Water-gas combined movable integrated silt reduction device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-gas combined movable integrated silt reduction device and method, and belongs to the technical field of silt reduction. The water-gas combined movable integrated silt reduction device comprises a gas source used for providing gas; the silt reduction device is connected with the air source and used for underwater silt reduction; the driving device is used for driving the silt reducing device to move; the air source comprises an air compressor and a first air storage tank connected with the air compressor; the silt reduction device comprises a second gas storage tank connected with the gas source; the water storage tank is connected with the gas source; the water outlet nozzle is connected with the water storage tank; the air outlet nozzle is connected with the second air storage tank; according to the water and gas combined movable integrated silt reduction device and method, precise silt reduction is achieved in a submergible and floatable mode; the advantages of air jet flow and water jet flow silt reduction are combined, and efficient silt reduction is achieved; it is guaranteed that the equipment is not electrified underwater, silt reduction in two modes is achieved completely through land air source supply, and safe silt reduction is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of silt reduction, and in particular relates to a water-gas combined mobile integrated silt reduction device and method. Background Art

[0002] For a certain river section, if the amount of sediment transported from upstream is greater than the sediment-carrying capacity of this river section, the excess sediment will settle down. The phenomenon of sediment accumulation causing the bed surface to rise is called siltation. Generally speaking, siltation is more likely to occur in river sections with a small riverbed gradient and a small water flow. Siltation is a manifestation of unbalanced sediment transport. The accumulation of sediment in the riverbed, harbor, and waterway often causes the riverbed to deform, the harbor to become shallow, and the waterway to become blocked.

[0003] Especially in the dock area, serious siltation has brought safety hazards to the dock structure. In order to ensure the safety of the dock structure and the normal operation of the dock production, however, the existing siltation reduction efficiency is low, the safety hazards are great, and the siltation cannot be reduced accurately. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new water-gas combined mobile integrated siltation reduction device and method to solve the existing problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a mobile integrated silt reduction device and method combining water and air, so as to solve the problem of inability to accurately reduce silt.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a mobile integrated silt reduction device combining water and air, comprising:

[0006] A gas source, used for providing gas;

[0007] A silt reduction device, connected to the gas source, for reducing siltation underwater;

[0008] A driving device, used for driving the silt reduction device to move;

[0009] The gas source includes an air compressor and a first gas storage tank connected to the air compressor;

[0010] The silt reduction device comprises:

[0011] A second gas storage tank connected to the gas source;

[0012] A water storage tank connected to the gas source;

[0013] a water outlet nozzle connected to the water storage tank;

[0014] and a gas outlet nozzle connected to the second gas storage tank.

[0015] Preferably, the driving device includes: a winch connected to the silt reduction device, and a frequency converter connected to the winch.

[0016] Preferably, the second gas tank is provided with a first pipe connected to the first gas tank and an exhaust port of the second gas tank. The frequency converter realizes the speed of movement of the traction equipment. The winch has only a fixed speed. Only when it is used in conjunction with the frequency converter can the speed of the winch be changed, thereby controlling the speed of the traction equipment.

[0017] Preferably, the water tank is provided with a water tank air inlet connected to the first air tank and a water tank water outlet connected to the air exhaust.

[0018] Preferably, the first pipeline is provided with a first solenoid valve;

[0019] The exhaust port of the second gas storage tank is provided with a second solenoid valve;

[0020] The air inlet of the water storage tank is provided with a third solenoid valve.

[0021] Preferably, the water storage tank is connected to a water outlet nozzle via a drainage pipe, and a plurality of water outlet nozzles are arranged in the inner circle of the air exhaust;

[0022] The second gas storage tank is connected to the gas outlet nozzle through a gas pipeline, and a plurality of gas outlet nozzles are arranged on the outer circle of the gas exhaust.

[0023] Preferably, the second gas storage tank and the water storage tank are respectively connected to the support frame.

