Processing technology of ultra-precision part

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ultra-precise high-performance drill bits, and particularly relates to a machining process of ultra-precise parts, which comprises the following steps of: selecting a hard alloy V40 blank, uniformly cutting the hard alloy V40 blank into an alloy bar with the length of 10cm by using a grinding machine, a refined steel stone grinding wheel and a special cutting liquid, and cutting the hard alloy V40 blank into an alloy bar with the length of 10cm; the medical drill bit needs to have the effects of high corrosion resistance, wear resistance and high temperature resistance, an alloy bar is put into an oil immersion barrel after being machined by a centerless grinding machine, at the moment, due to the fact that the alloy bar is just polished and is high in stability, oil immersion can cool the bar, meanwhile, engine oil can directly immerse into holes of metal, and the service life of the alloy bar is prolonged. At the moment, the metal can form higher corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance, an oil film can be formed on the surface of the metal, the oil film can improve the lubricating effect and reduce friction when the metal bar is machined, and the machining precision of the metal bar is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ultra-precision high-performance drill bits, in particular to a processing technology for ultra-precision parts. Background Art

[0002] At present, the processing technology of ultra-precision parts is to use high-precision equipment and materials with good mechanical properties, and to process the materials precisely through the relative movement with strict constraints generated by the cooperation of precision equipment, so as to obtain extremely high precision and surface finish. Its precision can reach the width of a hair in microns. Its application range is becoming more and more extensive, and it is widely used in high-tech fields, military industries and civilian industries, especially in the field of medicalization, such as artificial knee bone replacement surgery, hip and hip reconstruction surgery, etc. Ultra-precision processing technology is used. It is closely related to the development of some major contemporary science and technology, and is an indispensable processing process for contemporary development; it has promoted the development of machinery, hydraulics, electronics, semiconductors, optics, sensors and measurement technology and materials science. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a processing technology for ultra-precision parts, which solves the problems of poor corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the parts themselves and poor metal stability during use caused by unqualified surface treatment of blanks in the current processing technology for ultra-precision parts.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a processing technology for ultra-precision parts, comprising step S1, selecting a cemented carbide V40 blank, using a grinding machine and a fine steel stone grinding wheel and a special cutting fluid to uniformly cut the cemented carbide V40 blank into alloy rods with a length of 10 cm;

[0005] Step S2: The alloy bars cut to a uniform length are fed into a rotary vibrating machine to facilitate orderly arrangement of the blanks for the next processing step;

[0006] Step S3: a centerless grinder capable of machining a diameter of 2 cm is selected, and the alloy rod is used to move between two rotating grinding wheels to grind the cemented carbide V40 blank to a diameter of 2 cm with a tolerance range of ±0.1 cm;

[0007] Step S4: oil immersion treatment of the alloy rod;

[0008] Step S5: Put the tested alloy rod into CNC, and select the drill bit at the front end of the tool alloy rod to grind to 0.1mm;

[0009] Step S6: Using a bar fixture, fix the alloy bar after CNC processing, and perform a slotting process to transform it from a cemented carbide with a narrow tip cylindrical length into a micro drill with a twist drill with a drill angle of 90°;

[0010] Step S7: Finally, the processed drill bit is enlarged by a magnifying device to check the drill bit to ensure the parameters of the tool.

[0011] 2. The processing technology of ultra-precision parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step S1, the specific steps of selecting the alloy rod and cutting are:

[0012] (1) Confirm the blank and select cemented carbide V40 with a thermal expansion coefficient of 6*10(-6) / ℃ and a variation of 0.06. This blank has a series of excellent properties such as high hardness, wear resistance, good strength and toughness, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance;

[0013] (2) Then a diamond grinding wheel is used for chip cutting. The use of a diamond grinding wheel for chip cutting can achieve the purpose of removing rough edge burrs while cutting the blank into a fixed size.

[0014] 3. The processing technology of ultra-precision parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step S2, the specific steps of arranging the cut blanks in order to wait for the next processing are:

[0015] (1) The blanks cut by the grinder are uniformly put into the ultrasonic cleaning device for cleaning. The 20,000 Hz sound waves are propagated in the liquid. The liquid and the cleaning tank vibrate together, and a pressure of 1012-1013 Pa and local temperature adjustment are generated in the cleaning liquid. The huge pressure generated by the ultrasonic cavitation can destroy the insoluble dirt and make them decompose in the solution, thereby achieving the cleaning of the blanks;

[0016] (2) Then, the cut blanks with a uniform size of 10 cm in length are put into a rotary vibration device. The blanks rotate and vibrate in the rotary vibration device, and fall into the 10 cm long blank workpiece cavity set in the rotary vibration device at one time, and finally move to the outlet of the rotary vibration device to wait for the next processing.

