Method for extracting lithium from seawater on ship

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium resource extraction, in particular to a seawater lithium extraction method used on a ship, and provides a seawater lithium extraction method used on the ship, which comprises the following steps: S1, placing a lithium extraction adsorption device on the ship in seawater to adsorb lithium ions in the seawater, in the step S1, the operation of pumping sea water into an adsorption device on an original ship to complete adsorption of lithium ions can be omitted, time and labor are saved, and a large number of resources are saved; s2, the lithium extraction adsorption device is recycled and subjected to multiple times of water washing and desorption treatment in a water washing and desorption device, washing water and lithium ion desorption liquid are obtained, the water washing and desorption device is arranged on a ship, the lithium extraction adsorption device adsorbing lithium ions can be subjected to water washing and desorption treatment on the ship, the lithium extraction adsorption device does not need to be conveyed to the shore to be subjected to water washing and desorption treatment, and the water washing and desorption efficiency is improved. The mining speed of lithium resources is greatly increased, and the mining cost of the lithium resources is saved; and S3, carrying out reverse osmosis treatment on the washing water, and transporting the lithium ion desorption solution to the shore for subsequent treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lithium resource extraction, and in particular to a method for extracting lithium from seawater on a ship. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the new energy vehicle industry, lithium resources have become an indispensable raw material. my country has a relatively large demand for lithium resources every year, but there are problems such as insufficient lithium resource mining output and high costs. Therefore, a low-cost and rapidly scalable lithium extraction technology is needed to rapidly increase my country's lithium salt production.

[0003] However, the existing lithium extraction technology often adsorbs lithium ions by pumping seawater into the adsorption device on the ship to complete the adsorption of lithium ions, and then transporting the adsorption device to the shore for water washing and analysis. This method requires a lot of energy to pump seawater, and the water washing and analysis can only be carried out on the shore, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, affecting the mining speed of lithium resources and increasing the mining cost of lithium resources. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, the present invention aims to overcome the technical problems required in the prior art, thereby providing a method for extracting lithium from seawater on ships that is relatively time-saving, labor-saving and energy-saving.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for extracting lithium from seawater on a ship, comprising: S1. placing a lithium extraction adsorption device on the ship in seawater to adsorb lithium ions in the seawater; S2. recovering the lithium extraction adsorption device and performing multiple water washing and analysis treatments in a water washing and analysis device to obtain washing water and lithium ion analysis liquid; S3. performing reverse osmosis treatment on the washing water and transporting the lithium ion analysis liquid to shore for subsequent treatment.

[0006] Furthermore, the step S1 includes: S11. connecting multiple lithium extraction adsorption devices to a ship; S12. placing the multiple lithium extraction adsorption devices in seawater, wherein the multiple lithium extraction adsorption devices are all located below the water surface.

[0007] Furthermore, before step S1, the method includes: loading a plurality of lithium extraction adsorption devices on the ship based on the loading capacity of the ship.

[0008] Furthermore, there is a certain distance between two adjacent lithium extraction adsorption devices in the seawater.

[0009] Furthermore, the water washing and analysis device includes: a shell, which is arranged on a ship; a plurality of slots, which are correspondingly arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the shell in the vertical direction; each pair of the slots is suitable for supporting a plurality of lithium extraction adsorption devices respectively, so that the plurality of lithium extraction adsorption devices are layered in the vertical direction; a closed door, which is arranged on the shell and is rotatably connected to the shell; the closed door is suitable for closing the shell; a water inlet is arranged at the bottom end of the shell; and a water outlet is arranged at the top end of the shell.

[0010] Furthermore, the step S2 includes: S21. calculating the expected adsorption time of the lithium extraction adsorption device and recycling the lithium extraction adsorption device; S22. arranging multiple lithium extraction adsorption devices in layers on the slot and closing the closed door; S23. pumping deionized water into the shell through the water inlet, obtaining and collecting washing water at the water outlet, wherein the flow rate of deionized water is 10-20 times the space volume / hour, and the duration is 10-30 minutes; S24. pumping analysis liquid into the shell through the water inlet, obtaining and collecting lithium ion analysis liquid at the water outlet, wherein the flow rate of the lithium ion analysis liquid is 10-30 times the space volume / hour, and the duration is 10-60 minutes; S25. repeating step S23 and collecting washing water again.

