Smooth blasting method for circularly detonating once before and after reserving smooth blasting layer
By reserving the light explosion layer to cycle one-time detonation, the problem of large detonator usage and insufficient blast compensation space in gloss blasting is solved, and a more economical and efficient blasting effect is achieved. By using digital electronic detonator in gloss blasting, the use of digital electronic detonator in gloss blasting is achieved. The light explosion layer is controlled while detonating, reducing costs and improving the blasting effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411267244.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
AI Technical Summary
In the gloss blasting technology, the existing methods consume a large amount of detonators and detonation cables, resulting in an increase in cost, and the blasting compensation space of the light blasting layer is insufficient, affecting the blasting effect.
The method of detonating the light explosion layer in front and back cycle is adopted. By dividing the circulation section into the main explosion zone and the light explosion layer, the first cycle only detonates the main explosion zone, and the rear cycle detonates the light explosion layer and the main explosion zone form the same explosion network, using digital Electronic detonator controls the detonation time, realizes the simultaneous detonation of the photo-explosion layer, and reduces the use of detonator.
It effectively reduces the use of gloss blasting detonators, improves the blasting effect, ensures sufficient blasting compensation space, significantly reduces costs, and improves the blasting effect of the light blasting layer.
Smart Images
Figure CN119245459A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rock and soil blasting, and in particular to a smooth surface blasting method for cyclically detonating a reserved smooth blasting layer before and after. Background Art
[0002] Smooth blasting technology is widely used in the field of rock engineering today. Smooth blasting is defined as arranging dense blastholes along the excavation boundary, using uncoupled charges or low-power explosives, and detonating after the main blasting area to form a flat contour surface. One of the main features of smooth blasting is the segmented and micro-difference blasting, which divides each cycle of excavation into the main blasting area and the smooth blasting layer. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the detonator section and delay time of the smooth blasting layer blasthole lag behind the main blasting area blasthole, so that it detonates after the main blasting area, obtains the necessary blasting compensation space, and achieves a good blasting effect. Secondly, smooth blasting blastholes generally use axial uncoupled charges, and explosive cartridges and detonating cords are made into spaced strings. Therefore, smooth blasting consumes more detonators and detonating cords than ordinary blasting, and the cost increases.
[0003] Currently, the commonly used detonating cord detonators have been replaced by digital electronic detonators. Digital electronic detonators are expensive, almost three times the price of detonating cord detonators. This change has caused a sharp increase in the cost of smooth blasting. Inventing a smooth blasting method that reduces the number of detonators used has important technical and economic value.
[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to study a smooth blasting method that can significantly reduce the number of smooth blasting detonators used to reduce costs and improve blasting effects, and to solve the above technical problems by detonating the reserved smooth blasting layer once before and after. Summary of the invention
[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in the background technology, in order to reduce the number of smooth blasting detonators used and improve the blasting effect, the present application provides a smooth blasting method that reserves a smooth blasting layer for detonation in a cycle before and after. Each excavation cycle section is divided into a main blasting area and a smooth blasting layer. All blast holes in the main blasting area, except for the hollow holes in the grooves, are loaded with digital electronic detonators to control the detonation time of the powder rolls in each blast hole. The blasting busbar detonates the digital electronic detonators to achieve micro-difference blasting. The dense blast holes arranged on the outer contour of the smooth blasting layer are loaded with spaced strings of powder rolls and detonating cords, and the detonating cords are detonated with a digital electronic detonator connected to the blasting busbar.
[0006] During the first cycle of excavation, only the main blasting area is detonated, and the smooth blasting layer is reserved; in subsequent excavation, the light blasting layer reserved in the previous cycle and the main blasting area blastholes in the next cycle are combined into the same detonation network, and the digital electronic detonator micro-difference time is set to achieve the simultaneous detonation of the light blasting layer blastholes and before the main blasting area. This smooth surface blasting method uses only one detonator to detonate all the blasting holes in the smooth blasting layer, and when the smooth blasting layer is detonated, there is an open surface below, so there is sufficient blasting compensation space, and the smooth surface blasting effect is better.
[0007] Based on the above technical purpose, the present invention provides a smooth surface blasting method for reserving a smooth blasting layer and cyclically detonating once, which comprises the following steps:
[0008] S1, according to the excavation direction, several cycle sections are divided, and each excavation cycle section is divided into the main blasting area and the smooth blasting layer;
[0009] S2, when excavating the first cycle section, only the main blasting area is detonated, leaving the smooth blasting layer;
[0010] S3, dense light explosion holes are arranged on the outer contour of the reserved light explosion layer;
[0011] S4, excavating the next cycle section, and forming the same blasting network with the light blasting holes of the light blasting layer reserved in the previous cycle in step S3 and the blasting holes of the main blasting area of the next cycle of subsequent excavation;
[0012] S5, the main blasting area of the next cycle is attached to the light blasting layer reserved in the previous cycle to achieve a single blast;
[0013] S6, looping through steps S3 to S5 until all sections are blasted.
