Building structure operation state dynamic monitoring device and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of building monitoring, and discloses a building structure operation state dynamic monitoring device and a monitoring method, which are used for solving the problem that when a bridge needs to be monitored, the influence caused by internal damage of the bridge is not considered, and the method comprises the following steps: selecting a key part of the bridge as a monitoring point, monitoring bridge data in real time through a sensor, the method comprises the steps of obtaining a structural influence coefficient, an environmental influence coefficient and a corrosion influence coefficient through calculation, comprehensively evaluating the structural influence coefficient, the environmental influence coefficient and the corrosion influence coefficient to obtain a structural risk index, performing early warning according to the structural risk index, and reminding related workers to take corresponding treatment measures. And the accuracy of bridge building monitoring is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of building monitoring, and more specifically to a dynamic monitoring device and method for the operating status of a building structure. Background Art

[0002] The operating status of a building structure refers to the actual state and behavior of its structural system during use, including its safety, stability, durability and applicability. Monitoring and evaluating the operating status of a building structure can help identify potential problems in a timely manner, prevent structural failures, and ensure the safe use of the building.

[0003] The existing dynamic monitoring of the operating status of building structures uses a variety of sensors and technologies to monitor various parameters of the building structures in real time to ensure their safety, stability and durability. These systems integrate sensor technology, data acquisition and transmission, data analysis and processing, and early warning mechanisms. However, when using this dynamic monitoring method to monitor bridges, it does not take into account the internal damage of the bridge caused by time issues, and it is impossible to obtain accurate detection results, delaying the maintenance of the building.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a solution. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a dynamic monitoring device and a monitoring method for the operating status of a building structure to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for dynamically monitoring the operating status of a building structure comprises the following steps:

[0008] Select key parts of the bridge as monitoring points, detect the stress of the monitoring points in real time, and calculate the stress change degree based on the stress of the monitoring points;

[0009] The vibration impact of the bridge is detected in real time through the acceleration sensor;

[0010] Use BIM technology to detect bridge damage in real time, build bridge models, obtain bridge surface crack data, and calculate the bridge damage degree;

[0011] The structural influence coefficient is calculated based on the bridge stress variation, vibration influence and damage degree;

[0012] The temperature and humidity near the bridge are detected in real time by using a temperature detector and a humidity detector, and the water flow rate under the bridge is detected in real time by using a water flow detector. The environmental impact coefficient is calculated based on the real-time temperature, humidity and water flow rate;

[0013] During the detection period, the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in steel is used to detect the thickness of the steel in real time, and the change rate of the steel thickness is calculated as the corrosion influence coefficient. The corrosion influence coefficient model is constructed through the CNN algorithm to obtain the corrosion influence coefficient in real time.

[0014] The structural risk index is obtained by comprehensively evaluating the structural influence coefficient, environmental influence coefficient and corrosion influence coefficient. The calculation formula is SR = a1 × ST + a2 × EV + a3 × CR, where SR represents the structural risk index, ST represents the structural influence coefficient, EV represents the environmental influence coefficient, CR represents the corrosion influence coefficient, and a1, a2, and a3 represent the weight coefficients of the structural influence coefficient, the environmental influence coefficient, and the corrosion influence coefficient.

[0015] Issue early warnings based on the structural risk index to remind relevant staff to take corresponding measures.

[0016] Preferably, the steps of selecting key parts of the bridge as monitoring points, detecting the stress of the monitoring points in real time, and calculating the stress variation degree according to the stress of the monitoring points are:

[0017] Select the top of the pier, the middle of the main beam, near the support, and the end of the cantilever beam as monitoring points, and install stress sensors at the selected monitoring points;

[0018] Collect sensor data in real time and transmit to the central control system;

[0019] When the bridge is not affected by external loads, the initial stress of the monitoring point is recorded as a benchmark, the initial stress is measured multiple times, and the average value is taken as the stress at the current moment;

[0020] Obtain the stress of the monitoring point at the current moment in real time and calculate the stress change degree.

