure, and the sizes of the plurality of metal bodies are arranged in a gradual manner;
[0008] A strip isolator, the strip isolator being electrically connected to the radio frequency bottom plate;
[0009] The weighted array element is arranged on the upper side of the substrate and is spaced apart from the main array element.
[0010] Furthermore, there are multiple weighted array elements, and the multiple weighted array elements are arranged around the main array element; and two adjacent weighted array elements are arranged at intervals.
[0011] Furthermore, the strip isolator is arranged between two adjacent weighted array elements.
[0012] Furthermore, the weighted array element, the strip isolator and the radio frequency base plate are respectively printed on the substrate using circuit printing technology.
[0013] Furthermore, the substrate is a high-frequency circuit board.
[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a support column and a plurality of dielectric substrates located above the main array element, the support column is connected to the RF base plate; the plurality of dielectric substrates are stacked and arranged at intervals from bottom to top, and each dielectric substrate is connected to the support column; each of the metal bodies is respectively arranged on one of the dielectric substrates.
[0015] Furthermore, the size of the metal body is gradually increased from bottom to top.
[0016] Furthermore, the shape of the metal body is one or more of a circular ring, a rectangular ring, or an elliptical ring.
[0017] Furthermore, the radio frequency bottom plate is a double-sided plate, the upper side of the radio frequency bottom plate is a reflective plate, and the lower side of the radio frequency bottom plate is provided with a radio frequency circuit.
[0018] Furthermore, the antenna of the weighted array element is a broadband antenna; and the antenna of the main array element is a multi-frequency antenna.
[0019] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
[0020] The array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a substrate, a main array element, a director, a strip isolator and a weighted array element. The upper side of the substrate is provided with a radio frequency bottom plate; the strip isolator is electrically connected to the radio frequency bottom plate; the main array element is arranged on the upper side of the radio frequency bottom plate; the director is arranged above the main array element; the director includes a plurality of metal bodies, and the plurality of metal bodies are stacked and arranged at intervals from bottom to top; each metal body is a ring-shaped structure, and the sizes of the plurality of metal bodies are gradually arranged; the weighted array element is arranged on the upper side of the substrate and is arranged at intervals with the main array element. In this way, by arranging the director above the main array element, and the size of each metal body from bottom to top is gradually arranged, the passive gain of the array antenna can be improved. At the same time, due to the gradual design of the director structure, the coupling strength between the main array element and the weighted array element can be weakened, effectively solving the energy loss and channel noise problems caused by coupling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.
[0023] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by pictures in the corresponding drawings, and these exemplified descriptions do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, and unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations.
[0024] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of the array antenna of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the array antenna of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the array antenna of the present invention.
[0027] Substrate 1, radio frequency bottom plate 2, main array element 3, director 4, metal body 41, support column 42, dielectric substrate 43, weighted array element 5, strip isolator 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0029] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples to implement different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the parts and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention can repeat reference numbers and / or letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.
[0030] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used herein to describe the relative positional relationship or movement of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figure, such as "inside", "outside", "inner side", "outer side", "below", "below", "above", "above", "front", "back", etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure undergoes a position flip or a posture change or a motion state change, then these directional indications also change accordingly, for example: an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented as "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features". Therefore, the example term "below..." may include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatial relative descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.
[0031] Figures 1 to 3 The array antenna shown in the figure comprises a substrate 1, a main array element 3, a director 4, a strip isolator 6 and a weighted array element 5. The upper side of the substrate 1 is provided with a radio frequency base plate 2; the strip isolator is electrically connected to the radio frequency base plate; the main array element 3 is arranged on the upper side of the radio frequency base plate 2; the director 4 is arranged above the main array element 3; the director 4 comprises a plurality of metal bodies 41, and the plurality of metal bodies 41 are stacked and spaced from bottom to top; each metal body 41 is a ring-shaped structure, and the sizes of the plurality of metal bodies 41 are gradually set; the weighted array element 5 is arranged on the upper side of the substrate 1 and is spaced from the main array element 3.
