Photovoltaic array simulation experiment system and simulation experiment method

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic array simulation experiment system and a simulation experiment method. The photovoltaic array simulation experiment system comprises a photovoltaic module, a simulation box, a simulation circuit and a control module, wherein the photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of photovoltaic modules; the analog circuit comprises a main circuit, a plurality of branch circuits and a plurality of bridge circuits which are mutually connected, the main circuit is connected with a variable resistor and a voltage and current acquisition module in series, each branch circuit is connected with photovoltaic modules in the same column in series, and each bridge circuit is provided with a sub-switch and is connected with two adjacent branch circuits; the control module is connected with the photovoltaic module and the analog circuit. According to the embodiment of the invention, through the design of the trunk circuit, the branch circuit and the bridge circuit of the simulation circuit, photovoltaic arrays with various different connection modes are simulated through the same simulation system. The design of the simulation box enables the simulation system to have good expansibility, and a plurality of environmental factors can be introduced and simulated. The system can collect the photovoltaic array performance under different conditions, and is suitable for different experiment requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a photovoltaic array simulation experiment system and a simulation experiment method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of renewable energy technology, photovoltaic power generation systems have been widely used around the world as a clean and sustainable energy solution. As the core part of the photovoltaic power generation system, the performance of the photovoltaic array directly affects the power generation efficiency and stability of the entire system. Therefore, accurate simulation and testing of the photovoltaic array is of great significance to improving the design, optimization and operation management of the photovoltaic system.

[0003] Traditional photovoltaic array testing methods usually rely on natural environmental conditions, and tests under natural conditions cannot cover all possible working conditions that photovoltaic arrays may encounter, which makes the test results affected by environmental factors and difficult to control and reproduce. The evaluation of photovoltaic arrays is not only determined by parameters such as voltage and current, but also requires different evaluation parameters to be determined based on environmental factors.

[0004] In summary, the existing photovoltaic array evaluation has technical problems such as too few evaluation parameters and large errors in evaluation results. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to overcome the above technical deficiencies, propose a photovoltaic array simulation experiment system and a simulation test method, and solve the technical problems in the prior art of fewer evaluation parameters and larger errors in evaluation results.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic array simulation experiment system, including a photovoltaic module, a simulation box, a simulation circuit and a control module: A photovoltaic module, wherein the photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of photovoltaic components distributed in an array; A simulation box, wherein one side of the simulation box is open and the opening faces the photovoltaic module; An analog circuit, wherein the analog circuit part is located in the simulation box and comprises a main circuit, a plurality of branches and a plurality of bridge circuits connected to each other, wherein the main circuit is connected in series with a variable resistor and a voltage and current acquisition module, each branch circuit is connected in series with the same column of photovoltaic modules, and each bridge circuit is provided with a sub-switch and connects two adjacent branches; A control module is connected to the photovoltaic component and the analog circuit.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of bridges are provided between two adjacent branches, and one bridge is connected between any two adjacent photovoltaic components in the same column.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the photovoltaic module also includes a photovoltaic mounting board, which carries a plurality of the photovoltaic components. An electrical interface is provided on the side of the photovoltaic mounting board facing away from the photovoltaic components, and the photovoltaic components are connected to the analog circuit through the electrical interface.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the photovoltaic module also includes a lifting rod and a support frame, the two ends of the photovoltaic mounting panel are respectively connected to the top of the lifting rod and the top of the lifting rod, the lifting rod includes an upper rod body and a lower rod body that are slidably connected to each other, and the bottom of the support frame has multiple rollers.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, a water supply module is further included, and the water supply module is connected to a side of the simulation box away from the photovoltaic module.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the water supply module includes a spray nozzle and a temperature and humidity sensor, the spray nozzle is directed toward the plurality of photovoltaic components, the temperature and humidity sensor includes a measuring end and an output end, the measuring end is arranged on the photovoltaic mounting board, and the output end is connected to the control module.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, a simulated light source is further included, and the simulated light sources are all arranged on the inner side of the top of the simulation box, and a plurality of the simulated light sources are evenly distributed.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, a mobile power source and a main switch are further included, and the mobile power source and the main switch are connected in series to the trunk line of the analog circuit.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, an adjustable filter is also included, which at least partially covers the photovoltaic module. The adjustable filter includes a transparent conductive layer and a liquid crystal layer stacked on each other, and the transparent conductive layer is respectively connected to the mobile power supply and the control module.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a photovoltaic array simulation experiment method, including the photovoltaic array simulation experiment system as described in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, comprising the following steps: The control module adjusts the resistance value of the variable resistor to simulate different circuit conditions, and the current and voltage acquisition module records the current and voltage parameters of the photovoltaic module; The control module adjusts the on and off of the plurality of sub-switches to simulate different topological structures, and the current and voltage acquisition module records the current and voltage parameters of the photovoltaic module; The control module analyzes the maximum power point, maximum output efficiency, radiation utilization rate, and fill factor parameters of the photovoltaic module according to the current and voltage parameters of the voltage and current acquisition module, and compares them with the parameters of the photovoltaic module under normal working conditions.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this application has the following beneficial technical effects: The embodiment of the present application can easily adjust the connection mode of the photovoltaic array through the design of the trunk, branch and bridge circuit of the simulation circuit, and simulate photovoltaic arrays of various connection modes through the same simulation system, which is suitable for experiments and research of different scales and structures. The design of the simulation box makes the simulation system have good scalability. Various environmental simulation elements are set in the simulation box to introduce simulation of multiple environmental factors. Then, through the use of variable resistors and voltage and current acquisition modules, the system can collect the performance of photovoltaic arrays under different conditions to adapt to different experimental needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in this application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments: Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic array simulation experiment system provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a circuit diagram of an analog circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1- Photovoltaic module, 2- simulation box, 3- control module, 4- variable resistor, 5- voltage and current acquisition module, 6- photovoltaic mounting board, 7- water supply module, 8- temperature and humidity sensor, 9- simulation light source, 10- mobile power supply, 11- radiator; 21-trunk, 22-branch, 23-bridge, 24-sub-switch, 25-main switch; 41-lifting support rod, 42-supporting stand. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0020] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that in this specification, the wording "including" is an open-ended expression, which means that the described features exist but does not exclude other features. The directional words "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are exemplary directions based on the drawings. Features defined as "first" and "second" implicitly include one or more of the features. Singular expressions can also be used in the plural. "Multiple" means two or more. The terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" can be fixed connections, detachable connections, or integrated connections; they can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or they can be internal connections between two elements. In addition, "connected" can include wireless connections.