[0021] Preferably, the step of detecting the vibration influence of the bridge in real time by using an acceleration sensor is:

[0022] High-precision acceleration sensors are installed at the monitoring points of the bridge;

[0023] Configure the data acquisition system, set the sampling frequency, and transmit the collected data in real time through a wired or wireless network;

[0024] When the bridge is not affected by external loads, the acceleration data is recorded for a period of time and averaged to obtain the initial vibration state;

[0025] Collect acceleration data in real time, pre-process the collected data, perform fast Fourier transform on the pre-processed data, and obtain the acceleration spectrum in the frequency domain;

[0026] Extract vibration frequency and corresponding amplitude from acceleration spectrum, record frequency and amplitude of each monitoring point, and conduct real-time monitoring;

[0027] The root mean square value of each monitoring point is calculated based on the acceleration data. The calculation formula is: Where RMS represents the root mean square value of the monitoring point, T is the sampling time of the vibration data, and a(t) is the acceleration data;

[0028] The vibration influence degree is obtained by averaging the root mean square value of each monitoring point. The calculation formula is: Where V is the vibration impact, n is the number of monitoring points, RMS i It is expressed as the RMS value of the i-th monitoring point.

[0029] Preferably, the steps of detecting the damage state of the bridge in real time by using BIM technology, constructing a bridge model, obtaining bridge surface crack data, and calculating the degree of bridge damage are as follows:

[0030] Use BIM software to import the design drawings of the bridge and build a 3D model containing all structural details;

[0031] Select the sensor placement location based on the bridge design and vulnerable parts, and place the crack sensors at key locations prone to cracks;

[0032] The sensor monitors crack data in real time and transmits data through wireless or wired networks. The data includes the length, width and location details of the crack.

[0033] Integrate the data collected by sensors into the BIM model in real time, update the model status information, and use the API interface of the BIM software to achieve automatic data update;

[0034] Visualize crack data in the BIM model, use color coding to identify the severity of cracks, and export crack data to analysis software for detailed crack data analysis;

[0035] According to the crack data and the design specifications of the bridge, the damage degree of the bridge is calculated. The calculation formula is: Where D represents the damage degree of the bridge, L i is the length of the i-th crack, W i is the width of the i-th crack, Fi is the influence factor of the i-th crack, and n is the total number of cracks.

[0036] Preferably, the environmental impact coefficient step is:

[0037] The real-time temperature data near the bridge is monitored by a temperature detector to obtain the optimal temperature at which the bridge is not affected, and the temperature deviation is calculated based on the real-time temperature data and the optimal temperature;

[0038] The real-time humidity data near the bridge is monitored by a humidity detector to obtain the optimal humidity without affecting the bridge, and the humidity deviation is calculated based on the real-time humidity data and the optimal humidity;

[0039] Use water flow velocity sensors to monitor the water flow velocity under the bridge in real time, and calculate the hydrodynamic impact based on the water flow velocity;

[0040] The temperature deviation, temperature deviation and hydrodynamic influence are calculated by He Ping Ji-Mean method to obtain the environmental impact coefficient, and the calculation formula is: Where EV represents the environmental impact coefficient, Td represents the temperature deviation, Hd represents the temperature deviation, and Wd represents the hydrodynamic impact.

[0041] Preferably, the steps of using a water flow velocity sensor to monitor the water flow velocity under the bridge in real time and calculating the hydrodynamic influence according to the water flow velocity are:

[0042] Real-time monitoring of water flow speed under bridges;

[0043] The hydrodynamic load is calculated according to the water flow velocity. The hydrodynamic load includes drag force and lift force. The drag force calculation formula is: where F D is expressed as the drag force, ρ is the density of water, C D It is expressed as the drag coefficient, A is the water-facing area of ​​the pier, and v is the water velocity;

[0044] The lift calculation formula is: where F L Expressed as lift, C L Expressed as lift coefficient;

[0045] The total hydrodynamic load is calculated based on the drag force and lift force, and the calculation formula is: Where W F Expressed as the total hydrodynamic load, F D Expressed as drag force, F L Expressed as lift;

[0046] Obtain the critical hydrodynamic load of the bridge design and use the root mean square method to calculate the real-time hydrodynamic influence. The calculation formula is: Where Wd represents the hydrodynamic influence, T is the detection time, and W F Expressed as total hydrodynamic load.

