Method for promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction through power battery based on NSGA-II

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of power batteries, and discloses a method for promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction by a power battery based on NSGA-II, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, collecting electricity-carbon information of the power battery, including thermal power information, wind power information, power battery information, load prediction information and power grid carbon emission intensity information; s2, constructing a target function of a model for promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction by the power battery, and taking the minimum comprehensive carbon emission cost and the minimum wind curtailment cost as a target; s3, constructing operation constraint conditions of the model for promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction by the power battery, wherein the operation constraint conditions comprise a power balance constraint condition, a thermal power generating unit power constraint condition, a wind power constraint condition and a power battery operation constraint condition; and S4, solving a model for promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction by the power battery based on NSGA-II. The method has the advantages that the wind curtailment cost can be minimized while the load side carbon emission is reduced, and the method is of great significance in supporting power grid carbon emission reduction and improving the absorption level of new energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power batteries, and in particular to a method for promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction by using a power battery based on NSGA-II. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous development of power battery technology, the importance of energy conservation and carbon reduction has become increasingly significant. Optimizing the charging and discharging behavior of power batteries, improving the ability to absorb wind power, reducing carbon emissions on the load side, and helping the grid reduce carbon emissions can minimize the cost of wind abandonment while reducing carbon emissions on the load side. This is of great significance to supporting grid carbon emission reduction and improving the level of absorption of new energy. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction by using a power battery based on NSGA-II to assist in carbon emission reduction of the power grid.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction by using a power battery based on NSGA-II comprises the following steps: S1. Collecting electricity-carbon information of power batteries, including collecting thermal power information, wind power information, power battery information, and other information, including load forecast information and grid carbon emission intensity information; S2. Construct the objective function of the power battery model to promote wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction, with the goal of minimizing the comprehensive carbon emission cost and the cost of wind power abandonment; S3. Construct the operating constraints of the power battery model to promote wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction, including power balance constraints, thermal power constraints, wind power constraints, and power battery operation constraints; the power battery participates in low-carbon control when meeting the operating constraints of the model to promote wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction: including discharging or stopping operation during periods with high factor coefficient values, and charging or operating during periods with low factor coefficient values ​​according to the carbon emission factor of the power grid; charging when wind power is difficult to consume, and discharging when wind power is insufficient, to promote wind power consumption; S4. Solve the model of power batteries promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction based on NSGA-II.

[0005] Furthermore, the electricity-carbon information collected in step S1 is expressed as follows:

[0006] in: for t Thermal power information at all times, for t Thermal power at the moment, fort The minimum thermal power at the moment, for t Maximum thermal power power at the moment; for t Wind power information at all times, for t Wind power at any given moment, for t Wind power ramp rate at any moment, for t The minimum climbing power of wind power at the moment, for t Maximum climbing power of wind power at the moment, for t The cost of wind power curtailment at each moment; for t Real-time power battery information, for t The power battery SOC value at the moment, and are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the power battery SOC, is the maximum charging power of the power battery, is the maximum discharge power of the power battery, is the power battery capacity, is the minimum charging time of the power battery, is the minimum discharge time of the power battery; For the rest of the information, for t Time-of-day load forecast information, for t Information on carbon emission intensity of the power grid at all times.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S2, the objective function of the power battery promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction model is expressed as follows:

[0008] in: for t The penalty cost of wind curtailment at each moment, for t Wind power is abandoned at all times. for t The carbon emission intensity of the power grid at any given moment, for t The charging power of the power battery at all times, For power batteries t Discharge power at the moment; For the comprehensive cost of wind curtailment, is the comprehensive carbon emission cost.

