Aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water and preparation method of aerogel fire extinguishing agent

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fire safety, and particularly relates to an aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water and a preparation method of the aerogel fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 35%-65% of inorganic aerogel powder, 5%-25% of water, 0.5%-1% of a flow aid, 0.5%-2% of a stabilizer and the balance of clean chemical fire extinguishing gas. The aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with the clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and the water has the advantages of being high in fire extinguishing efficiency, high in heat absorption capacity, capable of isolating a heat source and the like, and surface fire and deep fire can be effectively extinguished. Due to the addition of the inorganic aerogel powder, the fire extinguishing agent is endowed with better heat insulation and adsorption capacities, and meanwhile, a porous liquid storage structure is provided for liquid-state water and clean chemical fire extinguishing gas at normal temperature, so that the aerogel powder is effectively prevented from being bonded or agglomerated due to the addition of liquid components, and the flowability and spraying effect of the fire extinguishing agent are improved. In addition, the preparation method of the aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with the clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and the water is easy to operate, easy to implement and suitable for application and popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fire safety, and relates to a novel fire extinguishing agent, in particular to an aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water. Background Art

[0002] Fire is one of the most common disasters in our lives. Once it occurs, it may cause irreparable losses to public life and property. Fire extinguishing agents are the key to extinguishing fires and minimizing the consequences of fires. At present, the fire extinguishing agents used in the market mainly include four categories: water-based fire extinguishing agents, gas fire extinguishing agents, foam fire extinguishing agents and dry powder fire extinguishing agents. Among them, gas fire extinguishing agents have the advantages of high fire extinguishing efficiency, clean and residue-free, fast diffusion speed, and non-conductivity; dry powder fire extinguishing agents have the advantages of responding to many types of fires, low cost, and easy operation; water-based fire extinguishing agents have the advantages of being cheap and easy to obtain, strong heat absorption capacity, and friendly to the human body and the environment.

[0003] Although there are many types of fire extinguishing agents on the market, each with its own advantages, there are still some key technical challenges. For example: Suzhou Tongxuan New Materials Co., Ltd. disclosed a high-efficiency liquid composition fire extinguishing agent containing aerogel materials, its preparation method and application in Chinese patent application CN106310577A. The liquid composition fire extinguishing agent contains aerogel powder, water, surfactant, fire extinguishing enhancer, stabilizer and other components. The invention applies aerogel powder to the fire extinguishing agent. During fire extinguishing, the aerogel powder and the fire extinguishing enhancer interact with each other and cover the surface of the substrate, effectively blocking heat transfer and preventing the spread of flames and heat. However, the fire extinguishing agent only uses aerogel powder, has only a single barrier effect, and lacks synergistic ingredients.

[0004] In recent years, 2-bromo-trifluoropropene (2-BTP), as a new type of clean and efficient chemical fire extinguishing agent, has attracted much attention due to its excellent chemical fire extinguishing effect, and has been used in aircraft, ships and other places. This is mainly due to the fact that 2-BTP can quickly react with free radicals in the flame and effectively interrupt the chain reaction of the fire. However, the vaporization enthalpy of 2-BTP is only about 150 J / g, the heat absorption capacity is very limited, and the fire cooling effect is minimal. In comparison, the vaporization enthalpy of water is as high as 2400 J / g, and it has the characteristics of high specific heat capacity (4.18 J / (g·℃)), but the fire extinguishing efficiency of water is relatively poor. If 2-BTP is used in combination with water, coupling the chemical fire extinguishing ability and physical cooling and heat absorption ability of the two, the fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing agent at the fire scene can be significantly improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] It should be noted that the present invention combines the unique advantages of three functional components, namely, nanoporous inorganic SiO2 aerogel powder, clean and efficient 2-BTP chemical gas fire extinguishing agent, and cheap and readily available water, and couples the physical isolation and porous adsorption capacity of SiO2 aerogel powder, the efficient chemical fire extinguishing capacity of 2-BTP, and the heat absorption and cooling capacity of water, to provide a new type of fire extinguishing agent that is efficient, environmentally friendly, and prevents re-ignition. The SiO2 aerogel powder in the fire extinguishing agent is a nanoporous structure, and the 2-BTP and water compounded therewith are mutually incompatible liquid phase components at room temperature, which are filled in the nanopores of the SiO2 aerogel powder, effectively avoiding the agglomeration and agglomeration of the aerogel powder that may be caused by the addition of liquid phase components.