[0047] Preferably, the corrosion influence coefficient model is constructed by using the CNN algorithm, and the steps of obtaining the corrosion influence coefficient in real time are:

[0048] According to the material of the steel and the ambient temperature, determine the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the steel, use the ultrasonic probe to send the sound wave, measure the propagation time t of the sound wave in the steel, and calculate the thickness of the steel;

[0049] During the testing period, measure the steel thickness several times and record the thickness d at each time point. i and time t i , calculate the thickness change rate r at adjacent time points i , and its calculation formula is

[0050] Define the input feature as the thickness change rate, the output layer as the predicted corrosion rate, define the loss function and optimization algorithm, divide the data set into training set, validation set and test set, train the CNN model on the training set, adjust the model parameters through the optimization algorithm, evaluate the model performance on the validation set, and perform hyperparameter tuning;

[0051] The thickness change rate of the steel is obtained in real time through ultrasonic measurement. The trained CNN model is used to input the real-time measured thickness change rate and predict the corrosion rate as the corrosion influence coefficient.

[0052] Preferably, the step of issuing an early warning based on the structural risk index is to compare the structural risk index with a preset threshold value. If the structural risk index is less than the preset threshold value, it is determined that the current building risk is small and no early warning is needed. If the structural risk index is greater than the preset threshold value, it is determined that the current building risk is large and a risk warning is issued.

[0053] Preferably, a monitoring device for implementing the method for dynamically monitoring the operating status of a building structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises:

[0054] The building data acquisition module is used to collect various aspects of building data through sensors and transmit the collected data to the data analysis module;

[0055] A data analysis module is used to receive data transmitted by the building data acquisition module, analyze and calculate the structural influence coefficient, environmental influence coefficient and corrosion influence coefficient, and transmit the structural influence coefficient, environmental influence coefficient and corrosion influence coefficient to the data evaluation module;

[0056] A data evaluation module is used to receive the structural influence coefficient, environmental influence coefficient and corrosion influence coefficient transmitted by the data analysis module, comprehensively evaluate and obtain the structural risk index, and transmit the structural risk index to the risk warning module;

[0057] The risk warning module is used to receive the structural risk index transmitted by the data evaluation module and issue a risk warning based on the structural risk index.

[0058] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0059] Key parts of the bridge are selected as monitoring points, and bridge data is monitored in real time through sensors. The structural impact coefficient, environmental impact coefficient and corrosion impact coefficient are calculated, and a comprehensive evaluation is performed on the structural impact coefficient, environmental impact coefficient and corrosion impact coefficient to obtain the structural risk index. According to the structural risk index, early warning is issued to remind relevant staff to take corresponding treatment measures, which effectively improves the accuracy of bridge construction monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] Figure 1 It is the overall flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the present invention. In addition, the forms of the various structures recorded in the following embodiments are merely illustrative. The dynamic monitoring device and monitoring method for the operating status of a building structure involved in the present invention are not limited to the various structures recorded in the following embodiments. All other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] The present invention provides a method for dynamically monitoring the operating status of a building structure, comprising the following steps:

[0063] Select key parts of the bridge as monitoring points, detect the stress of the monitoring points in real time, calculate the stress change degree based on the stress of the monitoring points, and judge whether there is excessive stress concentration or deformation, which may cause structural damage;

[0064] The vibration impact of the bridge is detected in real time through the acceleration sensor, and abnormal vibration caused by vehicles, wind loads, etc. is identified;

[0065] The bridge damage status is detected in real time through BIM technology, a bridge model is constructed, bridge surface crack data is obtained, and the bridge damage degree is calculated. The BIM technology is a digital method involving building design, construction, operation and management. BIM technology improves the efficiency and quality of construction projects by creating and using digital models of buildings;

[0066] The structural influence coefficient is calculated based on the bridge stress variation, vibration influence and damage degree, and its calculation formula is: Among them, ST represents the structural influence coefficient, E represents the stress change degree, V represents the vibration influence degree, and D represents the damage degree;

[0067] The temperature and humidity near the bridge are detected in real time by using a temperature detector and a humidity detector, and the water flow rate under the bridge is detected in real time by using a water flow detector. The environmental impact coefficient is calculated based on the real-time temperature, humidity and water flow rate;

[0068] During the detection period, the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in steel is used to detect the thickness of the steel in real time, and the change rate of the steel thickness is calculated as the corrosion influence coefficient. The corrosion influence coefficient model is constructed through the CNN algorithm to obtain the corrosion influence coefficient in real time.

