Soil body in-situ shear parameter testing system and method
By opening drill holes in the soil and using a combination device of support rods, pressurized parts and test plates for in-situ testing, the problems of unreal strength and layered soil error in the cross plate shear test are solved, and the soil is realized Accurate and convenient acquisition of body strength parameters, suitable for various venues.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411544420.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
AI Technical Summary
When the existing cross plate shear strength is obtained, the cylindrical side and top surface of the cross plate are damaged differently, resulting in unreal strength, and there is a large error in the acquisition of stratified soil parameters, which is restricted by the site. , strong limitations.
Design a soil in situ shear parameter testing system, by opening drill holes in the soil at the test point, using a combination of support rods, pressure parts and test plates for in situ testing, and using displacement sensors and pressure sensors in real time Detect displacement and pressure values until the hole wall is sheared, obtain soil strength parameters, and repeat the test at different hole depths to ensure the accuracy and convenience of the test results.
It realizes accurate acquisition of soil strength parameters, reduces interference factors, is convenient to operate, is not restricted by site, avoids errors in stratified soil testing, and improves testing efficiency and flexibility.
Smart Images
Figure CN119246276A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil strength parameter measurement, and in particular to a soil in-situ shear parameter testing system and method. Background Art
[0002] There are many ways to obtain soil strength parameters, including large-scale in-situ shear tests and indoor shear tests. Among them, the in-situ shear test is mainly based on the cross-plate shear test. The cross-plate shear test is to press the cross-plate head into the soft soil at the bottom of the hole through the drilled hole, rotate the cross-plate head at a uniform speed, and measure the torque required for its rotation through a certain measurement system until the soil is destroyed, thereby calculating the shear strength of the soil.
[0003] However, in the related art, when using the cross-plate shear test to obtain parameters, the destruction of the cylindrical side and top surfaces of the cross-plate is not simultaneous, so the obtained strength is not the true peak value and cannot truly reflect the shear strength of the soil. At the same time, the cross-plate shear test has three shear surfaces: upper shear surface, side shear surface and lower shear surface. Therefore, there is a large error in the acquisition of parameters for layered soil. In addition, the test is difficult to carry out during the construction and operation period of the project due to site restrictions and has strong limitations. Summary of the invention
[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.
[0005] To this end, an embodiment of one aspect of the present invention proposes an in-situ shear parameter testing system for soil, which can carry out in-situ testing on the soil at the test point, ensuring the accuracy of the test results, with few interference factors and convenient operation.
[0006] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for testing in-situ shear parameters of soil.
[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a soil in-situ shear parameter testing system includes a borehole to be tested and a testing device, wherein the borehole to be tested is arranged in the soil at a testing point; at least a part of the testing device is slidably matched with the borehole to be tested along the extension direction of the borehole to be tested; the testing device includes a support rod, a pressure member and a testing plate, the support rod is provided with the pressure member and is provided with a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor, the testing plate is connected to the free end of the pressure member and has an idle position spaced from the hole wall of the borehole to be tested and a testing position pressed against the hole wall of the borehole to be tested, the pressure member can push and pull the test plate to extend and retract relative to the support rod so that the test plate switches between the testing position and the idle position, and the pressure member is suitable for applying pressure to the hole wall of the borehole to be tested by the test plate at the testing position to form a destructive pressure on the soil; the displacement sensor is used to detect the displacement of the test plate relative to the support rod, and the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the pressure member acting on the test plate.
[0008] According to the in-situ shear parameter testing system of the soil body of the embodiment of the present invention, a borehole is opened in the soil body at the test point, so that the testing device can be directly lowered into the borehole to perform in-situ testing on the soil body. During the testing process, the pressure member can push the test plate to press against the hole wall of the tested borehole until the hole wall is sheared and damaged. At the same time, the displacement sensor detects the displacement of the test plate relative to the support rod in real time, and the pressure sensor detects the pressure value of the pressure member acting on the test plate in real time, so as to obtain the soil strength parameters of the tested borehole according to the displacement and the pressure value. After completing the soil test of the tested borehole at a set depth, the pressure member pulls the test plate back, adjusts the lowering depth of the testing device in the tested borehole, and obtains the soil strength parameters of the tested borehole at different hole depths. Therefore, compared with the related art, the present invention does not require sampling, the selection of test points is intuitive, and is not limited by the site. In-situ testing can be directly carried out on the soil body of the test point, which can ensure the accuracy of the test results, has few interference factors, and is easy to operate.
