A rapid measuring device and rapid measuring method for train wheel-rail forces

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for rapidly measuring the wheel-rail force of a train, which comprises a force-measuring component fixed on the bottom plate of the side beam of the bogie of the rail train; the force-measuring component includes a housing and a base with balls, the base is limited by the housing and can only displace vertically with respect to the housing, and a vertical spring is arranged between the base and the housing; a displacement sensor and a spring deformation sensor are arranged on the spring; the force-measuring component is parallel to the bottom surface of the rail, and the balls are in rotatable contact with the bottom surface of the rail. The present invention can rapidly complete the measurement of the wheel-rail force, and can meet the requirement of monitoring the wheel-rail force at all times during the running of the train. When it is found that the wheel-rail force at a certain place is abnormal, a warning can be issued, playing an important role in ensuring the running safety of the train; the wheel-rail force data of the whole running process of the train can be obtained, and later, the running state of the train in different sections can be analyzed through the wheel-rail force data, and it can also be applied to the field of monitoring and detecting rail diseases.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of train derailment prevention, and in particular relates to a train wheel-rail force rapid measurement device and a rapid measurement method. Background Art

[0002] Nowadays, there have been many technological advances in many technical fields of high-speed rail. At the same time, the demand for safe operation of high-speed rail trains has become more and more important. The active prevention of derailment of high-speed rail trains is a major issue related to the lives of passengers and the safety of trains. The root of the solution lies in whether the wheel-rail force can be obtained at any time and quickly, and analyzed through the wheel-rail force, so as to provide early warning of derailment risks and take timely measures to prevent them.

[0003] For example, the patent with application number CN202210670129.8, this invention relates to a flexible multimodal sensing device for synchronous monitoring of multi-dimensional wheel-rail force, including a vertical force strain module, a vertical force piezoelectric sensor module, a lateral force piezoelectric sensor module and a multimodal sensing module. The multimodal sensing module consists of a flexible substrate layer, an electrode layer, and active detection of track structure defects. A multi-dimensional wheel-rail force fusion algorithm of a deep neural network is proposed to improve the level of intelligent track monitoring.

[0004] For the above technology, the device needs to install a large number of sensors and circuit modules, and can only measure the wheel-rail force in a certain line section or even between several rails, and cannot provide real-time train wheel-rail force data.

[0005] For example, the patent with application number CN202310371460.4 discloses a wheel-rail force measuring device and a measuring method. The measuring device includes a sensing component, a calibration component and a control component; the sensing component is arranged on the wheel-rail, and the sensing component has a lateral sensing unit and a vertical sensing unit; the calibration component includes a lateral calibration unit and a vertical calibration unit, the lateral calibration unit is used to make the lateral sensing unit generate a first sensing electrical signal, and the vertical calibration unit is used to make the vertical sensing unit generate a second sensing electrical signal; the control component is electrically connected to the lateral sensing unit and the vertical sensing unit respectively; wherein, in the calibration state, the control component receives the first sensing electrical signal and the second sensing electrical signal, and monitors the safety state of the train when passing the wheel-rail according to the first sensing electrical signal and the second sensing electrical signal.

[0006] For the above technology, the device can accurately measure the wheel-rail force, but it can still only measure in a specific line section, and cannot achieve real-time monitoring and cannot meet the requirements of providing derailment warning. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a train wheel-rail force rapid measurement device and a rapid measurement method which can monitor the wheel-rail force in real time and can also provide a derailment risk warning.

[0008] The train wheel-rail force rapid measurement device provided by the present invention comprises a force measuring assembly fixed on the bottom plate of the side beam of the rail train bogie; the force measuring assembly comprises a shell and a base with a ball, the base is limited by the shell and can only be displaced vertically to the shell, a vertical spring is arranged between the base and the shell; a displacement sensor and a spring deformation sensor are arranged on the spring; the force measuring assembly is parallel to the bottom surface of the rail, and the ball is rotatably in contact with the bottom surface of the rail.

[0009] In one embodiment of the above device, the shell is a hollow high-strength rectangular box with an open front and a semi-open top. Limit grooves are provided on both sides of the inner cavity of the shell. The limit grooves are a pair of L-shaped plates that can limit the T-shaped head horizontally.

[0010] In one embodiment of the above device, the base is a hollow cuboid with upper and lower surfaces open, with a T-shaped head on both sides thereof inserted into the corresponding limiting grooves, and the two sides of the T-shaped head are slidably connected to the limiting grooves through rollers.

