An Optimization Method and Device for the Capacity of a Photovoltaic Hydrogen Energy Storage System

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic electrolytic hydrogen production, and particularly to an optimization method and device for the capacity of a photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system. By means of a preset hydrogen energy storage priority storage strategy, target parameters and optimization objectives are obtained, and then based on the target parameters and optimization objectives, constraint conditions and an objective function are established. Finally, based on the objective function and constraint conditions, the optimal configuration capacity of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system is output. Therefore, the above technical solution can reasonably optimize the configuration capacity of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic electrolysis hydrogen production, and particularly to an optimization method and device for the capacity of a photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] A photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system mainly includes devices such as a photovoltaic cell, an electrolyzer, a hydrogen storage tank, and a chemical energy battery. To meet the hydrogen supply demand, it is necessary to ensure that the hydrogen production amount of the electrolyzer is not less than the hydrogen supply demand.

[0003] However, when optimizing the capacity of a photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system in the prior art, the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system is usually dynamic for hydrogen supply and does not consider the scenario of continuous and stable hydrogen supply, which results in the system being unable to optimize the capacity configuration reasonably.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes an optimization method and device for the capacity of a photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system to solve the technical problem of unreasonable optimization of the configuration capacity of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention describes an optimization method and device for the capacity of a photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system, which can reasonably optimize the configuration capacity of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system.

[0006] According to the first aspect, the present invention provides an optimization method for the capacity of a photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system, characterized by including:

[0007] Based on a preset hydrogen energy storage priority storage strategy, obtaining target parameters and an optimization goal; wherein, the target parameters include photovoltaic power output, electrolyzer hydrogen production amount, hydrogen storage tank capacity, and chemical energy battery capacity, and the optimization goal includes economic cost, curtailment penalty cost, and power purchase cost;

[0008] Based on the target parameters and the optimization goal, establishing constraint conditions and an objective function; wherein, the constraint conditions include power balance constraint, chemical energy battery energy storage state constraint, hydrogen energy storage system constraint, and photovoltaic power output constraint;

[0009] Based on the objective function and the constraint conditions, outputting the optimal configuration capacity of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system.

[0010] According to the second aspect, an optimization device for the capacity of a photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system includes:

[0011] An acquisition unit configured to obtain target parameters and an optimization goal based on a preset hydrogen energy storage priority storage strategy; wherein, the target parameters include photovoltaic power output, electrolyzer hydrogen production amount, hydrogen storage tank capacity, and chemical energy battery capacity, and the optimization goal includes economic cost, curtailment penalty cost, and power purchase cost;

[0012] A building unit, configured to establish constraint conditions and an objective function based on the target parameters and the optimization objective; wherein, the constraint conditions include power balance constraints, chemical energy battery energy storage state constraints, hydrogen energy storage system constraints, and photovoltaic power output constraints;

[0013] An output unit, configured to output the optimal configuration capacity of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system based on the objective function and the constraint conditions.

[0014] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present specification further provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor. A computer program is stored in the memory, and when the processor executes the computer program, the method described in any embodiment of the present specification is implemented.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present specification further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed on a computer, the computer is made to execute the method described in any embodiment of the present specification.

[0016] According to an optimization method and device for the capacity of a photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system provided by the present invention, by means of a preset hydrogen energy storage priority storage strategy, target parameters and an optimization objective are obtained, then constraint conditions and an objective function are established based on the target parameters and the optimization objective, and finally, the optimal configuration capacity of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system is output based on the objective function and the constraint conditions. Therefore, the above technical solution can reasonably optimize the configuration capacity of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 Shows a flowchart of an optimization method for the capacity of a photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system according to an embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 Shows a schematic block diagram of an optimization device for the capacity of a photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system according to an embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 Shows a flowchart of a hydrogen energy storage priority storage strategy according to an embodiment;

[0021] Figure 4 Shows a flowchart of a multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm according to an embodiment;

[0022] Figure 5 Shows the architecture diagram of a photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system according to an embodiment. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1 Shows a schematic flow chart of a method for optimizing the capacity of a photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system according to an embodiment. It can be understood that this method can be executed by any device, equipment, platform, or equipment cluster with computing and processing capabilities. The method includes:

[0025] Step 100: Based on a preset hydrogen energy storage priority storage strategy, obtain target parameters and optimization objectives; wherein, the target parameters include photovoltaic power output, hydrogen production amount of the electrolyzer, capacity of the hydrogen storage tank, and capacity of the chemical energy battery, and the optimization objectives include economic cost, curtailment penalty cost, and power purchase cost;

[0026] Step 102: Based on the target parameters and optimization objectives, establish constraint conditions and an objective function; wherein, the constraint conditions include power balance constraint, chemical energy battery energy storage state constraint, hydrogen energy storage system constraint, and photovoltaic power output constraint;

[0027] Step 104: Based on the objective function and constraint conditions, output the optimal configuration capacity of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system.

[0028] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the hydrogen energy storage priority storage strategy includes:

[0029] Determine the configuration capacities of the photovoltaic modules, electrolyzer, hydrogen storage tank, and chemical energy battery, and calculate the photovoltaic power output according to the irradiation;

[0030] When the photovoltaic power output can satisfy the electrolyzer for power supply to produce hydrogen and the capacity of the hydrogen storage tank can store the remaining hydrogen, the hydrogen storage tank stores hydrogen;

[0031] When the photovoltaic power output can satisfy the electrolyzer for power supply to produce hydrogen and the capacity of the hydrogen storage tank cannot store the remaining hydrogen, the chemical energy battery is charged;

[0032] When the photovoltaic power output cannot satisfy the electrolyzer for power supply to produce hydrogen and the chemical energy battery can satisfy the electrolyzer for power supply to produce hydrogen, the chemical energy battery discharges;

[0033] When the photovoltaic output cannot meet the power supply for the electrolyzer to produce hydrogen and the chemical energy battery cannot meet the power supply for the electrolyzer to produce hydrogen, the hydrogen storage tank supplies hydrogen;

[0034] When the chemical energy battery capacity cannot store the remaining green electricity and there is curtailment, the curtailment rate of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system is calculated;

[0035] When the photovoltaic output cannot meet the power supply for the electrolyzer to produce hydrogen, the chemical energy battery cannot meet the power supply for the electrolyzer to produce hydrogen, and the hydrogen storage tank capacity cannot meet the power supply for the electrolyzer to produce hydrogen, the power purchase rate of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system is calculated;

[0036] When the system exceeds the preset operating duration, the curtailment rate and the power purchase rate are output.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 5 , the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system consists of a photovoltaic, an electrolyzer, a hydrogen storage tank and a chemical energy battery. Among them, the electrolyzer can receive three power sources: photovoltaic power generation, chemical energy battery discharge and grid power purchase. The hydrogen produced can be stored in the hydrogen storage tank in addition to meeting the hydrogen supply demand. The hydrogen storage tank is responsible for storing and supplying hydrogen, and the chemical energy battery stores photovoltaic power generation and supplies power to the electrolyzer. For the hydrogen energy storage priority strategy, when the photovoltaic output for power supply to the electrolyzer to produce hydrogen still has surplus green electricity after meeting the hydrogen supply demand, hydrogen storage in the hydrogen storage tank is considered first and then charging of the chemical energy battery. When the photovoltaic output for power supply to produce hydrogen is insufficient to supply hydrogen, chemical energy battery discharge to produce hydrogen is considered first and then hydrogen release from the hydrogen storage tank.

[0038] In this embodiment, when optimizing the capacity of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system by the existing method, devices such as photovoltaic modules, electrolyzers, and hydrogen storage tanks in the system are usually modeled, with power balance, device operating status, and power consumption requirements as constraints, and low economy, low curtailment rate, and maximized hydrogen energy output as goals to optimize the configuration capacity of various devices in the system. The consideration of curtailment and power purchase is the proportion of curtailment and power purchase, and both are very small values relative to the economic cost in the optimization goal. The result obtained by the optimization algorithm for solving three orders of magnitude completely unbalanced optimization goals is unreasonable. The method proposed by the present invention adds hydrogen energy storage system constraints in addition to meeting the power balance constraints and device operating status constraints of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system, and performs multi-objective optimization with economic cost, curtailment penalty cost, and power purchase cost as goals.