[0024] Preferably, the jet angles of the water outlet nozzle and the air outlet nozzle are 45° or 90°; and the diameters of the water outlet nozzle and the air outlet nozzle range from 1 mm to 10 mm.

[0025] Preferably, the water storage tank has a capacity of 0.6 m 3 ;

[0026] The peak pressure of the second gas storage tank is 1.5kg / m 3 .

[0027] The present invention further provides a mobile integrated silt reduction method combining water and air, comprising the following steps:

[0028] The silt reduction device moves to the area to be silted;

[0029] The water tank is filled with water. When water is filled, the second solenoid valve of the second gas tank is opened. The second solenoid valve controls the exhaust of the second gas tank. The water tank starts to fill with water and sink. When the water in the water tank fills the container, the first solenoid valve is closed. At this time, the equipment starts to sink due to its own gravity and falls on the silt. At this time, the first solenoid valve is opened. At this time, the second solenoid valve is in a closed state. High-pressure gas is input to the second gas tank through the onshore air compressor and the first gas tank. When the first gas tank reaches the required air pressure for dredging, the entire equipment is in a waiting state.

[0030] Opening the first solenoid valve on the first pipeline allows the high-pressure gas to be released through the air outlet nozzle to realize an air jet; the first pipeline is connected to the first gas tank on the shore through a hose, and the first solenoid valve is arranged on the first pipeline. After the first solenoid valve is opened, the high-pressure gas in the first gas tank on the shore enters the second gas tank of the underwater equipment through the first pipeline, and at this time, the high-pressure gas is transported to the air outlet nozzle of the gas discharge outer ring to realize an air jet; the third solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve are connected to the first gas tank through a gas delivery hose, and the fourth solenoid valve is opened to allow water to be ejected from the water outlet nozzle to form a high-pressure water jet; after the water in the water tank is completely discharged, the second gas tank and the water tank are both empty at this time, and the buoyancy generated is greater than the dead weight of the silt reduction device, the silt reduction device begins to float, and moves the position through the winch, and the above operation is repeated;

[0031] The control algorithm for the sinking or floating of the silt reduction device includes: assuming that the mass of the second gas storage tank is greater than the mass of other components at the bottom, ignoring the mass of components other than the water storage tank and the second gas storage tank, the silt reduction device sinks and floats by changing the deadweight of the water storage tank, and the formula obtained by force balance is as follows:

[0032] The left side of the equation is gravity, and the right side is buoyancy; represents the acceleration due to gravity;

[0033] The solution is: ;

[0034] In the formula, V1 is the volume of the second gas tank; V2 is the volume of the water tank; — average density of solids, represents the density of water, Indicates the density of air, assuming 1m 3 The mass of the water tank is 280 kg, the specifications are inner diameter 800 mm, wall thickness 6 mm, total height 2185 mm: air pressure is 1.05 MPa; n represents the coefficient, n is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, nV2 is the volume of water in the water tank, when n=0 the water tank is empty, when n=1 the water tank is full of water; =1000kg / m 3 , =1.29kg / m 3 , =280kg / m 3 .

[0035] Further solution That is, if V1>1.4nV2, the siltation reduction device will float; if V1<1.4nV2, the siltation reduction device will sink.

[0036] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows: the mobile integrated silt reduction device and method combining water and air can achieve precise silt reduction through a submersible and floatable mode; it combines the advantages of air jet and water jet silt reduction to achieve efficient silt reduction; it ensures that the equipment is not connected to electricity underwater, and realizes two modes of silt reduction completely through the supply of onshore gas sources, thereby achieving safe silt reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a general schematic diagram of the mobile integrated silt reduction device combining water and air of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional diagram of the silt reduction device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a left side view of the silt reduction device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 A top view of the silt reduction device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the water and air flow directions of the silt reduction device of the present invention.