[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S2, the main blasting area is detonated by means of segmented micro-difference blasting.
[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the specific process of step S2 is: except for the hollow holes in the main blasting area, all the main blasting holes are loaded with digital electronic detonators, and the blasting busbar detonates the digital electronic detonators to perform segmented micro-difference blasting.
[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the specific process of step S3 is: a spacer charge string made of a charge roll and a detonating cord is loaded into the light explosion hole, and the charge roll is detonated and transmitted by the detonating cord.
[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, all detonating cords are connected to a digital electronic detonator, and the digital electronic detonator is connected to a blasting busbar, and all the light explosion holes in the light explosion layer are set to be detonated simultaneously.
[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S4, the detonation time of the digital electronic detonator of the light explosion layer is not greater than the detonation time of the groove hole in the main explosion area.
[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S5, a segmented micro-difference blasting method is used to implement a single blasting.
[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S5, the blasting bus transmits an electric pulse signal, the digital electronic detonator differential time is set, the digital electronic detonator is detonated, and the main blasting area of the subsequent cycle and the light blasting layer reserved for the previous cycle are blasted once, so that the blast holes of the light blasting layer are detonated simultaneously and before the main blasting area.
[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0022] 1. The smooth surface blasting method provided by the present invention, which is to reserve the light blasting layer and detonate once before and after the cycle, divides each excavation cycle section into the main blasting area and the light blasting layer, detonates only the main blasting area in the first cycle of excavation, and reserves the light blasting layer. The light blasting layer reserved in the previous cycle and the main blasting area blastholes of the subsequent cycle of subsequent excavation form the same detonation network and detonate once. When the light blasting layer is blasted, there is an empty surface below, and the blasting compensation space is sufficient, so the blasting effect of the light blasting layer is better, which effectively overcomes the technical defects of the existing method that the main blasting area of the light blasting layer is detonated, and the blasting compensation space of the light blasting layer is insufficient, thereby affecting the blasting effect of the light blasting layer.
[0023] 2. The present invention provides a smooth surface blasting method for detonating a reserved smooth blasting layer in a cycle. The blast holes in the smooth blasting layer use the original detonating cord detonating coils and are detonated simultaneously. One detonator is used to fire all the detonating cords in the smooth blasting layer, which greatly reduces the use of detonators for smooth surface blasting. This effectively overcomes the technical defect in the existing smooth surface blasting method that all blast holes in the smooth blasting layer need to be loaded with digital electronic detonators, resulting in smooth surface blasting consuming more detonators and detonating cords than ordinary blasting, thereby significantly increasing the cost.
[0024] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings used in the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure for dividing the main blasting area and the smooth blasting layer of the smooth blasting provided by the present invention;
[0027] Figure 2AA cross-sectional view of the main blasting area and the smooth blasting layer of the smooth blasting method with one-time detonation before and after the reserved smooth blasting layer provided by the present invention;
[0028] Figure 3 A BB cross-sectional view of the main blasting area and the smooth blasting layer of the smooth blasting method with one-time detonation before and after the reserved smooth blasting layer provided by the present invention.
[0029] Description of reference numerals:
[0030] 1. Main blasting area; 2. Light blasting layer; 3. Main blasting hole; 4. Slot hole; 5. Light blasting hole; 6. Slot hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.
[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
[0033] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0034] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).
[0037] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.
[0038] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0039] In order to reduce the number of smooth blasting detonators used and improve the blasting effect, the present application provides a smooth blasting method for reserving a smooth blasting layer and cyclically detonating once, which comprises the following steps:
[0040] S1, according to the excavation direction, several cycle sections are divided, and each excavation cycle section is divided into the main blasting area and the smooth blasting layer;
[0041] S2, when excavating the first cycle section, only the main blasting area is detonated, leaving the smooth blasting layer;
[0042] S3, dense light explosion holes are arranged on the outer contour of the reserved light explosion layer;
[0043] S4, excavating the next cycle section, and forming the same blasting network with the light blasting holes of the light blasting layer reserved in the previous cycle in step S3 and the blasting holes of the main blasting area of the next cycle of subsequent excavation;
[0044] S5, the main blasting area of the next cycle is attached to the light blasting layer reserved in the previous cycle to achieve a single blast;
[0045] S6, looping through steps S3 to S5 until all sections are blasted.