[0039] Through the preset hydrogen energy storage priority storage strategy, target parameters and optimization goals are obtained. Then, based on the target parameters and optimization goals, constraint conditions and objective functions are established. Finally, based on the objective function and constraint conditions, the optimal configuration capacity of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system is output. Therefore, the above technical solution can reasonably optimize the configuration capacity of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system.

[0040] In some embodiments, the multi-objective particle swarm algorithm is used based on the objective function and constraints to solve the capacity configuration of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system, and the optimal configuration capacity scheme is obtained, so that the economic cost, curtailment penalty cost and power purchase cost of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system capacity configuration are relatively minimized, as Figure 4 The solution process shown includes:

[0041] Define the position and velocity of the particles, and randomly generate an initial particle swarm based on the configuration capacity of each component;

[0042] Based on the objective function, calculate the fitness value of each particle;

[0043] Compare the current fitness value and the historical optimal value of each particle, and update the historical optimal solution of each particle;

[0044] Compare the historical optimal values of all particles and update the global optimal solution;

[0045] Based on the current position, velocity, historical optimal solution and global optimal solution of each particle, update the position and velocity of each particle;

[0046] When the preset maximum number of iterations or the objective function is reached, output the final global optimal solution.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen production amount of the electrolyzer is determined by the following formula:

[0048] P out_H2 (t) = η1P in_ele (t)

[0049] In the formula, P out_H2 (t) is the hydrogen production amount of the electrolyzer, η1 is the conversion ratio of the electricity of the electrolyzer to hydrogen, and P in_ele (t) is the input power of the electrolyzer.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present invention, the capacity of the hydrogen storage tank is determined by the following formula:

[0051]

[0052] In the formula, E H2(t) is the hydrogen storage amount of the hydrogen storage tank, η2 is the storage efficiency of the hydrogen storage tank, η3 is the release efficiency of the hydrogen storage tank, and D H2 (t) is the hydrogen delivery rate during hydrogen supply.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present invention, the capacity of the chemical energy battery is determined by the following formula:

[0054]

[0055] In the formula, E sc(t) is the remaining power, P sc_dis (t) is the discharge output power of the chemical energy battery when it supplies power to the electrolyzer, P sc_ch (t) is the charging output power when photovoltaics charge chemical energy batteries, η4 is the charging efficiency of chemical energy batteries, and η5 is the discharge efficiency of chemical energy batteries.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present invention, the economic cost includes annual investment and construction cost and operating cost;

[0057] The annual investment and construction cost is determined by the following formula:

[0058] C in =C in,electrolyzer +C in，H2 +C ii,sc

[0059]

[0060] Where C in is the annual investment and construction cost, C electrolyzer is the annual investment cost of the electrolytic cell, C H2 is the annual investment cost of the hydrogen storage tank, C sc is the annual investment cost of the chemical energy battery, ρ1 is the investment cost coefficient of the electrolyzer, ρ2 is the investment cost coefficient of the hydrogen storage tank, ρ3 is the investment cost coefficient of the chemical energy battery, R H2 is the configuration capacity of the hydrogen storage tank; R sc is the configured capacity of the chemical energy battery; r is the annual interest rate; N is the operating life of the system.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present invention, the operating cost is determined by the following formula:

[0062]

[0063] Where C o is the operating cost, C o，electrolyzer is the annual operating cost of the electrolyzer, C o，H2 is the annual operating cost of the hydrogen storage tank, C o，sc is the annual operating cost of the chemical energy battery.

[0064] In one embodiment of the present invention, the economic cost is determined by the following formula:

[0065] f1=C in +C o .

[0066] In one embodiment of the present invention, the penalty cost for abandoning light is determined by the following formula:

[0067]

[0068] Wherein, P excess (t) is the amount of curtailed PV power, and pricc(t) is the time-of-use electricity price of the power grid.

[0069] In this embodiment, the PV output changes with the illumination. If the PV output exceeds the load demand, curtailed PV power will occur. In the system, the capacity of the hydrogen energy storage system can be reasonably planned through the above formula to reduce the cost of curtailed PV power penalty.