[0009] Furthermore, the power balance constraint condition constructed in step S3 is specifically to ensure that the thermal power, wind power, and energy storage power are always balanced with the load power after removing the charging power and the abandoned wind power, and is expressed as follows:

[0010] in: for t The output of thermal power units at each moment, for t Wind power forecast at each moment, for t Wind power is abandoned at all times. for t Energy storage discharge power at all times, for t Energy storage charging power at all times, for t Load power at all times; The power constraint condition of the thermal power unit constructed is expressed as follows:

[0011] in: for t The minimum power generation capacity of thermal power units at the moment, for t The maximum power generation capacity of the thermal power unit at the moment, for t The output of thermal power units at all times; The constructed wind power constraint condition is expressed as follows:

[0012] in: for t Wind power ramp rate at any moment, for t The minimum wind power ramp rate at the moment, for t Maximum wind power ramp rate at the moment, for t The time interval between two wind power generation times, for t Wind power forecast at each moment, for t +1 moment wind power forecast, for t Wind power curtailment at all times; The constructed power battery operation constraints are expressed as follows:

[0013] Where: For power batteries t The discharge power at the moment, is the maximum charging power of the power battery, For power batteries t Charging power at the moment, is the maximum discharge power of the power battery, for t The power battery SOC value at the moment, For power batteries The SOC value at the moment, and are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the power battery SOC, is the power battery capacity, is the charging time of the power battery in each cycle, is the minimum charging time of the power battery, is the charging time of the power battery in each cycle, It is the minimum discharge time of the power battery. for t The operating state of the power battery at the moment, with a value of 1 for charging state, a value of 0 for idle state, and a value of -1 for discharging state; Power batteries participate in low-carbon control when meeting operating constraints: according to the dynamic carbon emission coefficient of the power grid, they choose to discharge or stop operating during periods with a high coefficient, and charge or operate during periods with a low coefficient, thereby reducing the carbon emissions of the power grid; they charge when wind power is difficult to absorb, and discharge when wind power is insufficient, thereby promoting the absorption of wind power.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention optimizes the charging and discharging behavior of power batteries, thereby improving the wind power absorption capacity, reducing the carbon emissions on the load side, and helping the power grid to reduce carbon emissions. The method first proposes an electricity-carbon information collection technology for power batteries to collect thermal power power information, wind power forecast power information, power battery information, load forecast information and power grid carbon emission intensity information. Then, a power battery-promoting wind power absorption and carbon emission reduction model is constructed, with the minimum comprehensive carbon emission cost and the minimum wind abandonment cost as the objective function, and power balance constraints, thermal power constraints, wind power constraints, and power battery operation constraints as the constraints of the model. Finally, a method for solving the power battery-promoting wind power absorption and carbon emission reduction model based on NSGA-II is proposed to solve the model of the present invention, thereby improving the level of wind power absorption and reducing carbon emissions on the load side.

[0015] The present invention provides a method for promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction based on NSGA-II power batteries, optimizes the charging and discharging behavior of power batteries, improves the wind power consumption capacity, reduces load-side carbon emissions, and helps grid carbon emission reduction. The advantage is that while reducing load-side carbon emissions, the cost of wind abandonment can be minimized, which is of great significance for supporting grid carbon emission reduction and improving the level of consumption of new energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the flow chart of the NSGA-II disclosed in the present invention for solving the method of using power batteries to promote wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the NSGA-II multi-objective solution model disclosed in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] It should be noted that the terms "above", "one end", "upper", etc. used in this article indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Similar expressions are only for the purpose of explanation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention; in addition, the terms "one part", "two parts", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] S1. Propose the electricity-carbon information collection technology of power batteries, collect thermal power information, wind power forecast power information, power battery information, charging power, discharging power and other operation information and other information, such as load forecast information and grid carbon emission intensity information. The above information provides the basis for the power battery to promote wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction model; S2. Construct the objective function of the power battery model to promote wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction, with the goal of minimizing the comprehensive carbon emission cost and the wind power abandonment cost. By controlling the charging and discharging behavior of the power battery, carbon emissions can be reduced and the level of wind power consumption can be improved. S3. Construct the operating constraints of the power battery model to promote wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction. The power battery participates in low-carbon control when meeting the operating constraints of the model to promote wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction: according to the dynamic carbon emission coefficient of the power grid, that is, the carbon emission factor of the power grid, choose to discharge or stop operation during the period when the factor coefficient value of the power grid carbon emission factor is high, and charge or operate during the period when the factor coefficient value is low, so as to reduce the carbon emissions of the power grid; charge when wind power is difficult to consume, and discharge when wind power is insufficient to promote wind power consumption. The operating constraints mainly include power balance constraints, thermal power constraints, wind power constraints, and power battery operation constraints. The value of the factor coefficient is set manually on demand; S4. A method for solving the model of power batteries promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction based on NSGA-II is proposed. Based on the Elitist Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) with elite strategy, the model of power batteries promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction is solved to improve the consumption level of wind power and reduce carbon emissions.