[0069] The structural risk index is obtained by comprehensively evaluating the structural influence coefficient, environmental influence coefficient and corrosion influence coefficient. The calculation formula is SR = a1 × ST + a2 × EV + a3 × CR, where SR represents the structural risk index and ST represents the structural influence coefficient. When certain parameters of the building structure (such as stress, vibration, displacement, etc.) change, the greater the impact of these changes on the overall safety and stability of the structure, the higher the structural risk index. In other words, the greater the structural influence coefficient, the greater the potential risk and possible degree of damage of the structure when facing specific loads or environmental changes, so more attention and enhanced monitoring and maintenance are needed. EV represents the environmental influence coefficient. When the environmental conditions (such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, seismic activity, etc.) of the building structure change, the greater the impact of these environmental factors on the safety and stability of the structure, the higher the structural risk index. In other words, the greater the environmental influence coefficient, the greater the potential risk and possible degree of damage of the structure when facing adverse environmental conditions. This shows that in harsh environments, building structures require more stringent monitoring and maintenance measures to prevent and mitigate the negative impact of the environment on structural safety, thereby ensuring its long-term reliability and safety. CR is expressed as the corrosion impact coefficient. When the degree of corrosion of the building structure increases, the negative impact on the safety and stability of the structure also increases. This relationship is reflected in the fact that the greater the corrosion impact coefficient, the higher the structural risk index. In other words, the more serious the damage to the structure caused by corrosion, the greater the potential risk and possible failure probability. This shows that in a corrosive environment, building structures require more frequent and detailed monitoring and maintenance to promptly detect and repair corrosion damage, thereby reducing structural risks and ensuring their long-term reliability and safety. a1, a2, and a3 are expressed as weight coefficients of the structural impact coefficient, the environmental impact coefficient, and the corrosion impact coefficient, and this embodiment does not specifically calculate the specific values ​​of a1, a2, and a3;

[0070] Issue early warnings based on the structural risk index to remind relevant staff to take corresponding measures.

[0071] The dynamic monitoring system can monitor various parameters of the building structure in real time, such as stress, vibration, displacement, etc. When the monitoring data exceeds the preset safety threshold, the system can issue an early warning in time to prevent accidents; the dynamic monitoring system can help evaluate the actual state of the structure and guide maintenance and repair work. According to the monitoring data, a scientific maintenance plan can be formulated to avoid excessive repairs or ignoring potential problems, thereby extending the service life of the structure. The monitoring system can identify and locate damage in the structure and assess the extent of damage. Repair small damage in time to prevent it from further expansion and avoid the deterioration of the overall performance of the structure; real-time monitoring can help implement preventive maintenance instead of waiting until the problem is serious to repair it, thereby reducing the cost of overhaul and emergency repairs, and extending the service life of the structure through scientific maintenance and management, thereby reducing long-term operation and replacement costs.

[0072] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the steps of selecting key parts of the bridge as monitoring points, detecting the stress of the monitoring points in real time, and calculating the stress change degree according to the stress of the monitoring points are as follows:

[0073] Analyze the design drawings and mechanical properties of the bridge, select the top of the pier, the middle of the main beam, near the support, the end of the cantilever beam, etc. as monitoring points, and install stress sensors at the selected monitoring points to ensure that the installation position is accurate and the sensors can work stably for a long time;

[0074] Use data acquisition systems (such as data collectors and wireless transmission modules) to collect sensor data in real time and transmit it to the central control system to ensure the stability and timeliness of data transmission and avoid data loss or delay;

[0075] When the bridge is not affected by external loads (such as traffic, wind, earthquake, etc.), record the initial stress of the monitoring point as a benchmark, measure the initial stress multiple times, and take the average value to improve accuracy;

[0076] The stress at the monitoring point at the current moment is obtained in real time, and the stress change degree is calculated. The calculation formula is E=σ(t)-σ0, where E represents the stress change degree, σ0 represents the initial stress of the monitoring point, and σ(t) represents the stress at any time t.

[0077] The determination of whether there is excessive stress concentration or deformation is to compare the stress change with a set threshold. If the stress change at a monitoring point exceeds the threshold, it is considered that there is excessive stress concentration at the point and further analysis and processing are required.

