A stable tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a stable tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device related to the technical field of tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring. It includes symmetrically distributed fixing plates, and a metal plate is fixedly connected by the symmetrically distributed fixing plates. The metal plate is rotatably connected with connecting rods that are centrosymmetrically distributed. The metal plate is fixedly connected with a sliding frame, and the sliding frame is slidably connected with symmetrically distributed rectangular sliders. The rectangular sliders are fixedly connected with angle sensors, and the input shaft of the angle sensor is fixedly connected with the adjacent connecting rod. The rectangular sliders are fixedly connected with L-shaped frames, and the sliding frame is fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed sliding rheostats. By means of the fixing plates, the present invention makes the metal plate fit the inner side of the tunnel surrounding rock to increase the area for monitoring the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock. When the surrounding rock of a certain area deforms, it squeezes the metal plate, and combines and records the numerical changes of the sliding rheostat and the angle sensor to realize the judgment of the position and deformation degree of the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring, and particularly relates to a stable tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel surrounding rock refers to the rock and soil within a certain range around the tunnel. During the construction of small cable tunnels, due to factors such as geological condition changes and groundwater, the tunnel surrounding rock may deform. The deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock will affect the stability and safety of the tunnel. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the deformation amount of the tunnel surrounding rock. Existing monitoring devices include convergence meters, multi-point displacement meters, etc. However, when using the existing convergence meters, it is necessary to mark the marking points and install fixing devices, which is a relatively cumbersome process. It cannot monitor a certain area in a timely manner, and it is not convenient to be placed at the monitoring location for a long time because it affects the movement of construction devices or other objects and hinders the subsequent construction process. Moreover, since the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock may occur in any area, but the existing convergence meters cannot monitor a large range of areas. When the position where the tunnel surrounding rock deforms is not within the monitoring range of the convergence meter, it is difficult to monitor the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock in a timely manner, affecting the safety of construction devices. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing monitoring devices that are not convenient for long-term monitoring and have a small monitoring range, the present invention provides a stable tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device.

[0004] Technical Solution: A stable tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device includes symmetrically distributed fixing plates. The symmetrically distributed fixing plates are jointly fixedly connected with a metal plate. The metal plate is rotatably connected with centrally symmetrically distributed connecting rods. The lower side of the middle part of the metal plate is fixedly connected with a sliding frame. The sliding frame is slidably connected with symmetrically distributed rectangular sliders. The rectangular sliders are fixedly connected with angle sensors. The input shaft of the angle sensor is fixedly connected with the adjacent connecting rod. The rectangular sliders are fixedly connected with L-shaped frames. The sliding frame is slidably connected with symmetrically distributed n-shaped frames. A spring is fixedly connected between the L-shaped frame and the adjacent n-shaped frame. The sliding frame is fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed sliding rheostats. The sliding contact of the sliding rheostat is fixedly connected with the adjacent n-shaped frame.

[0005] Further, the metal plate is composed of a vertical part and an arc part. The fixing plate is fixedly connected to the junction of the vertical part and the fixed part of the metal plate.

[0006] Further, several grooves are provided at the position where the arc part of the metal plate is close to the fixing plate.

[0007] Further, the vertical part of the metal plate is a rigid structure and has the ability to resist deformation.

[0008] Furthermore, the shape of the connecting rod is set as an arc, and the convex arc of the connecting rod faces the arc portion of the metal plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the elastic force of the spring is less than the frictional force for the sliding of the sliding piece of the sliding rheostat.

[0010] Furthermore, there are also two stabilizing components. The two stabilizing components are respectively arranged on the two vertical portions of the metal plate. The stabilizing components are used to make the vertical portions of the metal plate fit tightly with the inner wall of the tunnel surrounding rock. The stabilizing components include straight pipes. The straight pipes are fixedly connected to the adjacent vertical portions of the metal plate. The part where the straight pipes are fixedly connected to the adjacent vertical portions of the metal plate is made of a soft material. Through holes are arranged on the straight pipes. A number of support frames are fixedly connected to the straight pipes. A cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper side of the support frames. Two through holes are arranged on the cylinder. A first one-way valve is arranged in one of the through holes of the cylinder. The first one-way valve is communicated with the cavity inside the adjacent straight pipe through a pipeline. A sealing piece is hermetically connected to the inner cavity of the cylinder. A sphere that is in pressing fit with the sealing piece is placed in the inner cavity of the cylinder. A second one-way valve is arranged in the other through hole of the cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, the flow area of the through holes on the straight pipes is less than the sum of the flow areas of a number of adjacent first one-way valves.