[0021] The thermal power information collected in S1 is shown in formula (1), the wind power forecast power information collected is shown in formula (2), the power battery information collected is shown in formula (3), and the other information collected is shown in formula (4), which mainly includes load forecast information and grid carbon emission intensity information. The above information provides a basis for the power battery to promote wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction model.

[0022]

[0023] in: for t Thermal power information at each moment, mainly including t Thermal power at the moment , t Minimum thermal power at the moment and maximum value ; for t Wind power information at all times, mainly including t Wind power at each moment , t Wind power ramp rate at each moment , t Minimum wind power ramp power at any given moment , t Maximum climbing power of wind power at the moment , t Wind power curtailment cost at any given moment ; for t Current power battery information, mainly including for t The power battery SOC value at the moment, and are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the power battery SOC, The maximum charging power of the power battery, is the maximum discharge power of the power battery, is the power battery capacity, is the minimum charging time of the power battery, is the minimum discharge time of the power battery; For other information, mainly including for t Time-of-day load forecast information, for t Information on carbon emission intensity of power grid at all times; Among them, the objective function of the power battery constructed in S2 to promote wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction model is shown in formula (5), where For the comprehensive cost of wind curtailment, To comprehensively consider the carbon emission cost, we can reduce carbon emission and improve the wind power consumption level by controlling the charging and discharging behavior of power batteries;

[0024] Where: for t The penalty cost of wind curtailment at each moment, for t Wind power is abandoned at all times. for t The carbon emission intensity of the power grid at any given moment, for t The charging power of the power battery at all times, For power batteries t The discharge power at the moment; the patent of this invention takes 15 minutes as the dispatch cycle and performs 96 sampling calculations within 24 hours. The objective function is the carbon emission intensity of the power grid. When the temperature is low, charging is encouraged. Avoid charging when the voltage is high and encourage discharging to reduce the overall carbon emissions within 24 hours.

[0025] Among them, the operating constraints of the power battery promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction model constructed in S3 are shown in formulas (6)-(18). The power battery participates in low-carbon control when meeting the operating constraints of the wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction model: according to the carbon emission factor of the power grid, choose to discharge or stop operation during the period with high factor coefficient values, and charge or operate during the period with low factor coefficient values ​​to reduce the carbon emissions of the power grid. Charge when wind power is difficult to consume, and discharge when wind power is insufficient to promote wind power consumption; the constructed power balance constraint is shown in formula (6), the constructed thermal power unit power constraint is shown in formula (7), the constructed wind power constraint is shown in formula (8)-(10), and the constructed power battery operation constraint is shown in formula (11)-(18); The power balance constraint condition constructed is shown in formula (6), which ensures that the thermal power, wind power, and energy storage power are always balanced with the load power after removing the charging power and the abandoned wind power;

[0026] Where: for t The output of thermal power units at each moment, for t Wind power forecast at each moment, for t Wind power is abandoned at all times. for t Energy storage discharge power at all times, for t Energy storage charging power at all times, for t Load power at all times.

[0027] The power constraint condition of the thermal power unit is shown in formula (7), that is, the power value of the thermal power unit cannot exceed the limit at any time;

[0028] Where: for t The minimum power generation capacity of thermal power units at the moment, for t The maximum power generation capacity of the thermal power unit at the moment, for t Thermal power units are outputting at all times.