[0021] The purpose of this application is to overcome the above technical deficiencies, propose a photovoltaic array simulation experiment system and a simulation test method, and solve the technical problems in the prior art of fewer evaluation parameters and larger errors in evaluation results.

[0022] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic array simulation experiment system, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic array simulation experiment system provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a circuit diagram of an analog circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] A photovoltaic array simulation experiment system includes a photovoltaic module, a simulation box 2, a simulation circuit and a control module 3: A photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module comprising a plurality of photovoltaic components 1 distributed in an array; A simulation box 2, wherein one side of the simulation box 2 is open and the opening faces the photovoltaic module; The simulation circuit is partially located in the simulation box 2 and includes a main circuit 21, multiple branches 22 and multiple bridge circuits 23 connected to each other, the main circuit 21 is connected in series with a variable resistor 4 and a voltage and current acquisition module 5, each branch circuit 22 is connected in series with the same column of photovoltaic modules 1, and each bridge circuit 23 is provided with a sub-switch 24 and connects two adjacent branches 22; A control module 3 is connected to the photovoltaic component 1 and the analog circuit.

[0024] The embodiment of the present application can easily adjust the connection mode of the photovoltaic array through the design of the trunk 21, branch 22 and bridge 23 of the simulation circuit, and simulate photovoltaic arrays of various connection modes through the same simulation system, which is suitable for experiments and research of different scales and structures. The design of the simulation box 2 makes the simulation system have good scalability. Various environmental simulation elements are set in the simulation box 2, and multiple environmental factors can be introduced to simulate. Then, through the use of the variable resistor 4 and the voltage and current acquisition module 5, the system can collect the performance of the photovoltaic array under different conditions to adapt to different experimental needs.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of bridges 23 are provided between two adjacent branches 22 , and one bridge 23 is connected between any two adjacent photovoltaic components 1 in the same column.

[0026] In this embodiment, there are four main basic topological structures of the array in the centralized photovoltaic power generation system, namely, series parallel (SP), bridge linked (BL), honeycomb (HC) and total cross tied (TCT).

[0027] The topological structures of photovoltaic arrays also include a combination of series-parallel and full cross-linking (SP-TCT), a combination of bridging and full cross-linking (BL-TCT), a combination of honeycomb and full cross-linking (HC-TCT) and a combination of bridging and honeycomb.