[0011] Furthermore, the step S21 includes: calculating the expected adsorption time of the lithium extraction adsorption device based on the ship speed, seawater flow rate, seawater lithium concentration, adsorption area of ​​the lithium extraction adsorption device and adsorption capacity of the lithium extraction adsorption device.

[0012] Furthermore, the step S2 also includes: S26. Recovering the lithium extraction adsorption device that has been subjected to multiple water washing and analysis treatments and repeating steps S1 and S2.

[0013] Furthermore, the step S3 includes: S31. performing reverse osmosis treatment on the wash water collected in steps S23, S25 and S26 to obtain deionized water and reverse osmosis concentrate, and discharging the obtained reverse osmosis concentrate into the sea; S32. after the ship docks, transporting the lithium ion analysis solution collected in steps S24, S25 and S26 to the shore for subsequent treatment.

[0014] Furthermore, the step S32 includes concentrating the lithium ion analysis solution to remove impurities and crystallize lithium to obtain lithium carbonate and / or lithium hydroxide products.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] The present invention provides a method for extracting lithium from seawater on a ship, comprising S1. placing a lithium extraction adsorption device on the ship in seawater to adsorb lithium ions in the seawater, wherein step S1 can omit the operation of pumping seawater into the adsorption device originally on the ship to complete the adsorption of lithium ions, thereby saving time, labor and a large amount of resources; S2. recovering the lithium extraction adsorption device and performing multiple water washing and analysis treatments in a water washing and analysis device to obtain washing water and lithium ion analysis liquid, wherein the water washing and analysis device is arranged on the ship, and the lithium extraction adsorption device adsorbed with lithium ions can be subjected to water washing and analysis treatment on the ship, and it is no longer necessary to transport it to shore for water washing and analysis treatment, thereby greatly accelerating the mining speed of lithium resources and saving the mining cost of lithium resources; S3. performing reverse osmosis treatment on the washing water and transporting the lithium ion analysis liquid to shore for subsequent treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the principle of a method for extracting lithium from seawater on a ship provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the principle of step S1 shown;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a water washing and analysis device is shown;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the water washing and analysis device shown;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the principle of step S2 shown;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the principle of step S3 is shown.

[0024] Description of reference numerals;

[0025] 201, shell; 202, slot; 203, closing door; 204, water inlet; 205, water outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0030] Example

[0031] like Figures 1 to 6 A specific implementation method of a method for extracting lithium from seawater on a ship is shown, as shown in Figure 1As shown, the method for extracting lithium from seawater on a ship comprises: S1. Placing a lithium extraction adsorption device on the ship in seawater to adsorb lithium ions in the seawater, wherein step S1 can save the operation of pumping seawater into the adsorption device originally on the ship to complete the adsorption of lithium ions, saving time and labor, making full use of the natural ocean currents to replace the electric energy required to drive a large amount of seawater to flow through the adsorbent by pumping, and transferring the adsorption process that originally took several days to more than ten days on the ship to the sea, and only a few hours of water washing and analysis work need to be completed on the ship, saving a lot of resources; S2. Recovering the lithium extraction adsorption device and performing multiple water washing and analysis treatments in the water washing and analysis device , obtain washing water and lithium ion analysis liquid, wherein the washing and analysis device is arranged on the ship, and the lithium extraction adsorption device adsorbed with lithium ions can be washed and analyzed on the ship, and it is no longer necessary to transport it to the shore for washing and analysis. After the analysis, the adsorption device can be directly placed back in the sea to continue to adsorb lithium elements, so that the lithium ion sieve material can be almost continuously adsorbed with lithium, saving the process of transporting the lithium ion sieve from the adsorption position in the sea to the shore in each cycle, greatly speeding up the mining speed of lithium resources and saving the mining cost of lithium resources; S3. The washing water is subjected to reverse osmosis treatment and the lithium ion analysis liquid is transported to the shore for subsequent treatment. Among them, steps S1-S3 are all carried out on the ship.