[0029] The constructed wind power constraints are shown in formulas (8)-(10). Formula (8) is the ramp rate of wind power, formula (9) indicates that the ramp rate of wind power cannot exceed the limit, and formula (10) indicates that the abandoned wind power cannot be greater than the predicted wind power.

[0030]

[0031] Where: for t Wind power ramp rate at any moment, , They are t The minimum and maximum ramp rates of wind power at each moment. for t The time interval between two wind power generation times, for t Wind power forecast at each moment, for t +1 moment wind power forecast, for t Wind power curtailment at all times.

[0032] The constructed power battery operation constraints are shown in formulas (11)-(18). Formula (11) indicates that the power battery discharge power cannot exceed the limit, formula (12) indicates that the power battery charging power cannot exceed the limit, formula (13) indicates that the power battery SOC cannot exceed the limit, and formula (14) indicates that the power battery t SOC value at the moment; When the power battery is charged and discharged, in order to reduce the impact of frequent charging and discharging on the life of the power battery, formula (15) indicates that the charging time of the power battery in each cycle must be greater than , the discharge time in each cycle must be greater than , Formula (17) indicates that when the carbon emission intensity of the power grid is greater than the threshold When the power battery is discharged when possible, the use of high-carbon electricity is reduced. Formula (18) indicates that when the carbon emission intensity of the power grid is less than the threshold When using the power battery, charge it as much as possible to increase the use of low-carbon electricity.

[0033]

[0034] Where: For power batteries t The discharge power at the moment, The maximum charging power of the power battery, For power batteries t Charging power at the moment, is the maximum discharge power of the power battery, for t The power battery SOC value at the moment, For power batteries The SOC value at the moment, and are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the power battery SOC, is the power battery capacity, is the charging time of the power battery in each cycle, is the minimum charging time of the power battery, is the charging time of the power battery in each cycle, It is the minimum discharge time of the power battery. for t The operating status of the power battery at the moment. The value 1 indicates the charging state, the value 0 indicates the idle state, and the value -1 indicates the discharging state.

[0035] Among them, for S4, the present invention uses NSGA-II to solve the power battery promotion wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction model, coordinate the power battery information and wind power information, so that the comprehensive carbon emissions and wind curtailment operating costs All of them are as optimal as possible, with carbon emissions As shown in formula (19), the wind curtailment operating cost is As shown in formula (20), the constructed multi-objective solution model is as follows: Figure 1 As shown:

[0036] 1) Sorting of non-dominated solutions For the multi-objective energy consumption model of the present invention, the objective function and Given any two decision variables , If ① and ② are satisfied, then Dominate : ②For , both have ; ②For , so that ; If no decision variable dominates the decision variable , then it is called is a non-dominated solution. In a set of solutions, the non-dominated solution level is 1, then the remaining solution is The rank is 2, and the rank of the set non-dominated solutions is sorted in turn.

[0037] 2) Crowding calculation It is generally believed that the larger the distance between solutions of the same level, the better, which can ensure the diversity of solutions. i- 1 and i+ 1 The distance between individuals on the multi-objective function can be calculated i Crowding , as shown in formula (21), that is Figure 1 The sum of the length and width of the quadrilateral :

[0038] 3) Crowding comparison operator According to the non-dominated solution level and congestion To screen individuals in the population, for the two solutions in the present invention , ,like but is the optimal solution.

[0039] After the above solution, the output , improve the level of wind power consumption and reduce carbon emissions from the power grid.