[0012] Furthermore, the diameter of the sphere is less than the diameter of the inner cavity of the cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the sealing piece is made of an elastic material and bulges in the middle.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The present invention makes the metal plate fit with the inner side of the tunnel surrounding rock through the fixing plate to increase the area for monitoring the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock. When the tunnel surrounding rock in a certain area deforms, it squeezes the metal plate, and combines and records the numerical changes of the sliding rheostat and the angle sensor to realize the judgment of the position and degree of deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock. And through the buffering of the spring, it reduces the monitoring numerical fluctuations caused by the vibration of the tunnel surrounding rock due to external factors and the transmission of the vibration to the arc portion of the metal plate, ensuring the stable display of the monitoring numerical values.

[0015] 2. The present invention sets a number of grooves on the arc portion of the metal plate. When the arc portion of the metal plate deforms, it squeezes the number of grooves without squeezing the vertical portion of the metal plate, ensuring the unchanged position of the vertical portion and improving the accuracy of the monitoring numerical values.

[0016] 3. The present invention continuously inflates the straight pipes through the vibration of the tunnel to make the straight pipes expand and squeeze the vertical portions of the metal plate, avoiding the monitoring numerical fluctuations caused by the vibration of the vertical portions of the metal plate and ensuring the stability of the numerical changes monitored by the monitoring system. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the metal plate and the connecting rod of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the fixing plate of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the sliding frame and the angle sensor of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the spring and the n-shaped frame of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the support frame and the cylinder of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the plugging piece and the sphere of the present invention.

[0024] In the above drawings: 1: fixing plate, 2: metal plate, 3: connecting rod, 4: sliding frame, 5: rectangular slider, 6: angle sensor, 7: L-shaped frame, 8: spring, 9: n-shaped frame, 10: sliding rheostat, 1201: support frame, 1202: straight pipe, 1203: cylinder, 1204: first one-way valve, 1205: plugging piece, 1207: sphere, 1208: second one-way valve. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The illustrative embodiments and explanations of this invention are used to explain the present invention, but do not limit the present invention.

[0026] When the existing monitoring device monitors the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock, the steps before using the monitoring device are relatively complex and difficult to monitor in a timely manner, and it requires two-point horizontal fixation, which not only affects the passage of the construction device and hinders the construction process, but also cannot monitor a large area, resulting in the situation that the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock is not monitored in a timely manner, affecting the safety of the tunnel.