[0032] It should be noted that, for the above-mentioned lithium extraction adsorption device, the following method can be adopted in this embodiment. For example, the adsorbent in the lithium extraction adsorption device is directly filled in a filter bag supported by a filter net. After the filter bag is placed in seawater, the adsorbent in the filter bag adsorbs the lithium ions in the seawater. Of course, this embodiment is only an example of the specific method of the lithium extraction adsorption device, but it is not limited to this. Those skilled in the art can make changes according to actual conditions. For example, the lithium extraction adsorption device can also be set in a sheet shape, and the adsorbent is set between the sheet-shaped closed filter nets. In addition, the lithium extraction adsorption device should also be provided with a structure that is convenient for pulling out the closed filter net to facilitate the installation and recovery of the adsorbent. In this embodiment, it is sufficient to achieve the same technical effect.

[0033] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, the step S1 includes: S11. connecting multiple lithium extraction adsorption devices to a ship; S12. placing the multiple lithium extraction adsorption devices in seawater, wherein the multiple lithium extraction adsorption devices are all located below the water surface.

[0034] It should be noted that in the above steps, before placing multiple lithium extraction adsorption devices in seawater, it is necessary to confirm that the adsorbent in each lithium extraction adsorption device is in an adsorbed state to ensure the adsorption capacity of the lithium extraction adsorption device. On the left and right sides of the ship, a lithium extraction adsorption device is arranged at a certain distance from the front to the back. The lithium extraction adsorption device can be connected to the ship by a cable. It should be noted that the length of the cable should ensure that the lithium extraction adsorption device is located below the surface of the seawater as a whole, so as to maximize the adsorption capacity of the lithium extraction adsorption device.

[0035] Furthermore, before step S1, the method includes: loading a plurality of lithium extraction adsorption devices on the ship based on the loading capacity of the ship.

[0036] It should be noted that in the above steps, the loading capacity of the ship includes the degree of automation of the ship and the ability of the crew, and also involves whether there are certain auxiliary equipment, such as cable winders, mechanical cranes, etc., which all restrict the loading capacity of the ship. Among them, the greater the loading capacity of the ship, the more lithium extraction adsorption devices can be loaded. Generally, a ship can carry at least two lithium extraction adsorption devices, at least one of which is in an adsorption state located in seawater, and at least one is in a water washing and analysis state of the lithium extraction adsorption device.

[0037] Furthermore, there is a certain distance between two adjacent lithium extraction adsorption devices in the seawater.

[0038] It should be noted that in the above steps, generally, the adsorption time of the lithium extraction adsorption device in the seawater is a fixed time, and a certain distance between two adjacent lithium extraction adsorption devices can greatly utilize the adsorption capacity of the lithium extraction adsorption device. If the distance between two adjacent lithium extraction adsorption devices is too close, it will affect the adsorption effect of the latter lithium extraction adsorption device. Therefore, there should be a certain distance between two adjacent lithium extraction adsorption devices, and it should not be too small.

[0039] Further, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the water washing and analysis device includes: a shell 201, which is arranged on a ship; a plurality of slots 202, which are correspondingly arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the shell 201 in the vertical direction; each pair of the slots 202 is suitable for supporting a plurality of lithium extraction adsorption devices respectively, so that the plurality of lithium extraction adsorption devices are layered in the vertical direction; a closed door 203, which is arranged on the shell 201 and is rotatably connected to the shell 201; the closed door 203 is suitable for closing the shell 201; a water inlet 204, which is arranged at the bottom end of the shell 201; and a water outlet 205, which is arranged at the top end of the shell 201.

[0040] It should be noted that the above-mentioned water washing and analysis device can be used for sheet-shaped lithium extraction adsorption devices. When in use, open the closed door 203 to set the pull-out structure of the lithium extraction adsorption device on the slot 202 in layers, close the closed door 203 before performing the water washing and analysis treatment, and prevent the liquid from flowing out from the closed door 203. This device can perform water washing and analysis treatment on multiple lithium extraction adsorption devices at one time, wherein the water inlet 204 is set at the bottom end of the shell 201, and the water outlet 205 is set at the top end of the shell 201, which can enhance the effect of the water washing and analysis treatment.