[0028] This embodiment can simulate the parameters and performance of the photovoltaic arrays of the above eight topological structures by controlling the on and off of the sub-switches 24 on each bridge circuit 23. By simulating the design of the main circuit 21, branch circuit 22 and bridge circuit 23 of the circuit, photovoltaic arrays with various connection methods can be simulated. Compared with the actual construction of the photovoltaic array, this simulation experiment system can significantly reduce the experimental cost, reduce material consumption and time investment, and improve the experimental efficiency. Using a simulation system to conduct experiments in a laboratory environment can avoid the risks that the actual photovoltaic array may encounter in an outdoor environment, such as weather changes, environmental pollution, etc. At the same time, it can also simulate the performance of the photovoltaic array under different environmental conditions, which is helpful to study the impact of environmental factors on photovoltaic power generation.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present application, the photovoltaic module also includes a photovoltaic mounting board 6, which carries a plurality of the photovoltaic components 1. An electrical interface is provided on the side of the photovoltaic mounting board 6 facing away from the photovoltaic components 1, and the photovoltaic components 1 are connected to the analog circuit through the electrical interface.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the photovoltaic module also includes a lifting rod 41 and a support frame 42, and the two ends of the photovoltaic mounting panel 6 are respectively connected to the top of the lifting rod 41 and the top of the lifting rod, and the lifting rod 41 includes an upper rod body and a lower rod body that are slidably connected to each other, and the bottom of the support frame 42 has multiple rollers.

[0031] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic module 1 mounting plate can adjust the angle of the photovoltaic mounting plate 6 by adjusting the height of the lifting support rod 41 to simulate different solar incidence angles. The pull-out support stand 42 can be pulled out to install the photovoltaic module 1 to be tested, with rollers for easy movement and compartments for easy storage of the photovoltaic module 1. A series of interfaces are integrated on the back of the mounting plate for connecting the variable resistor 4, the mobile power supply 10, and the voltage and current acquisition module 5.

[0032] By adjusting the support rod and the support stand 42, the installation height and angle of the photovoltaic module 1 can be easily adjusted, so that the system can adapt to different types of photovoltaic modules 1 and different experimental requirements. The interface integrated on the back of the mounting plate can provide support for automatic control, realize intelligent control and monitoring of the photovoltaic module 1, and improve the automation level of the experiment.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present application, a water supply module 7 is further included, and the water supply module 7 is connected to a side of the simulation box 2 away from the photovoltaic module.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, the water supply module 7 includes a spray nozzle and a temperature and humidity sensor 8, the spray nozzle is directed toward the multiple photovoltaic components 1, the temperature and humidity sensor 8 includes a measuring end and an output end, the measuring end is arranged on the photovoltaic mounting panel 6, and the output end is connected to the control module 3.

[0035] In this embodiment, the water supply module 7 includes a water tank and a radiator 11. The radiator 11 is installed in two groups and connected to the PC workstation via a circuit. The PC workstation can control the start and stop of the radiator 11. The water tank and the radiator 11 are installed on the side of the housing away from the mounting plate of the photovoltaic module 1, and are used to change the humidity in the device to simulate humid environmental factors. The three-conformal paint is applied on the circuit board and the built-in module to protect the circuit from the influence of water mist in the experiment.

[0036] The measuring end is installed on the mounting plate of the photovoltaic module 1 to obtain the temperature and humidity data closest to the photovoltaic array. The output end is connected to the control module 3. The control module 3 includes a PC workstation, and the temperature and humidity data are displayed in real time in the PC workstation.

[0037] The design of the water supply module 7 can simulate humid environmental factors, the design of the spray nozzle can accurately control the spraying of water mist and spray evenly, and the temperature and humidity sensor 8 can monitor the temperature and humidity data on the mounting board of the photovoltaic module 1 in real time to ensure the accuracy of the experimental conditions. The temperature and humidity sensor 8 can realize real-time collection and analysis of temperature and humidity data, providing detailed data support for researchers. The three-proof paint can protect the circuit from the influence of water mist in the experiment and improve the safety and reliability of the system.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, a simulated light source 9 is further included. The simulated light sources 9 are all arranged on the inner side of the top of the simulation box 2, and a plurality of the simulated light sources 9 are evenly distributed.

[0039] In this embodiment, the simulated light source 9 is connected to a PC workstation via a circuit, and the PC workstation can control the start and stop and size of the simulated light source 9 .