[0027] Embodiment 1: A stable tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device, as Figures 1-5As shown in the figure, it includes two fixed plates 1 symmetrically distributed on the left and right. The two fixed plates 1 symmetrically distributed on the left and right are jointly fixed with a metal plate 2. The length of the metal plate 2 is the area range for monitoring the surrounding rock of the tunnel. The metal plate 2 is composed of a vertical part and an arc part, and the vertical part is a rigid structure with the ability to resist deformation. It is used to prevent deformation when a local part of the vertical part is squeezed, and drive one end of the metal plate 2 to swing around the adjacent fixed plate 1. The fixed plate 1 is fixed at the junction of the vertical part and the arc part of the metal plate 2. The metal plate 2 is divided into three parts with the fixed plate 1 as the dividing point, reducing the influence on other parts when the metal plate is locally deformed. At the position where the arc part of the metal plate 2 is close to the fixed plate 1, there are several grooves, and several grooves are serrated. When the arc part above the metal plate 2 deforms, several serrated grooves are squeezed and contracted, avoiding the extrusion of the fixed plate 1 when the arc part of the metal plate 2 deforms, and ensuring the fixing degree of the fixed plate 1. The metal plate 2 is rotatably connected with two connecting rods 3 symmetrically distributed at the center. The shape of the connecting rod 3 is set as an arc, and the convex arc of the connecting rod 3 faces the arc part of the metal plate 2, reducing the influence of the connecting rod 3 on the tunnel passage space. The radian of the connecting rod 3 can be adjusted according to the actual use situation. A sliding frame 4 is fixed at the lower side of the middle part of the metal plate 2. The sliding frame 4 is in a vertically fixed state. The sliding frame 4 is provided with two rectangular sliding grooves symmetrically distributed in the front and back. A rectangular slider 5 is slidably connected in the rectangular sliding groove. Angle sensors 6 are fixed on the back sides of the two rectangular sliders 5. The angle sensors 6 are electrically connected to the external monitoring system. The input shaft of the angle sensor 6 is fixed to the adjacent connecting rod 3. The angle sensor 6 is used to detect the rotation angle of the upper end of the connecting rod 3. An L-shaped frame 7 is fixed on the upper side of the rectangular slider 5. Two n-shaped frames 9 symmetrically distributed in the front and back are slidably connected to the sliding frame 4. A spring 8 is fixed between the upper side surface of the L-shaped frame 7 and the adjacent n-shaped frame 9. Two sliding rheostats 10 symmetrically distributed in the front and back are fixed to the sliding frame 4. The sliding rheostat 10 is used to reflect the deformation degree of the surrounding rock of the tunnel through the sliding distance of its own slide plate. The sliding rheostat 10 is electrically connected to the external monitoring system, and the change value of the resistance connected to the sliding rheostat 10 in the circuit is displayed through the monitoring system. The slide plate of the sliding rheostat 10 is fixed to the adjacent n-shaped frame 9. The sliding distance of the n-shaped frame 9 along the sliding frame 4 is the slidable distance of the slide plate of the sliding rheostat 10. The elastic force of the spring 8 is less than the frictional force of the slide plate of the sliding rheostat 10 sliding, which is used to buffer vibration and avoid the sliding of the slide plate of the sliding rheostat 10 caused by vibration, ensuring the stable display of the monitoring value.

[0028] When it is necessary to monitor the surrounding rock of a certain section of the tunnel, the staff fix the metal plate 2 and its attached devices on the inner side of the surrounding rock of the tunnel to be monitored through the two fixed plates 1. Then, the angle sensors 6 and the sliding rheostats 10 are electrically connected to the external monitoring system. Finally, the external monitoring system is turned on to start monitoring the deformation of the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

[0029] When the surrounding rock of the tunnel deforms on both sides, taking the deformation of the left side of the tunnel surrounding rock as an example, a certain part on the left side of the tunnel surrounding rock deforms and moves to the right. The vertical part on the left side of the metal plate 2 is squeezed by the tunnel surrounding rock. Under the fixing action of the fixing plate 1, the vertical part on the left side of the metal plate 2 swings to the right with the fixing point of the left fixing plate 1 as the center. The right swing of the vertical part on the left side of the metal plate 2 drives the rotational connection between the adjacent connecting rod 3 and the metal plate 2 to swing to the right. The right swing of the rotational connection between the connecting rod 3 and the metal plate 2 causes the upper end of the connecting rod 3 to drive the input shaft of the angle sensor 6 to rotate counterclockwise and at the same time drive the angle sensor 6 to move upward. The counterclockwise rotation of the input shaft of the angle sensor 6 enables the angle sensor 6 to detect the change in the angle and transmit the change in the angle to the external monitoring system. The upward movement of the angle sensor 6 drives the adjacent rectangular slider 5 to slide upward. The upward sliding of the rectangular slider 5 drives the adjacent L-shaped frame 7 to slide upward. The upward sliding of the L-shaped frame 7 squeezes the adjacent spring 8, and the spring 8 is compressed under the squeeze. After the spring 8 is compressed to the limit, the L-shaped frame 7 drives the adjacent n-shaped frame 9 to slide upward. The upward sliding of the n-shaped frame 9 drives the slider of the adjacent rheostat 10 to slide upward. The upward sliding of the slider of the rheostat 10 changes the resistance of the rheostat 10, causing the monitoring value on the external monitoring system to change.

[0030] When the surrounding rock of the tunnel deforms on the right side, the swinging direction of the right connecting rod 3 and the rotational direction of the input shaft of the rear angle sensor 6 are opposite to the swinging direction of the left connecting rod 3 and the input shaft direction of the front angle sensor 6 above, and the other actions are the same as above.