[0042] In the figure: 100, gas source; 200, silt reduction device; 110, air compressor; 120, first gas storage tank; 220, support frame; 213, first solenoid valve; 214, first pipeline; 250, support steel plate; 260, second gas storage tank; 270, water storage tank; 8, air outlet nozzle; 9, water outlet nozzle; 224, exhaust port of second gas storage tank; 223, second solenoid valve; 234, air inlet of water storage tank; 233, third solenoid valve; 243, fourth solenoid valve; 244, gas pipeline; 310, winch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] The present invention provides Figure 1 The mobile integrated silt reduction device combined with water and air is shown, based on the basic principle of pneumatic sand flushing and water jet silt removal technology combined with on-site conditions. The device is mainly composed of three parts: an air source 100, a driving device and a silt reduction device 200. The air source 100 is composed of an air compressor 110 and a first air storage tank 120; the driving device is composed of a winch 310 and a frequency converter;

[0045] The silt reduction device 200 is lowered to the water surface, i.e., the initial state, by a crane. By opening the second solenoid valve 223 of the second air tank 260, the silt reduction device 200 begins to fill with water and sink. After the water tank 270 is filled with water, the silt reduction device 200 sinks to the surface of the bed sand. When the silt reduction device 200 is in the silt removal state, the third solenoid valve 233 and the fourth solenoid valve 243 on the upper part of the air exhaust are opened to discharge high-pressure water from the inner circle at the bottom of the air exhaust. The air compressor 110 on the shore delivers high-pressure gas to the outer circle of the air exhaust, so that high-pressure water and air jets work together on the surface of the bed sand to achieve efficient silt reduction. The air exhaust is a frame composed of an inner circle and an outer circle. The inner circle of the air exhaust is a high-pressure water jet, such as Figure 4 The position indicated by A in the middle; the outer circle is the air jet, such as Figure 4 The position indicated by B in the figure; nozzles are provided on the inner and outer rings respectively.

[0046] When the water in the water tank 270 above the air exhaust is emptied, open the fourth solenoid valve 243 to allow it to automatically refill with water. At the same time, the air exhaust is exhausted through the air pipe on shore to achieve alternating use of water jets and air jets. As all the water in the second air tank 260 and the water tank 270 is completely discharged, the buoyancy of the silt reduction device 200 exceeds its own weight and it will float to the water surface. The equipment will be moved to the next silt removal point through the driving devices and traction ropes on both sides of the bank, and the above work will be repeated.

[0047] The silt reduction device 200 combines a driving device and a submersible and buoyant mode to achieve precise silt reduction; combines the advantages of air jet and water jet silt reduction to achieve efficient silt reduction; ensures that the equipment is not connected to electricity underwater, and completely relies on the air source 100 to supply two modes of silt reduction, thereby achieving safe silt reduction.

[0048] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the silt reduction device 200 is mainly composed of three parts: the top gas tank for air supply, namely the second gas tank 260, the water tank 270 for water supply and the gas exhaust at the bottom; the second gas tank 260 has a first pipeline 214 and a second gas tank exhaust port 224 on the upper part, both of which are controlled by solenoid valves to control their opening and closing states. The water tank 270 has a water tank air inlet 234 at the upper part and a drainage pipe at the bottom, both of which are also controlled by solenoid valves. The drainage pipe is a channel for discharging high-pressure gas. The drainage pipe is connected to the water outlet nozzle 9 of the inner circle of the bottom gas exhaust, and the high-pressure water body is discharged through the water outlet nozzle 9. The outer circle of the gas exhaust is an air jet, and high-pressure gas is provided to the outer circle of the gas exhaust through the second gas tank 260. At the same time, there is a first gas tank 120 on the shore, which can transport high-pressure gas to the outer circle of the gas exhaust through the gas pipeline 244. A support steel plate 250 is arranged between the second gas tank 260 and the water tank 270, and the gas pipeline 244 has a fixed support function;