[0017] 4. The process for processing ultra-precision parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S3, the blank is processed into a specified diameter using a centerless grinder, and the specific steps are:

[0018] (1) The distance between the two grinding wheels of the centerless grinder is adjusted to 2 cm, the discharge port of the rotary vibration device and the processing feed port of the centerless grinder are located on the same axis, and the blank is directly transported between the two grinding wheels;

[0019] (2) After the grinding wheel is processed, the blank is directly 2cm with a tolerance of plus or minus 0.1. The operator measures the blank in the order of initial inspection, batch inspection and final inspection, and records the data. If the data exceeds the tolerance range, the program needs to be adjusted.

[0020] 5. The processing technology of an ultra-precision part according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step S4, the specific step of oil immersion treatment of the alloy rod is to immerse the polished alloy rod in oil, and the oil immersion can increase the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the metal formed product.

[0021] 6. A processing technology for ultra-precision parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S5, the specific steps of CNC machining tight machining and thermal expansion coefficient are: put the blank inspected by the quality inspection department into the CNC, select the processing tool, start the equipment machinery, and let the robot automatically pick up the blank and place it in the chuck. During processing, pour coolant on the blank and then accurately grind the tip of the blank to 0.1mm.

[0022] 7. The processing technology of ultra-precision parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S6, the process of using a special fixture to clamp and perform grooving is as follows;

[0023] (1) Lay a protective elastic gasket inside the fixture, clamp the workpiece to a specified height, and use a magnifying device to fine-tune the workpiece to ensure that the workpiece is placed in the center;

[0024] (2) Grooving. Grooving equipment uses industrially ground diamond wheels to cut a groove into the workpiece at a precise angle. The technician will first insert a sharp drill bit into the precision machining equipment and use a steel bushing with a brass insert to fix the drill tip in the appropriate position just as the cutting wheel cuts a corner.

[0025] 8. The processing technology of an ultra-precision part according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step S7, the final inspection process using a magnifying device is as follows: because the difference of the processed drill bit cannot be seen with the naked eye, a technician is required to use a magnifying device to inspect the drill bit to detect the size and appearance. When the screen displays a fine long blade, the technician ensures that the parameters of the tool meet the requirements.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the medical drill bit needs to have high corrosion resistance, wear resistance and high temperature resistance. After the alloy rod is processed by the centerless grinder, the alloy rod is placed in the oil immersion barrel. At this time, since the alloy rod has just been polished and has a high stability, the oil immersion can cool the rod. At the same time, the engine oil will directly penetrate into the pores of the metal. At this time, the metal will form higher corrosion resistance and wear resistance, and an oil film will form on the metal surface. The oil film can enhance the lubrication effect and reduce friction during metal rod processing, thereby improving the accuracy of metal rod processing.

[0028] 2. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the product after CNC processing is clamped by a bar clamp, and a splint with good elasticity is laid between the two jaws of the bar clamp to avoid clamp marks on the appearance due to excessive clamping force. Then the entire bar clamp is placed under the lens of the magnifying device, the magnification is adjusted, and it is observed whether the product is clamped at the specified height and whether the product is placed in the center. The product is fine-tuned with the assistance of the magnifying device to ensure that the product is completely centered, so as to ensure the final grooving process accuracy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] A processing technology for ultra-precision parts comprises the following steps:

[0032] Step S1, select carbide V40 blank, use a grinding machine and a fine steel stone grinding wheel and a special cutting fluid to uniformly cut the length of the carbide V40 blank into an alloy rod of 10 cm in length. In step S1, the specific steps of selecting the alloy rod and cutting are: (1) confirming the blank, selecting carbide V40 with a thermal expansion coefficient of 6*10(-6) / ℃, and a variation of 0.06. The blank has a series of excellent properties such as high hardness, wear resistance, good strength and toughness, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance; (2) then using a diamond grinding wheel for chip cutting. Using a diamond grinding wheel for chip cutting can achieve the removal of rough edge burrs when the blank is cut into a fixed size.