[0011] In one embodiment of the above device, three horizontal rotating shafts are provided inside the base, and the balls are arranged on the rotating shafts.

[0012] In one embodiment of the above device, the ball sleeve has a spherical rubber cover, and its rotation direction is opposite to the forward movement of the train.

[0013] In one implementation of the above device, a telescopic shaft is provided below the base, and the spring is sleeved on the telescopic shaft; the spring is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the base.

[0014] In one embodiment of the above device, a rubber vibration-damping pad is provided at the bottom end of the spring.

[0015] In one embodiment of the above device, the force measuring assembly is fixed to the bottom plate of the side beam of the railway train bogie through an upper mounting seat, a swing arm rod and a connecting column.

[0016] In one embodiment of the above-mentioned device, three connecting columns are arranged on the top surface of the force measuring assembly at fixed intervals, and each connecting column is clamped and hinged by a swing arm rod; the swing arm rod is two swing arm rods, and the upper part of the swing arm rods hinges and clamps the upper mounting seat; the upper mounting seat is a hinged ear seat, and the three upper mounting seats are detachably fixed to the bottom plates of the beams on both sides of the rail train bogie by high-strength bolts, and the swing arm rod is connected to the telescopic device.

[0017] A method for quickly measuring train wheel-rail forces using one of the above devices, the steps of which are as follows:

[0018] 1. Install the device at the bottom of the train bogie, with one device on both sides of each rail; drive the swing arm rod to move through the telescopic device, drive the force measuring assembly to move the position, so that the base of the force measuring assembly is parallel to the bottom surface of the rail, and the ball contacts the rail;

[0019] 2. Obtain the required data through the device's sensors and the device's initial state;

[0020] The average value of the spring deformation of all devices can be obtained through the device's sensor. By measuring the initial state of the device, the elastic coefficient of the spring, the angle θ between the direction of the force at the contact point between the ball and the rail and the vertical direction, and the vertical distance L between the contact point between the ball and the rail and the axle can be obtained. 1 , the horizontal distance L between the contact points between the ball bearings and the rail on both sides of the rail 2 , the horizontal distance L between the train center of gravity and the point of action of the wheel-rail force on either side 3 , the horizontal distance L between the left device action point of the right wheel rail and the left wheel rail 4 ;

[0021] 3. Construct an equation using the data obtained by the device's sensors and the device's initial state data;

[0022] Taking the left wheel-rail force action point as an example, the moment is:

[0023] F=-F 4 *sinθ*L 1 +F 4 *cosθ*L 2 +F 3 *sinθ*L 1 -G*L 3 +F 5 *2L 3 -

[0024] F 2 *sinθ*L 1 -F 2 *cosθ*L 4 -F 1 *cosθ*(L 4 +L 2 )+F 1 *sinθ*L 1 =0

[0025] Where:

[0026] F——The sum of the wheel-rail forces on the left side of the figure

[0027] F 1 ——The pressure F measured by the right device of the right wheel rail in the figure 2 ——The pressure F measured by the left device of the right wheel rail in the figure 3——The pressure F measured by the right device of the left wheel rail in the figure 4 ——The pressure G measured by the left device of the left wheel rail in the figure——Total mass of the train (with attached device)

[0028] F 5 ——Wheel-rail force on the right side of the figure

[0029] F 6 ——Wheel-rail force on the left side of the figure

[0030] θ——Angle L between the direction of the force at the contact point between the ball and the rail and the vertical direction 1 ——Vertical distance L between the contact point between the ball and the rail and the axle 2 ——Horizontal distance L between the contact points between the ball bearings and the rail on both sides of the rail 3 ——The horizontal distance L between the train center of gravity and the point of action of the wheel-rail force on either side 4 ——F 2 The point of action is away from the left wheel-rail force F 6 Horizontal distance

[0031] 4. Simplify the equation obtained in step 3 to obtain the calculation formula of the wheel axle force; after simplification, we get:

[0032]

[0033] Where:

[0034] K——spring elastic coefficient

[0035] X 1 ——Average deformation of the spring in the left device

[0036] X 2 ——Average deformation of the spring in the right device

[0037] G——Total mass of the train (with attached equipment)

[0038] F 5 ——Wheel-rail force on the right side of the figure

[0039] F 6 ——Wheel-rail force on the left side of the figure

[0040] θ——Angle between the direction of the force at the contact point between the ball and the rail and the vertical direction

