Microwave regulation and control system and preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a microwave regulation and control system and a preparation method. The system comprises a flexible metasurface unit, a filler, a bias voltage control circuit, a decoding module and a latch module, the preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing the metasurface; step 2, preparing a bottom filler; the invention provides a flexible one-bit programmable metasurface technology, and aims to realize dynamic regulation and control of electromagnetic waves by introducing a reconfigurable electromagnetic response mechanism, and the flexible one-bit programmable metasurface can adjust the electromagnetic characteristics of the metasurface in different working states by adding an active device in a unit structure, such as amplitude, phase and polarization. In addition, the flexible base also endows the metasurface with more functional multiplexing capability, and the programmable capability greatly enhances the applicability and flexibility of the metasurface, so that the metasurface can play a greater role in various fields such as wireless communication, radar systems, sensor networks and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electronic information technology, in particular to a microwave control system and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of optics, electromagnetism, etc., the performance of traditional materials can no longer meet the needs of modern technology. At present, the field of smart wearables is becoming increasingly popular. Therefore, traditional non-deformable metasurfaces cannot meet the functions of human wear. Flexible metasurfaces have become one of the current research hotspots in the field of metasurface materials. The characteristics of flexible metasurfaces are that they are highly plastic and adjustable. Compared with traditional rigid surfaces, flexible metasurfaces can achieve more flexible and changeable applications while maintaining high performance. Flexible materials have a wide range of applications, involving optical instruments, communication equipment, biomedicine and other fields. Due to their excellent flexibility and plasticity, they are expected to bring revolutionary breakthroughs to wearable devices, flexible displays, smart skin and other fields. In the field of communications, flexible metasurfaces can be used to design high-performance antennas, waveguide devices, etc. For example, by designing flexible metasurfaces with specific electromagnetic responses, it is possible to precisely control the propagation of electromagnetic waves in wearable devices, which can be used to enhance the quality of wireless communications, achieve efficient energy transmission, etc., and improve the efficiency and stability of communication systems. In addition, flexible metasurfaces can also play an important role in military applications such as stealth technology and anti-interference technology. However, although flexible metasurfaces have broad application prospects and numerous advantages, they still face many challenges and difficulties. For example, the preparation of high-performance flexible metasurface materials and the improvement of the stability of flexible metasurfaces still need in-depth research. The equipment used in the current process of manufacturing flexible metasurfaces is relatively expensive and has a low yield rate, such as pulsed laser deposition, magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation, and photolithography. Although the use of transfer technology to manufacture samples has been simpler in recent years, it is still in the laboratory stage.

[0003] Although the non-programmable metasurfaces in the existing technology have made significant progress in the static regulation of electromagnetic waves, they still have some restrictive shortcomings; once these metasurfaces are manufactured, their electromagnetic response characteristics are usually fixed and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to application requirements; this lack of flexibility limits the application of metasurfaces in adaptive systems, reconfigurable antennas, smart skins and other fields that require dynamic beam control; in addition, traditional non-programmable metasurfaces are difficult to achieve real-time beam optimization and wavefront control when faced with complex or changeable electromagnetic environments, which constitutes an obvious shortcoming in certain application scenarios that require rapid response. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a microwave control system and a preparation method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a microwave control system, comprising a flexible metasurface unit, wherein a rectangular metal sheet is arranged on the flexible metasurface unit, a metal wire is arranged on one side of the rectangular metal sheet, a metal via is arranged at one end of the metal wire, a diode is arranged on the other side of the rectangular metal sheet, a rectangular metal block is arranged on the diode, and a bias voltage control circuit is electrically connected to the flexible metasurface unit, and the bias voltage control circuit comprises a decoding module and sixteen latch modules.

[0006] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the flexible supersurface unit includes a top copper layer, a top PI layer is arranged on the lower surface of the top copper layer, an intermediate copper layer is arranged on the lower surface of the top PI layer, a bottom PI layer is arranged on the lower surface of the intermediate copper layer, and a bottom copper layer is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom PI layer.