[0046] Preferably, in step S2, the main blasting area is detonated by means of segmented micro-difference blasting.
[0047] Preferably, the specific process of step S2 is: except for the hollow holes in the main blasting area, all the main blasting holes are loaded with digital electronic detonators, and the blasting busbar detonates the digital electronic detonators to perform segmented micro-difference blasting.
[0048] Preferably, the specific process of step S3 is: loading a spacer charge string made of a charge roll and a detonating cord into the light explosion hole, and using the detonating cord to detonate the charge roll and transmit the explosion.
[0049] Preferably, all detonating cords are connected to a digital electronic detonator, and the digital electronic detonator is connected to a blasting busbar, and all the light explosion holes in the light explosion layer are set to be detonated simultaneously.
[0050] Preferably, in step S4, the detonation time of the digital electronic detonator in the light explosion layer is not greater than the detonation time of the groove hole in the main explosion area.
[0051] Preferably, in step S5, a segmented micro-difference blasting method is used to achieve a single blasting.
[0052] Preferably, in step S5, the blasting bus transmits an electric pulse signal, the digital electronic detonator differential time is set, the digital electronic detonator is detonated, and the main blasting area of the subsequent cycle and the light blasting layer reserved in the previous cycle are blasted at one time, so that the blast holes of the light blasting layer are detonated simultaneously and before the main blasting area.
[0053] Example 1
[0054] Please refer to 2 to Figure 3 Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a smooth surface blasting method for reserving a smooth blasting layer and cyclically initiating a blast once, and the specific implementation method thereof is as follows:
[0055] (1) According to the excavation direction, several circulation sections are divided, and each excavation circulation section is divided into the main blasting area 1 and the smooth blasting layer 2.
[0056] (2) When excavating the first cycle section, only the main blasting area 1 is detonated, and the smooth blasting layer 2 is reserved. The main blasting area 1 is detonated by a segmented micro-difference blasting method.
[0057] The specific process is: except for the slotted empty hole 4, all the main blasting holes 3 and the slotted holes 6 in the main blasting area 1 are equipped with digital electronic detonators to control the detonation time of the powder cartridges in each blast hole, and the blasting busbar detonates the digital electronic detonators for segmented micro-difference blasting.
[0058] (3) Densely arranged light explosion holes are arranged on the outer contour of the reserved light explosion layer 2, and spaced explosive strings made of explosive rolls and detonating cords are loaded. The explosive rolls are detonated and transmitted with the detonating cords. All detonating cords are connected to a digital electronic detonator, which is connected to the blasting busbar. All light explosion holes 5 in the light explosion layer 2 are set to be detonated simultaneously.
[0059] (4) During the excavation of the next cycle section, the light blasting layer 2 reserved in the previous cycle and the blast holes in the main blasting area 1 of the next cycle of subsequent excavation form the same detonation network, and the detonation time of the digital electronic detonator belonging to the light blasting layer 2 is set to be no greater than the detonation time of the groove hole 6 in the main blasting area 1.
[0060] (5) The blasting bus transmits an electric pulse signal, sets the micro-difference time of the digital electronic detonator, and the digital electronic detonator is detonated. The main blasting area 1 of the next cycle is blasted in the auxiliary light blasting layer 2 reserved in the previous cycle, so that the blast holes of the light blasting layer 2 are detonated simultaneously and before the main blasting area 1.
[0061] (6) Steps S3 to S5 are repeated repeatedly until all sections are blasted.