[0009] In some embodiments, the test plate has one.
[0010] In some embodiments, there are multiple test plates, and the multiple test plates include at least one row of test plates arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tested borehole, and each row of the test plates includes at least two test plates arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tested borehole.
[0011] In some embodiments, there are multiple test boards and multiple pressure-applying members, and the pressure-applying members correspond to the test boards one by one, or each row of the test boards corresponds to one pressure-applying member.
[0012] In some embodiments, the pressure member is one of a pneumatic jack, an oil hydraulic jack and a hydraulic jack.
[0013] In some embodiments, on a projection plane perpendicular to the extension and retraction direction of the test plate, a cross-sectional area of the test plate is not less than a cross-sectional area of a free end of the pressure member.
[0014] In some embodiments, the test plate is one of an aluminum sheet and a stainless steel sheet.
[0015] In some embodiments, the test plate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other along its thickness direction, the second surface of the test plate is closer to the wall of the borehole to be tested than the first surface, the first surface of the test plate is connected to the free end of the pressure-applying member, and at least a portion of the second surface of the test plate is suitable for contacting the wall of the borehole to be tested at the test position.
[0016] In some embodiments, the soil in-situ shear parameter testing system further includes a display, which is electrically connected to both the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor, and is used to display and record detection data of the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor.
[0017] In some embodiments, the support rod is a hollow structure; the soil in-situ shear parameter testing system also includes a cable and a power transmission line, the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are electrically connected to the display through the cable, the pressure piece is connected to an external power source through the power transmission line, and the cable and the power transmission line are both located in the hollow cavity of the support rod.
[0018] A soil in-situ shear parameter testing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, based on the soil in-situ shear parameter testing system described in any of the above embodiments, comprises the following steps:
[0019] Preparation: drilling a hole in the soil at the test point to obtain a tested borehole, and lowering the test device to a first set depth of the tested borehole;
[0020] Positioning, the pressure-applying member of the testing device pushes the testing plate to move toward the wall of the tested borehole, so that the testing plate is pressed against the wall of the tested borehole;
[0021] The pressure member pushes the test plate to continue to move toward the wall of the tested borehole, and obtains the displacement and pressure value of the test plate according to the detection information fed back by the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor of the test device until the wall of the tested borehole is sheared and damaged;
[0022] Calculate, calculate the soil strength parameters of the measured borehole, and obtain a relationship diagram between the soil strength parameters and the displacement.
[0023] The technical advantages of the soil in-situ shear parameter testing method according to the embodiment of the present invention are the same as the technical advantages of the soil in-situ shear parameter testing system described above, which will not be repeated here.
[0024] In some embodiments, after the step of calculating, the method further comprises:
[0025] Reset, the pressure member pulls the test board to switch from the test position to the idle position.
[0026] In some embodiments, after the resetting step, the method further comprises:
[0027] Shifting, so that the testing device moves to a second set depth in the tested borehole;
[0028] The positioning, testing, calculating, resetting and shifting operations are repeated to obtain soil strength parameters of the tested borehole at different hole depths.
[0029] In some embodiments, the soil strength parameter includes soil shear stress, and the soil shear stress is calculated by the following formula:
[0030]
[0031] Wherein, σ is the soil shear stress of the measured borehole, P is the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor, and A is the contact area between the test plate and the wall of the measured borehole.
[0032] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0033] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a soil in-situ shear parameter testing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0034] Figure 2 The present invention is a block diagram of the control relationship among a display, a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor in a soil in-situ shear parameter testing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for testing in-situ shear parameters of soil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for testing in-situ shear parameters of soil according to another embodiment of the present invention.