[0078] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the step of detecting the vibration influence of the bridge in real time by using the acceleration sensor is:

[0079] Install high-precision acceleration sensors at the bridge monitoring points to ensure that the sensors are firmly installed and can accurately measure the vibration of the bridge;

[0080] Configure the data acquisition system and set a suitable sampling frequency (usually above 100 Hz) to ensure that vibrations caused by vehicles, wind loads, etc. can be captured, and the collected data can be transmitted to the central control system in real time via a wired or wireless network;

[0081] When the bridge is not affected by external loads (e.g., no traffic at night), the acceleration data is recorded for a period of time and averaged to obtain the initial vibration state;

[0082] Collect acceleration data in real time, pre-process the collected data, such as removing DC components, low-pass filtering, removing high-frequency noise, and performing fast Fourier transform on the pre-processed data to obtain the acceleration spectrum in the frequency domain. The Fourier transform is a mathematical tool used to convert signals from the time domain (or space domain) to the frequency domain. It was proposed by French mathematician Joseph Fourier and is mainly used to analyze the frequency components of periodic and non-periodic signals. Fourier transform has a wide range of applications in signal processing, image processing, communications, audio analysis, vibration analysis and other fields;

[0083] Extract the main vibration frequency and corresponding amplitude from the acceleration spectrum, record the frequency and amplitude of each monitoring point, and conduct real-time monitoring;

[0084] The root mean square value of each monitoring point is calculated based on the acceleration data. The calculation formula is: Where RMS represents the root mean square value of the monitoring point, T is the sampling time of the vibration data, and a(t) is the acceleration data;

[0085] The vibration influence degree is obtained by averaging the root mean square value of each monitoring point. The calculation formula is: Where V is the vibration impact, n is the number of monitoring points, RMS i It is expressed as the RMS value of the i-th monitoring point.

[0086] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the steps of detecting the damage state of the bridge in real time by using BIM technology, building a bridge model, obtaining the crack data on the bridge surface, and calculating the damage degree of the bridge are as follows:

[0087] Use BIM software to import the design drawings of the bridge and build a 3D model containing all structural details. The model should include information such as material properties, component connection relationships, and load distribution;

[0088] Select the sensor placement location based on the bridge design and vulnerable parts. Crack sensors should be placed in key locations prone to cracks, such as piers, bridge beams, and supporting structures.

[0089] The sensors monitor crack data in real time and transmit the data to a central database via wireless or wired networks. The data includes detailed information such as the length, width and location of the cracks.

[0090] Integrate the data collected by sensors into the BIM model in real time, update the model status information, and use the API interface or plug-in of the BIM software to realize automatic data update;

[0091] Visualize crack data in the BIM model, use color coding or other methods to identify the severity of cracks, and export crack data to analysis software such as MATLAB, Python, etc. for detailed crack data analysis;

[0092] According to the crack data and the design specifications of the bridge, the damage degree of the bridge is calculated. The calculation formula is: Where D represents the damage degree of the bridge, L i is the length of the i-th crack, W i is the width of the i-th crack, Fi is the influence factor of the i-th crack, and the influence factor can be set according to the location of the crack and the crack development trend. For example, the influence factor of the crack in the key position is larger, and n is the total number of cracks.

[0093] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the environmental impact coefficient step is:

[0094] The real-time temperature data near the bridge is monitored by a temperature detector to obtain the optimal temperature at which the bridge is not affected. The temperature deviation is calculated based on the real-time temperature data and the optimal temperature. The calculation formula is: Where Td represents the temperature deviation, T 实时 It is represented as real-time temperature data, and T' is represented as the optimal temperature;

[0095] The real-time humidity data near the bridge is monitored by a humidity detector to obtain the optimal humidity where the bridge is not affected. The humidity deviation is calculated based on the real-time humidity data and the optimal humidity. The calculation formula is: Where Hd represents the temperature deviation, H 实时 It is represented as real-time humidity data, and H' is represented as the optimal humidity;

[0096] Use water flow velocity sensors to monitor the water flow velocity under the bridge in real time, and calculate the hydrodynamic impact based on the water flow velocity;

[0097] The temperature deviation, temperature deviation and hydrodynamic influence are calculated by He Ping Ji-Mean method to obtain the environmental impact coefficient, and the calculation formula is: Where EV represents environmental impact coefficient, Td represents temperature deviation, Hd represents temperature deviation, Wd represents hydrodynamic influence, and the geometric mean method is a mathematical average calculation method used to integrate the values ​​of multiple variables or data. Unlike the arithmetic mean, the geometric mean is the nth root of the product of multiple values, where n is the total number of values.