[0041] L 1 ——The vertical distance between the contact point between the ball and the rail and the axle

[0042] L 2 ——Horizontal distance between the contact points between the ball bearings and the rail on both sides of the rail

[0043] L 3 ——The horizontal distance between the train center of gravity and the point of action of the wheel-rail force on either side

[0044] L 4 ——F 2 The action point is away from the left wheel-rail force F 6 Horizontal distance

[0045] 5. Substitute the data obtained in step 2 into step 4 for calculation to obtain the left wheel axle force F 5 , realizing rapid measurement of wheel-rail forces.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0047] 1. It can quickly complete the measurement of wheel-rail force and meet the requirements of monitoring wheel-rail force at all times during the train's travel. When abnormal wheel-rail force is found at a certain location, a warning can be issued, thus playing an important role in ensuring the safety of train travel;

[0048] 2. The wheel-rail force data of the entire train operation can be obtained. The wheel-rail force data can be used to analyze the operation status of the train in different sections in the future, and can also be used in the field of monitoring and detection technology of track diseases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the use status of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic axonometric diagram of the rapid measuring device of this embodiment.

[0051] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the contact state between the middle shell and the base.

[0052] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle spring.

[0053] Figure 5 This is a stress state analysis diagram of this embodiment when in use. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the relevant technical solutions. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, the train wheel-rail force rapid measurement device disclosed in this embodiment includes an upper mounting seat 1, a swing arm rod 2, a connecting column 3 and a force measuring assembly 4.

[0056] like Figure 2As shown, the upper mounting seat 1 is a hinged ear seat, which is detachably fixed to the bottom plate of the two side beams of the rail train bogie by high-strength bolts.

[0057] The swing arm member 2 is composed of two swing arm members, the upper part of which hinges and clamps the upper mounting seat; and the lower part of which hinges and clamps the connecting column 3.

[0058] The top surface of the force measuring assembly 4 is provided with three connecting columns 3 at fixed intervals, and each connecting column is respectively connected with a swing arm rod 2 and an upper mounting seat 1. The force measuring assembly is fixed to both sides of the bottom of the train bogie through the upper mounting seat, and the contact point between the force measuring assembly and the rail 5 is located on the bottom surface of the rail.

[0059] The force measuring assembly 4 includes a housing 6 , a base 7 , a rotating shaft 8 , a ball 9 and a spring 10 .

[0060] The shell 6 is a hollow high-strength rectangular box with an open front and a semi-open top. Both sides of the inner cavity of the shell are provided with limit grooves. The limit grooves are a pair of L-shaped plates that can limit the T-shaped head horizontally and can only move vertically.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, the base 7 is a hollow cuboid with upper and lower surfaces open, with a T-shaped head on both sides inserted into the corresponding limit grooves, and the two sides of the T-shaped head are connected to the limit grooves by roller sliding. Three horizontal shafts 8 are arranged inside the base, and balls 9 are arranged on the shafts.

[0062] The ball 9 is covered with a spherical rubber jacket, and its rotation direction is opposite to the forward direction of the train. Its function is to contact with the rail and transmit force.

[0063] A telescopic shaft is arranged below the base 7, and a spring 10 is sleeved on the telescopic shaft. The spring is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the base.

[0064] The swing arm rod 2 is connected to an external telescopic device to drive the displacement of the swing arm rod and drive the force measuring assembly to move. When using this device, the base of the force measuring assembly is parallel to the bottom surface of the rail, and the ball contacts the rail; at this time, the base can only be positioned in a direction perpendicular to the rail under the action of the limit groove, and is pressed against the bottom surface of the rail by the spring of the vertical rail.

[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, a displacement sensor 11 and a spring deformation sensor 12 are arranged on the spring 10, and a rubber vibration-damping pad 13 is arranged at the bottom end of the spring. An electronic device 14 is arranged at the bottom end of the base to connect with each sensor.

[0066] When the device is working, the displacement sensor and the spring deformation sensor can quickly measure the deformation of the spring below and obtain the force value, and store and send the value through electronic equipment.

[0067] like Figure 5As shown, a method for quickly measuring the wheel-rail force of a train using the device, the steps are as follows:

[0068] 1. Install the device at the bottom of the train bogie, with one device on both sides of each rail; drive the swing arm rod to move through the telescopic device, drive the force measuring assembly to move the position, so that the base of the force measuring assembly is parallel to the bottom surface of the rail, and the ball contacts the rail.