[0070] In an embodiment of the present invention, the power purchase cost is determined by the following formula:

[0071]

[0072] Wherein, P buy (t) is the amount of electricity purchased from the power grid.

[0073] In this embodiment, the power supply reliability is an important index characterizing the operation stability of the system. The power grid power purchase is the key to realizing the reliability. The power purchase cost of the power grid can be calculated through the above formula

[0074] In an embodiment of the present invention, the power balance constraint is determined by the following formula:

[0075] P pv (t)+P buy (t)+P sc_dis (t) = P excess (t)+P in_ele (t)+P sc_ch (t)

[0076] Wherein, P pv (t) is the PV power generation.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present invention, the chemical energy battery energy storage state constraint is determined by the following formula:

[0078]

[0079] Wherein, SOC sc (t) is the ratio of the remaining power to the battery capacity.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen energy storage system constraint is determined by the following formula:

[0081]

[0082] Wherein, SOC sc_min (t) is the minimum ratio of the remaining power to the battery capacity, and SOC sc_max (t) is the maximum ratio of the remaining power to the battery capacity.

[0083] In this embodiment, due to the capacity limitation of the hydrogen storage system, the input power of the electrolyzer, the amount of hydrogen charged into the hydrogen storage tank, the amount of hydrogen released from the hydrogen storage tank, and the output power of the chemical energy battery need to meet certain requirements, and the requirements of the system can be met through the above formula.

[0084] In an embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic output constraint is determined by the following formula:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula, P pv_out (t) is the photovoltaic output, is the maximum output power of photovoltaic power generation.

[0087] In an embodiment of the present invention, the objective function is determined by the following formula

[0088]

[0089] In the formula, f1 is the economic cost, f2 is the curtailment penalty cost, f3 is the power purchase cost, w1 is the weight coefficient of the economic cost, w2 is the weight coefficient of the curtailment penalty cost, and w3 is the weight coefficient of the power purchase cost.

[0090] In this embodiment, the present invention models devices such as photovoltaic, electrolyzer, hydrogen storage tank, and chemical energy battery in the photovoltaic hydrogen storage system. To meet continuous hydrogen supply, it is required that the hydrogen production rate of the hydrogen production device is not lower than the hydrogen supply rate. In addition, to make the optimization result more reasonable, the curtailment penalty cost and the power purchase cost are used to replace the curtailment rate and the power purchase rate.

[0091] According to an embodiment of another aspect, the present invention provides an optimization device for the capacity of a photovoltaic hydrogen storage system. Figure 2 The schematic block diagram of an adjustment device for a hydrogen production system converter according to an embodiment is shown. It can be understood that the device can be implemented by any device, equipment, platform, and equipment cluster with computing and processing capabilities. As Figure 2 shown, the device includes: an acquisition unit 200, a construction unit 202, and an output unit 204, wherein the main functions of each component unit are as follows:

[0092] The acquisition unit 200 is configured to obtain target parameters and optimization objectives based on a preset hydrogen storage priority storage strategy; wherein, the target parameters include photovoltaic output, hydrogen production amount of the electrolyzer, hydrogen storage tank capacity, and chemical energy battery capacity, and the optimization objectives include economic cost, curtailment penalty cost, and power purchase cost;

[0093] The establishment unit 202 is configured to establish constraint conditions and an objective function based on target parameters and an optimization objective; wherein, the constraint conditions include power balance constraints, chemical energy battery energy storage state constraints, hydrogen energy storage system constraints, and photovoltaic power output constraints;

[0094] The output unit 204 is configured to output the optimal configuration capacity of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system based on the objective function and the constraint conditions.

[0095] As a preferred implementation manner, the hydrogen production amount of the electrolyzer is determined by the following formula:

[0096] P out_H2 (t) = η1P in_ele (t)

[0097] In the formula, P out_H2 (t) is the hydrogen production amount of the electrolyzer, η1 is the conversion ratio of electricity to hydrogen of the electrolyzer, and P in_ele (t) is the input power of the electrolyzer.