[0098] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the steps of using a water flow velocity sensor to monitor the water flow velocity under the bridge in real time and calculating the hydrodynamic influence according to the water flow velocity are as follows:

[0099] Real-time monitoring of water velocity under bridges, usually using multi-point monitoring to obtain comprehensive water velocity data;

[0100] The hydrodynamic load is calculated according to the water flow velocity. The hydrodynamic load mainly includes drag force (resistance) and lift force. The drag force calculation formula is: where F D It is expressed as the drag force, ρ is the density of water (about 1000kg / m 3 ), C D It is expressed as the drag coefficient (depending on the shape of the pier), A is the frontal area of ​​the pier, and v is the water velocity. The hydrodynamic load refers to the dynamic force exerted by the water body on the structure (such as bridges, dams, hulls, offshore platforms, etc.) during the movement. This load is usually caused by factors such as water velocity, waves, tides, and ocean currents. Understanding hydrodynamic loads is essential for designing and maintaining the safety and stability of underwater or above-water structures;

[0101] The lift calculation formula is: where F L Expressed as lift, C L Expressed as lift coefficient (depending on the shape of the pier and fluid conditions);

[0102] The total hydrodynamic load is calculated based on the drag force and lift force, and the calculation formula is: Where W F Expressed as the total hydrodynamic load, F D Expressed as drag force, F L Expressed as lift;

[0103] Obtain the critical hydrodynamic load of the bridge design and use the root mean square method to calculate the real-time hydrodynamic influence. The calculation formula is: Where Wd represents the hydrodynamic influence, T is the detection time, and W F Expressed as total hydrodynamic load.

[0104] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the steps of constructing the corrosion influence coefficient model by using the CNN algorithm and obtaining the corrosion influence coefficient in real time are as follows:

[0105] According to the material of the steel and the ambient temperature, the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the steel is determined. The ultrasonic probe is used to send the sound wave, and the propagation time t of the sound wave in the steel is measured to calculate the thickness of the steel. The calculation formula is: Where d is the thickness of the steel, v sound Expressed as the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in steel;

[0106] During the testing period, measure the steel thickness several times and record the thickness d at each time point. i and time t i , calculate the thickness change rate r at adjacent time points i , and its calculation formula is

[0107] Define the input feature as the thickness change rate, the output layer as the predicted corrosion rate, define the loss function and optimization algorithm, divide the data set into training set, validation set and test set, train the CNN model on the training set, adjust the model parameters through the optimization algorithm, evaluate the model performance on the validation set, and perform hyperparameter tuning;

[0108] The thickness change rate of the steel is obtained in real time through ultrasonic measurement. The trained CNN model is used to input the real-time measured thickness change rate and predict the corrosion rate as the corrosion influence coefficient.

[0109] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the step of issuing an early warning based on the structural risk index is to compare the structural risk index with a preset threshold value. If the structural risk index is less than the preset threshold value, it is determined that the current building risk is small and no early warning is required. If the structural risk index is greater than the preset threshold value, it is determined that the current building risk is large and a risk warning is issued.

[0110] In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically explain that a device for dynamically monitoring the operating status of a building structure includes:

[0111] The building data acquisition module is used to collect various aspects of building data through sensors and transmit the collected data to the data analysis module;

[0112] A data analysis module is used to receive data transmitted by the building data acquisition module, analyze and calculate the structural influence coefficient, environmental influence coefficient and corrosion influence coefficient, and transmit the structural influence coefficient, environmental influence coefficient and corrosion influence coefficient to the data evaluation module;

[0113] A data evaluation module is used to receive the structural influence coefficient, environmental influence coefficient and corrosion influence coefficient transmitted by the data analysis module, comprehensively evaluate and obtain the structural risk index, and transmit the structural risk index to the risk warning module;

[0114] The risk warning module is used to receive the structural risk index transmitted by the data evaluation module and issue a risk warning based on the structural risk index.