[0007] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a filler is provided at the bottom end of the flexible supersurface unit.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the size of the flexible supersurface unit is 6mm×6mm, the length of the rectangular metal sheet is 3.5mm, the width is 3.4mm, the rectangular metal sheet is offset from the center of the flexible supersurface unit by 0.5mm in the x direction and 1mm in the y direction, the length of the rectangular metal block is 1mm, the width is 0.3mm, the width of the metal wire is 0.15mm, the outer diameter of the metal via is 0.3mm, and the inner diameter is 0.15mm.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the diode adopts a high-frequency radio frequency diode MADP-000907-14020P, with a size of 0.5mm×0.3mm and an operating frequency of 40GHz.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the thickness of the top PI layer is 115 μm, the thickness of the bottom PI layer is 50 μm, and the thickness of the top copper layer, the middle copper layer and the bottom copper layer are all 23 μm.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, when the voltage applied to the diode is 0V, the state is ON, and when the voltage is 1.3V, the state is OFF. When the diode is turned on, it is in the ON state, and the equivalent parameters are capacitance 0.025pF and resistance 0Ω. When the diode is closed, it is in the OFF state, and the equivalent parameters are capacitance 0pF and resistance 5.2Ω. The supersurface mutation phase is changed by driving the voltage to control the on-off state of the diode to achieve the encoding effect.

[0012] The preparation method of the microwave control system comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing the super surface; step 2, preparing the bottom filler;

[0013] Wherein in the above step 1, a flexible metasurface unit and a surface resonance structure are prepared;

[0014] In the above step 2, a bottom filler of the curved super surface is made, and the super surface is covered on the filler.

[0015] As a further technical solution of the present invention, in the step one, polyimide with good bendability is used as the material substrate, and copper material is used to prepare flexible metasurface units according to the size. The flexible metasurface is composed of 16×16 flexible metasurface units. Copper parts are used for the electrical connection of the resonant structure and the active devices, and the sample is prepared using a thin-film circuit board manufacturing process.

[0016] As a further technical solution of the present invention, in the step 2, a bottom filler of the curved hypersurface is made, and the hypersurface is covered on top of the filler so that the hypersurface obtains a stable bending angle. According to the arc angle and arc length formula L=N×π*R / 180, where L represents the arc length and N represents the degree of the central angle, the arc length L can be determined after the hypersurface is completed. By setting the degree of the central angle N, the radius R can be obtained, and then the size and shape of the filler can be obtained. According to the formula, 3D printing is used to produce hypersurface bottom fillers with central angles a of 10 degrees and 20 degrees.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention proposes a flexible 1-bit programmable metasurface technology, which aims to achieve dynamic regulation of electromagnetic waves by introducing a reconfigurable electromagnetic response mechanism. The flexible 1-bit programmable metasurface of the present invention utilizes active devices added to the unit structure to adjust its electromagnetic characteristics, such as amplitude, phase and polarization, under different working conditions, so as to adapt to different electromagnetic environments and application requirements. In addition, the flexible base also gives the metasurface more functional reuse capabilities. This programmable capability greatly enhances the applicability and flexibility of the metasurface, enabling it to play a greater role in many fields such as wireless communications, radar systems, and sensor networks. The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the limitations of the prior art by providing a dynamically adjustable flexible metasurface, promote the practical application of metasurface technology in a wider range and more complex application scenarios, send different codes to the control circuit through a single-chip microcomputer, change the output voltage of each channel of the control circuit to switch between 0V and 1.3V, thereby adjusting the response state of the diode on the flexible metasurface, thereby achieving functional programmability, and utilizing the good bendability of the substrate material to achieve functional reuse at different bending angles. In addition, the good bendability also makes the present invention have great application potential in the field of flexible skin and wearable devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural cross-sectional view of the flexible super-surface unit of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 The surface shape and size of the flexible super surface unit of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the bending of the flexible super surface of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is the reflection amplitude S parameter of the metasurface unit with different dielectric thicknesses of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 is the equivalent circuit parameter of the diode of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 A filler for the flexible super surface of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 The curved object and the enlarged view of the super surface unit of the flexible super surface of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 The flexible super surface object of the present invention and the required main control circuit board;

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the main control circuit of the metasurface of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.10 A decoding module of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.11 A latch module of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.12 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.13 is the amplitude response S parameter of the metasurface unit of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.14 is the phase response S parameter of the metasurface unit of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.15 The 20 mm focused metasurface phase of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.16 The 40 mm focused metasurface phase of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.17 The electric field distribution of the transmission plane of the metasurface reflection under the 20mm focusing condition of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.18 The focal plane electric field distribution of the metasurface reflection under the 20mm focusing condition of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.19 The electric field distribution of the transmission plane of the metasurface reflection under the 20mm focusing condition of the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 20 The focal plane electric field distribution of the metasurface reflection under the 20mm focusing condition of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.21 A diagram for placing the metasurface and filler on the measurement platform;

[0039] Fig. 22 For experimental environment;