[0041] Further, such as Figure 5 As shown, step S2 includes: S21. Calculating the expected adsorption time of the lithium extraction adsorption device and recycling the lithium extraction adsorption device; S22. Layering multiple lithium extraction adsorption devices on the slot 202, and closing the closed door 203; S23. Pumping deionized water into the shell 201 through the water inlet 204, obtaining and collecting washing water at the water outlet 205, wherein the flow rate of deionized water is 10-20 times the space volume / hour, and the duration is 10-30 minutes; S24. Pumping analysis liquid into the shell 201 through the water inlet 204, obtaining and collecting lithium ion analysis liquid at the water outlet 205, wherein the flow rate of the lithium ion analysis liquid is 10-30 times the space volume / hour, and the duration is 10-60 minutes; S25. Repeating step S23, and collecting washing water again.

[0042] It should be noted that in the above step S23, impurities adsorbed by the lithium extraction adsorption device, such as salts, particles, etc., can be cleaned to prevent these impurities from contaminating the lithium ion analysis solution obtained subsequently. Among them, the spatial volume is based on the volume of the adsorbent in the lithium extraction adsorption device, that is, the volume of the adsorbent in a lithium extraction adsorption device is 1 times the spatial volume. The flow rate of deionized water is 10-20 times the spatial volume / hour, and the duration is 10-30 minutes, which can fully clean the impurities adsorbed by the lithium extraction adsorption device. Among them, the analysis solution can be one or more of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, oxalic acid and acetic acid with an acid concentration of 0.05mol-2mol / L, and this embodiment is not limited to this. In step S25, the adsorbent that has been analyzed in the lithium extraction adsorption device can be cleaned so that the analysis solution attached to the adsorbent is separated from the adsorbent, the adsorption function of the adsorbent is restored, and the adsorbent can be reused many times.

[0043] It should be further explained that the above-mentioned water washing and analysis devices can be multiple sets to ensure that the lithium extraction adsorption devices that need to be washed and analyzed can be processed simultaneously, which can greatly increase the mining speed of lithium resources and reduce the mining cost of lithium resources.

[0044] Furthermore, the step S21 includes: calculating the expected adsorption time of the lithium extraction adsorption device based on the ship speed, seawater flow rate, seawater lithium concentration, adsorption area of ​​the lithium extraction adsorption device and adsorption capacity of the lithium extraction adsorption device.

[0045] It should be noted that the estimated adsorption time can be obtained according to the following formula 1:

[0046]

[0047] Wherein, T is the estimated adsorption time of the lithium extraction adsorption device;

[0048] N is the adsorption capacity of the lithium extraction adsorption device;

[0049] V is the average velocity of seawater;

[0050] E is the average lithium recovery efficiency, which is calculated as E = (1-(lithium ion concentration in seawater after adsorption / lithium ion concentration in seawater before adsorption))*100%;

[0051] S is the adsorption area of ​​the lithium extraction adsorption device;

[0052] ρ is the lithium ion concentration in seawater;

[0053] The unit of N is mol, and the units of other elements depend on the situation. When the expected adsorption time is reached, the lithium extraction adsorption device has adsorbed enough lithium ions, and then the lithium extraction adsorption device is completely recovered through the cable.

[0054] Generally, the lithium extraction adsorption device described in this application is placed in the sea for adsorption. Because the lithium ion concentration in seawater is extremely low, only 0.1-0.2ppm, it takes about 10 days for the lithium extraction adsorption device to absorb lithium once. Assuming that the analysis device carried by a ship can analyze 10 lithium extraction adsorption devices a day, the ship can be contracted to 100 lithium extraction adsorption devices. On the first day, No. 1-10 are analyzed, and after analysis, No. 1-10 adsorption devices are put back into the sea for continued adsorption. On the second day, No. 11-20 are analyzed. In this way, on the eleventh day, No. 1-10 lithium extraction adsorption devices have been adsorbed for 10 days. After saturation, analysis can be carried out. This is much more efficient than directly using a ship with several adsorption devices.

[0055] Furthermore, the step S2 further comprises: S26. Recovering the lithium extraction adsorption device after multiple water washing and analysis treatments and repeating steps S1 and S2. When the lithium extraction adsorption device after multiple water washing and analysis treatments recovers its adsorption capacity, the steps S1 and S2 can be continued.

[0056] Further, such as Figure 6As shown, step S3 includes: S31. performing reverse osmosis treatment on the washing water collected in steps S23, S25 and step S26 to obtain deionized water and reverse osmosis concentrate, and discharging the obtained reverse osmosis concentrate into the sea; S32. after the ship docks, transporting the lithium ion analysis solution collected in steps S24, S25 and step S26 to the shore for subsequent treatment.