[0007] The aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water prepared by the present invention can not only quickly extinguish various types of fires by virtue of the composite fire extinguishing effects of chemical action, physical heat insulation, and cooling after being released, but also has the comprehensive advantages of preventing re-ignition, zero atmospheric ozone depletion, and low greenhouse effect, and is suitable for various complex fire scenes.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] The first technical purpose of the present invention is to provide an aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water, wherein the fire extinguishing agent is prepared from the following raw materials according to mass percentage:

[0010]

[0011] It should be noted that the clean chemical fire extinguishing gas, water and inorganic aerogel powder are all fire extinguishing media.

[0012] Optionally, the inorganic aerogel powder is SiO2 aerogel powder.

[0013] Optionally, the clean chemical fire extinguishing gas is an environmentally friendly chemical gas fire extinguishing agent, specifically 2-bromo-trifluoropropylene (2-BTP).

[0014] It should be noted that 2-bromo-trifluoropropene (2-BTP), as a new type of clean and efficient chemical fire extinguishing agent, has attracted much attention due to its excellent chemical fire extinguishing effect, and has been used in aircraft, ships and other places. This is mainly due to the fact that 2-BTP can quickly react with free radicals in the flame and effectively interrupt the chain reaction of the fire. However, the vaporization enthalpy of 2-BTP is only about 150 J / g, and its heat absorption capacity is very limited, and the fire scene cooling effect is minimal. In comparison, the vaporization enthalpy of water is as high as 2400 J / g, and it has the characteristics of high specific heat capacity (4.18 J / (g·℃)). The combination of 2-BTP and water can significantly improve the heat absorption and cooling ability of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0015] SiO2 aerogel is an ultra-light nanoporous solid material. The powdered SiO2 aerogel is similar to traditional dry powder fire extinguishing agents in terms of structure and performance, which makes it also show great application potential in the field of fire extinguishing. SiO2 aerogel has extremely high specific surface area and porosity. It can not only effectively shield heat and isolate air to extinguish flames and prevent re-ignition by covering, heat insulation and other physical effects; but also because of its special nanoporous structure, it can absorb harmful gases and smoke in the fire scene, thereby reducing the damage to the environment and personnel at the fire scene. In addition, the nanoporous structure of SiO2 aerogel also gives it the unique ability to serve as a "liquid reservoir", which can encapsulate and store a large amount of liquid water and clean chemical fire extinguishing gas at room temperature, thereby effectively avoiding the adhesion or agglomeration of aerogel powder due to the addition of liquid components, so as to effectively improve the fluidity and spraying effect of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0016] Optionally, the glidant includes at least one or more of magnesium stearate, talc, and white carbon black.

[0017] Optionally, the stabilizer is at least one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium tripolyphosphate to provide a weakly alkaline environment to prevent the slow hydrolysis of 2-BTP.

[0018] Optionally, the mass ratio of the inorganic aerogel powder to water is greater than 2, so as to ensure that the nanoporous structure of the SiO2 aerogel can effectively prevent the aerogel powder from sticking or agglomerating due to the addition of liquid components while encapsulating and storing liquid water, thereby ensuring the fluidity and spraying effect of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0019] The second technical purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0020] 1) Screening of inorganic aerogel: Screen the inorganic aerogel powder to obtain inorganic aerogel powder with a diameter less than 100 μm to ensure the fluidity of the fire extinguishing agent;

[0021] It should be noted that the purpose of controlling the diameter of the inorganic aerogel powder to be less than 100 μm is to avoid clogging the nozzle of the fire extinguisher, while also meeting the relevant requirements of dry powder fire extinguishing agents, because the current particle size of ordinary dry powder fire extinguishing agents is about 20-75 μm.

[0022] 2) Preparation of fire extinguishing agent: Under the protection of inert gas, weigh specific components of water, flow aid, stabilizer and clean chemical fire extinguishing gas, and then quickly drop them into the sieved inorganic aerogel powder in step 1), and stir them evenly at room temperature to obtain the aerogel fire extinguishing agent.