[0040] Fig.23 This is the electric field intensity diagram of the transmission plane under 20mm focusing condition when the flexible metasurface is bent 10 degrees;

[0041] Fig.24 This is the electric field intensity diagram of the focal plane under 20mm focusing condition when the flexible metasurface is bent 10 degrees;

[0042] Fig.25 This is the coding diagram of the flexible metasurface when the flexible metasurface is bent 10 degrees and focused at 20mm;

[0043] Fig.26 The electric field intensity diagram of the transmission plane under 40mm focusing condition when the flexible metasurface is bent 10 degrees;

[0044] Fig. 27 This is the electric field intensity diagram of the focal plane at 40mm focusing when the flexible metasurface is bent 10 degrees;

[0045] Fig.28 This is the coding diagram of the flexible metasurface when focusing at 40mm when the flexible metasurface is bent 10 degrees.

[0046] In the figure: 1. Flexible metasurface unit; 11. Top copper layer; 12. Top PI layer; 13. Middle copper layer; 14. Bottom PI layer; 15. Bottom copper layer; 16. Filler; 17. Rectangular metal sheet; 18. Metal wire; 19. Metal via; 110. Diode; 111. Rectangular metal block; 2. Bias voltage control circuit; 21. Decoding module; 22. Latch module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Please see attached Figure 1 -Attached Fig.11 The present invention provides an embodiment: a microwave control system, comprising a flexible metasurface unit 1, a rectangular metal sheet 17 is arranged on the flexible metasurface unit 1, a metal wire 18 is arranged on one side of the rectangular metal sheet 17, a metal via 19 is arranged at one end of the metal wire 18, a diode 110 is arranged on the other side of the rectangular metal sheet 17, a rectangular metal block 111 is arranged on the diode 110, a bias voltage control circuit 2 is electrically connected to the flexible metasurface unit 1, and the bias voltage control circuit 2 includes a decoding module 21 and sixteen latch modules 22; the flexible metasurface unit 1 is provided with a rectangular metal sheet 17, a metal wire 18 is arranged on one side of the rectangular metal sheet 17, a metal via 19 is arranged at one end of the metal wire 18, a diode 110 is arranged on the other side of the rectangular metal sheet 17, and a rectangular metal block 111 is arranged on the diode 110. The flexible metasurface unit 1 is electrically connected to a bias voltage control circuit 2, and the bias voltage control circuit 2 includes a decoding module 21 and sixteen latch modules 22; The flexible metasurface unit 1 comprises a top copper layer 11, a top PI layer 12 is arranged on the lower surface of the top copper layer 11, an intermediate copper layer 13 is arranged on the lower surface of the top PI layer 12, a bottom PI layer 14 is arranged on the lower surface of the intermediate copper layer 13, and a bottom copper layer 15 is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom PI layer 14; a filler 16 is arranged on the bottom end of the flexible metasurface unit 1; the size of the flexible metasurface unit 1 is 6 mm×6 mm, the rectangular metal sheet 17 is 3.5 mm long and 3.4 mm wide, and the rectangular metal sheet 17 is 1.5 mm away from the center of the flexible metasurface unit 1. The center offset is 0.5mm in the x direction and 1mm in the y direction. The rectangular metal block 111 is 1mm long and 0.3mm wide. The metal wire 18 is 0.15mm wide. The outer diameter of the metal via 19 is 0.3mm and the inner diameter is 0.15mm. The diode 110 uses a high-frequency RF diode 110MADP-000907-14020P with a size of 0.5mm×0.3mm and an operating frequency of 40GHz. The thickness of the top PI layer 12 is 115μm, the thickness of the bottom PI layer 14 is 50μm, and the top The thickness of the copper layer 11, the middle copper layer 13 and the bottom copper layer 15 are all 23μm; when the voltage applied to the diode 110 is 0V, the state is ON, and when the voltage is 1.3V, the state is OFF. When the diode 110 is turned on, it is in the ON state, and the equivalent parameters are capacitance 0.025pF and resistance 0Ω. When the diode 110 is closed, it is in the OFF state, and the equivalent parameters are capacitance 0pF and resistance 5.2Ω. The supersurface mutation phase is changed by driving the voltage to control the on-off state of the diode 110 to achieve the encoding effect.

