Fire-resistant heat-preservation gasification furnace lining

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a fire-resistant heat-preservation gasification furnace lining. The fire-resistant heat-preservation gasification furnace lining comprises a cylinder body, the barrel body comprises a barrel top, a barrel bottom and a barrel body; the cylinder body consists of six layers of structures, namely an aluminum silicate double-sided needled carpet layer I, a nano insulating brick layer I, a ceramic fiber paper layer I, a poly-light fire-resistant insulating plastic concrete layer, a ceramic fiber paper layer II and a mullite silicon carbide castable layer I from outside to inside in sequence; the cylinder top consists of two layers of structures, namely an aluminum silicate double-sided needled carpet layer II, a nano insulating brick layer II and a mullite silicon carbide castable layer II from outside to inside in sequence; and the cylinder bottom is formed by pouring a refractory material. The lining can effectively improve the heat preservation and insulation effect, reduce the surface temperature of the gasifier body and save energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gasifiers, and in particular to a refractory heat-insulating gasifier lining. Background Art

[0002] At present, the medium in the gasifier is generally hot coal gas, with a normal operating temperature range of 900-1050℃, a working pressure of 30kPa, and a reducing atmosphere in the furnace. The gasification devices studied and put into operation at home and abroad pay more and more attention to improving the thermal insulation effect of the refractory materials of the gasifier. Different refractory materials are tested and applied on the gasifier to reduce the heat loss of the gasifier and improve the efficiency of the gasifier.

[0003] In the prior art, after the thermal insulation of the gasifier lining, the surface temperature of the gasifier body is generally 80-110°C, with an average temperature of 95°C. The heat dissipation loss of the gasifier body is large, and the energy consumption of the gasifier is high, and further improvement is urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a refractory heat-insulating gasifier lining, which can effectively improve the heat-insulating effect, reduce the surface temperature of the gasifier body, and save energy consumption.

[0005] The refractory heat-insulating gasifier lining comprises a cylinder; The cylinder body comprises a cylinder top, a cylinder bottom and a cylinder body; the cylinder body is composed of a 6-layer structure, which is, from outside to inside, aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket layer I, nano thermal insulation brick layer I, ceramic fiber paper layer I, polylight refractory thermal insulation plastic concrete layer, ceramic fiber paper layer II, and mullite silicon carbide castable layer I; the cylinder top is composed of a 2-layer structure, which is, from outside to inside, aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket layer II, nano thermal insulation brick layer II, and mullite silicon carbide castable layer II; The cylinder bottom is cast by refractory material.

[0006] The aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket layer I is composed of three layers of aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blankets, and the thickness of a single layer of aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket is 15-30 mm; The thickness of the nano thermal insulation brick layer I is 110-150mm; The thickness of the ceramic fiber paper layer I and the ceramic fiber paper layer II are both 15-30 mm; The thickness of the polylight fire-resistant heat-insulating plastic concrete layer is 100-140mm; The thickness of the mullite silicon carbide casting material layer I is 80-120 mm.

[0007] The aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket layer II is composed of a double-layer aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket, and the thickness of the single-layer aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket is 40-60mm; the thickness of the nano thermal insulation brick layer II is 160-200mm; the thickness of the mullite silicon carbide castable layer II is 120-160mm.

[0008] The aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket layer I, the nano thermal insulation brick layer I, the polylight refractory thermal insulation plastic concrete layer, and the mullite silicon carbide castable layer I are respectively provided with a plurality of vertical expansion joints at even intervals, and the positions of the expansion joints of the above layers are staggered; each expansion joint is filled with micro-expansion refractory plastic; the ceramic fiber paper layer I and the ceramic fiber paper layer II are not provided with expansion joints.

[0009] The refractory material of the bottom of the cylinder is a double-layer material, which includes a nano insulation brick layer III and a mullite silicon carbide castable layer II from top to bottom. The thickness of the nano insulation brick layer III is 600-750mm, and the thickness of the mullite silicon carbide castable layer II is 120-200mm.