[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for testing in-situ shear parameters of soil according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
[0038] Figure numerals: 1. tested borehole, 2. testing device, 21. support rod, 22. pressure member, 23. testing plate, 3. displacement sensor, 4. pressure sensor, 5. display. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0039] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, a soil in-situ shear parameter testing system according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a borehole 1 to be tested and a testing device 2. The borehole 1 to be tested is arranged in the soil at the testing point. At least a portion of the testing device 2 can be slidably matched with the borehole 1 to be tested along the extension direction of the borehole 1 to be tested. The testing device 2 comprises a support rod 21, a pressure member 22 and a testing plate 23. The pressure member 22 is installed on the support rod 21 and is provided with a displacement sensor 3 and a pressure sensor 4. The testing plate 23 is connected to the free end of the pressure member 22 and has a contact with the borehole 1 to be tested. The pressure member 22 can push and pull the test plate 23 to extend and retract relative to the support rod 21, so that the test plate 23 can switch between the test position and the idle position, and the pressure member 22 is suitable for applying pressure to the wall of the borehole 1 to be tested by the test plate 23 at the test position to form a destructive pressure on the soil; the displacement sensor 3 is used to detect the displacement of the test plate 23 relative to the support rod 21, and the pressure sensor 4 is used to detect the pressure of the pressure member 22 on the test plate 23.
[0041] It can be understood that, according to the in-situ shear parameter testing system of the soil body according to the embodiment of the present invention, by opening a borehole in the soil body at the test point, the testing device 2 can be directly lowered into the borehole to perform in-situ testing on the soil body. During the testing process, the pressure member 22 can push the test plate 23 to press against the hole wall of the tested borehole 1 until the hole wall is sheared and damaged. At the same time, the displacement sensor 3 detects the displacement of the test plate 23 relative to the support rod 21 in real time, and the pressure sensor 4 detects the pressure value of the pressure member 22 on the test plate 23 in real time, so as to facilitate the determination of the pressure value according to the test result. The displacement and pressure values are used to obtain the soil strength parameters of the tested borehole 1. After completing the soil test of the tested borehole 1 at the set depth, the pressure piece 22 pulls the test plate 23 back, adjusts the lowering depth of the test device 2 in the tested borehole 1, and obtains the soil strength parameters of the tested borehole 1 at different hole depths. Therefore, compared with the related art, the present invention does not require sampling, and the selection of test points is intuitive and not restricted by the site. It can directly carry out in-situ testing on the soil at the test point, which can ensure the accuracy of the test results, has few interference factors, and is easy to operate.
[0042] Specifically, the extension direction of the measured borehole 1 may be the up-down direction in the figure. The aperture of the measured borehole 1 may not be limited to a conventional 110 cm borehole. The pressure member 22 may push and pull the test plate 23 to extend and retract relative to the support rod 21 along a first direction, and the first direction may be the radial direction of the measured borehole 1. The pressure member 22 may not be limited to being rigidly connected to the support rod 21. The test plate 23 may not be limited to being rigidly connected to the pressure member 22.
[0043] It should be noted that, since the test device 2 in the present invention can obtain the soil strength parameters of the tested borehole 1 at different hole depths by adjusting the lowering depth in the tested borehole 1, for the test of layered soil, the test system of the present invention can adjust the position of the test device 2 in the tested borehole 1 to achieve layer-by-layer testing of the layered soil, effectively avoiding the error problem existing in the existing cross-plate shear test method when conducting layered soil testing, and ensuring the accuracy of the test results.
[0044] In some embodiments, the test plate 23 has a (not shown in the figure) so that the pressure-applying member 22 can apply a destructive pressure to the hole wall of the tested borehole 1 through the test plate 23 .
[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, there are multiple test plates 23, and the multiple test plates 23 include at least one row of test plates 23 arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tested borehole 1, and each row of test plates 23 includes at least two test plates 23 arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tested borehole 1.