[0032] It can be understood that by arranging the director 4 on the main array element 3 and gradually changing the size of each metal body 41 from bottom to top, the passive gain of the array antenna can be improved. At the same time, due to the gradual structural design of the director 4, the coupling strength between the main array element 3 and the weighted array element 5 can be weakened, effectively solving the energy loss and channel noise problems caused by coupling.
[0033] The arrangement of the array antenna of the present application is different from that of a planar array. Instead, a positioning common array antenna is formed by designing the positions of the director 4, the RF base plate 2, the main array element 3 and the weighted array element 5, which can improve the interference performance.
[0034] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the number of weighted array elements 5 is multiple, and the multiple weighted array elements 5 are arranged around the main array element 3; two adjacent weighted array elements 5 are arranged at intervals. Multiple weighted array elements 5 are arranged in a circular array on the periphery of the main array element 3. The weighted array element 5 can be a GNSS working frequency, for example, it can be set to Beidou B3 or B1L1G1E1 or other frequencies, and the main array element 3 can be set to the same frequency as the weighted array element 5, and can also be set to GNSS multi-frequency.
[0035] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, in order to further solve the coupling problem between the main array element 3 and the weighted array element 5 , a strip isolator 6 is provided between two adjacent weighted array elements 5 .
[0036] In this embodiment, the weighted array element 5 , the strip isolator 6 and the radio frequency base plate 2 are respectively printed on the substrate 1 using circuit printing technology.
[0037] It is understandable that the manufacturing process adopts circuit printing technology and is automatically produced by automatic production equipment. This can eliminate complex processes such as frequency debugging of the antenna and welding and assembly of the weighted array element 5 during production, thereby achieving better product consistency and a simpler production process, thereby reducing the cost of the antenna.
[0038] In the technical solution of this embodiment, the substrate 1 is a high-frequency circuit board.
[0039] It is understandable that high-frequency circuit boards, as a special type of circuit board, are mainly suitable for occasions with higher electromagnetic frequencies, especially in the fields of high frequency (frequency greater than 300MHz or wavelength less than 1 meter) and microwave (frequency greater than 3GHz or wavelength less than 0.1 meter). It is a circuit board made on a microwave substrate copper-clad board by adopting some manufacturing processes or special processing methods of ordinary rigid circuit boards. Generally speaking, when the frequency of a circuit board reaches above 1GHz, it can be defined as a high-frequency board.
[0040] To support the metal body 41, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the director 4 further includes a support column 42 and a plurality of dielectric substrates 43 located above the main array element 3, the support column 42 is connected to the RF bottom plate 2; the plurality of dielectric substrates 43 are stacked and arranged at intervals from bottom to top, and each dielectric substrate 43 is connected to the support column 42; each metal body 41 is respectively arranged on a dielectric substrate 43. In this way, the support column 42 provides a mounting base for the plurality of dielectric substrates 43, so that the plurality of dielectric substrates 43 can be arranged above the main array element 3 in sequence at intervals, and each dielectric substrate 43 provides a mounting base for the metal body 41.
[0041] In this embodiment, the metal body 41112 may be copper foil or other materials with good conductivity.
[0042] In this embodiment, the support column 42 is made of insulating material, and there are multiple support columns 42 .
[0043] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the size of the metal body 41 is gradually increased from bottom to top, which can better weaken the coupling strength between the main array element 3 antenna and the weighted array element 5, and effectively solve the energy loss and channel noise problems caused by coupling.
[0044] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the shape of the metal body 41 is a circular ring. In some other embodiments, the shape of the metal body 41 can also be one or more of a rectangular ring or an elliptical ring.
[0045] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the RF base plate 2 is a double-sided board, both sides of which are coated with conductive layers and separated by insulating material in the middle. The upper side of the RF base plate 2 is a reflective plate, and the lower side of the RF base plate 2 is a layer where the RF circuit is set.