[0010] An air inlet is provided in the middle of the bottom of the cylinder, and a hood is provided on the air inlet. The hood is a cylindrical body that covers the entire air inlet, and a plurality of air outlets are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the lower part of the side wall of the hood; an opening corresponding to the air inlet is provided at the bottom of the hood, and an air inlet pipe enters the hood from the opening; a group of slag discharge ports are respectively provided on both sides of the air inlet at the bottom of the cylinder.

[0011] A feed pipe is provided on the top of the cylinder body, a balancing pipe is provided on the upper part of the cylinder body, and a coal drop pipe and a return pipe are provided on the lower part of the cylinder body; the coal drop pipe and the return pipe are staggered, and the vertical height of the coal drop pipe is higher than the vertical height of the return pipe; an inner lining pipe with the same structure as the cylinder body is provided in the return pipe; a plurality of ignition air duct inspection manholes are staggered from top to bottom on the cylinder body.

[0012] An explosion-proof door is arranged in the middle of the cylinder top.

[0013] Nano thermal insulation brick layer I, nano thermal insulation brick layer II and nano thermal insulation brick layer III adopt nano thermal insulation bricks of existing technology, such as nano thermal insulation bricks produced by Zhengzhou Rongsheng Kiln Engineering Technology Co., Ltd.

[0014] The polylight refractory heat-insulating plastic concrete layer adopts the polylight refractory heat-insulating plastic concrete of the existing technology, such as the products produced by Zhengzhou Rongsheng Kiln Engineering Technology Co., Ltd. or Zhengzhou Shengshi Jinding Heat-Insulating Refractory Materials Co., Ltd.

[0015] Micro-expanding refractory plastics use products of existing technology, such as those produced by Zhengzhou Rongsheng Kiln Engineering Technology Co., Ltd.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention inserts two layers of ceramic fiber paper in the middle of the insulation layer, which can separate two different materials and form layers better. At the same time, it prevents the inner layer from being torn due to thermal expansion and forming a through seam with the outer material layer, thereby avoiding overheating.

[0017] The gasifier lining of the present invention can effectively improve the thermal insulation effect, reduce the surface temperature of the gasifier body, and increase the temperature in the furnace and the gasification efficiency when the raw coal material and the furnace bottom temperature are consistent. It can also reduce the CO2 content and reduce coal loss. It has good economic and environmental benefits and has good application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the refractory heat-insulating gasification furnace lining of an embodiment; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Magnified views of parts A and B; Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a hood according to an embodiment; The serial numbers and names in the figure are as follows: 1-cylinder top, 2-cylinder bottom, 3-cylinder body, 4-aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket layer I, 5-nano insulation brick layer I, 6-ceramic fiber paper layer I, 7-polylight refractory insulation plastic concrete layer, 8-ceramic fiber paper layer II, 9-mullite silicon carbide castable layer I, 10-air inlet, 11-wind cap, 12-air outlet, 13-air inlet pipe, 14-feed pipe, 15-balance pipe, 16-coal drop pipe, 17-return pipe, 18-lining pipe, 19-ignition air duct inspection manhole, 20-explosion-proof door, 21-slag discharge port, 22-aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket layer II, 23-nano insulation brick layer II, 24-mullite silicon carbide castable layer II, 25-nano insulation brick layer III, 26-mullite silicon carbide castable layer II. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example 1

[0020] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the refractory heat-insulating gasifier lining includes a cylinder; The cylinder comprises a cylinder top 1, a cylinder bottom 2, and a cylinder body 3; the cylinder body 3 is composed of a 6-layer structure, which is, from outside to inside, an aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket layer Ⅰ4, a nano thermal insulation brick layer Ⅰ5, a ceramic fiber paper layer Ⅰ6, a polylight refractory thermal insulation plastic concrete layer 7, a ceramic fiber paper layer Ⅱ8, and a mullite silicon carbide castable layer Ⅰ9; the cylinder top 1 is composed of a 2-layer structure, which is, from outside to inside, an aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket layer Ⅱ22, a nano thermal insulation brick layer Ⅱ23, and a mullite silicon carbide castable layer Ⅱ24; The cylinder bottom 2 is cast from refractory material.