[0069] 2. Obtain the required data through the device's sensors and the device's initial state;

[0070] The average value of the spring deformation of all devices can be obtained through the device's sensor. By measuring the initial state of the device, the elastic coefficient of the spring, the angle θ between the direction of the force at the contact point between the ball and the rail and the vertical direction, and the vertical distance L between the contact point between the ball and the rail and the axle can be obtained. 1 , the horizontal distance L between the contact points between the ball bearings and the rail on both sides of the rail 2 , the horizontal distance L between the train center of gravity and the point of action of the wheel-rail force on either side 3 , the horizontal distance L between the left device action point of the right wheel rail and the left wheel rail 4 .

[0071] 3. Construct an equation using the data obtained by the device's sensors and the device's initial state data;

[0072] Taking the left wheel-rail force action point as an example, the moment is:

[0073] F=-F 4 *sinθ*L 1 +F 4 *cosθ*L 2 +F 3 *sinθ*L 1 -G*L 3 +F 5 *2L 3 -

[0074] F 2 *sinθ*L 1 -F 2 *cosθ*L 4 -F 1 *cosθ*(L 4 +L 2 )+F 1 *sinθ*L 1 =0

[0075] Where:

[0076] F——The sum of the wheel-rail forces on the left side of the figure

[0077] F 1——The pressure measured by the right device of the right wheel rail in the figure

[0078] F 2 ——The pressure measured by the left device on the right wheel rail in the figure

[0079] F 3 ——The pressure measured by the device on the right side of the left wheel rail in the figure

[0080] F 4 ——The pressure measured by the left device of the left wheel rail in the figure

[0081] G——Total mass of the train (with attached equipment)

[0082] F 6 ——Wheel-rail force on the left side of the figure

[0083] θ——Angle between the direction of the force at the contact point between the ball and the rail and the vertical direction

[0084] L 1 ——The vertical distance between the contact point between the ball and the rail and the axle

[0085] L 2 ——Horizontal distance between the contact points between the ball bearings and the rail on both sides of the rail

[0086] L 3 ——The horizontal distance between the train center of gravity and the point of action of the wheel-rail force on either side

[0087] L 4 ——F 2 The point of action is away from the left wheel-rail force F 6 Horizontal distance

[0088] 4. Simplify the equation obtained in step 3 to obtain the calculation formula of the wheel axle force;

[0089] After simplification, we get:

[0090]

[0091] Where:

[0092] K——spring elastic coefficient

[0093] X 1 ——Average deformation of the spring in the left device

[0094] X 2 ——Average deformation of the spring in the right device

[0095] G——Total mass of the train (with attached equipment)

[0096] F 5 ——Wheel-rail force on the right side of the figure

[0097] F6 ——Wheel-rail force on the left side of the figure

[0098] θ——Angle between the direction of the force at the contact point between the ball and the rail and the vertical direction

[0099] L 1 ——The vertical distance between the contact point between the ball and the rail and the axle

[0100] L 2 ——Horizontal distance between the contact points between the ball bearings and the rail on both sides of the rail

[0101] L 3 ——The horizontal distance between the train center of gravity and the point of action of the wheel-rail force on either side

[0102] L 4 ——F 2 The point of action is away from the left wheel-rail force F 6 Horizontal distance

[0103] 5. Substitute the data obtained in step 2 into step 4 for calculation to obtain the left wheel axle force F 5 , realizing rapid measurement of wheel-rail forces.

[0104] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the device are:

[0105] 1. It can quickly complete the measurement of wheel-rail force and meet the requirements of monitoring wheel-rail force at all times during the movement of the train. When an abnormal wheel-rail force is found at a certain place, a warning can be issued, thereby playing an important role in ensuring the safety of train travel.

[0106] 2. The wheel-rail force data of the entire train operation can be obtained. The wheel-rail force data can be used to analyze the operation status of the train in different sections in the future, and can also be used in the field of monitoring and detection technology of track diseases.

[0107] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although detailed descriptions have been made with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid measuring device for train wheel-rail force, characterized in that: It includes a force measuring component fixed on the bottom plate of the side beam of the rail train bogie; the force measuring component includes a shell and a base with a ball, the base is limited by the shell and can only move vertically to the shell, and a vertical spring is arranged between the base and the shell; a displacement sensor and a spring deformation sensor are arranged on the spring; the force measuring component is parallel to the bottom surface of the rail, and the ball can rotatably contact with the bottom surface of the rail.