[0023] Specifically, in the present invention, the fire extinguishing principle of the aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water is as follows:

[0024] After the aerogel fire extinguishing agent of clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water is sprayed, the clean chemical fire extinguishing gas quickly reacts with the flame, captures the active free radicals in the flame, interrupts the combustion chain reaction, and quickly extinguishes the open flame; at the same time, the SiO2 aerogel nanoporous structure, with its own low thermal conductivity and good thermal insulation, forms a physical thermal insulation layer on the surface of the combustible material, effectively shielding the heat of the fire source and preventing the further spread of the fire; the addition of water brings a considerable cooling effect to the fire extinguishing agent, quickly lowers the temperature of the fire scene by absorbing heat, and synergistically extinguishes the fire by evaporating heat. The coupling use of these three can integrate the advantages of clean chemical fire extinguishing gas's efficient fire extinguishing performance and pollution-free, aerogel's efficient physical coverage and isolation suffocation, and water's high vaporization enthalpy and high specific heat capacity, so that the prepared fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of efficient chemical fire extinguishing, environmental friendliness, thermal insulation shielding, adsorption of harmful gases and smoke, and rapid cooling.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1) The aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water provided by the present invention has the advantages of high fire extinguishing efficiency, strong heat absorption capacity, heat source isolation, etc., and can effectively extinguish surface fires and deep-seated fires. Due to the addition of inorganic aerogel powder, the fire extinguishing agent is endowed with better heat insulation and adsorption capabilities, and at the same time, a porous liquid storage structure is provided for water and clean chemical fire extinguishing gas that are liquid at room temperature, thereby effectively avoiding the aerogel powder from sticking or agglomerating due to the addition of liquid components, and improving the fluidity and spraying effect of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0027] 2) The preparation method of the aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water provided by the present invention is simple to operate, easy to implement, and suitable for promotion and application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The word "embodiment" used here as an "exemplary" does not necessarily mean that any embodiment described is superior to or better than other embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the performance index tests in the embodiments of this application are performed using conventional test methods in the art. It should be understood that the terms described in this application are only used to describe specific implementation methods and are not used to limit the content disclosed in this application.

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, the technical and scientific terms used in this document have the same meanings as commonly understood by ordinary technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; other experimental methods and technical means not specifically specified in this application refer to experimental methods and technical means commonly used by ordinary technicians in this field.

[0031] In order to better illustrate the content of the present application, numerous specific details are provided in the specific examples below. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application can also be implemented without certain specific details. In the embodiments, some methods, means, instruments, equipment, etc. well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the main purpose of the present application.

[0032] Under the premise of no conflict, the technical features disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be combined arbitrarily, and the resulting technical solutions belong to the contents disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.

[0033] The invention discloses an aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water and a preparation method thereof.

[0034] In order to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further specifically described below through the following examples, but it should not be understood as a limitation of the present invention. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made by technicians in this field based on the above invention content are also considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] An aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water, weighing 200g of raw materials according to the following formula:

[0037]

[0038] The specific preparation process is as follows:

[0039] S1) Screening of inorganic SiO2 aerogel: Screening the inorganic SiO2 aerogel powder to obtain SiO2 aerogel powder with a diameter less than 100 μm as a fire extinguishing agent; drying the screened powder at 200° C. for 48 hours to remove volatile impurities in the SiO2 aerogel powder;

[0040] S2) Preparation of water-soluble components: 70 g of inorganic SiO2 aerogel powder (sieved), 34 g of water, 2 g of flow aid, and 4 g of stabilizer were weighed in sequence and mixed on a magnetic stirrer for 10 min, the temperature was controlled at 25°C ± 2°C, and the speed was adjusted to 1000 rpm;

[0041] S3) putting the inorganic SiO2 aerogel powder (sieved) obtained in S1) into a stirrer, exhausting the air and introducing an inert gas for protection, and then quickly dropping the ingredients obtained in S2) and 90 g of clean chemical fire extinguishing gas into the stirrer for thorough mixing;

[0042] S4) injecting the fully mixed fire extinguishing agent of S3) into a fire extinguishing bottle, and pressurizing it to 1.2 MPa using nitrogen, so as to obtain a fire extinguisher filled with the fire extinguishing agent.

[0043] The bulk density of the obtained fire extinguishing agent was measured to be 0.36 g / cm 3 .

[0044] Example 2

[0045] A method for preparing an aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water, referring to Example 1, the only difference is that:

[0046] In the weighed raw materials of the formula, the mass percentage of inorganic SiO2 aerogel powder (sieved) is 35%;

[0047] The mass percentage of water in the weighed raw materials of the formula is 5%;

[0048] The mass percentage of clean chemical fire extinguishing gas in the weighed raw materials of the formula is 57%;

[0049] In the weighed raw materials of the formula, the mass percentage of the glidant: magnesium stearate is 1%;

[0050] In the weighed raw materials of the formula, the mass percentage of the stabilizer: sodium bicarbonate is 2%;

[0051] The bulk density of the obtained fire extinguishing agent was measured to be 0.21 g / cm 3 .