[0049] Please see attached Fig.12 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a method for preparing a microwave control system, comprising step one, preparing a super surface; step two, preparing a bottom filler;

[0050] In the above step 1, a flexible metasurface unit 1 and a surface resonance structure are prepared, polyimide with good bendability is used as a material substrate, and a copper material is used to prepare a flexible metasurface unit 1 according to the size, the flexible metasurface is composed of 16×16 flexible metasurface units 1, the electrical connection between the resonance structure and the active device uses copper parts, and the sample is prepared using a thin film circuit board manufacturing process;

[0051] In the above step 2, a bottom filler 16 of a curved hypersurface is made, and the hypersurface is covered on top of the filler 16 so that the hypersurface obtains a stable bending angle. According to the arc angle and arc length formula L=N×π*R / 180, where L represents the arc length and N represents the degree of the center angle, the arc length L can be determined after the hypersurface is made. By setting the degree of the center angle N, the radius R can be obtained, and then the size and shape of the filler can be obtained. According to the formula, 3D printing is used to make the bottom filler 16 of the hypersurface with a center angle a of 10 degrees and 20 degrees.

[0052] Please see attached Fig.13 -Attached Fig. 20 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: simulate and calculate the reflection S parameters of the metasurface unit, use CST software for simulation calculation, and obtain the S parameter image. In the figure, it can be seen that when the phase difference is about 180 degrees, the frequency response of the metasurface is about 20.6GHz and 23GHz. Combined with the amplitude response diagram, the frequency band that can achieve a better amplitude effect is about 20.6GHz, and both are above 0.7. Therefore, the frequency based on this metasurface design is 20.6GHz. The metasurface array consists of 16×16 units with a total size of 96×96mm, which is relatively small. Use CST simulation software to After the surface units are arranged in sequence, the focusing phase distribution diagrams 20mm and 40mm above the center of the metasurface are calculated according to the formula. The model is equivalent by setting the state of the equivalent circuit of the diode integrated on the metasurface, and the metasurface unit is encoded. The equivalent RLC circuit of the diode on the metasurface unit is set to ON or OFF state to set whether the metasurface unit corresponds to code 0 or code 1. The encoding is performed according to the phase distribution, and the transmission plane diagram and focal plane diagram of the 20mm focusing of the metasurface are obtained through CST simulation calculation. The position with the largest amplitude is selected as the focal plane from the transmission plane diagram.

[0053] Please see attached Fig.21 -Attached Fig.28, an embodiment provided by the present invention: a metasurface and a filler are placed on a measuring platform, and a series of control panels are placed behind the metasurface and the absorbing material to avoid electrical interference to the measurement results. At the same time, absorbing materials are placed around the metasurface to avoid reflection interference of the material. The reason why absorbing materials are not placed on the right side is that the probe has a size limit. If it is covered with materials, the microwave probe will be blocked, so that the near-field electric field cannot be scanned. The core advantage of the present invention is to solve the defect that the hard metasurface cannot be bent, and the effect of microwave focusing can be achieved at different bending angles. The experiment measured that the present invention can achieve microwave focusing at bending angles of 0°, 10°, and 20°. The actual focal length and focusing efficiency are shown in Table 1. In this experimental environment, the speaker is on the right and the sample is on the left. The probe will scan the reflected electric field of the flexible metasurface through the microwave electric field scanning system. To verify the function of the present invention, three different metasurface states of no bending, bending 10°, and bending 20° are measured, and the effects of 20mm focusing and 40mm focusing are measured respectively. The good implementation effect confirms that the present invention can be applied to non-flat surfaces, solving the defect that the hard metasurface can only work on a completely flat surface.

[0054] Table 1 Effect of electromagnetic wave focusing under bending conditions of flexible metasurface

[0055]