[0033] Step S2: The alloy rods cut to a uniform length are put into a rotary vibration machine to facilitate the orderly arrangement of the blanks for the next processing. In the step S2, the specific steps of arranging the cut blanks in order to wait for the next processing are as follows: (1) The blanks cut by the grinder are uniformly put into an ultrasonic cleaning device for cleaning. The sound waves of 20,000 Hz are propagated in the liquid. The liquid and the cleaning tank vibrate together, and a pressure of 1012-1013 Pa and local temperature adjustment are generated in the cleaning liquid. The huge pressure generated by the ultrasonic cavitation can destroy insoluble dirt and make them decompose in the solution, thereby achieving the cleaning of the blanks; (2) Then the cut blanks with a uniform size of 10 cm in length are put into the rotary vibration device. The blanks rotate and vibrate in the rotary vibration device, and fall into the 10 cm long blank workpiece cavity set in the rotary vibration device at one time, and finally move to the outlet of the rotary vibration device to wait for the next processing.

[0034] Step S3: Select a centerless grinder that can process a diameter of 2 cm, use the alloy rod to move between two rotating grinding wheels to grind the cemented carbide V40 blank to a diameter of 2 cm, and the tolerance range is ±0.1 cm. In step S3, the blank is processed to the specified diameter using a centerless grinder. The specific steps are: (1) The spacing between the two grinding wheels of the centerless grinder is adjusted to 2 cm, and the discharge port of the rotating vibration device and the processing feed port of the centerless grinder are located on the same axis, and the blank is directly transported between the two grinding wheels; (2) The blank after processing by the grinding wheel is directly 2 cm with a tolerance of plus or minus 0.1. The operator measures the blank in the order of first inspection, batch inspection and final inspection, and records the data. If the data exceeds the tolerance range, the program needs to be adjusted.

[0035] Step S4: oil immersion treatment of the alloy rod. In step S4, the specific steps of oil immersion treatment of the alloy rod are: oil immersion treatment of the polished alloy rod, the oil temperature is 10°, and oil immersion can increase the corrosion resistance of the metal formed product by 20% and improve its wear resistance by 10%.

[0036] Step S5: Put the inspected alloy rod into CNC, and select the tool to grind the front end drill of the alloy rod to 0.1mm. In step S5, the specific steps of CNC machining tight processing and thermal expansion coefficient are as follows: put the blank inspected by the quality inspection department into CNC, select the machining tool, start the equipment machinery, and let the robot automatically pick up the blank and place it in the chuck. During processing, pour the coolant on the blank and then accurately grind the tip of the blank to 0.1mm.

[0037] Step S6: Use a bar clamp to fix the alloy rod after CNC processing and perform a slotting process to transform it from a cemented carbide with a narrow tip cylindrical length into a micro drill, a twist drill with a drill angle of 90°. In step S6, the slotting process using a bar clamp is as follows: (1) Lay an elastic gasket with a protective effect inside the clamp, clamp the workpiece to a specified height, and fine-tune the workpiece through an amplifying device to ensure that the workpiece is placed in the center; (2) Slotting, the slotting equipment uses an industrially ground diamond wheel to cut a groove on the workpiece at a precise angle. The technician will first insert a sharp drill bit into the precision machining equipment and use a steel bushing with a brass insert to fix the drill tip in the appropriate position, just like a cutting wheel cutting a corner.

[0038] Step S7: Finally, the processed drill bit is enlarged by a magnifying device to check the drill bit to ensure the parameters of the tool. In step S7, the final inspection process using the magnifying device is as follows. Because the difference of the processed drill bit cannot be seen with the naked eye, technicians are required to use magnifying equipment to check the drill bit to detect the size and appearance. When the screen displays a fine long blade, the technicians ensure that the parameters of the tool meet the requirements.

[0039] Embodiment 2:

[0040] Step S1, select carbide V40 blank, use a grinding machine and a fine steel stone grinding wheel and a special cutting fluid to uniformly cut the length of the carbide V40 blank into an alloy rod of 10 cm in length. In step S1, the specific steps of selecting the alloy rod and cutting are: (1) confirming the blank, selecting carbide V40 with a thermal expansion coefficient of 6*10(-6) / ℃, and a variation of 0.06. The blank has a series of excellent properties such as high hardness, wear resistance, good strength and toughness, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance; (2) then using a diamond grinding wheel for chip cutting. Using a diamond grinding wheel for chip cutting can achieve the removal of rough edge burrs when the blank is cut into a fixed size.

