New energy automobile heating system and method
By combining induction heating and active heating technology in new energy vehicles and adjusting the heating method according to the vehicle status, the problem of low heating efficiency of new energy vehicles is solved, and the rapid and efficient heating effect is achieved, ensuring the efficient vehicle in different states. run.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411376447.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
AI Technical Summary
New energy vehicles have low heating efficiency in extremely cold weather, the existing PTC water heaters are slow to heat, high-frequency pulse heating causes damage to the battery and MCU, and active heating is insufficient in the parking state, resulting in low heating efficiency of the whole vehicle.
The combined technology of induction heating and active heating is adopted, and the heating method is adjusted according to the vehicle state. Induction heating is mainly used in parking states and active heating is mainly used in operation states. The power of the two is combined to achieve the highest efficiency heating.
The heating efficiency and heating speed of new energy vehicles are improved, ensuring that the heating efficiency of the vehicle is highest in both parking and operating states, and avoiding damage and noise problems of the battery and MCU.
Smart Images
Figure CN119253146A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of automobile heating, and in particular to a new energy automobile heating system and method. Background Art
[0002] In the application of new energy vehicles in extremely cold weather, when starting the vehicle, the battery system needs to be heated first. Common methods include PTC heating, high-frequency pulse current heating through the motor controller (MCU), and active heating technology.
[0003] The PTC water heater for new energy vehicles is a device that uses a PTC heating element to heat the vehicle coolant. The PTC water heater has a slow heating speed, large heat radiation, low efficiency, high temperature, and also poses a safety hazard.
[0004] High-frequency pulse heating technology has a small internal resistance of the battery and requires a large heating current, which causes certain damage to the power semiconductor in the MCU, posing a reliability risk, and also causing certain damage to the battery cell. At low temperatures, if the charging current is too large, the negative electrode will be lithium-rich due to its weak ability to embed lithium ions, and the excessive current will easily cause the negative electrode to become lithium-rich, resulting in the growth of lithium ions, and in severe cases, lithium dendrite failure. In addition, the motor will also generate noise, which will cause people to worry unnecessary.
[0005] Active heating technology, which heats through the motor stator coil, also has the problems of slow heating speed and low efficiency. In addition, the heating power often does not meet the requirements of the vehicle system when the vehicle is parked. In order to solve the problem of insufficient active heating power, a composite heating method of active heating and PTC heating is adopted. However, the heating efficiency of the vehicle is still low because the principles of active heating and PTC heating are both resistance heating principles, resulting in low efficiency. Summary of the invention
[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a new energy vehicle heating system and method, which adopts a composite heating technology of induction heating and active heating to improve the heating efficiency of new energy vehicles.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solutions:
[0008] In the first aspect, the present application provides a new energy vehicle heating system, including: an induction heating unit and an active heating unit; the induction heating unit is used to heat the battery of the new energy vehicle by induction heating; the active heating unit is used to actively heat the battery of the new energy vehicle; when the new energy vehicle is in a parking state, induction heating is mainly used and active heating is auxiliary; when the new energy vehicle is in a running state, active heating is mainly used and induction heating is auxiliary.
[0009] In the second aspect, the present application provides a method for heating a new energy vehicle, comprising: when the new energy vehicle is in a parked state, heating the battery of the new energy vehicle by mainly using induction heating and auxiliary using active heating; when the new energy vehicle is in a running state, heating the battery of the new energy vehicle by mainly using active heating and auxiliary using induction heating.
[0010] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application discloses the following technical effects:
[0011] The present application provides a new energy vehicle heating system and method, which integrates induction heating and active heating technology, solving both the heating efficiency problem and the heating speed problem. During the heating process of the vehicle when it is parked and running, the main and auxiliary functions of the induction heating and active heating technologies are interchangeable, ensuring that the heating efficiency of the vehicle during parking and running processes is maximized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the induction heating principle;
[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of heating using a new energy vehicle heating system;
[0015] Figure 3 Flow chart of the heating method for new energy vehicles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0017] In industrial applications, a mature and efficient method for heating water is to use induction or microwave heating, which can increase thermal efficiency by 30%-70% compared to PTC heating.
[0018] The principle of induction or microwave heating is as follows Figure 1As shown in the figure, the electromagnetic heater heating body is composed of a high-temperature electromagnetic coil wound on an insulator, which is then put on a ferromagnetic metal heating tube. In order to detect the temperature, a temperature detection sensor is added between the insulator and the metal heating tube for temperature detection and overheating protection. When the high-frequency current generated by the high-frequency pulse generator passes through the high-temperature electromagnetic coil, the metal heating tube is quickly heated due to the strong hysteresis eddy current and magnetic resistance thermal effect, which is used to directly and quickly heat the coolant flowing into the metal heating tube.
[0019] This application changes the heating of new energy vehicles from PTC heating, pulse current heating through motor controller (MCU) and active heating technology to induction heating. If the heating power is insufficient, induction heating and active heating can be used for simultaneous heating.