[0098] As a preferred implementation manner, the capacity of the hydrogen storage tank is determined by the following formula:

[0099]

[0100] In the formula, E H2 (t) is the hydrogen storage amount of the hydrogen storage tank, η2 is the storage efficiency of the hydrogen storage tank, η3 is the release efficiency of the hydrogen storage tank, and D H2 (t) is the hydrogen delivery rate during hydrogen supply.

[0101] As a preferred implementation manner, the capacity of the chemical energy battery is determined by the following formula:

[0102]

[0103] In the formula, E sc (t) is the remaining power, P sc_dis (t) is the discharge output power when the chemical energy battery supplies power to the electrolyzer, P sc_ch (t) is the charging output power when the photovoltaic charges the chemical energy battery, η4 is the charging efficiency of the chemical energy battery, and η5 is the discharge efficiency of the chemical energy battery.

[0104] As a preferred implementation manner, the economic cost includes the annual investment and construction cost and the operation cost;

[0105] The annual investment and construction cost is determined by the following formula:

[0106] C in = C in，electrolyzer 1]+ C in，H2 + C in，sc

[0107]

[0108] Where C in is the annual investment and construction cost, C electrolyzer is the annual investment cost of the electrolytic cell, C H2 is the annual investment cost of the hydrogen storage tank, C sc is the annual investment cost of the chemical energy battery, ρ1 is the investment cost coefficient of the electrolyzer, ρ2 is the investment cost coefficient of the hydrogen storage tank, ρ3 is the investment cost coefficient of the chemical energy battery, R H2 is the configuration capacity of the hydrogen storage tank; R sc is the configured capacity of the chemical energy battery; r is the annual interest rate; N is the operating life of the system.

[0109] As a preferred embodiment, the operating cost is determined by the following formula:

[0110]

[0111] Where C o is the operating cost, C o，electroluzer is the annual operating cost of the electrolyzer, C o，H2 is the annual operating cost of the hydrogen storage tank, C o，sc is the annual operating cost of the chemical energy battery.

[0112] As a preferred embodiment, the economic cost is determined by the following formula:

[0113] f1=C in +C o .

[0114] As a preferred implementation, the penalty cost for abandoned light is determined by the following formula:

[0115]

[0116] Where, P excess (t) is the amount of abandoned solar power, and pricc(t) is the time-of-use electricity price of the power grid.

[0117] As a preferred embodiment, the electricity purchase cost is determined by the following formula:

[0118]

[0119] Where, P buy (t) is the amount of electricity purchased from the power grid.

[0120] As a preferred implementation, the power balance constraint is determined by the following formula:

[0121] Ppv (t) + P buy (t) + P sc_dis (t) = P excess (t) + P in_ele (t) + P sc_ch (t)

[0122] Wherein, P pv (t) is the photovoltaic power generation amount.

[0123] As a preferred embodiment, the chemical energy battery energy storage state constraint is determined by the following formula:

[0124]

[0125] Wherein, SOC sc (t) is the ratio of the remaining power to the battery capacity.

[0126] As a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen energy storage system constraint is determined by the following formula:

[0127]

[0128] Wherein, SOC sc_min (t) is the minimum ratio of the remaining power to the battery capacity, and SOC sc_max (t) is the maximum ratio of the remaining power to the battery capacity.

[0129] As a preferred embodiment, the photovoltaic output constraint is determined by the following formula:

[0130]

[0131] Wherein, P pvout (t) is the photovoltaic output, is the maximum output power of the photovoltaic power generation.

[0132] As a preferred embodiment, the objective function is determined by the following formula

[0133]

[0134] Wherein, f1 is the economic cost, f2 is the curtailment penalty cost, f3 is the power purchase cost, w1 is the weight coefficient of the economic cost, w2 is the weight coefficient of the curtailment penalty cost, and w3 is the weight coefficient of the power purchase cost.

[0135] According to an embodiment of another aspect, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed in a computer, the computer is made to execute the method described in conjunction with Figure 1 the above.

[0136] According to an embodiment of still another aspect, an electronic device is further provided, including a memory and a processor. An executable code is stored in the memory. When the processor executes the executable code, the method combined with Figure 1 is implemented.

[0137] Each embodiment in the present invention is described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the device embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the relevant parts, reference can be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.

[0138] Those skilled in the art should be able to realize that in the above one or more examples, the functions described in the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, these functions can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium.