[0115] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0116] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for dynamically monitoring the operating status of a building structure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Select key parts of the bridge as monitoring points, detect the stress of the monitoring points in real time, and calculate the stress change degree based on the stress of the monitoring points; The vibration impact of the bridge is detected in real time through the acceleration sensor; Use BIM technology to detect bridge damage in real time, build bridge models, obtain bridge surface crack data, and calculate the degree of bridge damage; The structural influence coefficient is calculated based on the bridge stress variation, vibration influence and damage degree; The temperature and humidity near the bridge are detected in real time by using a temperature detector and a humidity detector, and the water flow velocity under the bridge is detected in real time by using a water flow detector. The environmental impact coefficient is calculated based on the real-time temperature, humidity and water flow velocity; During the detection period, the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in steel is used to detect the thickness of the steel in real time, and the change rate of the steel thickness is calculated as the corrosion influence coefficient. The corrosion influence coefficient model is constructed through the CNN algorithm to obtain the corrosion influence coefficient in real time. The structural risk index is obtained by comprehensively evaluating the structural influence coefficient, environmental influence coefficient and corrosion influence coefficient. The calculation formula is SR = a1 × ST + a2 × EV + a3 × CR, where SR represents the structural risk index, ST represents the structural influence coefficient, EV represents the environmental influence coefficient, CR represents the corrosion influence coefficient, and a1, a2, and a3 represent the weight coefficients of the structural influence coefficient, the environmental influence coefficient, and the corrosion influence coefficient. Issue early warnings based on the structural risk index to remind relevant staff to take corresponding measures.

2. A method for dynamically monitoring the operating status of a building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of selecting key parts of the bridge as monitoring points, detecting the stress of the monitoring points in real time, and calculating the stress change degree according to the stress of the monitoring points are as follows: Select the top of the pier, the middle of the main beam, near the support, and the end of the cantilever beam as monitoring points, and install stress sensors at the selected monitoring points; Collect sensor data in real time and transmit to the central control system; When the bridge is not affected by external loads, the initial stress of the monitoring point is recorded as a benchmark, the initial stress is measured multiple times, and the average value is taken as the stress at the current moment; Obtain the stress of the monitoring point at the current moment in real time and calculate the stress change degree.

3. A method for dynamically monitoring the operating status of a building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of detecting the vibration influence of the bridge in real time by using the acceleration sensor are as follows: High-precision acceleration sensors are installed at the monitoring points of the bridge; Configure the data acquisition system, set the sampling frequency, and transmit the collected data in real time through a wired or wireless network; When the bridge is not affected by external loads, the acceleration data is recorded for a period of time and averaged to obtain the initial vibration state; Collect acceleration data in real time, pre-process the collected data, perform fast Fourier transform on the pre-processed data, and obtain the acceleration spectrum in the frequency domain; Extract vibration frequency and corresponding amplitude from acceleration spectrum, record frequency and amplitude of each monitoring point, and conduct real-time monitoring; The root mean square value of each monitoring point is calculated based on the acceleration data. The calculation formula is: Where RMS represents the root mean square value of the monitoring point, T is the sampling time of the vibration data, and a(t) is the acceleration data; The vibration influence degree is obtained by averaging the root mean square value of each monitoring point. The calculation formula is: Where V is the vibration impact, n is the number of monitoring points, RMS i It is expressed as the RMS value of the i-th monitoring point.

4. A method for dynamically monitoring the operating status of a building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of detecting the damage status of the bridge in real time by using BIM technology, building a bridge model, obtaining the crack data on the bridge surface, and calculating the damage degree of the bridge are as follows: Use BIM software to import the design drawings of the bridge and build a 3D model containing all structural details; Select the sensor placement location based on the bridge design and vulnerable parts, and place the crack sensors at key locations prone to cracks; The sensor monitors crack data in real time and transmits data through wireless or wired networks. The data includes the length, width and location details of the crack. Integrate the data collected by sensors into the BIM model in real time, update the model status information, and use the API interface of the BIM software to achieve automatic data update; Visualize crack data in the BIM model, use color coding to identify the severity of cracks, and export crack data to analysis software for detailed crack data analysis; According to the crack data and the design specifications of the bridge, the damage degree of the bridge is calculated. The calculation formula is: Where D represents the damage degree of the bridge, L i is the length of the i-th crack, W i is the width of the i-th crack, Fi is the influence factor of the i-th crack, and n is the total number of cracks.