[0040] The above description is only by way of illustration of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It is undoubted that those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction by using a power battery based on NSGA-II, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Collecting electricity-carbon information of power batteries, including collecting thermal power information, wind power information, power battery information, and other information, including load forecast information and grid carbon emission intensity information; S2: Construct the objective function of the power battery model to promote wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction, with the goal of minimizing the comprehensive carbon emission cost and the wind power abandonment cost; S3: Construct the operating constraints of the power battery model to promote wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction, including power balance constraints, thermal power constraints, wind power constraints, and power battery operation constraints; Power batteries participate in low-carbon control when meeting the operating constraints of the model to promote wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction: including discharging or stopping operation during periods with high factor coefficient values ​​and charging or operating during periods with low factor coefficient values ​​according to the carbon emission factor of the power grid; charging when wind power is difficult to consume and discharging when wind power is insufficient to promote wind power consumption; S4: Solve the model of power batteries promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction based on NSGA-II.

2. A method for promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction by using a power battery based on NSGA-II according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electricity-carbon information collected in step S1 is expressed as follows: in: for t Thermal power information at all times, for t Thermal power at the moment, for t The minimum thermal power at the moment, for t Maximum thermal power power at the moment; for t Wind power information at all times, for t Wind power at any given moment, for t Wind power ramp rate at any moment, for t The minimum ramp power of wind power at the moment, for t Maximum climbing power of wind power at the moment, for t The cost of wind power curtailment at each moment; for t Real-time power battery information, for t The power battery SOC value at the moment, and are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the power battery SOC, is the maximum charging power of the power battery, is the maximum discharge power of the power battery, is the power battery capacity, is the minimum charging time of the power battery, is the minimum discharge time of the power battery; For the rest of the information, for t Time-of-day load forecast information, for t Information on carbon emission intensity of the power grid at all times.

3. A method for promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction by using a power battery based on NSGA-II according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the objective function of the power battery to promote wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction model is expressed as follows: in: for t The penalty cost of wind curtailment at each moment, for t Wind power is abandoned at all times. for t The carbon emission intensity of the power grid at any given moment, for t The charging power of the power battery at all times, For power batteries t Discharge power at the moment; For the comprehensive cost of wind curtailment, is the comprehensive carbon emission cost.

4. A method for promoting wind power consumption and carbon emission reduction by using a power battery based on NSGA-II according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power balance constraint condition constructed in step S3 is specifically to ensure that the thermal power, wind power, and energy storage power are always balanced with the load power after removing the charging power and the abandoned wind power, and is expressed as follows: in: for t The output of thermal power units at each moment, for t Wind power forecast at each moment, for t Wind power is abandoned at all times. for t Energy storage discharge power at all times, for t Energy storage charging power at all times, for t Load power at all times; The power constraint condition of the thermal power unit constructed is expressed as follows: in: for t The minimum power generation capacity of thermal power units at the moment, for t The maximum power generation capacity of the thermal power unit at the moment, for t The output of thermal power units at all times; The constructed wind power constraint condition is expressed as follows: in: for t Wind power ramp rate at any moment, for t The minimum wind power ramp rate at the moment, for t Maximum wind power ramp rate at the moment, for t The time interval between two wind power generation times, for t Wind power forecast at each moment, for t +1 moment wind power forecast, for t Wind power curtailment at all times; The constructed power battery operation constraints are expressed as follows: Where: For power batteries t The discharge power at the moment, is the maximum charging power of the power battery, For power batteries t Charging power at the moment, is the maximum discharge power of the power battery, for t The power battery SOC value at the moment, For power batteries The SOC value at the moment, and are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the power battery SOC, is the power battery capacity, is the charging time of the power battery in each cycle, is the minimum charging time of the power battery, is the charging time of the power battery in each cycle, is the minimum discharge time of the power battery; for t The operating state of the power battery at the moment, with a value of 1 for charging state, a value of 0 for idle state, and a value of -1 for discharging state; Power batteries participate in low-carbon control when meeting operating constraints: according to the dynamic carbon emission coefficient of the power grid, they choose to discharge or stop operating during periods with a high coefficient, and charge or operate during periods with a low coefficient, thereby reducing the carbon emissions of the power grid; they charge when wind power is difficult to absorb, and discharge when wind power is insufficient, thereby promoting the absorption of wind power.

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