[0031] When the surrounding rock in the middle of the upper side deforms and moves downward, the surrounding rock of the tunnel squeezes the middle part on the upper side of the arc part of the metal plate 2, causing the arc part of the metal plate 2 to deform and move downward. The downward movement of the middle part of the metal plate 2 on the upper side drives the sliding frame 4 to move downward. At the same time, several grooves on the metal plate 2 are squeezed and deformed. The downward movement of the sliding frame 4 drives the two symmetrically distributed rheostats 10 to move downward. The downward movement of the rheostat 10 drives the slider on it to move downward. The downward movement of the slider of the rheostat 10 drives the adjacent n-shaped frame 9 to move downward. At the same time, the two connecting rods 3 remain stationary under the drive of the metal plates 2 on both sides. The stillness of the two connecting rods 3 keeps the two rectangular sliders 5, the two angle sensors 6 and the adjacent L-shaped frames 7 stationary. The spring 8 is compressed under the relative displacement between the adjacent L-shaped frame 7 and the adjacent n-shaped frame 9. When the spring 8 is compressed to the limit, the rheostat 10 continues to move downward. The slider of the rheostat 10 remains stationary under the drive of the adjacent L-shaped frame 7 and the adjacent compressed spring 8. The stillness of the slider of the rheostat 10 causes it to slide relative to the rheostat 10, changing the resistance of the rheostat 10 and causing the monitoring value on the external monitoring system to change.

[0032] When deformation occurs in the upper left part of the tunnel surrounding rock, the upper left part of the arc-shaped portion of the metal plate 2 is squeezed by the tunnel surrounding rock and deforms and moves downward to the right. The upper left part of the arc-shaped portion of the metal plate 2 moving downward to the right drives the sliding frame 4 to swing to the right. The connections of the two connecting rods 3 to the metal plate 2 remain stationary. The two connecting rods 3 respectively drive the input shafts of the adjacent angle sensors 6 to rotate. At the same time, the two connecting rods 3 respectively drive the rectangular sliders 5 to slide relative to each other within the sliding frame 4 through the adjacent angle sensors 6. The left connecting rod 3 controls the adjacent rectangular slider 5 to slide upward relative to the sliding frame 4, and the right connecting rod 3 drives the rectangular slider 5 to slide downward relative to the sliding frame 4. The sliding of the rectangular sliders 5 respectively drives the adjacent L-shaped frames 7 to slide. The two L-shaped frames 7 respectively drive the n-shaped frame 9 to slide through the adjacent springs 8. The sliding of the n-shaped frame 9 drives the sliding of the sliding piece of the adjacent sliding rheostat 10, thereby changing the resistance of the sliding rheostat 10 and causing the monitoring value on the external monitoring system to change.

[0033] When deformation occurs in the upper right part of the tunnel surrounding rock, the above actions are repeated, but the swinging direction of the sliding frame 4, the rotating directions of the two connecting rods 3 and the sliding directions of the two rectangular sliders 5 are opposite to those above.

[0034] When the monitoring is completed, it is necessary to release the fixation between the two fixing plates 1 and the tunnel surrounding rock, remove the metal plate 2 and its attached devices thereon, and complete the recycling of this device.

[0035] During the construction process of the tunnel, construction devices will pass by one after another. When the construction device passes through the position to be monitored, it causes vibration of the tunnel bottom surface, which in turn causes vibration of the vertical part of the metal plate closest to the bottom surface. The vibration of the vertical part of the metal plate is transmitted to the connecting rod, resulting in fluctuations in the monitored value and affecting the judgment of the monitoring value.