[0021] The aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket layer Ⅰ4 is composed of three layers of aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blankets, and the thickness of a single layer of aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket is 20 mm; the thickness of the nano insulation brick layer Ⅰ5 is 120 mm; the thickness of the ceramic fiber paper layer Ⅰ6 and the ceramic fiber paper layer Ⅱ8 are both 20 mm; the thickness of the polylight refractory thermal insulation plastic concrete layer 7 is 120 mm; the thickness of the mullite silicon carbide castable layer Ⅰ9 is 100 mm.

[0022] The aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket layer II22 is composed of a double-layer aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket, and the thickness of the single-layer aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket is 50 mm; the thickness of the nano thermal insulation brick layer II23 is 180 mm; the thickness of the mullite silicon carbide castable layer II24 is 140 mm.

[0023] The aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket layer Ⅰ4, nano insulation brick layer Ⅰ5, polylight refractory insulation plastic concrete layer 7, and mullite silicon carbide castable layer Ⅰ9 are respectively evenly spaced with a plurality of vertical expansion joints, and the positions of the expansion joints of the above layers are staggered; each expansion joint is filled with micro-expansion refractory plastic; the ceramic fiber paper layer Ⅰ6 and the ceramic fiber paper layer Ⅱ8 are not provided with expansion joints.

[0024] The refractory material of the cylinder bottom 2 is a double-layer material, which comprises a nano thermal insulation brick layer III 25 and a mullite silicon carbide castable layer II 26 from top to bottom. The thickness of the nano thermal insulation brick layer III 25 is 650 mm, and the thickness of the mullite silicon carbide castable layer II 26 is 150 mm.

[0025] An air inlet 10 is provided in the middle of the cylinder bottom 2, and a hood 11 is provided on the air inlet 10. The hood 11 is a cylindrical body that covers the entire air inlet 10, and a plurality of air outlets 12 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the lower part of the side wall of the hood 11; an opening corresponding to the air inlet 10 is provided at the bottom of the hood 11, and an air inlet pipe 13 enters the hood 11 from the opening; a group of slag discharge ports 21 are respectively provided on both sides of the air inlet 10 of the cylinder bottom 2.

[0026] A feed pipe 14 is provided on the top of the barrel 3, a balancing pipe 15 is provided on the upper part of the barrel 3, and a coal drop pipe 16 and a return pipe 17 are provided on the lower part of the barrel 3; the coal drop pipe 16 and the return pipe 17 are staggered, and the vertical height of the coal drop pipe 16 is higher than the vertical height of the return pipe 17; an inner lining pipe 18 having the same structure as the barrel 3 is provided in the return pipe 17; a plurality of ignition air duct inspection manholes 19 are staggered from top to bottom on the barrel 3.

[0027] An explosion-proof door 20 is provided in the middle of the cylinder top 1. Example 2

[0028] Taking a gasifier in the applicant's workshop as an example, after using the refractory and heat-insulating gasifier lining of Example 1, the average surface temperature of the gasifier body can be reduced from about 92°C to 68°C, and the surface temperature has dropped by 24°C, effectively reducing the heat dissipation loss of the gasifier; and the thermal insulation effect of the gasifier is improved. When the raw coal material and the furnace bottom temperature are consistent, the temperature of the gas phase zone inside the furnace is increased from about 850°C to 900°C, and the increase is about 50°C, which effectively guarantees the energy required by the furnace during the gasification process and improves the gasification efficiency of the furnace. Moreover, the CO2 content of the furnace is 12.51% on average, which is about 0.3% lower than before the improvement; the CO content of the gasifier is 19.07% on average, which is about 0.3% higher than that of other gasifiers. Calculated by the coal-to-air ratio, the coal consumption of the gasifier is 5.42% lower than the average coal consumption of other gasifiers under the same working conditions. After the improvement, the bottom pressure of the gasifier is 0.8KPa higher than before the improvement, and the bottom flow rate is increased, which effectively enhances the gas-solid contact during the gasification process and improves the conversion efficiency of the system.

[0029] According to the analysis and comparison of coal-air ratio, after the application of the gasifier lining, the coal consumption per unit decreased by 5.42%. From January to October 2022, the coal consumption per unit of the gasifier was 419.9Kg / Km 3 Therefore, the coal consumption per unit decreased by 22.76Kg / Km 3 , based on an annual gasifier operation rate of 80%, a production load of 95%, and a production capacity of 40 km 3 / h, based on the average unit price of burnt coal of 871.81 yuan / ton from January to October 2022, the annual coal cost can be reduced by: 22.76×40×80%×95%×8760×871.81÷1000÷10000=528.41 (10,000 yuan / year).