[0046] The design of the reflector can improve the sensitivity of the antenna signal of the main array element 3, and reflect the antenna signal and focus it to the director 4, which not only greatly enhances the antenna capability, but also blocks and shields other radio waves from the back of the RF base plate 2, which interfere with the received signal and improves the anti-interference performance.
[0047] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the antenna of the weighted array element 5 adopts a broadband antenna; the antenna of the main array element 3 adopts a multi-frequency antenna. Among them, the antenna of the main array element 3 can be set as an air dielectric antenna or a microstrip patch antenna. In this way, the weighted array element 5, the reflector, and the strip isolator 6 can be printed on the high-frequency plate. The manufacturing process adopts circuit printing technology and is automatically produced by automatic production equipment. In this way, the complex processes such as frequency debugging of the antenna and welding and assembly of the weighted array element 5 can be eliminated in the production, so that better product consistency and a simpler production process can be obtained, and the antenna cost can be reduced.
[0048] The technical solution of the embodiments of the present application can better solve a series of problems in the existing market such as low passive gain of antennas with an array size less than half a wavelength, strong coupling, complex processes such as the need for debugging in the production of small-sized antenna elements, and poor production consistency.
[0049] It should be understood that the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "an" and "said" as used herein may also be meant to include plural forms. The terms "include", "comprise", "contain", and "have" are inclusive, and therefore specify the existence of stated features, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not interpreted as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order described or illustrated, unless the execution order is clearly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.
[0050] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used in the text to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms can only be used to distinguish an element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly indicates, terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms do not imply order or sequence when used in the text. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below can be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teaching of the example embodiments.
[0051] The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, which enables those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.
Claims
1. An array antenna, characterized in that: include: A substrate (1), wherein a radio frequency bottom plate (2) is provided on the upper side of the substrate (1); A main array element (3), the main array element (3) being arranged on the upper side of the radio frequency base plate (2); A director (4), the director (4) being arranged above the main array element (3); the director (4) comprising a plurality of metal bodies (41), the plurality of metal bodies (41) being stacked and spaced from bottom to top; each of the metal bodies (41) being an annular structure, and the sizes of the plurality of metal bodies (41) being arranged in a gradually changing manner; A strip-shaped isolator (6), the strip-shaped isolator (6) being electrically connected to the radio frequency base plate (2); The weighted array element (5) is arranged on the upper side of the substrate (1) and is spaced apart from the main array element (3).
2. The array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the weighted array elements (5) is multiple, and the multiple weighted array elements (5) are arranged around the main array element (3); two adjacent weighted array elements (5) are arranged at intervals.
3. The array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strip-shaped isolator (6) is arranged between two adjacent weighted array elements (5).
4. The array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The weighted array element (5), the strip isolator (6) and the radio frequency base plate (2) are respectively printed on the substrate (1) using circuit printing technology.
5. The array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate (1) is a high-frequency circuit board.
6. The array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also comprises a support column (42) and a plurality of dielectric substrates (43) located above the main array element (3), wherein the support column (42) is connected to the radio frequency base plate (2); the plurality of dielectric substrates (43) are stacked and arranged at intervals from bottom to top, and each dielectric substrate (43) is connected to the support column (42); and each of the metal bodies (41) is respectively arranged on one of the dielectric substrates (43).
7. The array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The size of the metal body (41) is gradually increased from bottom to top.
8. The array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The shape of the metal body (41) is one or more of a circular ring, a rectangular ring, or an elliptical ring.
9. The array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The radio frequency bottom plate (2) is a double-sided plate, the upper side of the radio frequency bottom plate (2) is a reflection plate, and the lower side of the radio frequency bottom plate (2) is provided with a radio frequency circuit.
10. The array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The antenna of the weighted array element (5) is a broadband antenna; and the antenna of the main array element (3) is a multi-frequency antenna.