[0056] Based on the above, the advantages of the present invention are: the present invention designs a 1-bit programmable flexible electromagnetic metasurface with an operating frequency of about 22 GHz band based on the flexible electromagnetic metasurface and the bias voltage control circuit 2, each unit has a diode 110, and by changing the voltage bias on the diode 110, the phase delay of the microwave reflected by the metasurface can be switched between 0 and π, thereby realizing 1-bit encoding of the flexible metasurface unit 1, and programming of the flexible metasurface is realized by 1-bit encoding of each unit on the flexible metasurface. Both simulation and experiment have proved that the flexible metasurface has the function of focusing microwave beams. In the case of a fixed metasurface metal shape, the factors that affect the control of metasurface electromagnetic waves are the inherent properties of the material such as the thickness and dielectric constant of the medium. When the PI layer is selected as the intermediate dielectric layer, the reflection s parameter of the metasurface unit will change when the dielectric thickness changes. The dielectric thickness ranges from 60μm to 150μm. As the dielectric becomes thicker, the valley bottom of the reflected electromagnetic wave amplitude will become higher. Since the electromagnetic response generally occurs at the valley bottom, it is very necessary to select a suitable dielectric layer thickness so that the flexible metasurface unit 1 has a good amplitude response when the electromagnetic wave is incident. Combining the actual manufacturing process and In order to meet the requirement of good amplitude response, the thickness of the top PI layer 12 and the bottom PI layer 14 are selected to be 115μm and 50μm respectively, the top copper layer 11, the middle copper layer 13 and the bottom copper layer 15 are all 23μm, and the surface resonance structure is composed of a rectangular metal sheet 17, a metal wire 18, a metal via 19, a diode 110 and a rectangular metal block 111. A filler 16 is arranged at the bottom of the metasurface. Different from the existing flexible metasurface that relies on stress to change the gap adjustment of the resonant unit to achieve the control of electromagnetic waves, the working mechanism of the flexible metasurface in the present invention is to change the on-off state of the PIN diode 110 by driving voltage The metasurface abruptly changes phase to achieve the effect of encoding. The electrical bias is changed to tune the resistance or capacitance of the diode 110, so that the unit can achieve a tunable phase response to the electromagnetic wave. 1-bit is divided into two abrupt phases 0° / 180°, corresponding to the diode 110 being disconnected (0 state) and the diode 110 being turned on (1 state). The working principle of the metasurface focusing electromagnetic waves is as follows: According to the principle of beam focusing, when a plane wave is incident on the metasurface, the electromagnetic waves reflected by the units at different positions should maintain the same phase at the focus. Therefore, the compensation phase of the metasurface unit cell at the coordinate (x, y) can be expressed as:

[0057]

[0058] The phase obtained from the above equation is continuous and needs to be digitized to encode the metasurface unit, so the digitization formula is expressed as:

[0059]

[0060] For a 1-bit coded metasurface, When , the hypersurface cell is coded as “0”, and when When the super surface unit cell is encoded as "1", the bias voltage control circuit 2 is composed of a decoding module 21 and sixteen latch modules 22, wherein the decoding module 21 is CD74HC4514M, the latch module 22 is 74FC16373ATPAG8, and the single-chip microcomputer STM32 is the main control core, which is responsible for the encoding of the super surface unit. Due to the limited control resources of STM32, it is necessary to save resources through the decoding module 21. The decoding module 21 and the latch module 22 are controlled by a certain timing logic to realize the control of 256-bit encoding. 4FC16373ATPAG8 uses 4 digital codes to select which of the 16 latch modules 22 to work. For example, to make the third latch module 22 output the code 01101 100110011, firstly, the decoding module 21 needs to input the decoding code 0011, and then the latch module 22 makes Y2 output a high level according to the input code, so that the decoding module 21 can select the third latch module 22, and the high level enables the third latch module 22 to work, and then the latch module 22 accepts the transmitted 01101100110011 code, and after keeping it for 100ms, Y2 outputs a low level to disable the decoding module 21, and the latch module 22 locks the data and outputs the state, thus completing the encoding of 16 metasurface units, and the loop steps can realize the encoding of all metasurface units. Compared with traditional metasurfaces, programmable metasurfaces have significant advantages and flexibility. Once the traditional metasurface is manufactured, its electromagnetic The response characteristics are fixed, which limits its adaptability in dynamic electromagnetic environments. In contrast, programmable metasurfaces can dynamically adjust their amplitude, phase, and polarization state according to the real-time electromagnetic environment or specific application requirements to achieve flexible control of electromagnetic waves. This dynamically adjustable characteristic gives metasurfaces higher adaptability and reconfigurability, making them show great potential in applications such as wireless communications, radar detection, and dynamic beamforming. In addition, programmable metasurfaces can optimize system performance and improve spectrum efficiency by precisely controlling the propagation path and characteristics of electromagnetic waves, while reducing system complexity and cost. Therefore, programmable metasurface technology plays a key role in promoting the development of electromagnetic systems towards intelligence, multi-functions, and software-defined radio. Compared with traditional metasurfaces, flexible metasurfaces show their unique advantages in many aspects. First, the mechanical flexibility of flexible metasurfaces enables them to fit onto irregular or deformable surfaces, such as wearable devices and flexible electronic systems, which greatly expands the application range of metasurfaces. Second, flexible metasurfaces can withstand deformations such as bending and twisting without losing their electromagnetic properties, which is difficult to achieve on traditional hard metasurfaces. In addition, flexible metasurfaces usually use lightweight, low-cost materials such as polymers and metal films during the manufacturing process, which helps to reduce overall costs and improve production efficiency. Flexible metasurfaces also have better integration capabilities and can be seamlessly integrated with flexible circuit boards and other flexible electronic components, providing possibilities for the development of new flexible optoelectronic systems.Finally, the design flexibility of flexible metasurfaces allows them to operate in a wider frequency range and meet specific electromagnetic performance requirements through design optimization. Therefore, flexible metasurfaces have broad application prospects in electromagnetic wave manipulation, wireless communications, sensors, wearable devices and other fields, and provide new ideas and methods for the design of future flexible electronic systems.