[0139] The above specific implementation manners further elaborate on the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only the specific implementation manners of the present invention and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optimization method for the capacity of a photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system, characterized in that Including: Based on a preset hydrogen energy storage priority storage strategy, target parameters and optimization objectives are obtained; wherein, the target parameters include photovoltaic power output, hydrogen production amount of an electrolyzer, capacity of a hydrogen storage tank, and capacity of a chemical energy battery, and the optimization objectives include economic cost, penalty cost for abandoned light, and power purchase cost; Based on the target parameters and the optimization objectives, constraint conditions and an objective function are established; wherein, the constraint conditions include power balance constraint, chemical energy battery energy storage state constraint, hydrogen energy storage system constraint, and photovoltaic power output constraint; Based on the objective function and the constraint conditions, the optimal configuration capacity of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system is output; The hydrogen energy storage priority storage strategy includes: Determine the configuration capacities of a photovoltaic module, an electrolyzer, a hydrogen storage tank, and a chemical energy battery, and calculate the photovoltaic power output according to irradiation; When the photovoltaic power output can satisfy the power supply for hydrogen production of the electrolyzer and the capacity of the hydrogen storage tank can store the remaining hydrogen, the hydrogen storage tank stores hydrogen; When the photovoltaic power output can satisfy the power supply for hydrogen production of the electrolyzer and the capacity of the hydrogen storage tank cannot store the remaining hydrogen, the chemical energy battery is charged; When the photovoltaic power output cannot satisfy the power supply for hydrogen production of the electrolyzer and the discharge of the chemical energy battery and the photovoltaic power output can satisfy the power supply for hydrogen production of the electrolyzer, the chemical energy battery discharges; When the photovoltaic power output cannot satisfy the power supply for hydrogen production of the electrolyzer and the discharge of the chemical energy battery and the photovoltaic power output cannot satisfy the power supply for hydrogen production of the electrolyzer, the photovoltaic power output, hydrogen production by discharging the chemical energy battery, and hydrogen release from the hydrogen storage tank are used to meet the hydrogen supply demand; When the photovoltaic power output, hydrogen production by discharging the chemical energy battery, and hydrogen release from the hydrogen storage tank cannot meet the hydrogen supply demand, power is purchased; When the capacity of the chemical energy battery cannot store the remaining green power, abandoned power is generated; when the system exceeds a preset operation duration, the abandoned light rate and the power purchase rate are calculated.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The hydrogen production amount of the electrolyzer is determined by the following formula: P out_H2 P(t) = η1P in_ele P(t) Where, P out_H2 (t) is the hydrogen production of the electrolyzer, η1 is the conversion ratio of the electricity of the electrolyzer to hydrogen, and P in_ele (t) is the input power of the electrolyzer; The capacity of the hydrogen storage tank is determined by the following formula: where, E H2 (t) is the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank, η2 is the storage efficiency of the hydrogen storage tank, η3 is the release efficiency of the hydrogen storage tank, D H2 (t) is the hydrogen delivery rate during hydrogen supply; The capacity of the chemical energy battery is determined by the following formula: Where, E sc (t) is the remaining power, P sc_dis (t) is the discharge output power when the chemical energy battery supplies power to the electrolytic cell, P sc_ch (t) is the charging output power when the photovoltaic panel charges the chemical energy battery, η4 is the charging efficiency of the chemical energy battery, and η5 is the discharging efficiency of the chemical energy battery.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The economic cost includes annual investment and construction cost and operation cost; The annual investment and construction cost is determined by the following formula: Where C in is the annual investment and construction cost, C in,electrolyzer is the annual investment cost of the electrolytic cell, C in,H2 is the annual investment cost of the hydrogen storage tank, C in,sc is the annual investment cost of the chemical energy battery, ρ1 is the investment cost coefficient of the electrolyzer, ρ2 is the investment cost coefficient of the hydrogen storage tank, ρ3 is the investment cost coefficient of the chemical energy battery, R H2 is the configuration capacity of the hydrogen storage tank; R sc is the configured capacity of the chemical energy battery; r is the annual interest rate; N is the operating life of the system; The operation cost is determined by the following formula: Where, C o is the operating cost, C o,electrolyzer is the annual operating cost of the electrolyzer, C o,H2 is the annual operating cost of the hydrogen storage tank, C o,sc is the annual operating cost of the chemical energy battery; The economic cost is determined by the following formula: f1 = C in + C o 。 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein The penalty cost for abandoned light is determined by the following formula: Where, P excess (t) is the amount of curtailed PV power, and price(t) is the time-of-use electricity price of the power grid.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power purchase cost is determined by the following formula: Where P buy (t) is the electricity quantity purchased from the power grid.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein The power balance constraint is determined by the following formula: P pv (t) + P buy (t) + P sc_dis (t) = P excess (t) + P in_ele (t) + P sc_ch (t) Where P pv (t) is the photovoltaic power generation; The chemical energy battery energy storage state constraint is determined by the following formula: Where SOC sc (t) is the ratio of the remaining power to the battery capacity; The hydrogen energy storage system constraint is determined by the following formula: where SOC sc_min (t) is the minimum ratio of the remaining power to the battery capacity, and SOC sc_max (t) is the maximum ratio of the remaining power to the battery capacity; The photovoltaic power output constraint is determined by the following formula: Where, P pv_out (t) is the photovoltaic output and is the maximum output power of photovoltaic power generation.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The objective function is determined by the following formula In the formula, f1 is the economic cost, f2 is the penalty cost for abandoned light, f3 is the power purchase cost, w1 is the weight coefficient of the economic cost, w2 is the weight coefficient of the penalty cost for abandoned light, and w3 is the weight coefficient of the power purchase cost.