[0057] It should be noted that the reverse osmosis concentrate obtained after reverse osmosis treatment of the wash water has the same composition as seawater, so it can be directly discharged into the seawater, and the obtained deionized water can be used to prepare analytical solution or for other purposes.

[0058] Furthermore, the step S32 includes concentrating the lithium ion analysis solution to remove impurities and crystallize lithium to obtain lithium carbonate and / or lithium hydroxide products.

[0059] It should be noted that after the ship docks, it is necessary to unload the lithium-ion-rich analytical solution and replenish the concentrated acid, deionized water and reagents used for reverse osmosis treatment regeneration used to prepare the analytical solution. The unloaded lithium-ion-rich analytical solution will be used to prepare lithium carbonate or lithium hydroxide products.

[0060] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for extracting lithium from seawater on a ship, characterized in that: include: S1. Place the lithium extraction adsorption device on the ship in the seawater to adsorb the lithium ions in the seawater; S2. Recovering the lithium adsorption device and performing multiple water washing and analysis treatments in the water washing and analysis device to obtain washing water and lithium ion analysis solution; S3. The wash water is subjected to reverse osmosis treatment and the lithium ion analysis solution is transported to shore for subsequent treatment.

2. The method for extracting lithium from seawater on a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 comprises: S11. Connecting multiple lithium extraction adsorption devices to the ship; S12. Placing multiple lithium extraction adsorption devices in seawater, wherein the multiple lithium extraction adsorption devices are all located below the water surface.

3. The method for extracting lithium from seawater on a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before step S1, the method includes: Multiple lithium extraction adsorption devices are loaded on the ship based on the loading capacity of the ship.

4. The method for extracting lithium from seawater on a ship according to claim 3, characterized in that: There is a certain distance between two adjacent lithium extraction adsorption devices in seawater.

5. The method for extracting lithium from seawater on a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water washing and parsing device comprises: A shell, arranged on a ship; A plurality of slots are correspondingly arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the shell in the vertical direction; each pair of the slots is suitable for supporting a plurality of lithium extraction adsorption devices respectively, so that the plurality of lithium extraction adsorption devices are arranged in layers in the vertical direction; A closing door, which is arranged on the housing and is rotatably connected to the housing; the closing door is suitable for closing the housing; A water inlet is arranged at the bottom end of the shell; The water outlet is arranged at the top end of the shell.

6. The method for extracting lithium from seawater on a ship according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S2 comprises: S21. Calculate the estimated adsorption time of the lithium adsorption device and recycle the lithium adsorption device; S22. The plurality of lithium adsorption devices are layered on the slots and the closed door is closed; S23. Deionized water is pumped into the housing through the water inlet, and the wash water is obtained and collected at the water outlet, wherein the flow rate of deionized water is 10-20 times the space volume / hour, and the duration is 10-30 minutes; S24. The analytical solution is pumped into the housing through the water inlet, and the lithium ion analytical solution is obtained and collected at the water outlet, wherein the flow rate of the lithium ion analytical solution is 10-30 times the space volume / hour, and the duration is 10-60 minutes; S25. Repeat step S23 and collect the washing water again.

7. The method for extracting lithium from seawater on a ship according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step S21 comprises: Based on the ship speed, seawater flow rate, seawater lithium concentration, adsorption area of ​​the lithium extraction adsorption device and the adsorption capacity of the lithium extraction adsorption device, the expected adsorption time of the lithium extraction adsorption device is calculated.

8. The method for extracting lithium from seawater on a ship according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step S2 further comprises: S26. Recover the lithium extraction adsorption device after multiple water washing and analysis treatments and repeat steps S1 and S2.

9. The method for extracting lithium from seawater on a ship according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step S3 comprises: S31. The wash water collected in steps S23, S25 and S26 is subjected to reverse osmosis treatment to obtain deionized water and reverse osmosis concentrate, and the obtained reverse osmosis concentrate is discharged into the sea; S32. After the ship docks, the lithium ion analysis solution collected in steps S24, S25 and S26 is transported to the shore for subsequent processing.

10. The method for extracting lithium from seawater on a ship according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step S32 includes concentrating and removing impurities from the lithium ion analysis solution and crystallizing lithium to obtain lithium carbonate and / or lithium hydroxide products.

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