[0046] It can be understood that the structural design of multiple test plates 23 enables the system to ensure the reliability of test results by analyzing multiple groups of test data. At the same time, when multiple rows of test plates 23 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tested borehole 1, a one-time test of soil strength parameters at different depths of the tested borehole 1 can be achieved, which further improves the test efficiency and expands the flexibility of use of the system.
[0047] Specifically, there may be four test plates 23, and the four test plates 23 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tested borehole 1 to form a row of test plates 23 (that is, the four test plates 23 are arranged at intervals at the same horizontal position). The four test plates 23 can carry out tests within different or same pressure levels at four positions in the tested borehole 1, thereby conveniently obtaining soil strength parameters.
[0048] Preferably, four test plates 23 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the tested borehole 1 .
[0049] like Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, there are multiple test boards 23 and multiple pressure members 22, and the pressure members 22 correspond to the test boards 23 one by one, so as to achieve independent pressure on each test board 23, so that when one of the pressure members 22 is damaged and cannot work, other pressure members 22 can cooperate with the test board 23 to ensure the smooth progress of the test process. Alternatively, each row of test boards 23 corresponds to one pressure member 22.
[0050] Specifically, there are multiple displacement sensors 3 and pressure sensors 4, and the multiple displacement sensors 3, multiple pressure sensors 4 and multiple pressure members 22 correspond one to one to achieve independent detection of the displacement of each test plate 23 relative to the support rod 21 and the pressure acting thereon.
[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the pressure member 22 is one of a pneumatic jack, an oil hydraulic jack and a hydraulic jack.
[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, on the projection surface perpendicular to the extension and retraction direction of the test plate 23, the cross-sectional area of the test plate 23 is not less than the cross-sectional area of the free end of the pressure piece 22, so as to ensure that only the test plate 23 is in contact with the hole wall of the tested borehole 1 during the test, thereby avoiding interference of the free end of the pressure piece 22 with the test process and simplifying the calculation process of the soil strength parameters.
[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the test plate 23 is one of an aluminum sheet and a stainless steel sheet.
[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the test plate 23 has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other along its thickness direction, the second surface of the test plate 23 is closer to the hole wall of the tested borehole 1 than the first surface, the first surface of the test plate 23 is connected to the free end of the pressure member 22, and at least a portion of the second surface of the test plate 23 is suitable for contacting the hole wall of the tested borehole 1 in the test position.
[0055] Specifically, the thickness direction of the test plate 23 may be consistent with the expansion and contraction direction of the pressure member 22. The second surface of the test plate 23 may not be limited to a flat surface or a curved surface. In order to further simplify the calculation process of the soil strength parameters and quickly obtain the corresponding data information, it is preferred that the second surface of the test plate 23 is in full contact with the hole wall of the tested borehole 1.
[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the soil in-situ shear parameter testing system also includes a display 5, which is electrically connected to the displacement sensor 3 and the pressure sensor 4. The display 5 is used to display and record the detection data of the displacement sensor 3 and the pressure sensor 4, so as to facilitate the operator to intuitively obtain the displacement and pressure values, thereby improving the testing efficiency of the testing system.
[0057] Specifically, in order to further optimize the automation performance of the test system, the display 5 can also have a data calculation module, that is, the data calculation module can directly calculate the soil shear stress, etc. according to the detection data fed back by the displacement sensor 3 and the pressure sensor 4, and the contact area between the test plate 23 and the wall of the tested borehole 1.
[0058] For example, the display 5 can be a controller with a display screen, and the controller can also simultaneously control the working conditions of the displacement sensor 3 and the pressure sensor 4. In addition, the specific working principles of the display 5, the displacement sensor 3, the pressure sensor 4 and the data calculation module can adopt the existing technology in the field, which will not be expanded here.
[0059] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the support rod 21 is a hollow structure; the soil in-situ shear parameter testing system also includes cables and power transmission lines, the displacement sensor 3 and the pressure sensor 4 are electrically connected to the display 5 through cables, and the pressure member 22 is connected to the external power source through the power transmission line, and the cables and the power transmission line are both located in the hollow cavity of the support rod 21.