8. An optimization device for the capacity of a photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system, characterized in that, Including: An acquisition unit, configured to obtain target parameters and an optimization objective based on a preset hydrogen energy storage priority storage strategy; wherein, the target parameters include photovoltaic power output, hydrogen production amount of an electrolyzer, hydrogen storage tank capacity, and chemical energy battery capacity, and the optimization objective includes economic cost, curtailment penalty cost, and power purchase cost; A construction unit, configured to construct constraint conditions and an objective function based on the target parameters and the optimization objective; wherein, the constraint conditions include power balance constraint, chemical energy battery energy storage state constraint, hydrogen energy storage system constraint, and photovoltaic power output constraint; An output unit, configured to output the optimal configuration capacity of the photovoltaic hydrogen energy storage system based on the objective function and the constraint conditions; The hydrogen energy storage priority storage strategy includes: Determine the configuration capacities of a photovoltaic module, an electrolyzer, a hydrogen storage tank, and a chemical energy battery, and calculate the photovoltaic power output according to irradiation; When the photovoltaic power output can satisfy the power supply for hydrogen production of the electrolyzer and the hydrogen storage tank capacity can store the remaining hydrogen, the hydrogen storage tank stores hydrogen; When the photovoltaic power output can satisfy the power supply for hydrogen production of the electrolyzer and the hydrogen storage tank capacity cannot store the remaining hydrogen, the chemical energy battery is charged; When the photovoltaic power output cannot satisfy the power supply for hydrogen production of the electrolyzer and the discharge of the chemical energy battery and the photovoltaic power output can satisfy the power supply for hydrogen production of the electrolyzer, the chemical energy battery discharges; When the photovoltaic power output cannot satisfy the power supply for hydrogen production of the electrolyzer and the discharge of the chemical energy battery and the photovoltaic power output cannot satisfy the power supply for hydrogen production of the electrolyzer, the photovoltaic power output, hydrogen production by discharging the chemical energy battery, and hydrogen release from the hydrogen storage tank are used to meet the hydrogen supply demand; When the photovoltaic power output, hydrogen production by discharging the chemical energy battery, and hydrogen release from the hydrogen storage tank cannot meet the hydrogen supply demand, power is purchased; When the chemical energy battery capacity cannot store the remaining green power, curtailment occurs; When the system is greater than a preset operation duration, the curtailment rate and the power purchase rate are calculated.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor. A computer program is stored in the memory. When the processor executes the computer program, the method described in any one of claims 1-7 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer program is stored thereon. When the computer program is executed in a computer, the computer is made to execute the method described in any one of claims 1-7.

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