[0036] Embodiment 2: On the basis of Embodiment 1, as Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown in the figure, there are also two stabilizing components, which are respectively arranged on the two vertical parts of the metal plate 2. The stabilizing components are used to make the vertical parts of the metal plate 2 fit tightly with the inner wall of the tunnel surrounding rock. The stabilizing components include a straight pipe 1202, and the straight pipe 1202 is fixedly connected to the adjacent vertical parts of the metal plate 2. The part where the straight pipe 1202 is fixedly connected to the adjacent vertical parts of the metal plate 2 is made of a soft material, which is used to reduce the amount of inflated gas required for the expansion of the straight pipe 1202 and squeeze the adjacent vertical parts of the metal plate 2 after inflation, so that the two vertical parts of the metal plate 2 move away from each other, reducing the vibration amplitude of the vertical parts of the metal plate 2. A through hole is arranged in the middle of the straight pipe 1202, and several support frames 1201 are fixedly connected to the straight pipe 1202. In the present invention, the several support frames 1201 are two symmetrically distributed front and back. A cylinder 1203 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the support frame 1201. Two through holes are arranged in the cylinder 1203. A first one-way valve 1204 is arranged in one of the through holes of the cylinder 1203. The first one-way valve 1204 is communicated with the inner cavity of the adjacent straight pipe 1202 through a pipeline. The flow direction of the first one-way valve 1204 is from the inner cavity of the adjacent cylinder 1203 to the inner cavity of the adjacent straight pipe 1202. A sealing piece 1205 is hermetically connected to the inner cavity of the cylinder 1203. The sealing piece 1205 and the inner cavity of the adjacent cylinder 1203 form a sealed cavity. The positions of the two through holes of the cylinder 1203 are located below the adjacent sealing piece 1205. A sphere 1207 that is in extrusion fit with the sealing piece 1205 is placed in the inner cavity of the cylinder 1203. The height of the cylinder 1203 can be adjusted according to the mutual moving distance between the sphere 1207 and the adjacent cylinder 1203 during vibration to ensure that the sphere 1207 will not fall off from the inner cavity of the adjacent cylinder 1203. The sphere 1207 is located above the adjacent sealing piece 1205. The sealing piece 1205 is made of an elastic material and is convex in the middle, which is used to make the sphere 1207 extrude the convex part in the middle of the adjacent sealing piece 1205, changing the volume of the sealed cavity formed by the sealing piece 1205 and the inner cavity of the adjacent cylinder 1203. The diameter of the sphere 1207 is smaller than the diameter of the inner cavity of the cylinder 1203, which is used to ensure that the sphere 1207 moves up and down in the inner cavity of the adjacent cylinder 1203 without being stuck. A second one-way valve 1208 is arranged in the other through hole of the cylinder 1203. The flow direction of the second one-way valve 1208 is from the outside of the adjacent cylinder 1203 to the inner cavity of the adjacent cylinder 1203. The flow area of the second one-way valve 1208 is larger than the flow area of the first one-way valve 1204. The flow area of the through hole on the straight pipe 1202 is smaller than the sum of the flow areas of the adjacent symmetrically distributed first one-way valves 1204.

[0037] When the area to be monitored passes through a construction device or other object, it will trigger the vibration of this area. Taking the movement of a support frame 1201 as an example, at this time, the bottom of the tunnel surrounding rock drives the support frame 1201 to vibrate and move up and down. When the support frame 1201 moves upward, it drives the adjacent cylinder 1203 to move upward. The upward movement of the cylinder 1203 drives the plugging piece 1205 inside it to move upward. The upward movement of the plugging piece 1205 contacts the adjacent sphere 1207. The sphere 1207 squeezes the plugging piece 1205, causing the convex part in the middle of the plugging piece 1205 to deform, reducing the volume of the sealed cavity on the lower side of the plugging piece 1205. The gas in the cavity volume decreases and passes through the first one-way valve 1204 and the pipeline into the cavity in the straight pipe 1202, and flows out through the through holes of the straight pipe 1202 itself. However, the amount of gas entering the cavity in the straight pipe 1202 is greater than the amount of gas flowing out through the through holes of the straight pipe 1202 itself, causing the straight pipe 1202 to inflate and expand, squeezing one end adjacent to the metal plate 2 to reduce the vibration amplitude of the metal plate 2.

[0038] When the support frame 1201 moves downward, it drives the adjacent cylinder 1203 to move downward. The downward movement of the cylinder 1203 drives the plugging piece 1205 inside it to move downward. The downward movement of the plugging piece 1205 relieves the extrusion with the adjacent sphere 1207. The plugging piece 1205 returns to the state of convexity in the middle under the action of its own elastic restoring force. At the same time, gas enters the sealed cavity below the plugging piece 1205 through the second one-way valve 1208, completing the reset of the stabilizing component. After the vibration of this area stops, there is no gas entering the cavity in the straight pipe 1202 and the gas flows out through its own through holes, completing the reset of the straight pipe 1202, avoiding the vibration of the vertical part of the metal plate 2 causing fluctuations in the monitored values, and making the monitored values more stable and easier to detect changes in the values.