[0040] By setting a plurality of evenly distributed simulated light sources 9 on the inner side of the top of the simulation box 2, natural lighting conditions can be accurately simulated. The simulated light sources 9 are connected to the PC workstation through a circuit, so that researchers can control the start and stop and size of the simulated light sources 9, thereby accurately controlling the lighting conditions to meet different experimental requirements. The illumination data of the simulated light source 9 can be collected and analyzed together with the performance data of the photovoltaic module 1, providing researchers with complete photoelectric conversion performance data.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, a mobile power source 10 and a main switch 25 are further included, and the mobile power source 10 and the main switch 25 are connected in series to the trunk line 21 of the analog circuit.

[0042] In this embodiment, the mobile power supply 10 is modularly connected and can be connected to the simulation box 2 or pulled out for charging. The temperature and humidity sensor 8 and the switch are connected to the embedded circuit of the simulation box 2 and connected to the PC workstation via the line. The temperature value inside the shell can be queried in real time on the PC workstation and the photovoltaic array topology can be changed through the switch.

[0043] The modular design of the mobile power supply 10 allows it to be connected to the simulation box 2 or to be withdrawn for charging and standby. This design improves the flexibility of power management and ensures that the system can be charged in time when the power is insufficient. By connecting the trunk line 21 of the simulation circuit in series, the mobile power supply 10 can provide a stable power supply for the entire simulation circuit, and the main switch 25 facilitates the user to control the power supply.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present application, an adjustable filter is also included, which at least partially covers the photovoltaic component 1. The adjustable filter includes a transparent conductive layer and a liquid crystal layer stacked on each other, and the transparent conductive layer is respectively connected to the mobile power supply 10 and the control module 3.

[0045] In this embodiment, the detachable photovoltaic component 1 can change the adjustable filter installed on the photovoltaic component 1 by inputting different instructions through a PC workstation, thereby adjusting the light intensity of each photovoltaic component 1 to simulate the working condition of local shading, and simulating the working conditions of component short circuit and open circuit by opening and closing the switch.

[0046] By inputting different instructions through the PC workstation, the filtering wavelength of the adjustable filter can be changed, thereby adjusting the light intensity that each photovoltaic module 1 can receive, simulating the working condition of partial shading. Through the control of the adjustable filter by the PC workstation, the liquid crystal deflection angle of the liquid crystal layer can be controlled, thereby changing the wavelength range of the light transmitted through the adjustable filter, automatically simulating different lighting and working conditions, and improving the automation level of the experiment.

[0047] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a photovoltaic array simulation experiment method, including the photovoltaic array simulation experiment system as described in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, comprising the following steps: The control module adjusts the resistance value of the variable resistor 4 to simulate different circuit conditions, and the current and voltage acquisition module records the current and voltage parameters of the photovoltaic module 1; The control module adjusts the on and off of the plurality of sub-switches 24 to simulate different topological structures, and the current and voltage acquisition module records the current and voltage parameters of the photovoltaic assembly 1; The control module analyzes the maximum power point, maximum output efficiency, radiation utilization, and fill factor parameters of the photovoltaic module 1 according to the current and voltage parameters of the voltage and current acquisition module 5, and compares them with the parameters of the photovoltaic module 1 under normal working conditions.

[0048] In this embodiment, the variable resistor 4 is connected to the mobile power source 10 and the photovoltaic array. When working, the variable resistor 4 can simulate different circuit conditions by changing its resistance: the resistance is set to the maximum and connected in series to the circuit to simulate the fault of string disconnection; the resistance is set to the minimum and connected in parallel to the component to simulate the fault of component short circuit; the resistance is set to a suitable value and connected in parallel to the component to simulate the fault of component aging of different degrees.

[0049] The voltage and current acquisition module 5 is connected to the PC workstation via a circuit and transmits the voltage and current information to the PC workstation in real time. The IV and PV characteristic curves of the photovoltaic array are drawn according to the collected data to analyze the maximum power point, maximum output efficiency, radiation utilization, filling factor and other parameters of the photovoltaic array.

[0050] The photovoltaic module 1 test bench evaluation method measures its current, voltage, maximum power and other parameters, compares them with the photovoltaic array under normal working conditions, and weights them to obtain the evaluation value. According to the size of the evaluation value, the output characteristics of different arrays under different working conditions are classified and compared.