[0020] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
[0021] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, a new energy vehicle heating system is provided, including an induction heating unit and an active heating unit composed of a motor controller (MCU) and a motor. Figure 2 Among them, the water tank is a cooling water storage device; the water pump is a power device for the flow of cooling water; the induction heating unit is used to add cooling water; OBC is an on-board charger, DC / DC is a direct current power supply, which realizes high-voltage-low-voltage conversion; MCU is a motor controller, which drives the motor to generate power for the whole vehicle; the battery is a power battery unit, which is the energy of the whole vehicle.
[0022] One end of the induction heating unit is connected to the water outlet of the water tank in the liquid cooling circuit through a water pump, and the other end of the induction heating unit is connected to the on-board charger (OBC) of the new energy vehicle; the water tank is used to store cooling water. The induction heating unit heats the battery of the new energy vehicle by inductively heating the cooling water in the liquid cooling circuit of the new energy vehicle.
[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the induction heating unit includes a metal heating tube, an insulator and an electromagnetic coil; the insulator is sleeved on the metal heating tube, and the electromagnetic coil is wound on the insulator.
[0024] The induction heating unit is used to heat the battery of the new energy vehicle by induction heating; the active heating unit is used to actively heat the battery of the new energy vehicle; when the new energy vehicle is in a parked state, induction heating is mainly used and active heating is auxiliary; when the new energy vehicle is in a running state, active heating is mainly used and induction heating is auxiliary.
[0025] The liquid cooling circuits are connected in series. During the process of stopping and starting, when rapid heating is required, a composite heating technology with induction heating as the main and active heating as the auxiliary can be used to achieve it; during driving, a composite heating technology with active heating as the main and induction heating as the auxiliary can be used to achieve rapid and efficient heating.
[0026] The induction heating power can be adjusted from 0-100% as needed, and the active heating can also be adjusted from 0-100% as needed.
[0027] In an exemplary embodiment, a new energy vehicle heating method is provided, comprising:
[0028] S1: When the new energy vehicle is in a parked state, the battery of the new energy vehicle is heated by induction heating as a main method and active heating as a supplementary method.
[0029] S2: When the new energy vehicle is in operation, the battery of the new energy vehicle is heated by active heating as the main method and induction heating as the auxiliary method.
[0030] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown:
[0031] The first step is to start the vehicle, measure the battery temperature, and determine whether it has reached the battery's minimum allowable operating point T1. If it has reached the required level, the vehicle can be started and run, and then proceed to the second step; if it has not reached the required level, then proceed to the third step.
[0032] The second step is to determine whether the battery's maximum power output operating point temperature T2 is reached. If reached, the vehicle runs normally and ends. If not, active heating is started, and it is determined whether the active heating power P1 meets the total heating power P. If not, a composite heating technology with active heating as the main and induction heating as the auxiliary is adopted.
[0033] In the third step, the vehicle is not allowed to start and run, induction heating is started, and it is determined whether the induction heating power P2 meets the total heating power P. If not, a composite heating technology with induction heating as the main and active heating as the auxiliary is used to achieve rapid heating, and then the cycle enters the first step.
[0034] There are two working states for new energy vehicles: parking state and running state.
[0035] In the parking state, induction heating is the main heating method, and active heating is the auxiliary method; in the running state, active heating is the main heating method, and induction heating is the auxiliary method. The total heating power P is determined by the vehicle controller VCU and is obtained according to the battery heating needs. It is composed of the induction heating power P2 and the active heating power P1, P = P1 + P2.
[0036] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0037] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting this application.
Claims
1. A new energy vehicle heating system, characterized in that: include: Induction heating units and active heating units; The induction heating unit is used to heat the battery of the new energy vehicle by induction heating; The active heating unit is used to actively heat the battery of the new energy vehicle; When the new energy vehicle is in a parking state, induction heating is mainly used and active heating is supplementary; when the new energy vehicle is in a running state, active heating is mainly used and induction heating is supplementary.
2. The new energy vehicle heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The induction heating unit heats the battery of the new energy vehicle by inductively heating the cooling water in the liquid cooling circuit of the new energy vehicle.
3. The energy vehicle heating system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One end of the induction heating unit is connected to the water outlet of the water tank in the liquid cooling circuit through a water pump, and the other end of the induction heating unit is connected to the on-board charger of the new energy vehicle; the water tank is used to store cooling water.
4. The new energy vehicle heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The induction heating unit comprises a metal heating tube, an insulator and an electromagnetic coil; the insulator is sleeved on the metal heating tube, and the electromagnetic coil is wound on the insulator.
5. The new energy vehicle heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active heating unit includes a motor controller and a motor.
6. A new energy vehicle heating method, characterized in that: The new energy vehicle heating method is applied to the new energy vehicle heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the new energy vehicle heating method comprises: When the new energy vehicle is in a parked state, the battery of the new energy vehicle is heated by induction heating as the main method and active heating as the auxiliary method; When the new energy vehicle is in operation, the battery of the new energy vehicle is heated mainly by active heating and supplemented by induction heating.
7. The new energy vehicle heating method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The induction heating power can be adjusted arbitrarily.
8. The new energy vehicle heating method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heating power of the active heating can be adjusted as desired.
9. The new energy vehicle heating method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sum of the induction heating power and the active heating power is the total heating power.
10. The new energy vehicle heating method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The total heating power is determined according to the battery heating requirements of the new energy vehicle.