[0039] The above embodiments are provided for those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or changes to the above embodiments without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments.

Claims

1. A stable tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device, characterized by: The invention comprises symmetrically distributed fixing plates (1), the symmetrically distributed fixing plates (1) are fixedly connected to a metal plate (2), the metal plate (2) is rotatably connected to a connecting rod (3) distributed symmetrically at the center, a sliding frame (4) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the middle of the metal plate (2), the sliding frame (4) is provided with two rectangular sliding grooves distributed symmetrically in front and back, a rectangular sliding block (5) is slidably connected in the rectangular sliding groove, and an angle sensor (6) is fixedly connected to the back side of the two rectangular sliding blocks (5), the angle sensor (6) is electrically connected to an external monitoring system, and the angle sensor (6) ) is fixedly connected to the adjacent connecting rod (3), the angle sensor (6) is used to detect the rotation angle of the upper end of the connecting rod (3), the upper side of the rectangular slider (5) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped frame (7), the sliding frame (4) is slidably connected to two n-shaped frames (9) symmetrically distributed front and back, a spring (8) is fixedly connected between the upper side of the L-shaped frame (7) and the adjacent n-shaped frame (9), the sliding frame (4) is fixedly connected to two sliding rheostats (10) symmetrically distributed front and back, and the sliding sheet of the sliding rheostat (10) is fixedly connected to the adjacent n-shaped frame (9); The metal plate (2) is composed of two vertical portions and one arc-shaped portion, and the fixing plate (1) is fixedly connected to the junction of the vertical portion and the arc-shaped portion of the metal plate (2); A plurality of grooves are provided on the arc-shaped portion of the metal plate (2) near the fixing plate (1); The shape of the connecting rod (3) is set to be an arc, the convex arc of the connecting rod (3) faces the arc-shaped portion of the metal plate (2), and the rotation connection between the connecting rod (3) and the metal plate (2) is located on the vertical portion of the metal plate (2).

2. The stable tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vertical portion of the metal plate (2) is a rigid structure and has the ability to resist deformation.

3. The stable tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The elastic force of the spring (8) is smaller than the friction force of the sliding piece of the sliding rheostat (10).

4. The stable tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The invention also comprises two stabilizing components, the two stabilizing components are respectively arranged on the two vertical parts of the metal plate (2), the stabilizing components are used to make the vertical parts of the metal plate (2) closely fit with the inner wall of the tunnel surrounding rock, the stabilizing components comprise a straight tube (1202), the straight tube (1202) is fixedly connected to the adjacent vertical parts of the metal plate (2), the part of the straight tube (1202) fixed to the adjacent vertical parts of the metal plate (2) is made of a soft material, the straight tube (1202) is provided with a through hole, the straight tube (1202) is fixedly connected to a plurality of support frames (1201), the support frames (1201) ) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the cylinder (1203), the cylinder (1203) being provided with two through holes, a first one-way valve (1204) being provided in one of the through holes of the cylinder (1203), the first one-way valve (1204) being connected to the cavity inside the adjacent straight tube (1202) through a pipeline, a blocking piece (1205) being sealingly connected to the inner cavity of the cylinder (1203), a ball (1207) being placed in the inner cavity of the cylinder (1203) to be pressed and matched with the blocking piece (1205), and a second one-way valve (1208) being provided in the other through hole of the cylinder (1203); The flow direction of the first one-way valve (1204) is from the inner cavity of the adjacent cylinder (1203) to the inner cavity of the adjacent straight tube (1202), and the flow direction of the second one-way valve (1208) is from the outer side of the adjacent cylinder (1203) to the inner cavity of the adjacent cylinder (1203).

5. The stable tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The flow area of ​​the through hole on the straight tube (1202) is smaller than the sum of the flow areas of a plurality of adjacent first one-way valves (1204).

6. The stable tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The diameter of the sphere (1207) is smaller than the diameter of the inner cavity of the cylinder (1203).

7. The stable tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device according to claim 4 is characterized by: The blocking piece (1205) is made of elastic material and has a raised middle portion.

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