[0062] In summary, the present invention provides a smooth surface blasting method with one-time detonation before and after a reserved smooth blasting layer, which relates to the field of rock and soil blasting technology, and comprises the following steps: S1, dividing a number of cycle sections according to the excavation direction, and dividing each excavated cycle section into a main blasting area and a smooth blasting layer; S2, when excavating the first cycle section, only detonating the main blasting area and reserving the smooth blasting layer; S3, arranging dense smooth blasting holes on the outer contour of the reserved smooth blasting layer; S4, excavating the next cycle section, and forming the smooth blasting holes of the smooth blasting layer reserved in the previous cycle in step S3 and the blasting holes of the main blasting area of the next cycle of subsequent excavation into the same detonation network; S5, the main blasting area of the next cycle is attached to the smooth blasting layer reserved in the previous cycle to realize one blasting; S6, cyclically performing steps S3 to S5 until all the sections are blasted. The present invention divides each excavation cycle section into a main blasting area and a smooth blasting layer. In the first excavation cycle, only the main blasting area is detonated, and the smooth blasting layer is reserved. The light blasting layer reserved in the previous cycle and the main blasting area blasting holes of the subsequent excavation cycle form the same detonation network and are detonated once. When the smooth blasting layer is blasted, the lower part is an empty surface, and the blasting compensation space is sufficient. The blasting effect of the smooth blasting layer is better, which effectively overcomes the technical defects of the existing smooth surface blasting method, that is, all blasting holes in the smooth blasting layer need to be loaded with digital electronic detonators, resulting in smooth surface blasting consuming more detonators than ordinary blasting, and the cost is greatly increased. In addition, the blasting holes in the smooth blasting layer use the original detonating cord to detonate the explosive roll, and detonate at the same time, and use one detonator to strike all the detonating cords in the light blasting layer, which greatly reduces the use of detonators for smooth blasting, and effectively overcomes the technical defects of the existing smooth surface blasting method, that is, all blasting holes in the light blasting layer need to be loaded with digital electronic detonators, resulting in smooth surface blasting consuming more detonators and detonating cords than ordinary blasting, and the cost is greatly increased.
[0063] It should be noted that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments are only examples, and the embodiments having the same structure as the technical idea and exerting the same effect within the scope of the technical solution of the present application are all included in the technical scope of the present application. In addition, without departing from the scope of the main purpose of the present application, various modifications that can be thought of by those skilled in the art to the embodiments and other methods of combining some of the constituent elements in the embodiments are also included in the scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A smooth surface blasting method with a reserved smooth blasting layer and a one-time detonation cycle, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, according to the excavation direction, several cycle sections are divided, and each excavation cycle section is divided into the main blasting area and the smooth blasting layer; S2, when excavating the first cycle section, only the main blasting area is detonated, leaving the smooth blasting layer; S3, dense light explosion holes are arranged on the outer contour of the reserved light explosion layer; S4, excavating the next cycle section, and forming the same blasting network with the light blasting holes of the light blasting layer reserved in the previous cycle in step S3 and the blasting holes of the main blasting area of the next cycle of subsequent excavation; S5, the main blasting area of the next cycle is attached to the light blasting layer reserved in the previous cycle to achieve a single blast; S6, looping through steps S3 to S5 until all sections are blasted.
2. The smooth surface blasting method of claim 1 wherein the reserved smooth blasting layer is detonated once before and after the detonation cycle, characterized in that: In step S2, the main blasting area is detonated by means of segmented micro-difference blasting.
3. The smooth surface blasting method of claim 2 wherein the reserved smooth blasting layer is detonated once before and after the detonation cycle, characterized in that: The specific process of step S2 is: except for the hollow holes in the main blasting area, all the main blasting holes are loaded with digital electronic detonators, and the blasting busbar detonates the digital electronic detonators to perform segmented micro-difference blasting.
4. The smooth surface blasting method of claim 3 wherein the reserved smooth blasting layer is detonated once before and after the detonation cycle, characterized in that: The specific process of step S3 is: a spacer charge string made of a charge roll and a detonating cord is loaded into the smooth explosion hole, and the charge roll is detonated and transmitted by the detonating cord.
5. The smooth surface blasting method of claim 4 wherein the reserved smooth blasting layer is detonated once before and after the detonation cycle, characterized in that: All detonating cords are connected to a digital electronic detonator, and the digital electronic detonator is connected to the blasting busbar, and all the light-blasting holes in the light-blasting layer are set to be detonated simultaneously.
6. The smooth surface blasting method of claim 5, wherein the reserved smooth blasting layer is detonated once before and after the cycle, In step S4, the detonation time of the digital electronic detonator in the light explosion layer is not greater than the detonation time of the slot hole in the main explosion area.
7. The smooth surface blasting method of claim 1 wherein the reserved smooth blasting layer is detonated once before and after the detonation cycle, characterized in that: In step S5, a single blasting is performed using a segmented micro-difference blasting method.
8. The smooth surface blasting method of claim 7 wherein the reserved smooth blasting layer is detonated once before and after the detonation cycle, characterized in that: In step S5, the blasting bus transmits an electric pulse signal, sets the micro-difference time of the digital electronic detonator, and the digital electronic detonator is detonated. The main blasting area of the subsequent cycle and the light blasting layer reserved in the previous cycle are blasted at one time, so that the blast holes of the light blasting layer are detonated simultaneously and before the main blasting area.