[0052] In order to further demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention and to better understand the present invention, the following comparative examples are used to further illustrate the technical features disclosed in the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Other improvements made by those skilled in the art based on the above invention content without inventive work are also considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] Comparative Example 1

[0054] A method for preparing an aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water, referring to Example 1, the only difference is that:

[0055] In the weighed raw materials of the formula, the mass percentage of inorganic SiO2 aerogel powder (sieved) is 35%;

[0056] The mass percentage of water in the weighed raw materials of the formula is 25%;

[0057] The mass percentage of clean chemical fire extinguishing gas in the weighed raw materials of the formula is 37%;

[0058] In the weighed raw materials of the formula, the mass percentage of the glidant: magnesium stearate is 1%;

[0059] In the weighed raw materials of the formula, the mass percentage of the stabilizer: sodium bicarbonate is 2%;

[0060] The bulk density of the obtained fire extinguishing agent was measured to be 0.65 g / cm 3 .

[0061] Comparative Example 2

[0062] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that water is replaced with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas.

[0063] Comparative Example 3

[0064] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the inorganic aerogel powder (sieved) and the clean chemical fire extinguishing gas are replaced by an equal amount of water.

[0065] Comparative Example 4

[0066] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no stabilizer is added and the mixture is stored for 12 months.

[0067] The six fire extinguishing agents prepared in the above Example 1, Example 2, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4 were respectively tested for fire extinguishing performance, and the specific test conditions are as follows:

[0068] In a semi-open fire-fighting room of 1m×1m×1m designed and processed by ourselves, a fire-fighting test was conducted on a woodpile fire. The woodpile used for the woodpile fire was made of seven layers of pine wood, with four square woods in each layer. The cross-sectional area of ​​the square wood was 2cm×2cm and the length was 14cm. The fire-fighting test was to pre-burn the woodpile fire for 60s, and then start spraying the fire extinguishing agent, and record the time when the woodpile fire was extinguished and whether there was any re-ignition.

[0069] The specific test results are shown in Table 1.

[0070] Table 1 Fire extinguishing agent performance test results

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] It can be seen from the test results in Table 1 that the fire extinguishing agents configured in Examples 1 and 2 show good fire extinguishing effects and no re-ignition occurs; Comparative Example 1 has the phenomenon of agglomeration and blocked injection, which is because the mass ratio of inorganic aerogel powder and water is less than 2, and the aerogel powder is bonded together or agglomerated due to excessive addition of liquid components; the fire extinguishing agent configured in Comparative Example 2 without adding water has re-ignition, which is due to the lack of water, resulting in the weak cooling and heat absorption capacity of the prepared fire extinguishing agent (Comparative Example 2); the fire extinguishing agent configured in Comparative Example 3 has a significantly extended fire extinguishing time, which is due to the lack of clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and SiO2 aerogel powder, so that the prepared fire extinguishing agent (Comparative Example 3) has neither covering barrier ability nor chemical fire extinguishing ability; the fire extinguishing agent prepared in Comparative Example 4 without adding a stabilizer has a longer fire extinguishing time than that of Example 1. This is because the clean chemical fire extinguishing gas will undergo slow hydrolysis under non-alkaline conditions, resulting in a reduction in the effective chemical fire extinguishing components in the prepared fire extinguishing agent (Comparative Example 4).

[0074] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing agent is prepared from the following raw materials according to mass percentage:

2. The aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic aerogel powder is SiO2 aerogel powder.

3. The aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clean chemical fire extinguishing gas is an environmentally friendly chemical gas fire extinguishing agent, specifically 2-bromo-trifluoropropylene (2-BTP).

4. The aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glidant includes at least one or more of magnesium stearate, talc and white carbon black.

5. The aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizer is at least one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and sodium tripolyphosphate.

6. The aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the inorganic aerogel powder to water is greater than 2.

7. A method for preparing an aerogel fire extinguishing agent filled with clean chemical fire extinguishing gas and water as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: 1) Screening of inorganic aerogel: Screening the inorganic aerogel powder to obtain inorganic aerogel powder with a diameter less than 100 μm as a fire extinguishing agent; 2) Preparation of fire extinguishing agent: Under the protection of inert gas, weigh specific components of water, flow aid, stabilizer and clean chemical fire extinguishing gas according to claim 1, then quickly drop them into the inorganic aerogel powder that has been sieved in step 1), and stir them evenly at room temperature to obtain the aerogel fire extinguishing agent.

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