[0049] The volume of the upper water storage tank 270 of the gas exhaust is 0.6m 3 The peak pressure of the second gas storage tank 260 is 1.5 kg / m3 The air outlet size is 5m×2m, the angle and size of the water outlet nozzle 9 and the air outlet nozzle 8 can be interchanged, the diameter is 1mm to 10mm, and the jet angle is 45° or 90°; the silt reduction device 200 is about 1.6m high. The air source 100 on the shore includes an air compressor 110 and a first air storage tank 120. The peak air pressure of the air compressor 110 is 1.3kg / m 3 , gas volume is 20m 3 / min. The volume of the first gas storage tank 120 is 5m 3 , the peak air pressure is 1.8MPa.

[0050] In this embodiment, the preliminary test uses a fixed air exhaust device for testing. The purpose of the test is mainly to clarify the effects of different apertures, different nozzle angles and different air pressures on the silt reduction effect, and to provide guidance for the mobile silt reduction formal test. At the same time, during the test, factors other than the test variables, such as exhaust method and exhaust time, need to be strictly controlled. The exhaust time for each test is 20 minutes.

[0051] (1) Effect of exhaust aperture diameter on dredging effect

[0052] The test compares the dredging effects under four exhaust hole diameters: 1mm, 3mm, 5mm, and 7mm.

[0053] (2) Effect of exhaust angle on dredging effect

[0054] The test compares the dredging effects at two nozzle angles of 45° and 90°.

[0055] (3) Effect of exhaust pressure on dredging effect

[0056] The test compared the dredging effects under three exhaust gas pressure conditions: 0.6MPa, 0.8MPa and 1.0MPa.

[0057] The formal test uses the silt reduction device 200 for testing. The optimal aperture, angle and air pressure of the test have been clarified through preliminary tests. The parameters of the equipment are adjusted to the optimal level using the preliminary test results. The mobile type needs to clarify the silt reduction effects under the same parameter conditions of water jet silt removal, air jet silt removal and water-air combined jet silt removal. Each group of formal tests lasts 20 minutes. The specific time is determined based on the time it takes for the water in the gas tank to be completely discharged. The speed of water discharge is related to pressure and aperture. After a group of tests is completed, the equipment floats up and moves by cables to silt the next area.

[0058] Before, after and during the test, elevation, sediment and suspended sediment sampling measurements were carried out on the seriously silted areas to compare the changes in terrain elevation before and after dredging, and to compare the changes in suspended sediment gradation during dredging and the changes in bottom sediment gradation before and after dredging.

[0059] An unmanned boat equipped with multi-beam was used to measure the terrain elevation before and after the test to compare the terrain elevation changes before and after dredging. At the same time, a depth meter was used to measure the terrain elevation before and after the test area to prevent underwater floating mud from causing large errors in the multi-beam terrain measurement results;

[0060] Grab the bottom mud before and after the test to compare the change of bottom mud gradation before and after dredging. Select the pre-test area and the typical area behind the formal test wharf to sample the bottom mud and analyze the properties of the mud. Currently, the bottom mud in one of the pre-test areas is sampled and analyzed.

[0061] The sand-containing water sampler samples the surface and bottom layers of sand-containing water before and during the test. On the one hand, it is mainly calibrated with the OBS turbidity meter. On the other hand, the sediment in the sampled water is dried, screened and weighed to determine the particle size distribution of suspended sand in the water.

[0062] The propeller current meter was used to measure the ebb current velocity during the test to monitor the hydrodynamic conditions during the test.