5. A method for dynamically monitoring the operating status of a building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental impact coefficient step is: The real-time temperature data near the bridge is monitored by a temperature detector to obtain the optimal temperature at which the bridge is not affected, and the temperature deviation is calculated based on the real-time temperature data and the optimal temperature; The real-time humidity data near the bridge is monitored by a humidity detector to obtain the optimal humidity without affecting the bridge, and the humidity deviation is calculated based on the real-time humidity data and the optimal humidity; Use water flow velocity sensors to monitor the water flow velocity under the bridge in real time, and calculate the hydrodynamic impact based on the water flow velocity; The temperature deviation, temperature deviation and hydrodynamic influence are calculated by He Ping Ji-Mean method to obtain the environmental impact coefficient, and the calculation formula is: Where EV represents the environmental impact coefficient, Td represents the temperature deviation, Hd represents the temperature deviation, and Wd represents the hydrodynamic impact.

6. A method for dynamically monitoring the operating status of a building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of using a water flow velocity sensor to monitor the water flow velocity under the bridge in real time and calculating the hydrodynamic influence according to the water flow velocity are as follows: Real-time monitoring of water flow speed under bridges; The hydrodynamic load is calculated according to the water flow velocity. The hydrodynamic load includes drag force and lift force. The drag force calculation formula is: Among them, F D is expressed as the drag force, ρ is the density of water, C D It is expressed as the drag coefficient, A is the water-facing area of ​​the pier, and v is the water velocity; The lift calculation formula is: Among them, F L Expressed as lift, C L Expressed as lift coefficient; The total hydrodynamic load is calculated based on the drag force and lift force, and the calculation formula is: Where W F Expressed as the total hydrodynamic load, F D Expressed as drag force, F L Expressed as lift; Obtain the critical hydrodynamic load of the bridge design and use the root mean square method to calculate the real-time hydrodynamic influence. The calculation formula is: Where Wd represents the hydrodynamic influence, T is the detection time, and W F Expressed as total hydrodynamic load.

7. A method for dynamically monitoring the operating status of a building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corrosion influence coefficient model is constructed by using the CNN algorithm, and the steps of obtaining the corrosion influence coefficient in real time are as follows: According to the material of the steel and the ambient temperature, determine the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the steel, use the ultrasonic probe to send the sound wave, measure the propagation time t of the sound wave in the steel, and calculate the thickness of the steel; During the testing period, measure the steel thickness several times and record the thickness d at each time point. i and time t i , calculate the thickness change rate r at adjacent time points i , and its calculation formula is Define the input feature as the thickness change rate, the output layer as the predicted corrosion rate, define the loss function and optimization algorithm, divide the data set into training set, validation set and test set, train the CNN model on the training set, adjust the model parameters through the optimization algorithm, evaluate the model performance on the validation set, and perform hyperparameter tuning; The thickness change rate of the steel is obtained in real time through ultrasonic measurement. The trained CNN model is used to input the real-time measured thickness change rate and predict the corrosion rate as the corrosion influence coefficient.

8. A method for dynamically monitoring the operating status of a building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of issuing an early warning based on the structural risk index is to compare the structural risk index with a preset threshold value. If the structural risk index is less than the preset threshold value, it is determined that the current building risk is small and no early warning is required. If the structural risk index is greater than the preset threshold value, it is determined that the current building risk is large and a risk early warning is issued.

9. A monitoring device for implementing the method for dynamically monitoring the operating status of a building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The device comprises: Building data collection module, used to collect data of various aspects of the building through sensors and transmit the collected data to the data analysis module; A data analysis module is used to receive data transmitted by the building data acquisition module, analyze and calculate the structural influence coefficient, environmental influence coefficient and corrosion influence coefficient, and transmit the structural influence coefficient, environmental influence coefficient and corrosion influence coefficient to the data evaluation module; A data evaluation module is used to receive the structural influence coefficient, environmental influence coefficient and corrosion influence coefficient transmitted by the data analysis module, comprehensively evaluate and obtain the structural risk index, and transmit the structural risk index to the risk warning module; The risk warning module is used to receive the structural risk index transmitted by the data evaluation module and issue a risk warning based on the structural risk index.

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