[0041] Step S2: The alloy rods cut to a uniform length are put into a rotary vibration machine to facilitate the orderly arrangement of the blanks for the next processing. In the step S2, the specific steps of arranging the cut blanks in order to wait for the next processing are as follows: (1) The blanks cut by the grinder are uniformly put into an ultrasonic cleaning device for cleaning. The sound waves of 20,000 Hz are propagated in the liquid. The liquid and the cleaning tank vibrate together, and a pressure of 1012-1013 Pa and local temperature adjustment are generated in the cleaning liquid. The huge pressure generated by the ultrasonic cavitation can destroy insoluble dirt and make them decompose in the solution, thereby achieving the cleaning of the blanks; (2) Then the cut blanks with a uniform size of 10 cm in length are put into the rotary vibration device. The blanks rotate and vibrate in the rotary vibration device, and fall into the 10 cm long blank workpiece cavity set in the rotary vibration device at one time, and finally move to the outlet of the rotary vibration device to wait for the next processing.

[0042] Step S3: Select a centerless grinder that can process a diameter of 2 cm, use the alloy rod to move between two rotating grinding wheels to grind the cemented carbide V40 blank to a diameter of 2 cm, and the tolerance range is ±0.1 cm. In step S3, the blank is processed to the specified diameter using a centerless grinder. The specific steps are: (1) The spacing between the two grinding wheels of the centerless grinder is adjusted to 2 cm, and the discharge port of the rotating vibration device and the processing feed port of the centerless grinder are located on the same axis, and the blank is directly transported between the two grinding wheels; (2) The blank after processing by the grinding wheel is directly 2 cm with a tolerance of plus or minus 0.1. The operator measures the blank in the order of first inspection, batch inspection and final inspection, and records the data. If the data exceeds the tolerance range, the program needs to be adjusted.

[0043] Step S4: oil immersion treatment of the alloy rod. In step S4, the specific steps of oil immersion treatment of the alloy rod are: oil immersion treatment of the polished alloy rod, the oil temperature is 20°, and oil immersion can increase the corrosion resistance of the metal formed product by 28% and improve its wear resistance by 16%.

[0044] Step S5: Put the inspected alloy rod into CNC, and select the tool to grind the front end drill of the alloy rod to 0.1mm. In step S5, the specific steps of CNC machining tight processing and thermal expansion coefficient are as follows: put the blank inspected by the quality inspection department into CNC, select the machining tool, start the equipment machinery, and let the robot automatically pick up the blank and place it in the chuck. During processing, pour the coolant on the blank and then accurately grind the tip of the blank to 0.1mm.

[0045] Step S6: Use a bar clamp to fix the alloy rod after CNC processing and perform a slotting process to transform it from a cemented carbide with a narrow tip cylindrical length into a micro drill, a twist drill with a drill angle of 90°. In step S6, the slotting process using a bar clamp is as follows: (1) Lay an elastic gasket with a protective effect inside the clamp, clamp the workpiece to a specified height, and fine-tune the workpiece through an amplifying device to ensure that the workpiece is placed in the center; (2) Slotting, the slotting equipment uses an industrially ground diamond wheel to cut a groove on the workpiece at a precise angle. The technician will first insert a sharp drill bit into the precision machining equipment and use a steel bushing with a brass insert to fix the drill tip in the appropriate position, just like a cutting wheel cutting a corner.

[0046] Step S7: Finally, the processed drill bit is enlarged by a magnifying device to check the drill bit to ensure the parameters of the tool. In step S7, the final inspection process using the magnifying device is as follows. Because the difference of the processed drill bit cannot be seen with the naked eye, technicians are required to use magnifying equipment to check the drill bit to detect the size and appearance. When the screen displays a fine long blade, the technicians ensure that the parameters of the tool meet the requirements.

[0047] Taking oil immersion temperature, corrosion resistance and wear resistance as indicators, n groups of tests were designed (Table 1), and compared with the actual results, the optimal combination was obtained and the oil immersion temperature was confirmed.

[0048] Table 1 Experimental design

[0049] Serial number Oil temperature Improved corrosion resistance Improved wear resistance 1 15° 22.8％ 11.5％ 2 20° 28％ 16％ 3 35° 27.5％ 16.2％

[0050] According to the comparison between the above three groups of experimental data and comparative example 1, it can be concluded that when the engine oil temperature is 20°, the corrosion resistance and wear resistance are improved the most, so the engine oil temperature of 20° is the best during oil immersion.