[0063] The present invention further provides a mobile integrated silt reduction method combining water and air, comprising the following steps:

[0064] First, place the silt reduction device 200 on the water surface, that is, above the area to be silted, and then the water tank 270 begins to take in water. When taking in water, the second solenoid valve 223 of the second gas tank 260 opens, and the water tank 270 begins to fill with water and sink. After the water in the water tank 270 fills the container, close the second solenoid valve 223, the third solenoid valve 233, and the fourth solenoid valve 243. At this time, the equipment begins to sink due to its own gravity and falls on the silt. At this time, open the first solenoid valve 213, and the second solenoid valve 223, the third solenoid valve 233, and the fourth solenoid valve 243 are in a closed state. Start inputting high-pressure gas into the second gas tank 260 through the onshore air compressor 110 and the first gas tank 120. When the first gas tank 120 reaches the required air pressure for silting, it is in a waiting state. Figure 5 As shown, opening the first solenoid valve 213 allows the high-pressure gas to reach the outer ring of the gas exhaust along the blue arrow, and is released through the gas outlet nozzle 8 of the outer ring to realize air jet; opening the third solenoid valve 233 and the fourth solenoid valve 243 and connecting them to the first gas storage tank 120 on the shore through a gas hose, and opening the fourth solenoid valve 243 allows water to pass through Figure 5 The yellow arrow in the middle enters the inner circle of the air discharge, and the high-pressure water is ejected through the water outlet nozzle 9 of the inner circle to form a high-pressure water jet. After the water in the lower water storage tank 270 is completely discharged, the second air storage tank 260 and the water storage tank 270 are both empty at this time, and the buoyancy generated is greater than the deadweight of the silt reduction device 200. The silt reduction device 200 begins to float, that is, it moves its position through the cable on the slope. Repeat the above operation to realize the mobile water-air silt reduction mode.

[0065] Assuming that the mass of the second gas tank 260 is much greater than the mass of other components at the bottom, ignoring the mass of components other than the water tank 270 and the second gas tank 260, the sinking and floating of the equipment are achieved by changing the deadweight of the water tank 270, and the formula obtained by force balance is as follows:

[0066] ; The left side of the equation is gravity, and the right side is buoyancy; represents the acceleration due to gravity;

[0067] The solution is: ;

[0068] Wherein V1 represents the volume of the first gas storage tank 120; V2 represents the volume of the water storage tank 270; represents the average density of the solid (i.e., the first gas storage tank 120 and the water storage tank 270), represents the density of water, Indicates the density of air, assuming 1m 3 The water tank 270 has a mass of 280 kg, specifications of inner diameter 800 mm, wall thickness 6 mm, and total height 2185 mm: air pressure 1.05 MPa; n represents a coefficient, when n is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, nV2 is the volume of water in the water tank 270, when n=0, the water tank 270 is empty, and when n=1, the water tank 270 is filled with water; =1000kg / m 3 , =1.29kg / m 3 , =280kg / m 3 ;

[0069] Further solution That is, if V1>1.4nV2, the device will float; if V1<1.4nV2, the device will sink.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mobile integrated silt reduction device combining water and air, characterized in that: include: A gas source (100), used for providing gas; A silt reduction device (200), connected to the gas source (100) and used for underwater silt reduction; A driving device, used for driving the silt reduction device (200) to move; The gas source (100) comprises: an air compressor (110) and a first gas storage tank (120) connected to the air compressor (110); The silt reduction device (200) comprises: A second gas storage tank (260) connected to the gas source (100); A water storage tank (270) connected to the gas source (100); A water outlet nozzle (9) connected to the water storage tank (270); and a gas outlet nozzle (8) connected to the second gas storage tank (260).

2. The water-gas combined mobile integrated silt reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device comprises: a hoist (310) connected to the silt reducing device (200), and a frequency converter connected to the hoist (310).

3. The water-gas combined mobile integrated silt reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second gas storage tank (260) is provided with a first pipeline (214) connected to the first gas storage tank (120) and a second gas storage tank exhaust port (224).

4. The water-gas combined mobile integrated silt reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage tank (270) is provided with a water storage tank air inlet (234) connected to the first air storage tank (120), and the water storage tank air inlet (234) is provided with a third solenoid valve (233).

5. The water-gas combined mobile integrated silt reduction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first pipeline (214) is provided with a first solenoid valve (213); The second gas storage tank exhaust port (224) is provided with a second solenoid valve (223).