[0060] It can be understood that the support rod 21 is designed as a hollow structure, which not only allows the cables and power transmission lines to be accommodated in the hollow cavity to avoid the interference of messy wiring harnesses on on-site testing work, but also reduces the overall weight of the test device 2, making it easy to carry, and further optimizes the structural performance of the test device 2.
[0061] It should be noted that soil strength parameters are important indicators for foundation strength evaluation and are important data support for building foundation and foundation design. The soil in-situ shear parameter testing system of the present invention has the following advantages:
[0062] 1) The overall system structure is simple and is not limited by the site conditions of the test point. The test device 2 is easy to carry and replace and can be assembled before application;
[0063] 2) The on-site data point test time is short. The displacement and pressure value of the test plate 23 can be obtained through the on-site displacement sensor 3 and the pressure sensor 4. The soil shear stress can be calculated based on the displacement, pressure value, and the contact area between the test plate 23 and the hole wall of the tested borehole 1. The calculation is simple and efficient. Compared with the general indoor shear test in the prior art, which takes at least one week to obtain the test results, the test data of the present invention is intuitive to obtain and can be used on-site;
[0064] 3) The jack pressure provides stability, ensuring the reliability of the test data;
[0065] 4) It has strong applicability, and data acquisition is intuitive without the need for additional manpower, thus reducing engineering investment, equipment and personnel pressure.
[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, a soil in-situ shear parameter testing method according to an embodiment of the present invention is based on a soil in-situ shear parameter testing system according to any of the above embodiments, and comprises the following steps:
[0067] Step S1, preparation, drilling a hole in the soil at the test point to obtain a tested borehole 1, and lowering a test device 2 to a first set depth of the tested borehole 1;
[0068] Step S2, positioning, the pressure member 22 of the testing device 2 pushes the testing plate 23 to move toward the hole wall of the tested borehole 1, so that the testing plate 23 is pressed against the hole wall of the tested borehole 1, that is, the testing plate 23 is in contact with the hole wall of the tested borehole 1;
[0069] Step S3, testing, the pressure member 22 pushes the test plate 23 to continue to move toward the hole wall direction of the tested borehole 1, obtains the displacement and pressure value of the test plate 23 according to the detection information fed back by the displacement sensor 3 and the pressure sensor 4 of the testing device 2, and records the displacement and pressure value data of the test plate 23 in real time until the hole wall of the tested borehole 1 is sheared and damaged;
[0070] Step S4, calculating, calculating the soil strength parameters of the measured borehole 1, and obtaining a relationship diagram between the soil strength parameters and the displacement.
[0071] The technical advantages of the soil in-situ shear parameter testing method according to the embodiment of the present invention are the same as the technical advantages of the soil in-situ shear parameter testing system described above, which will not be repeated here.
[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, after step S4, the method further includes:
[0073] Step S5 , resetting, the pressure member 22 pulls the test plate 23 to switch from the test position to the idle position, so as to facilitate the movement of the test device 2 in the tested borehole 1 .
[0074] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, after step S5, the method further includes:
[0075] Step S6, shifting, so that the testing device 2 moves to a second set depth in the tested borehole 1;
[0076] Step S7, repeating the positioning, testing, calculating, resetting and shifting operations to obtain soil strength parameters of the tested borehole 1 at different hole depths.
[0077] It can be understood that, in some embodiments of the present invention, the soil in-situ shear parameter testing method includes steps S1, S2, S3 and S4; in other embodiments, the building support column inclination measurement method also includes steps S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5; in still other embodiments, the building support column inclination measurement method also includes steps S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 and S7. Therefore, the soil in-situ shear parameter testing method of the present invention can be the above three methods respectively.
[0078] It should be noted that after completing step S5, if the borehole 1 does not need to be tested any more, the testing device 2 can be directly removed from the borehole 1; if the borehole 1 needs to be tested any more, steps S6 and S7 are performed.