[0051] On the basis of the above embodiments, by simulating the influence of different environmental factors (such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, etc.) on the photovoltaic module 1, the environmental conditions in actual applications can be simulated more realistically, so as to obtain experimental results closer to actual applications. By adjusting the resistance value of the variable resistor 4 through the control module, different circuit conditions can be simulated, which is very important for studying the performance of the photovoltaic module 1 under different circuit conditions. By adjusting the on and off of multiple sub-switches 24, different topological structures can be simulated, which helps researchers understand the influence of different connection methods on the performance of the photovoltaic array. By recording the current and voltage parameters of the photovoltaic module 1 through the current and voltage acquisition module, and combining the analysis of the control module, the key parameters such as the maximum power point, maximum output efficiency, radiation utilization rate, and fill factor of the photovoltaic module 1 can be accurately evaluated. By adjusting the variable resistor 4 and the sub-switch 24, the performance of the photovoltaic module 1 under different faults and aging conditions can be accurately simulated to ensure the repeatability of the experimental conditions, so as to obtain reliable research results. This method realizes the automation and intelligent control of experimental conditions, reduces the need for manual operation, and improves the efficiency and accuracy of the experiment.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this application has the following beneficial technical effects: The embodiment of the present application can easily adjust the connection mode of the photovoltaic array through the design of the trunk 21, branch 22 and bridge 23 of the simulation circuit, and simulate photovoltaic arrays of various connection modes through the same simulation system, which is suitable for experiments and research of different scales and structures. The design of the simulation box 2 makes the simulation system have good scalability. Various environmental simulation elements are set in the simulation box 2, and multiple environmental factors can be introduced to simulate. Then, through the use of the variable resistor 4 and the voltage and current acquisition module 5, the system can collect the performance of the photovoltaic array under different conditions to adapt to different experimental needs.

[0053] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various operations, methods, steps, measures, and schemes in the processes discussed in this application may be alternated, modified, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted.

[0054] The specific implementation methods of the present application described above do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present application. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical concept of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic array simulation experimental system, characterized in that: include: A photovoltaic module, wherein the photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of photovoltaic components distributed in an array; A simulation box, wherein one side of the simulation box is open and the opening faces the photovoltaic module; An analog circuit, wherein the analog circuit part is located in the simulation box and comprises a main circuit, a plurality of branches and a plurality of bridge circuits connected to each other, wherein the main circuit is connected in series with a variable resistor and a voltage and current acquisition module, each branch circuit is connected in series with the same column of photovoltaic modules, and each bridge circuit is provided with a sub-switch and connects two adjacent branches; as well as A control module is connected to the photovoltaic component and the analog circuit.

2. A photovoltaic array simulation experiment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of bridges are provided between two adjacent branches, and one bridge is connected between any two adjacent photovoltaic components in the same column.

3. A photovoltaic array simulation experiment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module also includes a photovoltaic mounting board, which carries a plurality of the photovoltaic components. An electrical interface is provided on a side of the photovoltaic mounting board facing away from the photovoltaic components, and the photovoltaic components are connected to the analog circuit via the electrical interface.

4. A photovoltaic array simulation experiment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module also includes a lifting rod and a support frame. The two ends of the photovoltaic mounting plate are respectively connected to the top of the lifting rod and the top of the lifting rod. The lifting rod includes an upper rod body and a lower rod body that are slidably connected to each other. The bottom of the support frame has multiple rollers.

5. A photovoltaic array simulation experiment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a water supply module, which is connected to a side of the simulation box away from the photovoltaic module.

6. A photovoltaic array simulation experiment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water supply module includes a spray nozzle and a temperature and humidity sensor, the spray nozzle is directed toward the plurality of photovoltaic modules, the temperature and humidity sensor includes a measuring end and an output end, the measuring end is arranged on the photovoltaic mounting board, and the output end is connected to the control module.

7. A photovoltaic array simulation experiment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes simulated light sources, which are all arranged on the inner side of the top of the simulation box, and a plurality of the simulated light sources are evenly distributed.

8. A photovoltaic array simulation experiment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a mobile power source and a main switch, and the mobile power source and the main switch are connected in series to the trunk line of the analog circuit.

9. A photovoltaic array simulation experiment system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes an adjustable filter, which at least partially covers the photovoltaic component. The adjustable filter includes a transparent conductive layer and a liquid crystal layer stacked on each other, and the transparent conductive layer is connected to the mobile power supply and the control module respectively.

10. A photovoltaic array simulation experimental method, characterized in that: A photovoltaic array simulation experimental system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: The control module adjusts the resistance value of the variable resistor to simulate different circuit conditions, and the current and voltage acquisition module records the current and voltage parameters of the photovoltaic module; The control module adjusts the on and off of the plurality of sub-switches to simulate different topological structures, and the current and voltage acquisition module records the current and voltage parameters of the photovoltaic module; The control module analyzes the maximum power point, maximum output efficiency, radiation utilization rate, and fill factor parameters of the photovoltaic module according to the current and voltage parameters of the voltage and current acquisition module, and compares them with the parameters of the photovoltaic module under normal working conditions.

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