6. The water-gas combined mobile integrated silt reduction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water storage tank (270) is connected to a water outlet nozzle (9) via a drainage pipe, and a plurality of water outlet nozzles (9) are arranged on the inner circle of the air exhaust; the drainage pipe is provided with a fourth solenoid valve (243); The second gas storage tank (260) is connected to the gas outlet nozzle (8) via a gas transmission pipeline (244), and a plurality of gas outlet nozzles (8) are arranged on the outer circle of the gas exhaust.

7. The water-gas combined mobile integrated silt reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second gas storage tank (260) and the water storage tank (270) are respectively connected to the support frame (220).

8. The water-gas combined mobile integrated silt reduction device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spray angles of the water outlet nozzle (9) and the air outlet nozzle (8) are 45° or 90°; and the diameters of the water outlet nozzle (9) and the air outlet nozzle (8) are in the range of 1 mm to 10 mm.

9. The water-gas combined mobile integrated silt reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage tank (270) has a capacity of 0.6 m 3 ; The peak pressure of the second gas storage tank (260) is 1.5 kg / m 3 .

10. A silt reduction method using the water-gas combined mobile integrated silt reduction device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The silt reduction device (200) moves to the area to be silted; The water storage tank (270) is filled with water. When the water is filled, the second solenoid valve (223) of the second gas storage tank (260) is opened, and the water storage tank (270) starts to be filled with water and sink. After the water in the water storage tank (270) fills the container, the second solenoid valve (223), the third solenoid valve (233), and the fourth solenoid valve (243) are closed. At this time, the silt reduction device (200) starts to sink due to its own gravity and falls on the silt. The first solenoid valve (213) is opened, and the second solenoid valve (223), the third solenoid valve (233), and the fourth solenoid valve (243) remain in a closed state. High-pressure gas is input into the second gas storage tank (260) through the air compressor (110) on the shore and the first gas storage tank (120). When the second gas storage tank (260) reaches the air pressure required for silting, the silt reduction device (200) is in a standby state. The first solenoid valve (213) is opened, and the high-pressure gas is released through the air outlet nozzle (8) to realize an air jet; the third solenoid valve (233), the first solenoid valve (213) and the first gas storage tank (120) are connected via a gas delivery hose, and the fourth solenoid valve (243) is opened, and water is ejected from the water outlet nozzle (9) to form a high-pressure water jet; after the water in the water storage tank (270) is completely discharged, the second gas storage tank (260) and the water storage tank (270) are both empty at this time, and the buoyancy generated is greater than the deadweight of the silt reduction device (200), and the silt reduction device (200) begins to float up, and moves to a different position via the winch (310), and the above operation is repeated; The control algorithm for the sinking or floating of the silt reduction device (200) comprises: assuming that the mass of the second gas storage tank (260) is greater than the mass of other components at the bottom, ignoring the mass of components other than the water storage tank (270) and the second gas storage tank (260), the silt reduction device (200) achieves sinking and floating by changing the deadweight of the water storage tank (270), and the following formula is obtained through force balance: ； The left side of the equation is gravity, and the right side is buoyancy; represents the acceleration due to gravity; The solution is: ； In the formula, represents the volume of the second gas storage tank (260); represents the volume of the water storage tank (270); represents the average density of the solid, represents the density of water, represents the density of air, 280kg / m 3 , assuming that the volume of the water storage tank (270) is 1m 3 , the mass is 280kg, the corresponding specifications are: inner diameter is 800mm, wall thickness is 6mm, height is 2185mm, and air pressure is 1.05MPa; Represents coefficient, 0≤ ≤1, is the volume of water in the water storage tank (270). = 0, the water tank (270) is empty. =1, the water storage tank (270) is filled with water; =1000kg / m 3 , =1.29kg / m 3 ; The solution is: ; At this time, if >1.4 , the silt reduction device (200) floats up; <1.4 , the silt reduction device (200) sinks.

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