Claims

1. A refractory heat-insulating gasifier lining, comprising a cylinder; characterized in that: The cylinder comprises a cylinder top (1), a cylinder bottom (2), and a cylinder body (3); the cylinder body (3) is composed of a six-layer structure, which, from the outside to the inside, are an aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket layer I (4), a nano thermal insulation brick layer I (5), a ceramic fiber paper layer I (6), a polylight refractory thermal insulation plastic concrete layer (7), a ceramic fiber paper layer II (8), and a mullite silicon carbide castable layer I (9); the cylinder top (1) is composed of a two-layer structure, which, from the outside to the inside, are an aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket layer II (22), a nano thermal insulation brick layer II (23), and a mullite silicon carbide castable layer II (24); The cylinder bottom (2) is cast from refractory material.

2. The refractory heat-insulating gasifier lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket layer I (4) is composed of three layers of aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blankets, and the thickness of a single layer of aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket is 15-30 mm; The thickness of the nano thermal insulation brick layer I (5) is 110-150 mm; The thickness of the ceramic fiber paper layer I (6) and the ceramic fiber paper layer II (8) are both 15-30 mm; The thickness of the polylight fire-resistant heat-insulating plastic concrete layer (7) is 100-140 mm; The thickness of the mullite silicon carbide casting material layer I (9) is 80-120 mm.

3. The refractory heat-insulating gasifier lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket layer II (22) is composed of a double-layer aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket, and the thickness of the single-layer aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket is 40-60 mm; the thickness of the nano thermal insulation brick layer II (23) is 160-200 mm; and the thickness of the mullite silicon carbide castable layer II (24) is 120-160 mm.

4. The refractory heat-insulating gasifier lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum silicate double-sided needle-punched blanket layer I (4), the nano thermal insulation brick layer I (5), the polylight refractory thermal insulation plastic concrete layer (7), and the mullite silicon carbide castable layer I (9) are respectively provided with a plurality of vertical expansion joints at even intervals, and the positions of the expansion joints of the above layers are staggered; each expansion joint is filled with a micro-expansion refractory plastic; the ceramic fiber paper layer I (6) and the ceramic fiber paper layer II (8) are not provided with expansion joints.

5. The refractory heat-insulating gasifier lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refractory material of the cylinder bottom (2) is a double-layer material, which comprises, from top to bottom, a nano-insulation brick layer III (25) and a mullite silicon carbide castable layer II (26). The thickness of the nano-insulation brick layer III (25) is 600-750 mm, and the thickness of the mullite silicon carbide castable layer II (26) is 120-200 mm.

6. The refractory heat-insulating gasifier lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet (10) is provided in the middle of the cylinder bottom (2), and a hood (11) is provided on the air inlet (10). The hood (11) is a cylindrical body that completely covers the air inlet (10), and a plurality of air outlets (12) are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the lower portion of the side wall of the hood (11); an opening corresponding to the air inlet (10) is provided at the bottom of the hood (11), and an air inlet pipe (13) enters the hood (11) through the opening; and a group of slag discharge ports (21) are respectively provided on both sides of the air inlet (10) of the cylinder bottom (2).

7. The refractory heat-insulating gasifier lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed pipe (14) is provided on the top of the barrel (3), a balancing pipe (15) is provided on the upper part of the barrel (3), and a coal drop pipe (16) and a return pipe (17) are provided on the lower part of the barrel (3); the coal drop pipe (16) and the return pipe (17) are staggered, and the vertical height of the coal drop pipe (16) is higher than the vertical height of the return pipe (17); an inner lining pipe (18) having the same structure as the barrel (3) is provided in the return pipe (17); and a plurality of ignition air duct inspection manholes (19) are staggered from top to bottom on the barrel (3).

8. The refractory heat-insulating gasifier lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: An explosion-proof door (20) is provided in the middle of the cylinder top (1).

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