[0051] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A processing technology for ultra-precision parts, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, select a cemented carbide V40 blank, and use a grinding machine, a fine steel stone grinding wheel, and a special cutting fluid to uniformly cut the cemented carbide V40 blank into alloy rods with a length of 10 cm; Step S2: The alloy bars cut to a uniform length are fed into a rotary vibrating machine to facilitate orderly arrangement of the blanks for the next processing step; Step S3: a centerless grinder capable of machining a diameter of 2 cm is selected, and the alloy rod is used to move between two rotating grinding wheels to grind the cemented carbide V40 blank to a diameter of 2 cm with a tolerance range of ±0.1 cm; Step S4: oil immersion treatment of the alloy rod; Step S5: Put the tested alloy rod into CNC, and select the drill bit at the front end of the tool alloy rod to grind to 0.1mm; Step S6: Using a bar fixture, fix the alloy bar after CNC processing, and perform a slotting process to transform it from a cemented carbide with a narrow tip cylindrical length into a micro drill with a twist drill with a drill angle of 90°; Step S7: Finally, the processed drill bit is enlarged by a magnifying device to check the drill bit to ensure the parameters of the tool.

2. The processing technology for ultra-precision parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the specific steps of selecting the alloy rod and cutting are: (1) Confirm the blank and select cemented carbide V40 with a thermal expansion coefficient of 6*10(-6) / ℃ and a variation of 0.

06. This blank has a series of excellent properties such as high hardness, wear resistance, good strength and toughness, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance; (2) Then a diamond grinding wheel is used for chip cutting. The use of a diamond grinding wheel for chip cutting can achieve the purpose of removing rough edge burrs while cutting the blank into a fixed size.

3. The processing technology for ultra-precision parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the specific steps of arranging the cut blanks in order to wait for the next processing are: (1) The blanks cut by the grinder are uniformly put into the ultrasonic cleaning device for cleaning. The 20,000 Hz sound waves are propagated in the liquid. The liquid and the cleaning tank vibrate together, and a pressure of 1012-1013 Pa and local temperature adjustment are generated in the cleaning liquid. The huge pressure generated by the ultrasonic cavitation can destroy the insoluble dirt and make them decompose in the solution, thereby achieving the cleaning of the blanks; (2) Then, the cut blanks with a uniform size of 10 cm in length are put into a rotary vibration device. The blanks rotate and vibrate in the rotary vibration device, and fall into the 10 cm long blank workpiece cavity set in the rotary vibration device at one time, and finally move to the outlet of the rotary vibration device to wait for the next processing.

4. The process for processing ultra-precision parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the blank is processed into a specified diameter using a centerless grinder. The specific steps are: (1) The distance between the two grinding wheels of the centerless grinder is adjusted to 2 cm, the discharge port of the rotary vibration device and the processing feed port of the centerless grinder are located on the same axis, and the blank is directly transported between the two grinding wheels; (2) After the grinding wheel is processed, the blank is directly 2cm with a tolerance of plus or minus 0.

1. The operator measures the blank in the order of initial inspection, batch inspection and final inspection, and records the data. If the data exceeds the tolerance range, the program needs to be adjusted.

5. The processing technology for ultra-precision parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the specific step of oil immersion treatment of the alloy rod is to immerse the polished alloy rod in oil at an oil temperature of ≥10°. Oil immersion can increase the corrosion resistance of the metal formed product by ≥20% and improve its wear resistance by ≥10%.

6. The process for processing ultra-precision parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the specific steps of CNC machining tight machining and thermal expansion coefficient are: put the blank inspected by the quality inspection department into CNC, select the processing tool, start the equipment machinery, and let the robot automatically pick up the blank and place it in the chuck. During processing, pour coolant on the blank and then accurately grind the tip of the blank to 0.1mm.

7. The process for processing ultra-precision parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the process flow of slotting by using a bar clamp is as follows: (1) Lay a protective elastic gasket inside the fixture, clamp the workpiece to a specified height, and use a magnifying device to fine-tune the workpiece to ensure that the workpiece is placed in the center; (2) Grooving. Grooving equipment uses industrially ground diamond wheels to cut a groove into the workpiece at a precise angle. The technician will first insert a sharp drill bit into the precision machining equipment and use a steel bushing with a brass insert to fix the drill tip in the appropriate position just as the cutting wheel cuts a corner.

8. The process for processing ultra-precision parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, the final inspection process using a magnifying device is as follows: because the processed drill bit cannot be seen with the naked eye, a technician is required to use a magnifying device to inspect the drill bit to detect the size and appearance. When the screen displays a fine long blade, the technician ensures that the tool parameters meet the requirements.