[0079] In some embodiments, the soil strength parameter includes soil shear stress, and the soil shear stress is calculated by the following formula:
[0080]
[0081] Wherein, σ is the soil shear stress of the measured borehole 1 , P is the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 4 , and A is the contact area between the test plate 23 and the hole wall of the measured borehole 1 .
[0082] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
[0083] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0084] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0085] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
[0086] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.
[0087] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A soil in-situ shear parameter testing system, characterized in that: include: A tested borehole, the tested borehole being arranged in the soil at the testing point; and A testing device, wherein at least a portion of the testing device is slidably matched with the tested borehole along the extension direction of the tested borehole, the testing device comprises a support rod, a pressure member and a testing plate, the pressure member is mounted on the support rod and is provided with a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor, the testing plate is connected to the free end of the pressure member and has an idle position spaced from the borehole wall of the tested borehole and a testing position pressed against the borehole wall of the tested borehole, the pressure member can push and pull the testing plate to extend and retract relative to the support rod, and the pressure member is suitable for applying pressure to the borehole wall of the tested borehole by the testing plate at the testing position to form a destructive pressure on the soil; The displacement sensor is used to detect the displacement of the test plate relative to the support rod, and the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the pressure member on the test plate.
2. The soil in-situ shear parameter testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test board has a; Alternatively, there are multiple test plates, the multiple test plates include at least one row of test plates arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tested borehole, and each row of test plates includes at least two test plates arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tested borehole.
3. The soil in-situ shear parameter testing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are a plurality of the test boards, and a plurality of the pressure-applying members, and the pressure-applying members correspond to the test boards one by one, or each row of the test boards corresponds to one pressure-applying member; And / or, the pressure member is one of a pneumatic jack, an oil hydraulic jack and a hydraulic jack.
4. The soil in-situ shear parameter testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: On a projection plane perpendicular to the extension and contraction direction of the test plate, the cross-sectional area of the test plate is not less than the cross-sectional area of the free end of the pressure member; And / or, the test plate is one of an aluminum sheet and a stainless steel sheet.
5. The soil in-situ shear parameter testing system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The soil in-situ shear parameter testing system also includes a display, which is electrically connected to the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor, and is used to display and record detection data of the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor.
6. The soil in-situ shear parameter testing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support rod is a hollow structure; The soil in-situ shear parameter testing system also includes a cable and a power transmission line. The displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are electrically connected to the display via the cable. The pressure member is connected to an external power source via the power transmission line. The cable and the power transmission line are both located in the hollow cavity of the support rod.
7. A soil in-situ shear parameter testing method, based on the soil in-situ shear parameter testing system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Preparation: drilling a hole in the soil at the test point to obtain a tested borehole, and lowering the test device to a first set depth of the tested borehole; Positioning, the pressure-applying member of the testing device pushes the testing plate to move toward the wall of the tested borehole, so that the testing plate is pressed against the wall of the tested borehole; The pressure member pushes the test plate to continue to move toward the wall of the tested borehole, and obtains the displacement and pressure value of the test plate according to the detection information fed back by the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor of the test device until the wall of the tested borehole is sheared and damaged; Calculate, calculate the soil strength parameters of the measured borehole, and obtain a relationship diagram between the soil strength parameters and the displacement.
8. The soil in-situ shear parameter testing method according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the step of calculating, the method further comprises: Reset, the pressure member pulls the test board to switch from the test position to the idle position.
9. The soil in-situ shear parameter testing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After the resetting step, the method further comprises: Shifting, so that the testing device moves to a second set depth in the tested borehole; The positioning, testing, calculating, resetting and shifting operations are repeated to obtain soil strength parameters of the tested borehole at different hole depths.
10. The soil in-situ shear parameter testing method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The soil strength parameters include soil shear stress, which is calculated by the following formula: Wherein, σ is the soil shear stress of the measured borehole, P is the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor, and A is the contact area between the test plate and the wall of the measured borehole.