2. The train wheel-rail force rapid measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is a hollow high-strength rectangular box with an open front and a semi-open top. Limiting grooves are provided on both sides of the inner cavity of the shell. The limiting grooves are a pair of L-shaped plates that can limit the horizontal position of the T-shaped head.

3. The train wheel-rail force rapid measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base is a hollow cuboid with upper and lower surfaces open, with a T-shaped head on both sides thereof inserted into the corresponding limiting grooves, and the two sides of the T-shaped head are slidably connected to the limiting grooves through rollers.

4. The train wheel-rail force rapid measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three horizontal rotating shafts are arranged inside the base, and the balls are arranged on the rotating shafts.

5. The train wheel-rail force rapid measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball sleeve has a spherical rubber outer cover, and its rotation direction is opposite to the forward direction of the train.

6. The train wheel-rail force rapid measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A telescopic shaft is arranged below the base, and the spring is sleeved on the telescopic shaft; the spring is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the base.

7. The train wheel-rail force rapid measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber vibration-damping pad is arranged at the bottom end of the spring.

8. The train wheel-rail force rapid measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force measuring assembly is fixed on the bottom plate of the side beam of the rail vehicle bogie through an upper mounting seat, a swing arm rod and a connecting column.

9. The train wheel-rail force rapid measurement device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top surface of the force measuring assembly is provided with three connecting columns at fixed intervals, and each connecting column is clamped and hinged by a swing arm member; the swing arm member is two swing arm members, and the upper part of the swing arm members hinges and clamps the upper mounting seat; the upper mounting seat is a hinged ear seat, and the three upper mounting seats are detachably fixed to the bottom plates of the beams on both sides of the rail train bogie by high-strength bolts, and the swing arm member is connected to the telescopic device.

10. A method for quickly measuring train wheel-rail force using the device of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps:

1. Install the device at the bottom of the train bogie, with one device on both sides of each rail; drive the swing arm rod to move through the telescopic device, drive the force measuring assembly to move the position, so that the base of the force measuring assembly is parallel to the bottom surface of the rail, and the ball contacts the rail; 2. Obtain the required data through the device's sensors and the device's initial state; The average value of the spring deformation of all devices can be obtained through the device's sensors. By measuring the initial state of the device, the elastic coefficient of the spring, the angle θ between the direction of the force at the contact point between the ball and the rail and the vertical direction, the vertical distance L1 between the contact point between the ball and the rail and the axle, the horizontal distance L2 between the contact point between the ball and the rail on both sides of the rail, the horizontal distance L3 between the center of gravity of the train and the point of action of the wheel-rail force on either side, and the horizontal distance L4 between the left device action point of the right wheel-rail and the left wheel-rail; 3. Construct an equation using the data obtained by the device's sensors and the device's initial state data; Taking the left wheel-rail force action point as an example, the moment is: F=-F4*sinθ*L1+F4*cosθ*L2+F3*sinθ*L1-G*L3+F5*2L3- F2*sinθ*L1-F2*cosθ*L4-F1*cosθ*(L4+L2)+F1*sinθ*L1=0 Where: F——the sum of the forces on the left wheel and rail F1——The pressure measured by the right device of the right wheel rail F2——pressure measured by the left device of the right wheel rail F3——pressure measured by the right device of the left wheel rail F4——pressure measured by the left device of the left wheel rail G——Total mass of the train with attached devices F5——Right wheel-rail force F6——Left wheel-rail force θ——Angle between the direction of the force at the contact point between the ball and the rail and the vertical direction L1——The vertical distance between the contact point between the ball and the rail and the axle L2——Horizontal distance between the contact points between the ball bearings and the rail on both sides of the rail L3——The horizontal distance between the train center of gravity and the point of action of the wheel-rail force on either side L4——Horizontal distance between the F2 action point and the left wheel-rail force F6 4. Simplify the equation obtained in step 3 to obtain the calculation formula of the wheel axle force; After simplification, we get: Where: K——spring elastic coefficient X1——mean value of the spring deformation in the left device X2——mean value of the spring deformation in the right device 5. The data obtained in step 2 is brought into step 4 for calculation to obtain the right wheel axle force F5, thus realizing the rapid measurement of wheel-rail force.

Images