[0061] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A microwave control system, comprising a flexible metasurface unit (1), characterized in that: The flexible metasurface unit (1) is provided with a rectangular metal sheet (17), a metal wire (18) is provided on one side of the rectangular metal sheet (17), a metal via (19) is provided at one end of the metal wire (18), a diode (110) is provided on the other side of the rectangular metal sheet (17), a rectangular metal block (111) is provided on the diode (110), and the flexible metasurface unit (1) is electrically connected to a bias voltage control circuit (2), the bias voltage control circuit (2) comprising a decoding module (21) and sixteen latch modules (22).

2. The microwave control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible metasurface unit (1) comprises a top copper layer (11), a top PI layer (12) is arranged on the lower surface of the top copper layer (11), an intermediate copper layer (13) is arranged on the lower surface of the top PI layer (12), a bottom PI layer (14) is arranged on the lower surface of the intermediate copper layer (13), and a bottom copper layer (15) is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom PI layer (14).

3. The microwave control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A filler (16) is provided at the bottom end of the flexible supersurface unit (1).

4. The microwave control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the flexible super surface unit (1) is 6 mm×6 mm, the rectangular metal sheet (17) is 3.5 mm long and 3.4 mm wide, the rectangular metal sheet (17) is offset from the center of the flexible super surface unit (1) by 0.5 mm in the x direction and 1 mm in the y direction, the rectangular metal block (111) is 1 mm long and 0.3 mm wide, the metal wire (18) is 0.15 mm wide, and the metal via (19) has an outer diameter of 0.3 mm and an inner diameter of 0.15 mm.

5. The microwave control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diode (110) is a high-frequency radio frequency diode (110) MADP-000907-14020P, with a size of 0.5 mm×0.3 mm and an operating frequency of 40 GHz.

6. The microwave control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the top PI layer (12) is 115 μm, the thickness of the bottom PI layer (14) is 50 μm, and the thickness of the top copper layer (11), the middle copper layer (13) and the bottom copper layer (15) are all 23 μm.

7. The microwave control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the voltage applied to the diode (110) is 0V, the state is ON; when the voltage is 1.3V, the state is OFF; when the diode (110) is turned on, it is in the ON state, and the equivalent parameters are a capacitance of 0.025pF and a resistance of 0Ω; when the diode (110) is closed, it is in the OFF state, and the equivalent parameters are a capacitance of 0pF and a resistance of 5.2Ω. The on-off state of the diode (110) is controlled by a driving voltage to change the supersurface mutation phase, thereby achieving a coding effect.

8. A method for preparing a microwave control system, comprising step 1, preparing a super surface; step 2, preparing a bottom filler; characterized in that: In the above step 1, a flexible metasurface unit (1) and a surface resonance structure are prepared; In the above step 2, a bottom filler (16) of the curved super surface is manufactured, and the super surface is covered on the filler (16).

9. The method for preparing a microwave control system according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step 1, polyimide with good bendability is used as a material substrate, and copper material is used to prepare flexible metasurface units (1) according to size. The flexible metasurface consists of 16×16 flexible metasurface units (1). Copper parts are used for electrical connection between the resonant structure and the active device. The sample is prepared using a thin-film circuit board manufacturing process.

10. The method for preparing a microwave control system according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step 2, a bottom filler (16) of a curved hypersurface is manufactured, and the hypersurface is covered on the filler (16) so that the hypersurface obtains a stable bending angle. According to the arc angle and arc length formula L=N×π*R / 180, where L represents the arc length and N represents the degree of the center angle, the arc length L can be determined after the hypersurface is manufactured. By setting the degree of the center angle N, the radius R can be obtained, and then the size and shape of the filler can be obtained. According to the formula, 3D printing is used to manufacture the bottom fillers (16) of the hypersurface with center angles a of 10 degrees and 20 degrees.

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